CN118832927A - High-elastic non-woven fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-elastic non-woven fabric, belonging to the technical field of non-woven fabrics. The high-elastic non-woven fabric comprises two skin-friendly layers, between which there is an elastic layer composed of a plurality of wavy elastic fibers, the elastic layer and the skin-friendly layer are online compounded and melted into an integrated structure; the elastic layer is an integrated fiber mesh structure, and the wave crests of the longitudinally placed elastic fibers are fixedly connected with the wave troughs of the transversely placed elastic fibers. The non-woven fabric can realize multi-directional elastic activation, and after activation, it can give the non-woven fabric high elasticity, high fluffiness, high breathability and skin-friendly characteristics.

Description

A high elastic non-woven fabric

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of nonwoven fabrics, and more specifically, to a high-elastic nonwoven fabric.

Background Art

Elastic nonwoven fabrics include elastic spunbond nonwoven fabrics and elastic composite nonwoven fabrics. In the production process of elastic spunbond nonwoven fabrics, elastic masterbatch is added to give the nonwoven fabric elastic properties. However, this method often requires the addition of more elastic masterbatch, which may affect the performance of the nonwoven fiber itself, thereby making the elastic spunbond nonwoven fabric fluffier and less tactile; in addition, this material may become loose and inefficient during actual use. In contrast, the elasticity of elastic composite nonwoven fabrics mainly comes from the elastic layer. This method does not affect the properties of the fiber itself, but may increase the overall weight of the nonwoven fabric due to the increase in surface density. This increase in weight may limit the application range of nonwoven fabrics.

In order to solve the above problems, a Chinese patent with publication number CN219007287U published on May 12, 2023 discloses an elastic non-woven fabric, which can be deformed by directly hot-melting two groups of cross-placed elastic threads with cotton fiber nets and low-fiber nets. However, the elasticity provided by this non-woven fabric only exists at the location of the elastic threads, which can easily make the tensile strength of the non-woven fabric unevenly distributed, thereby shortening the service life of the non-woven fabric. In addition, during use, when the non-woven fabric is pulled by external force, the elastic threads are easy to squeeze the human skin under the action of force, resulting in a sense of covering where the non-woven fabric contacts the human skin, especially where the elastic threads are located. The sense of covering is more obvious. In addition, this process uses offline compounding, which has high production costs and low production efficiency. The elastic non-woven fabric after compounding can only be horizontal or vertical, and subsequent applications are not flexible.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a non-woven fabric which is highly elastic, thin, and easy to process, whose elasticity can be activated in the longitudinal and transverse directions at will according to the needs of the user, and which is not easy to produce a sense of being covered where the non-woven fabric contacts the human skin.

Summary of the invention

In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-elastic non-woven fabric, which has high elasticity, is light and thin, is easy to process, can activate elasticity in the longitudinal and transverse directions at will according to the needs of users, and is not easy to produce a sense of being covered where the non-woven fabric contacts human skin.

To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

A highly elastic nonwoven fabric comprises a first skin-friendly layer and a second skin-friendly layer, wherein an elastic layer composed of a plurality of wavy elastic fibers is disposed between the first skin-friendly layer and the second skin-friendly layer, wherein the elastic layer, the first skin-friendly layer and the second skin-friendly layer are composited and fused online to form an integrated structure; the elastic layer is an integrated fiber mesh structure, and the wave crests of the longitudinally arranged elastic fibers are fixedly connected to the wave troughs of the transversely arranged elastic fibers.

Furthermore, the fiber structure of the wavy elastic fiber is a skin-core structure; the skin-core structure includes an inner core and an outer sheath, the outer sheath completely covers the outer end of the inner core, and the ratio of the radius of the inner core to the thickness of the outer sheath is 1:1~9.

Furthermore, the fiber structure of the wavy elastic fiber is a parallel structure; the parallel structure includes a first parallel component and a second parallel component, the first parallel component and the second parallel component are combined in parallel, and the volume ratio of the first parallel component to the second parallel component is 1~9:9~1.

Furthermore, the surface density of the elastic layer is 5-100 g/m ² , and the surface density of the first skin-friendly layer and the second skin-friendly layer are both 5-100 g/m ² ; in the highly elastic non-woven fabric, the volume proportion of the elastic layer is 10-80%, the volume proportion of the first skin-friendly layer is 10-80%, and the volume proportion of the second skin-friendly layer is 10-80%.

Furthermore, the materials of the first skin-friendly layer and the second skin-friendly layer are both composite fiber materials, the fiber structures of the composite fiber materials are parallel structures, the parallel structures include a first parallel component and a second parallel component, and the volume ratio of the first parallel component to the second parallel component is 1~9:9~1. The volume ratio of the first parallel component to the second parallel component is preferably 1:1.

Furthermore, the materials of the first skin-friendly layer and the second skin-friendly layer are both composite fiber materials, the fiber structures of the composite fiber materials are both eccentric structures, the eccentric structures include an eccentric inner core and an eccentric outer sheath, the volume ratio of the eccentric inner core and the eccentric outer sheath is 1:2~7; and the eccentric outer sheath covers 200~360° of the circumference of the eccentric inner core.

Furthermore, the high-elastic non-woven fabric has a grammage of 15-300 g/m ² and a thickness of 0.1-7 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

1. The high-elastic non-woven fabric of the present invention not only improves the elasticity of the non-woven fabric, but also retains the original characteristics of the first skin-friendly layer and the second skin-friendly layer by embedding an elastic layer composed of corrugated elastic fibers between the first skin-friendly layer and the second skin-friendly layer, ensuring that the non-woven fabric has good elasticity while not losing its comfort. The elastic layer adopts an integrated fiber mesh structure, in which the wave crests of the elastic fibers placed longitudinally and the wave troughs of the elastic fibers placed transversely are fixedly connected to each other, and this structure provides additional elasticity for the non-woven fabric. In addition, this structure enables the non-woven fabric to effectively disperse stress when subjected to external force, reducing the load of a single fiber, thereby significantly improving the durability and tensile resistance of the non-woven fabric.

2. The elastic layer of the non-woven fabric provided by the present invention accounts for 10-80% by volume; the first skin-friendly layer and the second skin-friendly layer account for 10-80% by volume. Such a proportion distribution enables the non-woven fabric to have high elongation at break and high elongation at break while also having high air permeability, longitudinal softness and transverse softness.

3. The first skin-friendly layer, the second skin-friendly layer and the elastic layer of the non-woven fabric provided by the present invention are directly compounded and melted online to form an integrated structure. Such a preparation process improves production efficiency.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a micro three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the fiber structure of the present invention.

Description of the numbers in the figure:

1 first skin-friendly layer, 2 elastic layer, 3 second skin-friendly layer, 4 eccentric inner core, 5 eccentric outer sheath, 6 first parallel component, 7 second parallel component, 8 inner core, 9 outer sheath.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiment 1:

As shown in FIG1 , a high-elastic nonwoven fabric is divided into a first skin-friendly layer 1, an elastic layer 2 and a second skin-friendly layer 3, wherein the elastic layer 2 is located between the first skin-friendly layer 1 and the second skin-friendly layer 3, and the first skin-friendly layer 1, the elastic layer 2 and the second skin-friendly layer 3 can be made on a mesh curtain of a mesh belt machine, so the first skin-friendly layer 1 and the second skin-friendly layer 3 are only materials existing in the production process, and can be directly compounded online and consolidated into an integrated structure, so that the high-elastic nonwoven fabric can remain light and thin. The elasticity of the high-elastic nonwoven fabric prepared by the method is provided by the elastic layer 2, so that the performance of the first skin-friendly layer 1 and the second skin-friendly layer 3 can be well preserved.

As shown in FIG1 , the elastic layer 2 is composed of highly elastic fibers. The highly elastic fibers include first highly elastic fibers and second highly elastic fibers. The first highly elastic fibers and the second highly elastic fibers are both wavy; the wave crests of the first highly elastic fibers and the wave troughs of the second highly elastic fibers are fixedly connected, and the first highly elastic fibers and the second highly elastic fibers are interrelated, so that the non-woven fabric is not likely to lose its elasticity when subjected to excessive force. At the same time, the structure of the elastic layer 2 ensures that the pressure of the non-woven fabric on the part of the body in contact with the user is evenly distributed during the stretching process. This even pressure distribution effectively avoids the feeling of being strangled in the area where the non-woven fabric contacts the human skin, thereby significantly improving the comfort of the user.

The specific content of the online compounding is: the first skin-friendly layer 1, the elastic layer 2 and the second skin-friendly layer 3 are directly laid on the mesh curtain of the web-forming machine after being spun by the die head, and then pulled by cold air, drawn by main and auxiliary exhaust air, pre-pressed by rollers or hot air knives, and bonded and reinforced into an integrated structure by hot rolling machine/spunlace machine/hot air machine/needle punching machine. In this way, the elasticity of the elastic layer 2 is effectively controlled, which greatly facilitates the subsequent winding, separation and application, making the non-woven fabric easier to process, thereby significantly improving production efficiency. When the entire processing flow is completed, the user can choose to perform horizontal or vertical activation treatment according to the required performance of the final product, so as to give the product characteristics such as elasticity, high fluffiness, skin-friendliness and good wrapping.

The fibers of the first skin-friendly layer 1 and the second skin-friendly layer 3 are composite fibers, and the structure of the composite fibers is a parallel structure, and the parallel structure is divided into a first parallel component 6 and a second parallel component 7, and its cross-sectional structure schematic diagram is shown in part (b) of Figure 2, and the volume ratio of the two is 1:1; the materials of the first parallel component 6 and the second parallel component 7 are both PP materials. The structure of the high elastic fiber of the elastic layer 2 is a skin-core structure, which is divided into an inner core 8 and an outer sheath 9, and the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the skin-core structure is shown in part (c) of Figure 2. The outer sheath 9 is completely covered on the outside of the inner core 8, and the ratio of the radius of the inner core 8 to the thickness of the outer sheath 9 is 1~9:9~1; the best softness, extension, resilience, tensile strength and other properties are adjusted according to actual needs, and 1:1 is selected in this embodiment. The materials of the inner core 8 and the outer sheath 9 are both composite materials of styrene copolymer and elastic material.

The structural design of this non-woven fabric enables the non-woven fabric to have good elasticity. A tensile test showed that it can withstand a maximum tensile force of 28.3N and its elongation at break can reach 52.4%.

Embodiment 2:

In conjunction with Figure 2, this embodiment is described in detail. The difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the composite fiber of the first skin-friendly layer 1 and the second skin-friendly layer 3 of this embodiment is an eccentric structure, and its cross-sectional schematic diagram is shown in part (a) of Figure 2. The eccentric structure is divided into an eccentric inner core 4 and an eccentric outer sheath 5; the volume ratio of the eccentric inner core 4 to the eccentric outer sheath 5 is 1:2~7, and the eccentric outer sheath 5 covers 200~360° of the circumference of the eccentric inner core 4. According to actual needs, the best softness, extension, resilience, tensile strength and other properties are adjusted. In this embodiment, the volume ratio of the eccentric inner core 4 and the eccentric outer sheath 5 is selected to be 1:3, and the eccentric outer sheath 5 covers 300° of the circumference of the eccentric inner core 4. The material of the eccentric inner core 4 and the eccentric outer sheath 5 is polypropylene copolymer. The structure of the high elastic fiber of the elastic layer 2 is a skin-core structure, and the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the skin-core structure is shown in part (c) of Figure 2. The ratio of the radius of the inner core 8 of the skin-core structure to the thickness of the outer sheath 9 is 1:5.

Embodiment 3:

In conjunction with Figure 2, this embodiment is described in detail. The difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the structure of the composite fiber of the first skin-friendly layer 1 of this embodiment is an eccentric structure, and its cross-sectional schematic diagram is shown in part (a) and the volume ratio of the eccentric inner core 4 and the eccentric outer sheath 5 is 1:2, and the eccentric outer sheath 5 covers 360° of the circumference of the eccentric inner core 4; the structure of the composite fiber of the second skin-friendly layer 3 is a parallel structure, and its cross-sectional schematic diagram is shown in part (b), and the volume ratio of the first parallel component 6 and the second parallel component 7 is 1:9. The structure of the high elastic fiber of the elastic layer 2 is a skin-core structure, and the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the skin-core structure is shown in part (c) of Figure 2, and the ratio of the radius of the inner core 8 and the thickness of the outer sheath 9 of the skin-core structure is 1:1.

Embodiment 4:

This embodiment is described in detail in conjunction with FIG2 . The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the structure of the high elastic fiber of the elastic layer 2 of this embodiment is a parallel structure, and its cross-sectional schematic diagram is shown in part (b) of FIG2 , and the volume ratio of the first parallel component 6 and the second parallel component 7 is 1:9. The composite fiber structure of the first skin-friendly layer 1 and the second skin-friendly layer 3 is a parallel structure, and its cross-sectional schematic diagram is shown in part (b) of FIG2 , and the volume ratio of the first parallel component 6 and the second parallel component 7 is 9:1.

Embodiment 5:

The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the composite fiber structures of the first skin-friendly layer 1 and the second skin-friendly layer 3 of this comparative example are both single-component structures, and the structure of the high-elastic fiber of the elastic layer 2 is also a single-component structure; its screenshot schematic diagram is shown in part (d) of Figure 2.

Embodiment 6:

The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the high elastic fiber of the elastic layer 2 of this comparative example is an eccentric structure, and its cross-sectional schematic diagram is shown in part (a) of Figure 2, and the volume ratio of the eccentric inner core 4 and the eccentric outer sheath 5 is 1:7, and the eccentric outer sheath 5 covers 200° of the circumference of the eccentric inner core 4. The composite fiber structure of the first skin-friendly layer 1 and the second skin-friendly layer 3 is a skin-core structure, and the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the skin-core structure is shown in part (c) of Figure 2, and the ratio of the radius of the inner core 8 and the thickness of the outer sheath 9 of the skin-core structure is 1:9.

Comparative Example 1:

A plurality of elastic threads are spaced apart between the first skin-friendly layer 1 and the second skin-friendly layer 3. After the first skin-friendly layer 1, the elastic threads and the second skin-friendly layer 3 are prepared, they are compounded and sintered into a non-woven fabric. The interval between the elastic threads is 3 mm.

Test Example 1:

95g of the high elastic nonwoven fabrics involved in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Example 1 were selected and subjected to a tensile test. The test results are shown in the following table:

Table 1 Tensile test results of high elastic nonwoven fabrics involved in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Example 1

It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that the breaking strength, breaking elongation, breaking strength and breaking elongation of the non-woven fabric prepared by this scheme are more than twice those of the comparative example; these data indicate that the non-woven fabric prepared by this scheme can better withstand tensile force without breaking, and thus has good ductility.

Test Example 2:

After mechanical activation of the high elastic nonwoven fabrics involved in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Example 1, air permeability and softness tests were performed. The softness test was performed with reference to GB/T8942-2016; the air permeability test was performed with reference to the test specified in GB/T5453-1997. The test results are shown in the following table:

Table 2 Test results of air permeability and softness of high elastic nonwoven fabrics in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Example 1

It can be seen from Table 2 that the non-woven fabric prepared by this scheme can have a longitudinal softness of more than 17.33 mm/N after activation; the transverse softness can reach more than 18.23 mm/N; the air permeability can reach more than 1437 mm/s, which is significantly higher than the air permeability, longitudinal softness and transverse softness of the non-woven fabric prepared in Comparative Example 1; these data indicate that the non-woven fabric prepared by this scheme can have better softness and good air permeability in the transverse and longitudinal directions after mechanical activation.

Claims (7)

1.A high-elastic nonwoven fabric, which is characterized in that: comprises a first skin-friendly layer (1) and a second skin-friendly layer (3), wherein an elastic layer (2) composed of a plurality of wavy elastic fibers is arranged between the first skin-friendly layer (1) and the second skin-friendly layer (3); the first skin-friendly layer (1), the elastic layer (2) and the second skin-friendly layer (3) are combined and fused into an integrated structure on line; the elastic layer (2) is an integral fiber net structure, and the wave crest of the elastic fiber which is longitudinally arranged is fixedly connected with the wave trough of the elastic fiber which is transversely arranged.

2. The high elastic nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, wherein: the fiber structure of the wavy elastic fiber is a sheath-core structure; the sheath-core structure comprises an inner core (8) and an outer sheath (9), wherein the outer sheath (9) is completely coated at the outer end of the inner core (8), and the ratio of the radius of the inner core (8) to the thickness of the outer sheath (9) is 1:1-9.

3. The high elastic nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, wherein: the fiber structure of the wavy elastic fiber is a parallel structure; the parallel structure comprises a first parallel component (6) and a second parallel component (7), wherein the first parallel component (6) and the second parallel component (7) are combined in parallel, and the volume ratio of the first parallel component (6) to the second parallel component (7) is 1-9:9-1.

4. The high elastic nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, wherein: the surface densities of the elastic layer (2), the first skin-friendly layer (1) and the second skin-friendly layer (3) are all 5-100 g/m ²; in the non-woven fabric, the volume ratio of the elastic layer (2) is 10-80%, the volume ratio of the first skin-friendly layer (1) is 10-80%, and the volume ratio of the second skin-friendly layer (3) is 10-80%.

5. The high elastic nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, wherein: the skin-friendly fabric comprises a first skin-friendly layer (1) and a second skin-friendly layer (3), wherein the first skin-friendly layer and the second skin-friendly layer are made of composite fibers, the fiber structures of the composite fibers are parallel structures, the parallel structures comprise a first parallel component (6) and a second parallel component (7), and the volume ratio of the first parallel component (6) to the second parallel component (7) is 1-9:9-1.

6. The high elastic nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, wherein: the first skin-friendly layer (1) and the second skin-friendly layer (3) are made of composite fiber, the fiber structures of the composite fiber are eccentric structures, the eccentric structures comprise an eccentric inner core (4) and an eccentric outer sheath (5), and the volume ratio of the eccentric inner core (4) to the eccentric outer sheath (5) is 1:2-7; and the eccentric sheath (5) covers 200-360 degrees of the circumference of the eccentric inner core (4).

7. The high elastic nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, wherein: the gram weight of the high-elastic non-woven fabric is 15-300 g/m ², and the thickness is 0.1-7 mm.