CN118826477B - Sliding mode control method and system for Buck circuit - Google Patents
Sliding mode control method and system for Buck circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN118826477B CN118826477B CN202410839785.5A CN202410839785A CN118826477B CN 118826477 B CN118826477 B CN 118826477B CN 202410839785 A CN202410839785 A CN 202410839785A CN 118826477 B CN118826477 B CN 118826477B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from DC input or output
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/44—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于Buck电路的滑模控制方法及系统，属于Buck电路控制设计技术领域，包括：构建由电源、全控器件MOSFET、续流二极管、LC滤波网络和负载构成的Buck电路；基于Buck电路，通过滑模控制，控制每个周期MOSFET器件的导通占空比D，来调整收敛到所述Buck电路的输出电压。本发明通过对Buck电路进行的滑模控制，使得被控制后的Buck电路具有鲁棒性强，动态响应快，超调量小，适应性强的优点，增强了Buck电路的抗干扰能力。
The present invention discloses a sliding mode control method and system for a Buck circuit, which belongs to the technical field of Buck circuit control design, and includes: constructing a Buck circuit composed of a power supply, a fully controlled device MOSFET, a freewheeling diode, an LC filter network and a load; based on the Buck circuit, through sliding mode control, controlling the on-duty ratio D of the MOSFET device in each cycle to adjust the output voltage converged to the Buck circuit. The present invention performs sliding mode control on the Buck circuit, so that the controlled Buck circuit has the advantages of strong robustness, fast dynamic response, small overshoot, and strong adaptability, and enhances the anti-interference ability of the Buck circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of Buck circuit control design, in particular to a sliding mode control method and a sliding mode control system for a Buck circuit.
Background
In order to improve the power efficiency, research on improving the conversion efficiency of a switching power supply is attracting attention. There are two methods to improve the efficiency of the power supply, one is to change the topology of the power supply circuit, and the other is to add corresponding control to the circuit. In the control technology of the switching power supply, common control modes include current mode control, multi-ring control, charge control and single-period control, wherein the current mode control and the multi-ring control are commonly used. Because the electronic product is inevitably influenced by frequent load switching and parameter drift in the actual charging process. For some electronic devices, such as medical devices for detecting weak human body current, the requirements on the power supply are extremely high, the output voltage of the power supply is ensured to be accurate and stable, the power supply returns to a balance point as soon as possible after disturbance, the requirements on the control precision and the anti-interference capability of the output voltage of the Buck circuit are higher, and the ripple problem caused by high-frequency turn-off of a switch is reduced as much as possible, so that the research on the control of the Buck circuit and the improvement on the anti-interference capability of the Buck circuit are very important.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an objective of the present invention is to provide a sliding mode control technique for a Buck circuit to improve the anti-interference capability of the Buck circuit.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the application provides a sliding mode control method for a Buck circuit, which comprises the following steps:
Constructing a Buck circuit consisting of a power supply, a full-control device MOSFET, a freewheeling diode, an LC filter network and a load;
Based on the Buck circuit, the on duty ratio D of the MOSFET device in each period is controlled through sliding mode control, so that the output voltage of the Buck circuit is adjusted.
Preferably, in the process of constructing the Buck circuit, the output voltage ripple of the Buck circuit is less than 0.5%, and the inductance current ripple is less than 5%.
Preferably, in the process of acquiring the inductor current ripple, the inductor current ripple is expressed as:
Wherein D is the duty ratio of PWM, T S is the cycle time, V in is the input voltage, V O is the output voltage, L is the energy storage and release filter inductance, V L is the end voltage of the energy storage and release filter inductance, and T ON is the on time of the switch in a cycle.
Preferably, in the process of acquiring the output voltage ripple, a peak-to-peak value of the output voltage ripple is expressed as:
Wherein DeltaI L is peak-to-peak value in one period of the energy storage and release filter inductor, C is filter capacitor, and S Δ represents charge variation in the filter capacitor in one period
Preferably, in the process of performing slip mode control on the Buck circuit, by determining a slip mode variable, the slip mode surface and the control rate in the slip mode control are designed according to an approaching motion stage attracted to the slip mode surface and a slip mode motion stage converged along the slip mode surface, so that the slip mode control on the Buck circuit is performed.
Preferably, in determining the sliding mode variable, the sliding mode variable is expressed as:
Where u (x) represents a control amount, u + (x) is a control function when the sliding mode variable is greater than 0, and u - (x) is a control function when the sliding mode variable is less than 0.
The invention discloses a sliding mode control system for a Buck circuit, which consists of a power supply, a full-control device MOSFET, a freewheel diode, an LC filter network and a load, and comprises the following components:
And the sliding mode control module is used for controlling the on-duty ratio D of the MOSFET device in each period through sliding mode control based on the Buck circuit so as to adjust the output voltage of the Buck circuit.
Preferably, the output voltage ripple of the Buck circuit is less than 0.5%, and the inductance current ripple is less than 5%;
The inductor current ripple is expressed as:
Wherein D is the duty ratio of PWM, T S is the cycle time, V in is the input voltage, V O is the output voltage, L is the energy storage and release filter inductor, V L is the end voltage of the energy storage and release filter inductor, and T ON is the on time of the switch in a cycle
The peak-to-peak value of the output voltage ripple is expressed as:
Wherein DeltaI L is peak-to-peak value in one period of the energy storage and release filter inductor, C is filter capacitor, and S Δ represents charge variation in the filter capacitor in one period
Preferably, the sliding mode control module is further configured to design a sliding mode surface and a control rate in sliding mode control by determining a sliding mode variable according to an approaching motion stage attracted to the sliding mode surface and a sliding mode motion stage converged along the sliding mode surface, so as to perform sliding mode control on the Buck circuit.
Preferably, the sliding mode control module is further configured to design a control rate sliding mode through a sliding mode variable, expressed as:
Where u (x) represents a control amount, u + (x) is a control function when the sliding mode variable is greater than 0, and u - (x) is a control function when the sliding mode variable is less than 0.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
The invention controls the sliding mode of the Buck circuit, so that the controlled Buck circuit has the advantages of strong robustness, quick dynamic response, small overshoot and strong adaptability, and the anti-interference capability of the Buck circuit is enhanced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a Buck circuit topology according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of capacitive current versus inductive current in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the sliding mode control principle according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the effect of the sliding mode control according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a sliding mode control method for a Buck circuit, which includes the following steps:
Constructing a Buck circuit consisting of a power supply, a full-control device MOSFET, a freewheeling diode, an LC filter network and a load;
Based on the Buck circuit, the on duty ratio D of the MOSFET device in each period is controlled through sliding mode control, so that the output voltage of the Buck circuit is adjusted.
Still preferably, in the sliding mode control method provided by the invention, in a process of constructing the Buck circuit, output voltage ripple of the Buck circuit is less than 0.5%, and inductance current ripple is less than 5%.
Still preferably, in the sliding mode control method provided by the present invention, in a process of obtaining an inductor current ripple, the inductor current ripple is expressed as:
Wherein D is the duty ratio of PWM, T S is the cycle time, V in is the input voltage, V O is the output voltage, L is the energy storage and release filter inductance, V L is the end voltage of the energy storage and release filter inductance, and T ON is the on time of the switch in a cycle
Still preferably, in the sliding mode control method according to the present invention, in the process of obtaining the output voltage ripple, a peak-to-peak value of the output voltage ripple is expressed as:
Wherein ΔI L is the peak-to-peak value in one period of the energy storage and release filter inductor, C is the filter capacitor, and S Δ represents the charge variation in the filter capacitor in one period.
Still preferably, in the sliding mode control method provided by the invention, in the process of performing sliding mode control on the Buck circuit, the sliding mode surface and the control rate in the sliding mode control are designed according to the approaching motion stage attracted to the sliding mode surface and the sliding mode motion stage converged along the sliding mode surface by determining the sliding mode variable, so as to perform sliding mode control on the Buck circuit.
Still preferably, in the sliding mode control method provided by the present invention, in determining a sliding mode variable, the sliding mode variable is expressed as:
Where u (x) represents a control amount, u + (x) is a control function when the sliding mode variable is greater than 0, and u - (x) is a control function when the sliding mode variable is less than 0.
The invention discloses a sliding mode control system for a Buck circuit, which consists of a power supply, a full-control device MOSFET, a freewheel diode, an LC filter network and a load, and comprises the following components:
And the sliding mode control module is used for controlling the on-duty ratio D of the MOSFET device in each period through sliding mode control based on the Buck circuit so as to adjust the output voltage of the Buck circuit.
Further preferably, the output voltage ripple of the Buck circuit of the sliding mode control system disclosed by the invention is less than 0.5%, and the inductance current ripple is less than 5%;
The inductor current ripple is expressed as:
Wherein D is the duty ratio of PWM, T S is the cycle time, V in is the input voltage, V O is the output voltage, L is the energy storage and release filter inductance, V L is the end voltage of the energy storage and release filter inductance, and T ON is the on time of the switch in a cycle
The peak-to-peak value of the output voltage ripple is expressed as:
Wherein ΔI L is the peak-to-peak value in one period of the energy storage and release filter inductor, C is the filter capacitor, and S Δ represents the charge variation in the filter capacitor in one period.
Still preferably, the sliding mode control module of the sliding mode control system disclosed by the invention is further used for designing the sliding mode surface and the control rate in the sliding mode control to perform the sliding mode control on the Buck circuit by determining the sliding mode variable according to the approaching motion stage attracted to the sliding mode surface and the sliding mode motion stage converged along the sliding mode surface.
Still preferably, a sliding mode control module of the sliding mode control system disclosed by the invention is further used for designing a control rate sliding mode through sliding mode variables, and is expressed as:
Where u (x) represents a control amount, u + (x) is a control function when the sliding mode variable is greater than 0, and y - (x) is a control function when the sliding mode variable is less than 0.
Example the Buck circuit is a dc-dc Buck alternating circuit, as shown in fig. 1, and is typically comprised of a power supply, a fully controlled device MOSFET, and a freewheeling diode, an LC filter network, and a load. The output voltage is regulated by controlling the on-duty D of the MOSFET device for each period.
The on and off of the MOSFET switch correspond to two modes respectively, namely, when the MOSFET is on, the freewheeling diode bears the reverse voltage to turn off, and the power supply charges the LC through the switch tube. The inductance is now in the energy storage phase. When the MOSFET is turned off, the input power supply cannot be connected with the output to form a loop, and the inductor is in a discharging state at the moment and supplies power to the load loop through the freewheeling diode. Since the on duty is not 1, the average voltage at the load side is always lower than the input voltage, so that the step-down is realized.
The parameters of the design of the invention are that the input voltage is 60V, the output voltage is 30V, the maximum power is 1kW, the output voltage ripple is less than 0.5%, and the inductance current ripple is less than 5%.
From the maximum power and output voltage:
Wherein R is a load, uo is an output voltage, and P is an output power;
the inductor current is the sum of the capacitor current and the load current:
IL＝IC+IR
wherein, I L is the current passing through the energy storage and release filter inductor, I C is the current passing through the filter capacitor, and I R is the load current;
The capacitive current ripple is approximately equal to the inductive current ripple Δi, which is equal to the inductive rise slope times the rise time, and Δi rises only when the switch is on. And the voltage of the inductor at switch on is V IN-VO:
Wherein D is the duty ratio of PWM, T S is the cycle time, V in is the input voltage, V O is the output voltage, L is the energy storage and release filter inductance, V L is the end voltage of the energy storage and release filter inductance, and T ON is the switch on time in a cycle;
The available L is:
for peak-to-peak Δv C of the output ripple voltage, it is possible to obtain, in combination with the capacitance characteristic equation, that the maximum value of the capacitance change is the area where the current is positive in one cycle:
Wherein DeltaI L is peak-to-peak value in one period of the energy storage and release filter inductor, C is filter capacitor, and S Δ represents charge variation in the filter capacitor in one period
The available C is:
Wherein DeltaV C is the peak-to-peak value of the output ripple voltage;
The relevant parameters can be calculated according to the above equation, as shown in table 1:
Table 1, buck, respective circuit parameters at maximum power p=1 kW
| Specific parameters | Numerical value |
| Load resistance value R | 0.9Ω |
| Inductance value L (neglecting equivalent resistance ESR) | 4.5e-05H |
| Capacitance value C (neglecting equivalent resistance ESR, equivalent inductance ESL) | 1.1213e-04F |
Slip mode control for Buck circuits:
fundamental principle of sliding mode control:
The sliding mode control, known as sliding mode variable structure control, is a nonlinear control for a variable structure system, and is different from a conventional control system in control discontinuity. The Buck converter is a typical variable structure system, and the sliding mode control with discontinuous control is adopted to be exactly corresponding to the on-off modes of the switch. So the sliding mode variable structure control has wide application in Buck converters.
For a single input control system:
where t is a time variable, x is a system variable, and u is a control amount.
The design of the sliding mode controller firstly needs to determine the sliding mode variable s (x), s (x) epsilon R, and seeks the control rule of the system:
Where u (x) represents a control amount, u + (x) is a control function when the sliding mode variable is greater than 0, and y - (x) is a control function when the sliding mode variable is less than 0.
As shown in the figure 3 of the drawings,The sliding mode surface s=0 divides the space into two parts. Regardless of the region in which the system state is located, the system moves toward the slip-form surface. For the above analysis, for a slip-form control system, the motion state can be divided into two parts, one being the approach motion attracted to the slip-form face and the second being the slip-form motion phase converging along the slip-form face. The design of the sliding mode controller is the design of the sliding mode surface and the control rate.
Aiming at the application of the sliding mode variable structure control in the BUCK converter, according to the BUCK topological circuit, under the condition of state space average and considering the uncertainty of the load, an error state equation is as follows:
The RLC is a load, an energy storage and release filter inductor and a filter capacitor in the BUCK circuit respectively, x 1 is an error voltage of the filter capacitor, x 2 is a derivative of x 1, V on is a circuit power supply, d (t) is a constant which changes from 0 to 1, and V ref is a target voltage.
For convenience:
The second-order sliding mode control is selected in the Buck circuit, and the sliding mode surface is designed as follows:
wherein, alpha >0, the derivation of the sliding mode surface equation can be obtained:
Judging the stability and the accessibility:
when the system movement point makes a slip-mode movement from the side where s >0, the following first condition needs to be satisfied:
when the system movement point makes a slip-form movement from the side of s <0, the following second condition needs to be satisfied:
Bonding of And (3) withThe requirement for the point near the switching plane is satisfied:
Stability is the property of the surface of the slide to reach the equilibrium point, and accessibility is the property of reaching the surface of the slide from the initial state. Bonding of With a >0 (Hurwitz criterion), the required slip mode control has reachability and stability that satisfy the following equation: the Hurwitz criterion and the Lyapunov criterion are respectively adopted, and when the Hurwitz criterion and the Lyapunov criterion are simultaneously met, the system is stable and reachable.
According to Lyapunov, if V >0 exists, the method can enableIf true, the system is stable, and the Lyapunov function is set as:
By designing a sliding mode control function according to the above analysis:
Wherein in the switching item The robust term is used for display to overcome time-varying interference.
Can be V >0, can beThe reachability and stability are satisfied, and the stability of the system is ensured according to the Hurwitz and Lyapunov criteria. As shown in FIG. 4, the start response time is reduced to about 27% by sliding mode control, and the start response time is reduced to about 71% by sliding mode control when the system is disturbed by load switching to the average time for system stabilization, and the disturbance quantity is 0.7%.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
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| TW201034363A (en) * | 2009-03-13 | 2010-09-16 | Richtek Technology Corp | Buck-boost power converter and its control method |
| CN104779794A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Nonsingular Terminal Sliding Mode Control Method for Buck Converter with Constant Switching Frequency |
| CN107017768B (en) * | 2017-05-21 | 2019-03-22 | 重庆大学 | Buck converter control system and method based on quasi-optimal sliding formwork control |
| CN108900107B (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2020-09-29 | 东北大学 | Global sliding mode current control method for single Buck-Boost inverter |
| CN111404376B (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2021-07-27 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | A sliding mode control method and system based on Buck circuit |
| CN113472199B (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-09-27 | 易事特集团股份有限公司 | Mode smooth switching method and system of Buck-Boost circuit |
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| CN113410987A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-09-17 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Extreme learning machine-based sliding mode variable structure Buck circuit control method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| Buck 电路的分析及其输出参数的设计;刘丽媗;《嘉应学院学报( 自然科学)》;20160229;第34卷(第2期);第45-48页 * |
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