CN118815450A - A method, system and storage medium for monitoring oil pumping unit operation - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种抽油机工作监测方法、系统及存储介质，涉及抽油机技术领域。所述监测方法包括：采集抽油机的载荷及加速度数据：通过载荷端单元采用定时跟踪法采集抽油机的载荷数据及加速度数据；采集抽油机的振动数据。本发明通过载荷端单元采用定时跟踪法采集抽油机的载荷及加速度数据，同时获取振动数据和实际转速数据，通过分析振动数据与载荷数据和加速度数据之间的相关性，并依据振动数据和实际转速数据对载荷及加速度数据进行处理，获得新载荷数据和位移数据，上位机通过新载荷数据和位移数据绘制功图，以便判断抽油机的工况，减少了振动对载荷端单元所收集数据的影响，以便精确地了解抽油机的运行状态。
The present invention discloses a method, system and storage medium for monitoring the operation of an oil pump, and relates to the technical field of oil pumps. The monitoring method comprises: collecting the load and acceleration data of the oil pump: collecting the load data and acceleration data of the oil pump by a load end unit using a timing tracking method; collecting the vibration data of the oil pump. The present invention collects the load and acceleration data of the oil pump by a load end unit using a timing tracking method, and simultaneously obtains vibration data and actual speed data, analyzes the correlation between the vibration data and the load data and the acceleration data, and processes the load and acceleration data according to the vibration data and the actual speed data, so as to obtain new load data and displacement data, and the upper computer draws a work diagram by the new load data and displacement data, so as to judge the working condition of the oil pump, and reduce the influence of vibration on the data collected by the load end unit, so as to accurately understand the operating status of the oil pump.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及抽油机技术领域，具体为一种抽油机工作监测方法、系统及存储介质。The invention relates to the technical field of oil pumping units, and in particular to an oil pumping unit operation monitoring method, system and storage medium.
背景技术Background Art
抽油机是油田开采中的关键设备，其工作原理是通过电动机带动曲轴旋转，进而通过连杆机构将旋转运动转化为往复直线运动，以抽取原油或天然气，抽油机的工作状况直接影响到石油的产量，对抽油机载荷及位移数据监测是判断抽油机工作状况的重要依据。The oil pump is a key equipment in oil field exploitation. Its working principle is to drive the crankshaft to rotate through an electric motor, and then convert the rotational motion into reciprocating linear motion through a connecting rod mechanism to extract crude oil or natural gas. The working condition of the oil pump directly affects the oil production. Monitoring the load and displacement data of the oil pump is an important basis for judging the working condition of the oil pump.
在对抽油机的抽油机载荷及位移数据开展监测时，抽油机在运行过程中会出现非正常情况，而抽油机在非正常情况会表现出振动异常，振动异常往往预示着设备存在不平衡、松动、磨损等问题，这些问题可能导致油载荷及位移数据不准确，进而导致不准确的载荷及位移数据会使得人员对抽油机工作状况的判断出现错判，为此发明了一种抽油机工作监测方法、系统及存储介质。When monitoring the oil pump load and displacement data of the oil pump, abnormal conditions may occur during the operation of the oil pump, and the oil pump will show abnormal vibration under abnormal conditions. Abnormal vibration often indicates that the equipment has problems such as imbalance, looseness, and wear. These problems may cause inaccurate oil load and displacement data, which in turn may cause personnel to misjudge the working condition of the oil pump. For this reason, a method, system and storage medium for monitoring the working of the oil pump are invented.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种抽油机工作监测方法、系统及存储介质，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。The object of the present invention is to provide a method, system and storage medium for monitoring the operation of an oil pumping unit, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种抽油机工作监测方法，所述监测方法包括：To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for monitoring the operation of an oil pump, the monitoring method comprising:
采集抽油机的载荷及加速度数据：通过载荷端单元采用定时跟踪法采集抽油机的载荷数据及加速度数据；Collecting the load and acceleration data of the pumping unit: using the load end unit to collect the load data and acceleration data of the pumping unit by using the timing tracking method;
采集抽油机的振动数据：通过安装在抽油机上的振动采集器采集抽油机的振动数据；Collecting vibration data of the oil pumping unit: collecting vibration data of the oil pumping unit through a vibration collector installed on the oil pumping unit;
采集抽油机动力机的转速数据：通过安装在抽油机动力机输出端的转速检测仪收集动力机输出端的实际转速数据；Collecting the speed data of the pumping unit power machine: The actual speed data of the power machine output end is collected through the speed detector installed at the output end of the pumping unit power machine;
数据收集：建立用于收集载荷数据及加速度数据、振动数据和实际转速数据的用户端单元；Data collection: Establish a user end unit for collecting load data and acceleration data, vibration data and actual speed data;
数据处理：用户端单元基于抽油机的工作数据，模拟转速检测仪在理论情况下所收集的理论转速数据，获取理论转速数据，理论转速数据和实际转速数据通过对比方法进行对比，获得差异数据，所述差异数据包括差异时间段；Data processing: Based on the working data of the oil pump, the user end unit simulates the theoretical speed data collected by the speed detector under theoretical conditions to obtain the theoretical speed data. The theoretical speed data and the actual speed data are compared by a comparison method to obtain difference data, and the difference data includes a difference time period;
依据差异时间段分别映射并标记振动数据、标记载荷数据和标记加速度数据；Map and mark vibration data, load data and acceleration data according to different time periods;
基于标记振动数据对载荷数据进行一号消除处理，获得处理载荷数据，处理载荷数据对标记载荷数据进行替换并作用在载荷数值中，获取新载荷数据；Performing a number one elimination process on the load data based on the marked vibration data to obtain processed load data, replacing the marked load data with the processed load data and acting on the load value to obtain new load data;
基于标记振动数据对标记加速度数据进行二号消除处理，获得处理加速度数据，处理加速度数据对标记加速度数据进行替换并作用在加速度数据中，获取新加速度数据，依据新加速度数据生成位移数据；Performing a second elimination process on the marked acceleration data based on the marked vibration data to obtain processed acceleration data, replacing the marked acceleration data with the processed acceleration data and acting on the acceleration data to obtain new acceleration data, and generating displacement data based on the new acceleration data;
用户端单元对新载荷数据和位移数据发送给上位机，上位机将接收到的新载荷数据和位移数据进行功图绘制并实时判断抽油机的工况，上位机展示新载荷数据和位移数据。The user end unit sends the new load data and displacement data to the host computer, and the host computer draws a work diagram for the received new load data and displacement data and determines the working condition of the oil pump in real time, and the host computer displays the new load data and displacement data.
更进一步地，数据处理包括，依据时间对载荷数据及加速度数据、振动数据和实际转速数据进行时间对齐，去除数据的异常值；Furthermore, the data processing includes time alignment of the load data and the acceleration data, the vibration data and the actual speed data according to time, and removal of abnormal values of the data;
新加速度数据生成位移数据，对新加速度数据进行二次积分获得位移数据，对新加速度数据进行积分获得速度数据，对速度数据进行积分获得位移数据。The new acceleration data generates displacement data, the new acceleration data is integrated twice to obtain displacement data, the new acceleration data is integrated to obtain velocity data, and the velocity data is integrated to obtain displacement data.
更进一步地，所述对比方法包括，理论转速数据和实际转速数据之间经过时间对齐，以理论转速数据为基本，获取实际转速数据上数值和理论转速数据上数值之间的数值差值，理论转速数据乘以5%-10%，获取参数值，标记数值差值超出参数值的区域和区域的时间段，获得差异时间段。Furthermore, the comparison method includes time alignment between the theoretical speed data and the actual speed data, taking the theoretical speed data as the basis, obtaining the numerical difference between the numerical value on the actual speed data and the numerical value on the theoretical speed data, multiplying the theoretical speed data by 5%-10% to obtain the parameter value, marking the area and time period where the numerical difference exceeds the parameter value, and obtaining the difference time period.
更进一步地，用户端单元对抽油机载荷及加速度数据进行实时数据接收和发送，用户端单元接收在通讯覆盖范围内所采集的抽油机的实时数据，再将实时数据存储后通过用户端单元发送给连入互联网的上位机。Furthermore, the user-end unit receives and sends real-time data of the oil pump load and acceleration data. The user-end unit receives the real-time data of the oil pump collected within the communication coverage area, and then stores the real-time data and sends it to the host computer connected to the Internet through the user-end unit.
更进一步地，一号消除处理包括：利用标记振动数据的振幅和频率信息，计算标记振动数据和标记载荷数据之间的相关性，基于相关性计算并去除标记载荷数据中的振动干扰成分，获得处理载荷数据，Furthermore, the first elimination process includes: using the amplitude and frequency information of the marked vibration data, calculating the correlation between the marked vibration data and the marked load data, calculating and removing the vibration interference component in the marked load data based on the correlation, and obtaining the processed load data,
二号消除处理包括：利用标记振动数据的振幅和频率信息，计算标记振动数据和标记加速度数据之间的相关性，基于相关性计算并去除标记加速度数据中的振动干扰成分，获得处理加速度数据。The second elimination process includes: using the amplitude and frequency information of the marker vibration data to calculate the correlation between the marker vibration data and the marker acceleration data, and calculating and removing the vibration interference component in the marker acceleration data based on the correlation to obtain the processed acceleration data.
更进一步地，所述定时跟踪法包括通过设定半小时至一小时的时间间隔，去启动载荷端单元，载荷端单元持续收集载荷数据及加速度数据，持续的时间段为10—15分钟。Furthermore, the timed tracking method includes starting the load end unit by setting a time interval of half an hour to one hour, and the load end unit continuously collects load data and acceleration data for a period of 10-15 minutes.
更进一步地，Furthermore,
所述定时跟踪法还包括：The timing tracking method also includes:
； ;
其中，为时间集中在Ti的时间段，为Ti时间段采集的数据，为时间集中在Tj的时间段，为Tj时间段采集的数据，为时间集中在Tk的时间段，为Tk时间段采集的数据；in, is the time period concentrated in Ti, The data collected in the Ti time period, is the time period concentrated in Tj, is the data collected in time period Tj, is the time period concentrated in Tk, Data collected for the Tk time period;
为聚合Ti时间段、Tj时间段和Tk时间段所采集的数据，从Ti时间段经过Tj时间段到Tk时间段，为判断Ti时间段经过Tj时间段到Tk时间段所采集的数据是否相同，为在各个时间段所采集数据的函数，单个时间段的时长范围为10—15分钟。 To aggregate the data collected in time periods Ti, Tj, and Tk, from time period Ti through time period Tj to time period Tk, To determine whether the data collected from time period Ti through time period Tj to time period Tk are the same, It is a function of the data collected in each time period, and the duration of a single time period ranges from 10 to 15 minutes.
更进一步地，所述功图绘制，采用如下公式： T；Furthermore, the work diagram is drawn using the following formula: T ;
； ;
； ;
为平面功图， T为绘制平面功图矩阵，T为时间段； is a plane work diagram, T is the matrix for drawing the plane work diagram, and T is the time period;
Zx为集中在单个时间段采集的抽油机的载荷数据，Px为单个时间段采集的抽油机的载荷数据，为集中在单个时间段；Zx is the load data of the pumping unit collected in a single time period, and Px is the load data of the pumping unit collected in a single time period. To focus on a single time period;
Wy为集中在单个时间段采集的抽油机的位移数据，Hy为单个时间段采集的抽油机的位移数值，为集中在单个时间段，x和y为时间段T内的单个时间段的序列号，x=y或x≠y，x和y均为正整数。Wy is the displacement data of the pumping unit collected in a single time period, and Hy is the displacement value of the pumping unit collected in a single time period. To concentrate on a single time period, x and y are the serial numbers of a single time period within time period T, x=y or x≠y, and x and y are both positive integers.
一种抽油机工作监测系统，采用了上述的一种抽油机工作监测方法，所述监测系统包括：A pumping unit operation monitoring system adopts the above-mentioned pumping unit operation monitoring method, and the monitoring system comprises:
数据采集模块：采集抽油机的载荷及加速度数据：通过载荷端单元采用定时跟踪法采集抽油机的载荷数据及加速度数据；Data acquisition module: collects the load and acceleration data of the pumping unit: collects the load data and acceleration data of the pumping unit by using the timing tracking method through the load end unit;
采集抽油机的振动数据：通过安装在抽油机上的振动采集器采集抽油机的振动数据；Collecting vibration data of the oil pumping unit: collecting vibration data of the oil pumping unit through a vibration collector installed on the oil pumping unit;
采集抽油机动力机的转速数据：通过安装在抽油机动力机输出端的转速检测仪收集动力机输出端的实际转速数据；Collecting the speed data of the pumping unit power machine: The actual speed data of the power machine output end is collected through the speed detector installed at the output end of the pumping unit power machine;
数据收集模块；建立用于收集载荷数据及加速度数据、振动数据和实际转速数据的用户端单元；Data collection module; establishing a user end unit for collecting load data and acceleration data, vibration data and actual speed data;
数据处理模块：用户端单元基于抽油机的工作数据，模拟转速检测仪在理论情况下所收集的理论转速数据，获取理论转速数据，理论转速数据和实际转速数据通过对比方法进行对比，获得差异数据，所述差异数据包括差异时间段；Data processing module: The user end unit simulates the theoretical speed data collected by the speed detector under theoretical conditions based on the working data of the oil pump, obtains the theoretical speed data, compares the theoretical speed data with the actual speed data through a comparison method, and obtains difference data, wherein the difference data includes a difference time period;
依据差异时间段分别映射并标记振动数据、标记载荷数据和标记加速度数据；Map and mark vibration data, load data and acceleration data according to different time periods;
基于标记振动数据对载荷数据进行一号消除处理，获得处理载荷数据，处理载荷数据对标记载荷数据进行替换并作用在载荷数值中，获取新载荷数据；Performing a number one elimination process on the load data based on the marked vibration data to obtain processed load data, replacing the marked load data with the processed load data and acting on the load value to obtain new load data;
基于标记振动数据对标记加速度数据进行二号消除处理，获得处理加速度数据，处理加速度数据对标记加速度数据进行替换并作用在加速度数据，获取新加速度数据，依据新加速度数据生成位移数据；Performing a second elimination process on the marked acceleration data based on the marked vibration data to obtain processed acceleration data, replacing the marked acceleration data with the processed acceleration data and acting on the acceleration data to obtain new acceleration data, and generating displacement data based on the new acceleration data;
数据展示模块：用户端单元对新载荷数据和位移数据发送给上位机，上位机将接收到的新载荷数据和位移数据进行功图绘制并实时判断抽油机的工况，上位机展示新载荷数据和位移数据。Data display module: The user end unit sends the new load data and displacement data to the host computer, which draws a work diagram for the received new load data and displacement data and determines the working condition of the pumping unit in real time. The host computer displays the new load data and displacement data.
一种抽油机工作监测用存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被用户端单元执行时实现如上述的一种抽油机工作监测方法。A storage medium for monitoring the operation of an oil pump has a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a user end unit, the above-mentioned method for monitoring the operation of an oil pump is implemented.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
该抽油机工作监测方法、系统及存储介质，通过载荷端单元采用定时跟踪法采集抽油机的载荷及加速度数据，同时获取振动数据和实际转速数据，用户端单元对载荷及加速度数据、振动数据和实际转速数据进行数据处理，通过分析振动数据与载荷数据和加速度数据之间的相关性，并依据振动数据和实际转速数据对载荷及加速度数据进行处理，获得新载荷数据和位移数据，上位机通过新载荷数据和位移数据绘制功图，以便判断抽油机的工况，减少了振动对载荷端单元所收集数据的影响，以便精确地了解抽油机的运行状态。The method, system and storage medium for monitoring the operation of the oil pumping unit adopt a timing tracking method to collect the load and acceleration data of the oil pumping unit, and simultaneously obtain the vibration data and the actual speed data; the user end unit processes the load and acceleration data, the vibration data and the actual speed data, analyzes the correlation between the vibration data and the load data and the acceleration data, and processes the load and acceleration data according to the vibration data and the actual speed data to obtain new load data and displacement data; the upper computer draws a work diagram through the new load data and displacement data to judge the working condition of the oil pumping unit, reduces the influence of vibration on the data collected by the load end unit, and accurately understands the operating status of the oil pumping unit.
同时，通过数据处理的方式，依据实际转速数据和理论转速数据获得差异数据，差异数据中的差异时间段的存在，则说明在差异时间段内，精确地识别出抽油机工作中可能存在的问题时段，依据差异时间段，对载荷数据和加速度数据进行修正，以此减少振动对载荷数据和加速度数据的影响，保证载荷数据和加速度数据表达的准确性，进而以便对抽油机的工况能够准确了解。At the same time, through data processing, difference data is obtained based on the actual speed data and the theoretical speed data. The existence of difference time periods in the difference data indicates that the problem period that may exist in the operation of the oil pump is accurately identified within the difference time period. Based on the difference time period, the load data and acceleration data are corrected to reduce the impact of vibration on the load data and acceleration data, ensure the accuracy of the expression of the load data and acceleration data, and then accurately understand the working condition of the oil pump.
该监测方法通过采集抽油机的载荷、加速度、振动以及动力机转速的多维度数据，实现了对抽油机工作状态的全面监测，这种多角度的数据收集提供了更丰富的信息，有助于更准确地评估抽油机的工作状况，通过标记的振动数据，优化载荷数据和加速度数据，进而生成新的载荷数据和位移数据，该处理能够减少振动干扰对数据准确性的影响，提高数据的可靠性和有效性。This monitoring method realizes comprehensive monitoring of the working status of the oil pump by collecting multi-dimensional data of the oil pump's load, acceleration, vibration and power machine speed. This multi-angle data collection provides richer information and helps to more accurately evaluate the working condition of the oil pump. By marking the vibration data, the load data and acceleration data are optimized, and then new load data and displacement data are generated. This processing can reduce the impact of vibration interference on data accuracy and improve the reliability and effectiveness of the data.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明监测方法的示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring method of the present invention;
图2为本发明监测方法的数据处理图；FIG2 is a data processing diagram of the monitoring method of the present invention;
图3为本发明监测系统的示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring system of the present invention.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
如图1－图3所示，本发明提供一种技术方案：一种抽油机工作监测方法，监测方法包括：As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for monitoring the operation of an oil pump, the monitoring method comprising:
采集抽油机的载荷及加速度数据：通过载荷端单元采用定时跟踪法采集抽油机的载荷数据及加速度数据；Collecting the load and acceleration data of the pumping unit: using the load end unit to collect the load data and acceleration data of the pumping unit by using the timing tracking method;
采集抽油机的振动数据：通过安装在抽油机上的振动采集器采集抽油机的振动数据；Collecting vibration data of the oil pumping unit: collecting vibration data of the oil pumping unit through a vibration collector installed on the oil pumping unit;
采集抽油机动力机的转速数据：通过安装在抽油机动力机输出端的转速检测仪收集动力机输出端的实际转速数据；Collecting the speed data of the pumping unit power machine: The actual speed data of the power machine output end is collected through the speed detector installed at the output end of the pumping unit power machine;
数据收集：建立用于收集载荷数据及加速度数据、振动数据和实际转速数据的用户端单元；Data collection: Establish a user end unit for collecting load data and acceleration data, vibration data and actual speed data;
数据处理：用户端单元基于抽油机的工作数据，模拟转速检测仪在理论情况下所收集的理论转速数据，获取理论转速数据，理论转速数据和实际转速数据通过对比方法进行对比，获得差异数据，差异数据包括差异时间段；Data processing: Based on the working data of the oil pump, the user end unit simulates the theoretical speed data collected by the speed detector under theoretical conditions to obtain the theoretical speed data. The theoretical speed data and the actual speed data are compared by a comparison method to obtain difference data, which includes a difference time period;
依据差异时间段分别映射并标记振动数据、标记载荷数据和标记加速度数据；Map and mark vibration data, load data and acceleration data according to different time periods;
基于标记振动数据对载荷数据进行一号消除处理，获得处理载荷数据，处理载荷数据对标记载荷数据进行替换并作用在载荷数值中，获取新载荷数据；Performing a number one elimination process on the load data based on the marked vibration data to obtain processed load data, replacing the marked load data with the processed load data and acting on the load value to obtain new load data;
基于标记振动数据对标记加速度数据进行二号消除处理，获得处理加速度数据，处理加速度数据对标记加速度数据进行替换并作用在加速度数据中，获取新加速度数据，依据新加速度数据生成位移数据；Performing a second elimination process on the marked acceleration data based on the marked vibration data to obtain processed acceleration data, replacing the marked acceleration data with the processed acceleration data and acting on the acceleration data to obtain new acceleration data, and generating displacement data based on the new acceleration data;
用户端单元对新载荷数据和位移数据发送给上位机，上位机将接收到的新载荷数据和位移数据进行功图绘制并实时判断抽油机的工况，上位机展示新载荷数据和位移数据。The user end unit sends the new load data and displacement data to the host computer, and the host computer draws a work diagram for the received new load data and displacement data and determines the working condition of the oil pump in real time, and the host computer displays the new load data and displacement data.
数据处理包括，依据时间对载荷数据及加速度数据、振动数据和实际转速数据进行时间对齐，去除数据的异常值；Data processing includes time alignment of load data, acceleration data, vibration data and actual speed data according to time, and removal of data outliers;
新加速度数据生成位移数据，对新加速度数据进行二次积分获得位移数据，对新加速度数据进行积分获得速度数据，对速度数据进行积分获得位移数据。The new acceleration data generates displacement data, the new acceleration data is integrated twice to obtain displacement data, the new acceleration data is integrated to obtain velocity data, and the velocity data is integrated to obtain displacement data.
对比方法包括，理论转速数据和实际转速数据之间经过时间对齐，以理论转速数据为基本，获取实际转速数据上数值和理论转速数据上数值之间的数值差值，理论转速数据乘以5%-10%，获取参数值，标记数值差值超出参数值的区域和区域的时间段，获得差异时间段。The comparison method includes: time alignment between the theoretical speed data and the actual speed data, taking the theoretical speed data as the basis, obtaining the numerical difference between the actual speed data and the theoretical speed data, multiplying the theoretical speed data by 5%-10% to obtain the parameter value, marking the area and time period where the numerical difference exceeds the parameter value, and obtaining the difference time period.
用户端单元对抽油机载荷及加速度数据进行实时数据接收和发送，用户端单元接收在通讯覆盖范围内所采集的抽油机的实时数据，再将实时数据存储后通过用户端单元发送给连入互联网的上位机。The user end unit receives and sends real-time data of the pumping unit load and acceleration data. The user end unit receives the real-time data of the pumping unit collected within the communication coverage area, and then stores the real-time data and sends it to the host computer connected to the Internet through the user end unit.
一号消除处理包括：利用标记振动数据的振幅和频率信息，计算标记振动数据和标记载荷数据之间的相关性，基于相关性计算并去除标记载荷数据中的振动干扰成分，获得处理载荷数据，The first elimination process includes: using the amplitude and frequency information of the marked vibration data, calculating the correlation between the marked vibration data and the marked load data, calculating and removing the vibration interference component in the marked load data based on the correlation, and obtaining the processed load data.
二号消除处理包括：利用标记振动数据的振幅和频率信息，计算标记振动数据和标记加速度数据之间的相关性，基于相关性计算并去除标记加速度数据中的振动干扰成分，获得处理加速度数据。The second elimination process includes: using the amplitude and frequency information of the marker vibration data to calculate the correlation between the marker vibration data and the marker acceleration data, and calculating and removing the vibration interference component in the marker acceleration data based on the correlation to obtain the processed acceleration data.
定时跟踪法包括通过设定半小时至一小时的时间间隔，去启动载荷端单元，载荷端单元持续收集载荷数据及加速度数据，持续的时间段为10—15分钟。The timed tracking method includes starting the load end unit by setting a time interval of half an hour to one hour. The load end unit continuously collects load data and acceleration data for a period of 10-15 minutes.
定时跟踪法还包括：The time tracking method also includes:
； ;
其中，为时间集中在Ti的时间段，为Ti时间段采集的数据，为时间集中在Tj的时间段，为Tj时间段采集的数据；为时间集中在Tk的时间段，为Tk时间段采集的数据；in, is the time period concentrated in Ti, The data collected in the Ti time period, is the time period concentrated in Tj, The data collected for the Tj period; is the time period concentrated in Tk, Data collected for the Tk time period;
为聚合Ti时间段、Tj时间段和Tk时间段所采集的数据，从Ti时间段经过Tj时间段到Tk时间段，为判断Ti时间段经过Tj时间段到Tk时间段所采集的数据是否相同，为在各个时间段所采集数据的函数，单个时间段的时长范围为10—15分钟。 To aggregate the data collected in time periods Ti, Tj, and Tk, from time period Ti through time period Tj to time period Tk, To determine whether the data collected from time period Ti through time period Tj to time period Tk are the same, It is a function of the data collected in each time period, and the duration of a single time period ranges from 10 to 15 minutes.
功图绘制，采用如下公式： T；The work diagram is drawn using the following formula: T ;
； ;
； ;
为平面功图， T为绘制平面功图矩阵，T为时间段； is a plane work diagram, T is the matrix for drawing the plane work diagram, and T is the time period;
Zx为集中在单个时间段采集的抽油机的载荷数据，Px为单个时间段采集的抽油机的载荷数据，为集中在单个时间段；Zx is the load data of the pumping unit collected in a single time period, and Px is the load data of the pumping unit collected in a single time period. To focus on a single time period;
Wy为集中在单个时间段采集的抽油机的位移数据，Hy为单个时间段采集的抽油机的位移数值，为集中在单个时间段，x和y为时间段T内的单个时间段的序列号，x=y或x≠y，x和y均为正整数。Wy is the displacement data of the pumping unit collected in a single time period, and Hy is the displacement value of the pumping unit collected in a single time period. To concentrate on a single time period, x and y are the serial numbers of a single time period within time period T, x=y or x≠y, and x and y are both positive integers.
一种抽油机工作监测系统，采用了上述的一种抽油机工作监测方法，监测系统包括：A pumping unit operation monitoring system adopts the above-mentioned pumping unit operation monitoring method, and the monitoring system comprises:
数据采集模块：采集抽油机的载荷及加速度数据：通过载荷端单元采用定时跟踪法采集抽油机的载荷数据及加速度数据；Data acquisition module: collects the load and acceleration data of the pumping unit: collects the load data and acceleration data of the pumping unit by using the timing tracking method through the load end unit;
采集抽油机的振动数据：通过安装在抽油机上的振动采集器采集抽油机的振动数据；Collecting vibration data of the oil pumping unit: collecting vibration data of the oil pumping unit through a vibration collector installed on the oil pumping unit;
采集抽油机动力机的转速数据：通过安装在抽油机动力机输出端的转速检测仪收集动力机输出端的实际转速数据；Collecting the speed data of the pumping unit power machine: The actual speed data of the power machine output end is collected through the speed detector installed at the output end of the pumping unit power machine;
数据收集模块；建立用于收集载荷数据及加速度数据、振动数据和实际转速数据的用户端单元；Data collection module; establishing a user end unit for collecting load data and acceleration data, vibration data and actual speed data;
数据处理模块：用户端单元基于抽油机的工作数据，模拟转速检测仪在理论情况下所收集的理论转速数据，获取理论转速数据，理论转速数据和实际转速数据通过对比方法进行对比，获得差异数据，差异数据包括差异时间段；Data processing module: The user end unit simulates the theoretical speed data collected by the speed detector under theoretical conditions based on the working data of the oil pump, obtains the theoretical speed data, compares the theoretical speed data with the actual speed data through a comparison method, and obtains difference data, which includes a difference time period;
依据差异时间段分别映射并标记振动数据、标记载荷数据和标记加速度数据；Map and mark vibration data, load data and acceleration data according to different time periods;
基于标记振动数据对载荷数据进行一号消除处理，获得处理载荷数据，处理载荷数据对标记载荷数据进行替换并作用在载荷数值中，获取新载荷数据；Performing a number one elimination process on the load data based on the marked vibration data to obtain processed load data, replacing the marked load data with the processed load data and acting on the load value to obtain new load data;
基于标记振动数据对标记加速度数据进行二号消除处理，获得处理加速度数据，处理加速度数据对标记加速度数据进行替换并作用在加速度数据，获取新加速度数据，依据新加速度数据生成位移数据。Based on the marked vibration data, the marked acceleration data is subjected to a second elimination process to obtain processed acceleration data, the processed acceleration data replaces the marked acceleration data and acts on the acceleration data to obtain new acceleration data, and displacement data is generated according to the new acceleration data.
数据展示模块：用户端单元对新载荷数据和位移数据发送给上位机，上位机将接收到的新载荷数据和位移数据进行功图绘制并实时判断抽油机的工况，上位机展示新载荷数据和位移数据。Data display module: The user end unit sends the new load data and displacement data to the host computer, which draws a work diagram for the received new load data and displacement data and determines the working condition of the pumping unit in real time. The host computer displays the new load data and displacement data.
一种抽油机工作监测用存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被用户端单元执行时实现上述的一种抽油机工作监测方法。抽油机是一种大型机械设备，其运行状态直接关系到生产安全，通过测量油载荷及加速度数据，通过加速度数据可获得位移数据，通过载荷和加速度可以及时发现并处理可能存在的安全隐患，确保生产过程的顺利进行。A storage medium for monitoring the operation of an oil pumping unit is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a user end unit, the above-mentioned method for monitoring the operation of an oil pumping unit is implemented. The oil pumping unit is a large-scale mechanical equipment, and its operating state is directly related to production safety. By measuring the oil load and acceleration data, displacement data can be obtained through the acceleration data. Through the load and acceleration, possible safety hazards can be discovered and handled in time to ensure the smooth progress of the production process.
整个抽油机工作状态监测系统的工作流程为：在载荷端单元进行现场安装时使其进入配置模式，根据其所安装的抽油机和油田生产规则对载荷端单元的地址等参数进行配置，载荷端单元进入正常工作模式，进入工作模式后为了满足低功耗和系统实时性的要求，载荷端单元每小时自动苏醒一次进行数据采集，数据采集时间持续设定时间，在数据采集后进入低功耗休眠模式，载荷端单元采集到的载荷数据及加速度数据，振动采集器和载荷端单元同步安装，振动采集器收集振动数据，转速检测仪收集动力机的实际转速数据，之后通过无线通讯模块发送给用户端单元，用户端单元在接收实时数据之后进行存储数据再传输给连入互联网的上位机，上位机接收并处理载荷数据及加速度数据、振动数据和实际转速数据，从而使抽油机实时处于检测之中，油田抽油机的监管人员通过上位机能够及时了解抽油机的工况，对于出现的小问题及早发现，避免问题发生，同时减少了人工巡视次数，提高了油田的自动化和信息化水平，起到降低油田生产成本，方便油田管理，提高生产效率的积极影响。The working process of the whole pumping unit working status monitoring system is as follows: when the load end unit is installed on site, it enters the configuration mode, and configures the address and other parameters of the load end unit according to the pumping unit installed and the oil field production rules. The load end unit enters the normal working mode. After entering the working mode, in order to meet the requirements of low power consumption and system real-time performance, the load end unit automatically wakes up once an hour to collect data. The data collection time lasts for the set time. After data collection, it enters the low-power sleep mode. The load end unit collects load data and acceleration data. The vibration collector and the load end unit are installed synchronously. The vibration collector collects vibration data. The speed detector The actual speed data of the power machine is collected and then sent to the user-end unit through the wireless communication module. After receiving the real-time data, the user-end unit stores the data and then transmits it to the host computer connected to the Internet. The host computer receives and processes the load data, acceleration data, vibration data and actual speed data, so that the pump is under detection in real time. The supervisors of the oil field pumps can timely understand the working conditions of the pumps through the host computer, discover small problems as early as possible and avoid them. At the same time, the number of manual inspections is reduced, the automation and information level of the oil field is improved, and the positive impact of reducing the production cost of the oil field, facilitating oil field management, and improving production efficiency is achieved.
对新加速度数据进行两次积分，进而可获得抽油机的抽油机光杆的位移数据，针对定时跟踪法，通过时间集中在Ti的时间段以及Ti时间段采集的数据，时间集中在Tj的时间段以及Tj时间段采集的数据，时间集中在Tk的时间段以及Tk时间段采集的数据，对三个相邻时间段的数据进行采集，再判断Ti时间段经过Tj时间段到Tk时间段所采集的数据是否相同，实现了定时监测或监控，以此检测数据是否出现问题，在判断Ti时间段经过Tj时间段到Tk时间段所采集的数据不相同时，则说明抽油机的工况出现问题。The new acceleration data is integrated twice to obtain the displacement data of the bare rod of the oil pumping unit. For the timing tracking method, data from the time period concentrated in Ti and the data collected in the Ti time period, the time period concentrated in Tj and the data collected in the Tj time period, and the time period concentrated in Tk and the data collected in the Tk time period are collected. Then, it is determined whether the data collected from the Ti time period through the Tj time period to the Tk time period are the same, thereby realizing timing monitoring or supervision to detect whether there is a problem with the data. When it is determined that the data collected from the Ti time period through the Tj time period to the Tk time period are not the same, it indicates that there is a problem with the working condition of the oil pump.
用户端单元对抽油机载荷及位移数据进行实时数据接收和发送，用户端单元接收在其通讯覆盖范围内所采集的抽油机的实时数据，再将实时数据存储后通过用户端单元发送给连入互联网的上位机。The user end unit receives and sends real-time data of the pumping unit load and displacement data. The user end unit receives the real-time data of the pumping unit collected within its communication coverage area, and then stores the real-time data and sends it to the host computer connected to the Internet through the user end unit.
载荷端单元通过内部的载荷和加速度传感器分别采集抽油机的载荷及加速度数据，中央处理单元来进行数据处理，获得抽油机的载荷数据及加速度数据，再将处理好的数据通过无线通信模块发送给用户端单元，采集抽油机的载荷数据及加速度数据、采集抽油机的振动数据和采集抽油机电机的电流数据时，同时会记录下时间，之后在数据处理时，先使得载荷数据及加速度。数据、振动数据和实际转速数据进行时间对齐，以便后续对数据的处理。The load end unit collects the load and acceleration data of the oil pump through the internal load and acceleration sensors, and the central processing unit processes the data to obtain the load data and acceleration data of the oil pump, and then sends the processed data to the user end unit through the wireless communication module. When collecting the load data and acceleration data of the oil pump, collecting the vibration data of the oil pump, and collecting the current data of the oil pump motor, the time will be recorded at the same time. Later, when processing the data, the load data and acceleration data, vibration data and actual speed data are first time-aligned for subsequent data processing.
动力机安装在抽油机中，为抽油机的运行提供动力，转速检测仪检测动力机输出端转速数据，动力机的输出端持续转动，通过抽油机中的传动机构，控制抽油机上的深井泵进行工作，动力机输出端的转速数据直接影响到深井泵的运行情况，同时深井泵在运行过程中出现的停顿，会直接影响到动力机输出端的转速数据，在抽油机运行过程中，动力机的输出端控制抽油机运动，首先依据抽油机的工作数据，建立抽油机在理论下的理论转速数据，理论转速数据和实际转速数据之间经过时间对齐，以理论转速数据为基本，获取实际转速数据上数值和理论转速数据上数值之间的数值差值，理论转速数据乘以5%-10%，获取参数值，标记数值差值超出参数值的区域和区域的时间段，获得差异时间段，差异时间段则说明在时间段内抽油机出现非正常情况，因此差异时间段会作为后续对载荷数据和加速度数据修正的参考时间段。The power machine is installed in the oil pumping unit to provide power for the operation of the oil pumping unit. The speed detector detects the speed data of the output end of the power machine. The output end of the power machine rotates continuously. Through the transmission mechanism in the oil pumping unit, the deep well pump on the oil pumping unit is controlled to work. The speed data at the output end of the power machine directly affects the operation of the deep well pump. At the same time, the pause of the deep well pump during operation will directly affect the speed data at the output end of the power machine. During the operation of the oil pumping unit, the output end of the power machine controls the movement of the oil pumping unit. First, based on the working data of the oil pumping unit, the theoretical speed data of the oil pumping unit is established in theory. The theoretical speed data and the actual speed data are aligned in time. Based on the theoretical speed data, the numerical difference between the actual speed data and the theoretical speed data is obtained. The theoretical speed data is multiplied by 5%-10% to obtain the parameter value, and the area and time period where the numerical difference exceeds the parameter value are marked to obtain the difference time period. The difference time period indicates that the oil pump has an abnormal situation within the time period. Therefore, the difference time period will be used as a reference time period for subsequent correction of load data and acceleration data.
载荷端单元每小时自动苏醒一次进行数据采集，数据采集时间持续10—15min，在数据采集后进入低功耗休眠模式，振动数据和转速检测仪同理，保证能够同步采集数据，载荷端单元内部具有的无线通信模块发送给用户端单元，所述载荷端单元将采集到的载荷及加速度数据，再通过载荷端单元内的无线通讯模块发送给所述用户端单元，用户端单元在接收实时数据之后进行数据存储，再通过用户端单元发送给连入互联网的上位机所述用户端单元对抽油机载荷及位移数据进行实时数据接收和发送。The load end unit automatically wakes up once every hour to collect data, and the data collection time lasts for 10-15 minutes. After data collection, it enters low-power sleep mode. The same is true for vibration data and speed detectors to ensure synchronous data collection. The wireless communication module inside the load end unit sends it to the user end unit. The load end unit sends the collected load and acceleration data to the user end unit through the wireless communication module inside the load end unit. After receiving the real-time data, the user end unit stores the data and then sends it to the host computer connected to the Internet through the user end unit. The user end unit receives and sends real-time data on the load and displacement data of the oil pump.
实施例一：载荷端单元内部安装有惠斯通电桥电路，Ｕ形体两侧的直梁段为形变感应区，在形变感应区中安装有４个应变片，电桥电路的４个电阻由应变片组成，当载荷传感器承受所测量的抽油机载荷值时，安装在形变感应区的应变片发生形变，从而使电桥电路的电阻值发生变化，打破电桥的平衡状态，使变送器输出值随载荷值的改变而改变。Embodiment 1: A Wheatstone bridge circuit is installed inside the load end unit. The straight beam sections on both sides of the U-shaped body are deformation sensing areas. Four strain gauges are installed in the deformation sensing areas. The four resistors of the bridge circuit are composed of strain gauges. When the load sensor is subjected to the measured load value of the oil pump, the strain gauges installed in the deformation sensing area are deformed, thereby changing the resistance value of the bridge circuit, breaking the balance state of the bridge, and causing the transmitter output value to change with the change of the load value.
抽油机在运行会产生振动，振动可能导致载荷端单元所接收数据时会产生误差信号或干扰信号，这会降低传感器的测量精度，不同频率和振幅的振动对传感器的稳定性有不同程度的影响，高频振动可能引入噪声干扰或增大测量偏差，而低频振动可能导致传感器稳定性下降，引起输出信号漂移，通过测量载荷数据，可以实时监测抽油杆在上下冲程中的受力情况，及时发现并处理如抽油泵漏失、杆管断脱等故障，确保抽油机能够持续、稳定地运行，振动采集器随载荷端单元一起安装在与抽油机光杆相连接的悬绳器上，进而可实现收集载荷端单元的振动情况，因此需要通过振动数据对载荷数据进行消除处理，以此消除抽油机的振动对载荷数据及位移数据的影响，从而使得载荷数据和位移数据能够良好地表示抽油机的工况，振动采集器的位置和载荷端单元的位置集中在同一位置，以便振动采集器所采集振动数据能够便于后续对载荷端单元所收集的一号原始数据进行处理。The oil pump will generate vibration during operation. The vibration may cause error signals or interference signals when the load end unit receives the data, which will reduce the measurement accuracy of the sensor. Vibrations of different frequencies and amplitudes have different degrees of influence on the stability of the sensor. High-frequency vibration may introduce noise interference or increase measurement deviation, while low-frequency vibration may cause the sensor stability to decrease and cause output signal drift. By measuring the load data, the force of the sucker rod in the up and down strokes can be monitored in real time, and faults such as pump leakage and rod and tube breakage can be discovered and handled in time to ensure that the oil pump can operate continuously and stably. The vibration collector is installed on the rope hanger connected to the oil pump rod together with the load end unit, so as to collect the vibration of the load end unit. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate the load data through the vibration data to eliminate the influence of the vibration of the oil pump on the load data and displacement data, so that the load data and displacement data can well represent the working condition of the oil pump. The position of the vibration collector and the position of the load end unit are concentrated in the same position, so that the vibration data collected by the vibration collector can facilitate the subsequent processing of the No. 1 raw data collected by the load end unit.
计算标记振动数据和标记载荷数据之间的相关性，选择合适的相关性分析方法，如皮尔逊相关系数、斯皮尔曼等级相关系数等，这些方法可以量化两个变量之间的线性关系强度，进而根据振动数据的特性，从标记载荷数据中分离并去除与振动相关的干扰成分，获得处理载荷数据，处理载荷数据对标记载荷数据进行替换，使得处理载荷数据替代标记载荷数据在载荷数据中的原本位置，进而获得新载荷数据。Calculate the correlation between the marked vibration data and the marked load data, and select appropriate correlation analysis methods, such as the Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman rank correlation coefficient, etc. These methods can quantify the strength of the linear relationship between the two variables, and then separate and remove the interference components related to vibration from the marked load data according to the characteristics of the vibration data to obtain the processed load data. The processed load data replaces the marked load data so that the processed load data replaces the original position of the marked load data in the load data, thereby obtaining new load data.
实施例二：本文使用通过对加速度信号的计算求出位移的方法，载荷端单元内部安装了加速度芯片，载荷端单元安装在与抽油机光杆相连接的悬绳器上，随着抽油机光杆一起运动，其测得的加速度即为光杆的加速度，通过对加速度信号进行二次积分便可测得抽油机光杆的位移，但在运行过程中，运行过程中的振动会对加速度信号的收集产生影响。Embodiment 2: This article uses a method of calculating the displacement by calculating the acceleration signal. An acceleration chip is installed inside the load end unit, and the load end unit is installed on a rope hanger connected to the oil pump rod. The load end unit moves with the oil pump rod, and the measured acceleration is the acceleration of the rod. The displacement of the oil pump rod can be measured by performing a secondary integration of the acceleration signal. However, during operation, the vibration during operation will affect the collection of the acceleration signal.
振动采集器通过设置在其内部的传感器采集抽油机在运行过程中的振动数据，将振动数据传递到用户端单元；计算标记振动数据和标记加速度数据之间的相关性，选择合适的相关性分析方法，如皮尔逊相关系数、斯皮尔曼等级相关系数等，这些方法可以量化两个变量之间的线性关系强度，进而根据振动数据的特性，从标记加速度数据中分离并去除与振动相关的干扰成分，获得处理加速度数据，处理加速度数据对标记加速度数据进行替换，使得处理加速度数据替代标记加速度数据在载荷数据中的原本位置，进而获得新加速度数据，对新加速度数据进行两次积分获得位移数据，通过载荷端单元采用定时跟踪法采集抽油机的载荷及加速度数据，同时获取振动数据和实际转速数据，用户端单元对载荷及加速度数据、振动数据和实际转速数据进行数据处理，通过分析振动数据与载荷数据和加速度数据之间的相关性，并依据振动数据和实际转速数据对载荷及加速度数据进行处理，获得新载荷数据和位移数据，上位机通过新载荷数据和位移数据绘制功图，以便判断抽油机的工况，减少了振动对载荷端单元所收集数据的影响，以便精确地了解抽油机的运行状态。The vibration collector collects the vibration data of the oil pump during operation through the sensors installed inside it, and transmits the vibration data to the user end unit; calculates the correlation between the marked vibration data and the marked acceleration data, and selects appropriate correlation analysis methods, such as the Pearson correlation coefficient, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient, etc. These methods can quantify the linear relationship strength between the two variables, and then separate and remove the interference components related to vibration from the marked acceleration data according to the characteristics of the vibration data, and obtain the processed acceleration data. The processed acceleration data replaces the marked acceleration data, so that the processed acceleration data replaces the original position of the marked acceleration data in the load data, and then obtains the new acceleration data. The new acceleration data is integrated twice to obtain displacement data, the load and acceleration data of the oil pump are collected by the load end unit using a timed tracking method, and the vibration data and actual speed data are obtained at the same time. The user end unit processes the load and acceleration data, vibration data and actual speed data, and obtains new load data and displacement data by analyzing the correlation between the vibration data and the load data and the acceleration data, and processing the load and acceleration data according to the vibration data and the actual speed data. The upper computer draws a work diagram through the new load data and displacement data to determine the working condition of the oil pump, reducing the impact of vibration on the data collected by the load end unit, so as to accurately understand the operating status of the oil pump.
通过数据处理的方式，依据实际转速数据和理论转速数据获得差异数据，差异数据中的差异时间段的存在，则说明在差异时间段内，精确地识别出抽油机工作中可能存在的问题时段，依据差异时间段，对载荷数据和加速度数据进行修正，以此减少振动对载荷数据和加速度数据的影响，保证载荷数据和加速度数据表达的准确性，进而以便对抽油机的工况能够准确了解，通过采集抽油机的载荷、加速度、振动以及动力机转速的多维度数据，实现了对抽油机工作状态的全面监测，这种多角度的数据收集提供了更丰富的信息，有助于更准确地评估抽油机的工作状况，通过标记的振动数据，优化载荷数据和加速度数据，进而生成新的载荷数据和位移数据，该处理能够减少振动干扰对数据准确性的影响，提高数据的可靠性和有效性。By means of data processing, difference data is obtained based on actual speed data and theoretical speed data. The existence of difference time periods in the difference data indicates that the problem period that may exist in the operation of the oil pump is accurately identified within the difference time period. According to the difference time period, the load data and acceleration data are corrected to reduce the impact of vibration on the load data and acceleration data, and ensure the accuracy of the expression of the load data and acceleration data, so as to accurately understand the working condition of the oil pump. By collecting multi-dimensional data of the load, acceleration, vibration and power machine speed of the oil pump, comprehensive monitoring of the working status of the oil pump is achieved. This multi-angle data collection provides richer information and helps to more accurately evaluate the working condition of the oil pump. Through the marked vibration data, the load data and acceleration data are optimized, and then new load data and displacement data are generated. This processing can reduce the impact of vibration interference on data accuracy and improve the reliability and effectiveness of the data.
功图是平面矩阵的功图，通过某个时间段内的相同时刻采集的抽油机的载荷数据和抽油机的位移数据，以及某个时间段内不同时刻采集的抽油机的载荷数据和抽油机的位移数据，形成平面功图矩阵以绘制平面功图，通过工图能够实现对抽油机工况的了解，通过观察和分析功图的形状、大小和变化趋势，上位机可以实时判断抽油机的工作状态，当上位机检测到功图出现异常时，可以发出预警信号，通知操作人员及时检查并处理潜在问题。The power diagram is a plane matrix power diagram. The load data and displacement data of the oil pumping unit collected at the same time in a certain time period, as well as the load data and displacement data of the oil pumping unit collected at different times in a certain time period, are used to form a plane power diagram matrix to draw the plane power diagram. The working condition of the oil pumping unit can be understood through the power diagram. By observing and analyzing the shape, size and change trend of the power diagram, the host computer can judge the working status of the oil pumping unit in real time. When the host computer detects an abnormality in the power diagram, it can issue a warning signal to notify the operator to check and deal with potential problems in time.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附实施例及其等同物限定。Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is limited by the attached embodiments and their equivalents.
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