Prestress double-T plate positioning and mounting process and construction device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering construction, and particularly relates to a pre-stress double-T-plate positioning and mounting process and a construction device.
Background
In the field of constructional engineering, the prestressed concrete double-T plate is used as an important prefabricated member, has high bearing capacity and high earthquake resistance because of unique structural form (consisting of two upper wings and one lower wing, similar to a letter 'T'), and is widely applied to floor slabs, roofs and large-span structures of single-layer, multi-layer and high-rise buildings.
In the prior art, the installation of the double-T plate is mainly adjusted by a crane and a person, but in some special cases, the suspension arm of the crane cannot accurately move the prestressed double-T plate to a designated position (such as the case in fig. 1), and a constructor cannot transversely provide a pulling force, so that the construction difficulty and the safety risk are increased.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new pre-stress double-T plate positioning and installing process and a construction device to solve the technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a prestress double-T plate positioning and mounting process and a construction device; the problem that the existing prestress double-T plate cannot transversely provide tension in positioning and mounting is solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The construction device of the prestressed double-T plate comprises a guide mechanism and a crane, wherein a lifting rope is arranged on a lifting hook of the crane and is connected with lifting rings on the prestressed double-T plate, and the crane places two ends of the prestressed double-T plate on supporting beams on two sides through the lifting rope; the lifting device comprises a support beam, a lifting rod, a driving assembly, a transmission assembly and a lifting rod, wherein a group of guide mechanisms are respectively arranged on the support beam on two sides, the guide mechanisms comprise a fixing frame, the rotating frame and the lifting rod are detachably arranged on the support beam, the rotating frame is rotationally arranged on the fixing frame, the lifting rod is slidingly inserted on the rotating frame along the vertical direction, the driving assembly is arranged on the fixing frame and drives the rotating frame to rotate through the driving assembly, the transmission assembly is arranged between the rotating frame and the lifting rod, the lifting rod is driven to lift through the transmission assembly when the rotating frame rotates, a movable pulley is slidably arranged on the lifting rod, and the movable pulley is connected with a lifting rope through a steel wire rope.
Further, four corners of the upper end face of the pre-stress double-T plate are respectively fixedly provided with a hanging ring.
Further, the fixing frame is of an L-shaped rod-shaped structure and comprises a vertical section and a horizontal section, and the upper end of the vertical section is fixedly connected with one end of the horizontal section; a vertical first chute is arranged on the inner side surface of the vertical section of the fixing frame, a vertical hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged in the first chute, and a clamping jaw is fixedly arranged at the end part of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder.
Further, an upper ear plate and a lower ear plate are fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the vertical section of the fixing frame; one end of the rotating frame is rotatably arranged between the upper ear plate and the lower ear plate.
Further, the driving assembly comprises an air cylinder and a first deflector rod; an action hole with an opening at the lower end is arranged at the lower end face of the rotating frame, the action hole is positioned at the rotating axis of the rotating frame, and a spiral groove is arranged on the inner wall of the action hole; an air cylinder is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the vertical section of the fixing frame, and a piston rod of the air cylinder vertically upwards penetrates through the lug plate on the lower side and then stretches into the action hole of the rotating frame; a first deflector rod is fixedly arranged on a piston rod of the air cylinder and extends into the spiral groove of the action hole.
Further, the transmission assembly comprises a crawler wheel, a crawler belt, a sector plate, a second deflector rod and a supporting rod; the upper end face of the rotating frame is provided with a mounting groove, a plurality of crawler wheels are rotatably arranged in the mounting groove along the extending direction of the mounting groove, and the outer sides of the crawler wheels are in transmission sleeve joint with the same crawler; a vertical second deflector rod is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the crawler belt; a horizontal sector plate is fixedly arranged at the lug plate at the upper side, an arc groove is fixedly arranged at the lower end surface of the sector plate, and the circle center of the arc groove is positioned between the crawler wheels at the two ends; the upper end of the second deflector rod is inserted into the circular arc groove at the lower end of the sector plate.
Further, the lifting rod is of an L-shaped rod structure and comprises a vertical rod and a horizontal rod, and the vertical rod and the horizontal rod are of square rod structures; the upper end of the vertical rod is fixedly connected with one end of the horizontal rod, the horizontal rod is positioned above the rotating frame, and the horizontal rod is parallel to the rotating frame; one end of the rotating frame, which is far away from the two lug plates, is provided with a square inserting hole which is penetrated up and down, and a vertical rod of the lifting rod is inserted into the inserting hole of the rotating frame in a sliding way; the outer side face of the crawler belt is also rotatably provided with a supporting rod, the lower end of the supporting rod is hinged with the crawler belt, and the upper end of the supporting rod is hinged with the lower end face of the horizontal rod of the lifting rod.
Further, a second chute is arranged at the upper end face of the horizontal rod of the lifting rod, and the second chute extends along the length direction of the horizontal rod; the sliding block and the reset spring are arranged in the second sliding groove, one end of the reset spring is connected with the sliding block, and the other end of the reset spring is connected with one end, far away from the vertical rod, of the second sliding groove.
Further, the rotating shaft of the movable pulley is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the sliding block, a fixed block is fixedly arranged at one end, close to the vertical rod, of the upper end face of the horizontal rod of the lifting rod, one end of the driving pull rope is fixedly arranged on the fixed block, and the other end of the driving pull rope extends towards one side of the vertical rod after bypassing the movable pulley; one end of the steel wire rope far away from the lifting rope the rotating shaft of the movable pulley is connected;
Furthermore, the positioning and mounting process of the construction device adopting the prestress double-T plate comprises the following steps,
Step one: the piston rod of the control cylinder extends upwards, the piston rod of the cylinder drives the first deflector rod to move upwards, and the first deflector rod is matched with the spiral groove, so that the rotating frame is driven to rotate outwards for 120 degrees around the rotating axis of the rotating frame; the rotating frame drives the second deflector rod to synchronously rotate in the process of outwards rotating, and as the second deflector rod is inserted into the circular arc groove, when the second deflector rod rotates along with the rotating frame, the second deflector rod simultaneously slides in the circular arc groove, the second deflector rod drives the crawler belt to act, the crawler belt drives all crawler belt wheels to simultaneously rotate, and the crawler belt drives the lower end of the supporting rod to move in the process of acting, so that the supporting rod upwards rotates relative to the rotating frame, the upper end of the supporting rod upwards moves, and the lifting rod is driven to upwards slide in the inserting hole of the rotating frame, namely the lifting rod is driven to synchronously rise in the process of outwards rotating the rotating frame; when the rotating frame rotates, the lifting rod also stops lifting, and at the moment, the lifting rod drives the movable pulley, the driving pull rope and the steel wire rope to lift to a specified height;
Step two: the crane is moved to a designated station, then the lifting ropes on the crane are respectively fixed on the lifting rings at four corners of the prestressed double-T plate, then the prestressed double-T plate is lifted to a designated position, a worker stands at the supporting beam, and the lifting ropes are connected with the movable pulleys through steel wire ropes;
Step three: at this moment, constructors pull the active stay cord, and the active stay cord drives the movable pulley to compress the reset spring, so that the prestressed double-T plate moves towards a position far away from the construction station, and after the prestressed double-T plate is positioned, the constructors selectively pull the steel wire ropes according to the position of the prestressed double-T plate, so that the prestressed double-T plate moves to a designated position, and the prestressed double-T plate is finally positioned.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) Accurate positioning and efficient installation: the device can realize the accurate positioning of the pre-stress double-T plate through the precise mechanical structural design, in particular to a transmission assembly between the rotating frame and the lifting rod as well as between the rotating frame and the supporting rod. In the hoisting process, even if one end faces construction environment limitation, if one end cannot be flush with a construction position, balance adjustment can be realized by moving the movable pulley and the lifting rope, accurate positioning of the double T plates is ensured, the installation efficiency and accuracy are greatly improved, and the tension is reduced due to the design of the movable pulley, so that the labor-saving effect is realized.
(2) Enhanced stability and safety: the anti-skid rubber layer covered on the inner side of the clamping jaw in the device effectively increases the friction force when contacting with the pre-stress double-T plate, prevents sliding or falling off in the clamping and moving processes, and remarkably improves the stability and safety in the construction process. Meanwhile, the hydraulic cylinder provides stable clamping force, so that the stability of the double T-shaped plate in the hoisting and positioning processes is further ensured.
(3) Flexible regulation and strong adaptability: the first deflector rod is driven to slide in the spiral groove through the air cylinder, so that the rotating frame flexibly rotates, and the lifting rod can be driven to lift up when the rotating frame rotates through the mutual cooperation of the transmission components, so that the lifting rod is suitable for the requirements of different installation angles and positions. The design enables the device to have stronger adaptability and flexibility in complex and changeable construction environments.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention when installed;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a guide mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the engagement between the first lever and the helical groove;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a circular arc groove;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure between the movable pulley and the active pull rope, and between the movable pulley and the active pull rope;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the lifter;
Wherein 1 is a fixing frame; 2 is a hydraulic cylinder; 3 is a clamping jaw; 4 is a rotating frame; 5 is a lifting rod; 6 is a supporting beam; 7 is an active pull rope; 8 is a movable pulley; 9 is a prestressed double-T plate; 10 is a crane; 11 is a lifting rope; 12 is a steel wire rope; 21 is an ear plate; 22 is a cylinder; 23 is a first toggle lever; 24 is an action hole; 25 is a spiral groove; 31 is a track; 32 is a second toggle lever; 33 is a sector plate; 34 is a circular arc groove; 35 is a supporting rod; 41 is a return spring; 42 is a slider; 43 is a fixed block.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail by combining the embodiments and the drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The following describes the technical scheme of the present invention in detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the invention provides a construction device of a pre-stress double-T plate, which comprises a guiding mechanism and a crane 10, wherein a lifting rope 11 is arranged on a lifting hook of the crane 10, the lifting rope 11 is connected with lifting rings on the pre-stress double-T plate 9, and the crane 10 places two ends of the pre-stress double-T plate 9 on supporting beams 6 on two sides through the lifting rope 11; the lifting device comprises a support beam 6 on two sides, a group of guide mechanisms are respectively arranged on the support beam 6 on two sides, each guide mechanism comprises a fixing frame 1, a rotating frame 4 and a lifting rod 5, the fixing frame 1 is detachably arranged on the support beam 6, the rotating frame 4 is rotationally arranged on the fixing frame 1, the lifting rods 5 are slidingly inserted on the rotating frame 4 along the vertical direction, a driving assembly is arranged on the fixing frame 1, the rotating frame 4 is driven to rotate through the driving assembly, a transmission assembly is arranged between the rotating frame 4 and the lifting rods 5, the lifting rods 5 are driven to lift through the transmission assembly when the rotating frame 4 rotates, a movable pulley 8 is slidingly arranged on the lifting rods 5, and the movable pulley 8 is connected with a lifting rope 11 through a steel wire rope 12.
The four corners of the upper end surface of the prestressed double-T plate 9 are respectively fixedly provided with a hanging ring, and the hanging rope 11 is connected with the four hanging rings.
The fixing frame 1 is of an L-shaped rod-shaped structure and comprises a vertical section and a horizontal section, and the upper end of the vertical section is fixedly connected with one end of the horizontal section. A vertical first chute is formed in the inner side face of the vertical section of the fixing frame 1, a vertical hydraulic cylinder 2 is fixedly arranged in the first chute, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is vertically downward, a clamping jaw 3 is fixedly arranged at the end part of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2, the clamping jaw 3 is parallel to the horizontal section of the fixing frame 1, and the clamping jaw 3 slides in the first chute. When the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is contracted, the lower end surface of the horizontal section of the fixing frame 1 and the upper end surface of the clamping jaw 3 are respectively in close contact with the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the supporting beam 6 on the same side, so that the guide mechanism is integrally fixed on the supporting beam 6; the lower end face of the horizontal section of the fixing frame 1 and the upper end face of the clamping jaw 3 are respectively and fixedly provided with an anti-slip rubber layer.
An upper ear plate 21 and a lower ear plate 21 are fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the vertical section of the fixing frame 1. The rotating frame 4 is of a linear rod-shaped structure which is horizontally arranged, one end of the rotating frame 4 is rotatably arranged between the upper ear plate 21 and the lower ear plate 21, and the rotating axis of the rotating frame 4 is kept vertical.
The drive assembly includes a cylinder 22, a first lever 23. An action hole 24 with an opening at the lower end is provided at the lower end face of the rotary frame 4, the action hole 24 is located at the rotation axis of the rotary frame 4, and a spiral groove 25 is provided on the inner wall of the action hole 24. An air cylinder 22 is also fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the vertical section of the fixing frame 1, and a piston rod of the air cylinder 22 vertically upwards passes through the lug plate 21 on the lower side and then extends into the action hole 24 of the rotating frame 4. A first deflector rod 23 is fixedly arranged on a piston rod of the air cylinder 22, the first deflector rod 23 is arranged along the radial direction of the piston rod of the air cylinder 22, and the first deflector rod 23 extends into a spiral groove 25 of the action hole 24. When the piston rod of the cylinder 22 is extended, the first deflector rod 23 cooperates with the helical groove 25 to rotate the rotating frame 4 about its rotation axis.
The transmission assembly comprises crawler wheels, crawler belts 31, sector plates 33, a second deflector rod 32 and a supporting rod 35. The upper end face of the rotating frame 4 is provided with a mounting groove, the mounting groove extends along the length direction of the rotating frame 4, a plurality of crawler wheels are rotatably arranged in the mounting groove along the extending direction of the mounting groove, the rotating axes of the crawler wheels are perpendicular to the length direction of the rotating frame 4, and the two crawler wheels at two ends are positioned at two ends of the inside of the mounting groove. The same crawler belt 31 is connected with the outer sides of the crawler wheels in a transmission sleeve manner. A second vertical deflector rod 32 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the caterpillar 31. A horizontal sector plate 33 is fixedly arranged at the upper lug plate 21, an arc groove 34 is fixedly arranged at the lower end surface of the sector plate 33, and the circle center of the arc groove 34 is positioned between the crawler wheels at the two ends. The upper end of the second deflector rod 32 is inserted into the circular arc groove 34 at the lower end of the sector plate 33.
The lifting rod 5 is of an L-shaped rod structure and comprises a vertical rod and a horizontal rod, and the vertical rod and the horizontal rod are of square rod structures; the upper end of the vertical rod is fixedly connected with one end of a horizontal rod, the horizontal rod is positioned above the rotating frame 4, and the horizontal rod is parallel to the rotating frame 4. One end of the rotating frame 4 far away from the two lug plates 21 is provided with a square inserting hole which penetrates up and down, a vertical rod of the lifting rod 5 is inserted into the inserting hole of the rotating frame 4 in a sliding mode, and the outer side faces of the periphery of the vertical rod are in sliding contact with the inner wall of the inserting hole.
A supporting rod 35 is further rotatably arranged on the outer side surface of the crawler belt 31, the lower end of the supporting rod 35 is hinged with the crawler belt 31, and the upper end of the supporting rod 35 is hinged with the lower end surface of the horizontal rod of the lifting rod 5. The hinge axes of both ends of the support bar 35 are perpendicular to the length direction of the rotating frame 4.
A second chute is provided at the upper end face of the horizontal bar of the lifting bar 5, the second chute extending along the length direction of the horizontal bar. A slidable slider 42 and a return spring 41 are arranged in the second sliding groove, one end of the return spring 41 is connected with the slider 42, and the other end of the return spring 41 is connected with one end, far away from the vertical rod, of the second sliding groove. The rotating shaft of the movable pulley 8 is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the sliding block 42, and the rotating shaft of the movable pulley 8 is kept vertical. A fixed block 43 is fixedly arranged at one end, close to the vertical rod, of the upper end face of the horizontal rod of the lifting rod 5, one end of the driving pull rope 7 is fixedly arranged on the fixed block 43, and the other end of the driving pull rope 7 extends towards one side of the vertical rod after bypassing the movable pulley 8. One end of the steel wire rope 12 far away from the lifting rope 11 is connected with the rotating shaft of the movable pulley 8.
The positioning and mounting process of the construction device using the pre-stress double-T plate comprises the following steps,
Step one: the piston rod of the control cylinder 22 extends upwards, and the piston rod of the cylinder 22 drives the first deflector rod 23 to move upwards, and the first deflector rod 23 is matched with the spiral groove 25, so that the rotating frame 4 is driven to rotate outwards for 120 degrees around the rotating axis of the rotating frame. The rotating frame 4 drives the second deflector rod 32 to synchronously rotate in the outward rotating process, and because the second deflector rod 32 is inserted into the circular arc groove 34, when the second deflector rod 32 rotates along with the rotating frame 4, the second deflector rod 32 simultaneously slides in the circular arc groove 34, the second deflector rod 32 drives the crawler belt 31 to act, the crawler belt 31 drives all crawler belt wheels to simultaneously rotate, the crawler belt 31 drives the lower end of the supporting rod 35 to move in the acting process, the supporting rod 35 rotates upwards relative to the rotating frame 4, the upper end of the supporting rod 35 moves upwards, and accordingly the lifting rod 5 is driven to slide upwards in the inserting hole of the rotating frame 4, and the synchronous lifting of the lifting rod 5 is driven in the outward rotating process of the rotating frame 4 is realized. When the rotating frame 4 rotates, the lifting rod 5 also stops lifting, and at the moment, the lifting rod 5 drives the movable pulley 8, the driving pull rope 7 and the steel wire rope 12 to lift to the designated height.
Step two: the crane 10 is moved to a designated construction position, then the lifting ropes 11 on the crane 10 are respectively fixed on the lifting rings at four corners of the prestressed double-T plate 9, then the prestressed double-T plate 9 is lifted to a designated position, one end of the prestressed double-T plate 9 cannot be exactly flush with the construction position due to environmental limitation, at the moment, a worker stands at the supporting beam 6, and the lifting ropes 11 are connected with the movable pulleys 8 through the steel wire ropes 12.
Step three: at this time, the constructor pulls the active pull rope 7, the active pull rope 7 drives the movable pulley 8 to compress the reset spring 41, so that the pre-stress double-T plate 9 moves towards a position far away from the application position, after the pre-stress double-T plate 9 is positioned, the constructor selectively pulls the steel wire rope 12 according to the position of the pre-stress double-T plate 9, so that the pre-stress double-T plate 9 moves to a designated position, and at this time, the pre-stress double-T plate 9 is subjected to downward gravity, upward tension, positioned tension and aligned tension, so that the pre-stress double-T plate 9 is ensured to finish final positioning.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.