CN118754766B - A controlled-release coated compound fertilizer prepared from distiller's grains - Google Patents
A controlled-release coated compound fertilizer prepared from distiller's grains Download PDFInfo
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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Abstract
A controlled release coated compound fertilizer prepared from vinasse comprises compound fertilizer particles containing the vinasse and a surface controlled release coating, wherein the controlled release coating is prepared by preparing coating slurry from ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, glycerol, urea and water, and coating the coating slurry on the surfaces of the compound fertilizer particles by spraying to form the controlled release coating. The invention utilizes the controlled release coated compound fertilizer prepared by vinasse, adopts a tablet core skeleton to slowly release and match with the controlled release coating, and after fertilization and watering, the problems that the vinasse compound fertilizer is difficult to slowly release and the coating is difficult to regulate and control are solved by the skeleton slow release effect and the coating slow release, the slow release of nutrients in the vinasse compound fertilizer of the white wine is realized, the whole release period can reach 15 months, the whole growth process of plants can be ensured, the effect of the prior 3 additional fertilizers can be achieved by only applying the fertilizer for 1 time, and the use amount and the labor cost of the fertilizer are greatly reduced.
Description
The invention patent application number is 202410296042.8, and the invention is a divisional application of 'a distilled grain composite controlled release fertilizer for distilled spirit and a preparation method thereof'.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizer processing, in particular to a controlled release coated compound fertilizer prepared from vinasse.
Background
The slow release fertilizer is a novel fertilizer capable of continuously releasing nutrients in soil and providing long-term and stable nutrient supply for crops, has better fertilizer efficiency durability and utilization rate, can reduce nutrient loss and improves crop yield and quality. The distilled spirit vinasse is rich in nutrition, is a natural organic fertilizer, is rich in various trace elements, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutritional components, increases stress resistance of plants, promotes plant growth and development, and improves the capability of the plants to adapt to the environment.
Therefore, if the distilled spirit vinasse is prepared into the controlled release fertilizer with the slow release function, the fertilizer efficiency is prolonged, and the nutrient requirements of crops in the whole growth period can be effectively supplied. The coated slow release fertilizer is characterized in that a layer of slow release coating is coated on the surface of traditional fertilizer particles, the slow release speed of nutrients is controlled by controlling the thickness and the material of the coating, and due to the slow release effect, the crops can be ensured to obtain sufficient nutrient supply in the whole growth period, and the waste and environmental pollution caused by the too fast release of the fertilizer are effectively avoided. However, in the process of preparing the controlled release fertilizer by using the vinasse as a main body, the controlled release effect of the vinasse fertilizer is not ideal and can not achieve the controlled release effect of slow release.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a controlled release coated compound fertilizer prepared from distilled spirit vinasse.
The invention also aims to provide a method for preparing the compound fertilizer by using distilled spirit vinasse. Through the synergistic effect of the fertilizer core and the coating, the effective controlled release of the vinasse fertilizer is realized, and the fertilizer efficiency is prolonged.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
A controlled release coated compound fertilizer prepared by using vinasse is characterized by comprising compound fertilizer particles and a surface controlled release coating, wherein the controlled release coating is prepared by preparing coating slurry from ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, glycerol, urea and water, coating the surface of the compound fertilizer particles by spraying slurry to form the controlled release coating, the coated controlled release coating is prepared by placing the compound fertilizer particles in a coating pan for rotary preheating, spraying the coating slurry through a spray gun, stopping spraying the slurry until the coating weight is increased to 4-6%, continuing to rotate until the coating water content is reduced to 5%, and the spray gun height is 200-250 cm and the spraying slurry speed is 80-110 mL/min.
Further, 5-8 parts of ethyl cellulose, 2-3 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose, 1-2 parts of glycerol and 120-150 parts of purified water are mixed according to parts by weight, the mixture is heated to 40-50 ℃ under the stirring condition, the stirring speed is 30-40 rpm, the mixture is stirred for 1-2 hours, 0.6-0.8 part of urea is added under the stirring condition, the mixture is continuously stirred until the mixture is completely dissolved, and the mixture is cooled to room temperature, so that the coating slurry is obtained.
Further, the rotary preheating is that the rotating speed of a coating pot is 3.0-5.0 rpm, the air inlet temperature is 60-65 ℃, and the preheating is carried out for 10-15 min until the surface temperature of the compound fertilizer particles is 35-40 ℃.
Further, the compound fertilizer particles are prepared by crushing and sieving distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer to obtain materials, adding hydroxypropyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, mixing at 12-15 rpm for 30-40 min to form a mixture, and extruding and granulating to obtain compound fertilizer particles with the thickness of 0.3-0.5 cm, wherein the sieved materials are 100-120 parts by weight, 60-80 parts by weight and 200-300 parts by weight of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
Further, 500-1000 parts of distilled spirit vinasse, 30-60 parts of animal waste, 10-12 parts of thiamine, 1.2-1.5 parts of quicklime and 1-2 parts of organic fermentation bacteria are prepared into a mixed fermentation material according to parts by weight, purified water is added until the water content of the mixed fermentation material reaches 55-60%, the distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer is obtained by stacking the fermentation materials into a pile with the height of 1-1.5 m, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 40-45 ℃, the fermentation is carried out for 25-30 days, then the materials are turned over, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 50-55 ℃, the fermentation is continued for 15-20 days, and then the distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer is obtained by airing until the water content is 5-10%.
A preparation method of a distilled spirit vinasse compound controlled release fertilizer is characterized in that fermented distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer is prepared into compound fertilizer particles, the surfaces of the compound fertilizer particles are coated with a controlled release coating, specifically, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, glycerol, urea and water are coated with coating slurry, the coating slurry is coated on the surfaces of the compound fertilizer particles through spraying, and the distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer is prepared by taking distilled spirit vinasse, animal manure, thiamine and quicklime as raw materials and fermenting the raw materials through an organic fermentation microbial inoculum. The preparation of the coating slurry comprises the steps of mixing 5-8 parts by weight of ethyl cellulose, 2-3 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl cellulose, 1-2 parts by weight of glycerol and 120-150 parts by weight of purified water, heating to a temperature of 40-50 ℃ under a stirring condition, stirring at a stirring speed of 30-40 rpm for 1-2 hours, adding 0.6-0.8 part by weight of urea under the stirring condition, continuously stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the coating slurry.
And further, the coating controlled release coating is formed by placing compound fertilizer particles in a coating pot for rotary preheating, spraying coating slurry through a spray gun, stopping spraying the slurry until the coating weight gain reaches 4-6%, and continuing to rotate until the coating moisture content is as low as 5%.
Further, the rotary preheating is that the rotating speed of a coating pot is 3.0-5.0 rpm, the air inlet temperature is 60-65 ℃, and the preheating is carried out for 10-15 min until the surface temperature of the compound fertilizer particles is 35-40 ℃. The height of the spray gun is 200-250 cm, and the spraying speed is 80-110 mL/min.
Further, 500-1000 parts of distilled spirit vinasse, 30-60 parts of animal manure, 10-12 parts of thiamine, 1.2-1.5 parts of quicklime and 1-2 parts of organic fermentation bacteria are prepared into a mixed fermentation material according to parts by weight, purified water is added until the water content of the mixed fermentation material reaches 55-60%, the fermentation material is piled into a pile with the height of 1-1.5m, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 40-45 ℃, the fermentation is carried out for 25-30 days, then the material is turned over, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 50-55 ℃, the fermentation is continued for 15-20 days, and then the distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer is obtained after the water content is 5-10% by airing.
Further, crushing and sieving distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer to obtain 100-120 parts by weight of sieved material, adding 60-80 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl cellulose and 200-300 parts by weight of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, mixing at 12-15 rpm for 30-40 min to form a mixture, and extruding and granulating to obtain 0.3-0.5 cm compound fertilizer particles.
The hydroxypropyl cellulose is used as an adhesive to ensure the forming of the final compound fertilizer particles, and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose increases the compressibility of the fertilizer, and is also used as a framework material of the compound fertilizer particles to ensure the slow release of the fermented fertilizer.
The preparation method of the composite controlled release fertilizer for the distilled spirit vinasse is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Preparation of distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer by fermentation
According to the weight portions, 500-1000 parts of distilled spirit vinasse, 30-60 parts of animal manure, 10-12 parts of thiamine, 1.2-1.5 parts of quicklime and 1-2 parts of organic fermentation bacteria are prepared into a mixed fermentation material, purified water is added until the water content of the mixed fermentation material reaches 55-60%, the fermentation material is piled up to be 1-1.5 m high, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 40-45 ℃, the fermentation is carried out for 25-30 days, then the pile is turned over, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 50-55 ℃, the fermentation is continued for 15-20 days, the fermentation is stopped, and the fermented material is dried until the water content is 5-10%, so that the distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer is obtained;
(2) Preparing composite fertilizer granules
Crushing a distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer, sieving the crushed distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer by a 50-mesh sieve, adding hydroxypropyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose into the sieved fertilizer, mixing the mixture for 30-40 min at 12-15 rpm, taking out the mixture to obtain compound fertilizer particles, wherein the sieved fertilizer is 100-120 parts by weight, 60-80 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl cellulose and 200-300 parts by weight of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose;
(3) Preparation of coating syrup
Adding 5-8 parts by weight of ethyl cellulose, 2-3 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl cellulose and 1-2 parts by weight of glycerol into 120-150 parts by weight of purified water, heating to 40-50 ℃, stirring for 1-2 hours at 30-40 rpm, adding 0.6-0.8 part by weight of urea, continuously stirring until the urea is completely dissolved, and cooling to room temperature to obtain coating slurry;
(4) Preparation of controlled Release coating
Placing the compound fertilizer particles prepared in the step (2) into a coating pot, rotating and preheating the compound fertilizer particles to the surface temperature of 35-40 ℃ at the air inlet temperature of 60-65 ℃ at 3.0-5.0 rpm, setting the height of a spray gun to be 200-250 cm, spraying coating slurry through the spray gun at the slurry spraying rate of 80-110 mL/min, stopping spraying slurry after the coating weight of the surface of the compound fertilizer particles is increased by 4-6%, and continuously rotating for 10-20 min until the coating water content is lower than 5%, and discharging.
The vinasse fertilizer is difficult to slowly release from the coating after the surface of the compound fertilizer prepared from the vinasse of the white spirit is coated with the controlled release coating, and the controlled release effect cannot be achieved. If the toughness of the controlled release coating is reduced, the coating toughness is poor, the fertilizer cannot be completely wrapped, the fertilizer is very damaged, and the controlled release effect cannot be achieved.
According to the invention, glycerin and urea are introduced into coating slurry, the toughness of the controlled release coating is effectively improved in the process of preparing the controlled release coating by spraying, the integrity of the coating of the controlled release coating on compound fertilizer particles is promoted, secondly, in the process of applying the controlled release fertilizer, a small amount of holes are preferentially formed in the controlled release coating in the process of primarily dissolving urea in water in the controlled release coating, water enters the inside of the coating, so that a framework material consisting of hydroxypropyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose expands to form a framework, the framework slow release function is realized, components such as thiamine and calcium hydroxide in the compound fertilizer particles are slowly released from the holes, the calcium hydroxide releases heat after meeting water, urea in the coating is accelerated to be dissolved, and because glycerol has hydrophilicity, when the calcium hydroxide penetrates through the controlled release coating, a cellulose dissolution pore-forming system is formed with urea which is not completely dissolved, the dissolution rate of cellulose in the controlled release coating is improved, the formation of a slow release channel in the controlled release white spirit is dynamically regulated in the slow release process, thereby the controlled release effect of the controlled release coating on the internal fertilizer is effectively regulated, the slow release function is realized, the fertilizer is released slowly, and the fertilizer is prolonged, and the fertilizer efficiency is prolonged.
The invention has the following technical effects:
The controlled release coated compound fertilizer prepared by the invention contains organic fertilizers such as distilled spirit vinasse, animal manure and the like, and contains a large amount of microorganisms after fermentation, so that the organic biological compound fertilizer is formed, has an excellent controlled release effect, can continuously and long-effectively supply crop nutrients, and ensures that crops obtain sufficient nutrition supply in the whole growth period. The invention utilizes the controlled-release coated compound fertilizer prepared by vinasse, adopts a tablet core skeleton to slowly release and match with the controlled-release coating, and after fertilization and watering, the problems that the vinasse compound fertilizer is difficult to realize slow release and the coating is difficult to regulate and control are solved by the skeleton slow release effect and the coating slow release, the slow release period of nutrients in the vinasse compound fertilizer of white wine is realized, the whole release period can reach 15 months, the whole growth process of plants can be ensured, the effect of the prior 3 additional fertilizers can be achieved by only applying the fertilizer for 1 time, and the use amount and the labor cost of the fertilizer are greatly reduced.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples, which are necessary to be pointed out herein for further illustration of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, since numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention will be to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing disclosure.
Example 1
The controlled release coated compound fertilizer prepared by using distilled grains is prepared according to the following steps:
(1) Preparation of distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer by fermentation
Preparing 800 parts of corn distilled spirit vinasse, 50 parts of chicken manure, 10 parts of thiamine, 1.5 parts of quicklime and 1.5 parts of organic fermentation bacteria agent into a mixed fermentation material according to parts by weight, adding purified water until the water content of the mixed fermentation material reaches 55-60%, piling up the fermentation material to be 1-1.5 m high, controlling the fermentation temperature to be 40-45 ℃, fermenting for 28 days, turning over the pile, controlling the fermentation temperature to be 50 ℃, continuing fermenting for 18 days, stopping fermenting, and airing the fermented material until the water content is 5-10%, thereby obtaining distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer;
(2) Preparing composite fertilizer granules
Crushing a distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer, sieving the crushed distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer by a 50-mesh sieve, adding hydroxypropyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose into the sieved fertilizer, mixing the mixture for 35 minutes at 13rpm, and taking out the mixture to obtain compound fertilizer particles, wherein the sieved fertilizer is 110 parts by weight, 70 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose and 250 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose;
(3) Preparation of coating syrup
Adding 6 parts by weight of ethyl cellulose, 2.5 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl cellulose and 1.5 parts by weight of glycerol into 130 parts by weight of purified water, heating to 45 ℃, stirring at 35rpm for 1.5 hours, adding 0.7 part by weight of urea, continuously stirring until the urea is completely dissolved, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a coating slurry;
(4) Preparation of controlled Release coating
Placing the compound fertilizer particles prepared in the step (2) into a coating pot, rotating and preheating the compound fertilizer particles to the surface temperature of 40 ℃ at the air inlet temperature of 60 ℃ at 4.0rpm, setting the height of a spray gun to be 220cm, spraying coating slurry through the spray gun at the spraying rate of 100mL/min, stopping spraying slurry after the surface of the compound fertilizer particles is coated with a coating weight of 5%, continuously rotating for 15min until the coating moisture content is lower than 5%, and discharging to obtain the controlled release coated compound fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
In comparison with example 1, no glycerol was added in the preparation of the coating, and the rest of the procedure was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
In comparison with example 2, urea was replaced with polyvinyl alcohol which was able to achieve pore formation when preparing the coating, and the rest of the procedure was the same as in example.
When coating is prepared, alkali is also tried to be added into coating slurry, and a pore-forming system is directly formed in the controlled release coating, but the prepared coating has very poor effect and can not completely wrap the compound fertilizer granules basically.
Example 2
The controlled release coated compound fertilizer prepared by using distilled grains is prepared according to the following steps:
(1) Preparation of distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer by fermentation
Preparing 500 parts of sorghum distilled spirit vinasse, 30 parts of cow dung, 10 parts of thiamine, 1.5 parts of quicklime and 2 parts of organic fermentation bacteria into a mixed fermentation material according to parts by weight, adding purified water until the water content of the mixed fermentation material reaches 55-60%, piling up the fermentation material to be 1-1.5 m high, controlling the fermentation temperature to be 40-45 ℃, fermenting for 25 days, turning over the pile, controlling the fermentation temperature to be 50-55 ℃, continuing fermenting for 20 days, stopping fermenting, and airing the fermented material until the water content is 5-10%, thereby obtaining the distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer;
(2) Preparing composite fertilizer granules
Crushing a distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer, sieving the crushed distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer by a 50-mesh sieve, adding hydroxypropyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose into the sieved fertilizer, mixing the mixture for 30 minutes at 15rpm, and taking out the mixture to obtain compound fertilizer particles, wherein the sieved fertilizer is 100 parts by weight, 60 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose and 200 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose;
(3) Preparation of coating syrup
Adding 5 parts by weight of ethyl cellulose, 2 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl cellulose and 1 part by weight of glycerol into 120 parts by weight of purified water, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for 2 hours at 30rpm, adding 0.6 part by weight of urea, continuously stirring until the urea is completely dissolved, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a coating slurry;
(4) Preparation of controlled Release coating
Placing the compound fertilizer particles prepared in the step (2) into a coating pot, rotating and preheating the compound fertilizer particles to the surface temperature of 35 ℃ at the air inlet temperature of 65 ℃ at 3.0rpm, setting the height of a spray gun to be 200cm, spraying coating slurry through the spray gun at the spraying rate of 80mL/min, stopping spraying slurry after the surface of the compound fertilizer particles is coated with a coating weight of 6%, continuously rotating for 10min until the coating moisture content is lower than 5%, and discharging to obtain the controlled release coated compound fertilizer.
Example 3
The controlled release coated compound fertilizer prepared by using distilled grains is prepared according to the following steps:
(1) Preparation of distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer by fermentation
1000 Parts of glutinous rice white spirit vinasse, 60 parts of cow dung, 12 parts of thiamine, 1.2 parts of quicklime and 1 part of organic fermentation microbial inoculum are prepared into a mixed fermentation material according to parts by weight, purified water is added until the water content of the mixed fermentation material reaches 55-60%, the fermentation material is piled up to be 1-1.5 m high, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 40-45 ℃, the fermentation is carried out for 30 days, then the pile is turned over, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 50-55 ℃, the fermentation is continued for 15 days, the fermentation is stopped, and the fermented material is dried until the water content is 5-10%, so that the white spirit vinasse fertilizer is obtained;
(2) Preparing composite fertilizer granules
Crushing a distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer, sieving the crushed distilled spirit vinasse fertilizer by a 50-mesh sieve, adding hydroxypropyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose into the sieved fertilizer, mixing the mixture for 40 minutes at 12rpm, taking out the mixture to obtain compound fertilizer particles, wherein the sieved fertilizer is 120 parts by weight, 80 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose and 300 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose;
(3) Preparation of coating syrup
Adding 8 parts by weight of ethyl cellulose, 3 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl cellulose and 2 parts by weight of glycerol into 150 parts by weight of purified water, heating to 40 ℃, stirring for 1h at 40rpm, adding 0.8 part by weight of urea, continuously stirring until the urea is completely dissolved, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a coating slurry;
(4) Preparation of controlled Release coating
Placing the compound fertilizer particles prepared in the step (2) into a coating pot, rotating and preheating the compound fertilizer particles to the surface temperature of 40 ℃ at the air inlet temperature of 60 ℃ at 5.0rpm, setting the height of a spray gun to be 200cm, spraying coating slurry through the spray gun at the spraying rate of 110mL/min, stopping spraying slurry after the surface of the compound fertilizer particles is coated with the coating weight of 4%, continuously rotating for 20min until the coating moisture content is lower than 5%, and discharging to obtain the controlled release coated compound fertilizer.
The organic fermentation inoculant used in the invention is YJF193, is purchased from Shijia and has limited public Ming-rich biological organic fertilizer, contains various microorganisms commonly used for fermentation, and has the function of fermenting raw materials such as vinasse and the like, so that other types of organic fermentation inoculants can be used as long as the fermentation effect can be achieved.
The complete particle controlled release coated compound fertilizer prepared in each example, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 is selected, 10.0g is weighed respectively, placed in a container with 100mL of deionized water respectively, kept stand and dissolved out at 25 ℃ and sampled for 3 times repeatedly, and 5mL of deionized water is added again for each sampling to continue dissolving out. The conductivity values of the samples are measured to characterize the cumulative release rate of nutrients. The results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1:
It can be seen that the nutrient accumulation release rate in comparative example 1 was extremely fast, and the nutrient was completely released in water for only 15 days. In contrast, in comparative example 2, a good slow-release channel is formed without adjustment, and the compound fertilizer mainly comprising distillers' grains of corn liquor is difficult to release nutrients. According to the embodiment of the invention, a good pore-forming system is formed by calcium hydroxide in the compound fertilizer particles and urea in the coating under the action of glycerol, so that a slow release channel on the coating is effectively regulated, and nutrients in the compound fertilizer are effectively controlled to be released.
The controlled release coated compound fertilizer prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention is placed in soil, the controlled release performance of the fertilizer is measured by detecting the quality change of the compound controlled release fertilizer in the soil, the soil humidity is kept constant to 25% in the detection process, and the result shows that the release period in the compound fertilizer prepared in the embodiment 1 can be as long as 15 months. The release period of the compound fertilizer in comparative example 1 was about two months, and the release amount of comparative example 2 was only 44.6% at 15 months.
And (3) field test:
The same tomato planting area was divided into 4 chunks and the application of the fertilizers of example 1, comparative example 2 and CK group, the CK group being a compound fertilizer prepared in the manner of example 1 and urea in equal amount to the coating of example 1, was performed, respectively. ① After the field planting of crops, watering thoroughly, watering 1 time of seedling-recovering water after 4-5 days, and then watering no more until fruit setting. ② And (3) restarting watering after fruit setting of the 1 st spike, and stopping watering after the moisture content in the soil is kept at 70-80%. The planting land corresponding to the CK group is equally divided into 4 small blocks, and the fertilization times are respectively 0,1, 2 and 3, wherein the fertilization is that after the 1 st ear fruit is set, the fertilization is carried out for 1 time, and when the 2 nd ear fruit and the 3 rd ear fruit begin to expand, the fertilization is carried out again for 1 time. The fertilization amount per time is 30 g/plant. The final tomato yields are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 influence of different Compound fertilizers on crop yield
No fertilizer is applied after fruit setting, the tomato yield is about 2300 kg/mu, the fertilizer particles prepared by applying distilled spirit vinasse and urea are compounded after fruit setting of a CK group, the yield reaches 2866 kg/mu, the controlled-release coated compound fertilizer prepared by applying the embodiment 1 is 3392 kg/mu, and the tomato yield of the composite controlled-release fertilizer corresponding to the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2 is 2962 kg/mu and 2579 kg/mu respectively.
And (3) adopting the CK group fertilizer, carrying out fertilizer application once after fruit setting on the 1 st ear, and carrying out additional fertilizer for 1 time when the 2 nd ear and the 3 rd ear begin to expand. The tomato yield after 3 final fertilizations was 3427 kg/mu, which is comparable to the yield of one fertilization of example 1.
Claims (3)
1. A controlled release coated compound fertilizer prepared from vinasse is characterized by comprising compound fertilizer particles and a surface controlled release coating, wherein the controlled release coating is prepared from ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, glycerol, urea and water, the surface of the compound fertilizer particles is coated by spraying to form the controlled release coating, the compound fertilizer particles are placed in a coating pot for rotary preheating, then the coating slurry is sprayed by a spray gun until the coating weight reaches 4-6%, the spraying is stopped until the coating weight is increased to be 4-6%, the coating water content is kept low to 5%, the spray gun has the height of 200-250 cm, the spraying rate is 80-110 mL/min, the prepared coating slurry is prepared by mixing 5-8 parts of ethyl cellulose, 2-3 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose, 1-2 parts of glycerol and 120-150 parts of purified water in parts by weight, under the stirring condition, the compound fertilizer particles are heated to 40-50 ℃, the stirring speed is 30-40 rpm, the stirring is carried out for 1-2 hours, the urea is added into the compound fertilizer under the stirring condition, the urea is continuously stirred until the urea is completely dissolved, the sodium carboxymethylcellulose is continuously stirred until the coating water content is 5% and the sodium carboxymethylcellulose is obtained by continuously stirred at the room temperature of 80-300 parts by mixing, the sodium carboxymethylcellulose is obtained by granulating, and the mixed material is prepared into the sodium carboxymethylcellulose is crushed into the mixture, and the sodium carboxymethylcellulose is prepared into the mixture, and the sodium carboxymethylcellulose is crushed into the mixture, and the sodium carboxymethylcellulose is prepared into the mixture, and the sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the sodium and the mixture and the sodium hydroxide and the cellulose and the finished product according to the weight and the mixture.
2. The controlled release coated compound fertilizer prepared by using distillers' grains according to claim 1, wherein the rotary preheating is carried out at a speed of 3.0-5.0 rpm of a coating pot, an air inlet temperature of 60-65 ℃ and a preheating time of 10-15 min to a surface temperature of 35-40 ℃ of compound fertilizer particles.
3. The controlled release coated compound fertilizer prepared by using distilled grain according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the distilled grain fertilizer is prepared by mixing 500-1000 parts by weight of distilled grain, 30-60 parts by weight of animal waste, 10-12 parts by weight of thiamine, 1.2-1.5 parts by weight of quicklime and 1-2 parts by weight of organic fermentation bacteria, adding purified water until the water content of the mixed fermentation material reaches 55-60%, and piling up the materials for fermentation to obtain the distilled grain fertilizer, wherein the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 40-45 ℃ by piling up the fermentation materials to be 1-1.5 m high, fermenting for 25-30 days, then turning over the materials, controlling the fermentation temperature to be 50-55 ℃, continuing to ferment for 15-20 days, and then airing until the water content is 5-10%, thus obtaining the distilled grain fertilizer.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN108727105A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-02 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | A kind of film controlling type of suitable acid red soil of south China delays controlled release modifying agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN112159282A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-01 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Blended controlled-release fertilizer for cured tobaccos in the southwest of Ebei and preparation method and application thereof |
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| IE62649B1 (en) * | 1990-07-06 | 1995-02-22 | Clancy Martin | A natural and renewable organic compost/fertilizer |
| BRPI0801794F1 (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2019-08-13 | Dedini S/A Ind De Base | process for production of organo-mineral fertilizer |
| CN101580444A (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2009-11-18 | 盘锦施壮肥业有限公司 | Coated slow-release urea containing double inhibitors and preparation method thereof |
| CN102295487B (en) * | 2011-03-11 | 2013-07-10 | 山东远东国际生物化工股份有限公司 | Organic enveloped controlled-release compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103044146B (en) * | 2013-01-12 | 2014-07-30 | 重庆润绿生物有机肥有限公司 | Complex control type long-acting controlled-release organic and inorganic biological fertilizer |
| CN104030784B (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2015-11-25 | 马鞍山市心洲葡萄专业合作社 | A kind of long-acting slow-release compound fertilizers being rich in organic matter |
| CN105294303A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 湖州师范学院 | Nonmetallic mineral-based urea coated slow-release fertilizer particle and preparation method thereof |
| CN105859414A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-08-17 | 吴申龙 | Modified coated long-acting slow release composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107382460A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-11-24 | 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | Special peanut film-coating controlled release calcareous fertilisers and preparation method thereof |
| CN107857636A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-03-30 | 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | High-yield field special peanut film-coating Controlled Release Fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107805178A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-03-16 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | The film-coated controlled release fertilizer and its preparation technology of the duplicature containing organic matter |
| CN108863527A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-23 | 蚌埠市禹会区马城胡本号家庭农场 | A kind of slow-release fertilizer applied on growth of watermelon |
| CN113185352A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-30 | 嘉施利（应城）化肥有限公司 | Water-retaining compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN114634388B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2023-02-07 | 四川省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108727105A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-02 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | A kind of film controlling type of suitable acid red soil of south China delays controlled release modifying agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN112159282A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-01 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Blended controlled-release fertilizer for cured tobaccos in the southwest of Ebei and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN118184444B (en) | 2024-08-13 |
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