CN118752187B - LNG storage tank high manganese steel plate seal head forming method - Google Patents
LNG storage tank high manganese steel plate seal head forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN118752187B CN118752187B CN202411253874.8A CN202411253874A CN118752187B CN 118752187 B CN118752187 B CN 118752187B CN 202411253874 A CN202411253874 A CN 202411253874A CN 118752187 B CN118752187 B CN 118752187B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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Abstract
一种LNG储舱高锰钢板封头成型方法，当高锰钢板封头曲率半径R=200mm‑2000mm时，采用温成型或热成型加工封头，温成型加工时，下料后先采用打鼓机进行初步预压成型，将预压成型的封头进炉加热至加热温度500℃‑600℃，或采用在线加热旋压机旋压成型，无需进炉加热。热成型加工时，封头板材和随炉母材试板同时进炉，炉内加热后出炉温度控制在800℃‑850℃，炉内保温时间小于0.5小时，热压后迅速空冷。本发明可以解决高锰钢小直径封头加工成型的技术难题，按照此方法加工后的高锰钢性能较好、产品外观质量好，属于高锰钢在LNG储舱应用的关键技术，工艺可行，技术自主可控，质量可靠。A method for forming a high manganese steel plate head for an LNG tank. When the radius of curvature of the high manganese steel plate head is R=200mm-2000mm, the head is processed by warm forming or hot forming. During warm forming, a drum machine is used for preliminary pre-pressing after unloading, and the pre-pressed head is heated to a heating temperature of 500℃-600℃ in a furnace, or an online heating spinning machine is used for spinning without heating in the furnace. During hot forming, the head plate and the mother material test plate with the furnace are put into the furnace at the same time. After heating in the furnace, the temperature out of the furnace is controlled at 800℃-850℃. The insulation time in the furnace is less than 0.5 hours, and the head is quickly air-cooled after hot pressing. The present invention can solve the technical difficulties in the processing and forming of small-diameter heads of high manganese steel. The high manganese steel processed according to this method has good performance and good product appearance quality. It is a key technology for the application of high manganese steel in LNG tanks, with feasible process, independent and controllable technology and reliable quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of construction and design of marine LNG storage tanks, and particularly relates to a method for forming a high manganese steel plate seal head of an LNG storage tank.
Background
Clean energy is a guarantee of sustainable development of the current society, and global Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) production and trade are becoming active in recent years, and are becoming a new hotspot of the world oil and gas industry. For this reason, a large amount of LNG storage tanks are built for LNG storage and transportation at home and abroad. Conventional LNG storage tank construction materials employ expensive invar, 9Ni steel, aluminum alloy, and austenitic stainless steel. In recent years, high manganese austenitic steels have been attracting attention due to their low cost and excellent ductility and toughness. The high manganese austenitic low-temperature steel has good low temperature resistance and wear resistance, and is very suitable for storing liquefied natural gas. High manganese steel is low in price, almost becomes an ideal material for an LNG fuel storage tank, and has become a necessary trend in application to LNG low-temperature fuel tanks.
The high manganese steel forming processing is one of the key construction technologies of the LNG storage tanks, and the research of the high manganese steel forming processing is used for providing technical assurance for the success of the high manganese steel LNG storage tanks. By solving the process problem in the construction process of the high manganese steel, the potential risk in industrialization is researched and judged, a solution is formulated, and the reliability of the molding structures such as the sealing heads, the shells and the like of the real ship high manganese steel LNG storage tanks is ensured.
According to the characteristics of the high manganese steel material, the state of the hot-formed or cold-formed part is very difficult to change through heat treatment after the hot-formed or cold-formed part is processed, a large number of surface cracks can be generated due to improper cold forming and pressing, the heat treatment is required to be carried out when the fiber elongation exceeds 5% in order to meet the building standard requirement of an LNG storage cabin, the heat treatment must be qualified in performance, a reasonable forming process is required to be formulated, a process test is carried out, a process is determined according to test results, and the process is solidified and formed until the performance test meets the requirements of the high manganese austenitic low-temperature steel application guide.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for forming a high manganese steel plate seal head of an LNG storage cabin, which aims to achieve the aim that the seal head made of the high manganese steel plate meets various standard requirements of the LNG storage cabin, and adopts the following technical scheme:
the LNG storage cabin high manganese steel plate end socket forming method adopts warm forming or thermoforming to process the end socket when the curvature radius R of the high manganese steel plate end socket is between 200 and 2000mm, and the specific operation is as follows:
During warm forming processing, plasma, laser and a high-pressure water jet are adopted for cutting and blanking.
After blanking, preliminary pre-pressing forming is carried out by adopting a drum beater, a Gao Meng steel plate is placed on a lower tire of the drum beater during the drum beating, the edge of the high-strength steel plate can be ensured to move freely, and the drum beating is carried out in sequence from the middle to the periphery according to the drum beating depth to 1/10, 1/5, 1/4 and 1/3 of the final forming depth.
The pre-pressed end socket is heated to 500-600 ℃ in a furnace, the temperature is 200-400 ℃ in the furnace, the temperature is raised to 500-600 ℃ in accordance with the temperature rise of 100 ℃ per hour, the heat is preserved for 30 minutes, an oil press, a water press or a spinning machine is adopted for compression molding or spinning, and finally, the butterfly shape, the ellipse shape or the sphere shape with the inner diameter of 400-4000 mm is formed, or the pre-pressed end socket is spun and molded by an online heating spinning machine without being heated in the furnace, the spinning is carried out while the end socket is spun, and the heating temperature is 500-600 ℃ until the final inner diameter is 400-4000 mm.
And detecting 100% PT or MT of appearance of the end socket formed by warm pressing, and judging that the end socket is qualified without any defect.
During thermoforming, plasma, laser and a high-pressure water jet are adopted for cutting and blanking, and meanwhile, a hot-pressing furnace-following base material test plate is cut.
The end socket plate and the base material test plate enter the furnace at the same time, the furnace discharging temperature is controlled to be 800-850 ℃ after the furnace is heated, the heat preservation time in the furnace is less than 0.5 hour, and the air cooling is performed rapidly after the hot pressing.
After the thermal compression molding of the end socket, if deformation or dimensional deviation exists, the end socket needs to be heated to 500-600 ℃ again for sizing until the size is qualified, and the end socket is heated together with the furnace base material test plate when being heated again.
And (3) detecting mechanical properties of the furnace-following parent metal test plate, and detecting 100% PT or MT of the appearance of the hot-pressed end socket, wherein no defect is qualified.
According to the LNG storage tank high manganese steel plate seal head forming method, further, the thickness of the plate is 8-40 mm.
According to the LNG storage cabin high manganese steel plate seal head forming method, further, during warm forming processing, the high manganese steel plate is heated before preliminary pressing and preforming, the heating temperature of 500-600 ℃ is adopted, the furnace charging temperature is 200-400 ℃ during heating, the temperature is raised to 500-600 ℃ according to the heating temperature of 100 ℃ per hour, and the heat is preserved for 30 minutes.
The LNG storage cabin high manganese steel plate seal head forming method further comprises the step of adopting thermoforming to process the seal head when the curvature radius R of the high manganese steel plate seal head is=200 mm-500mm, and adopting warm forming or thermoforming to process the seal head when the curvature radius R of the high manganese steel plate seal head is=500 mm-2000 mm.
According to the LNG storage cabin high manganese steel plate seal head forming method, further, when the curvature radius of the high manganese steel plate seal head is smaller than 500mm and the thickness of the plate is larger than 20mm, the seal head is processed by adopting thermoforming.
According to the LNG storage cabin high manganese steel plate seal head forming method, further, the seal head is a butterfly-shaped seal head or an oval seal head pressed by a whole plate in a molding mode or a spherical seal head pressed by the whole plate.
The research of the technological method of thermoforming the high manganese steel plate seal head for the LNG storage cabin fills the blank area of the technology in China. Because the construction of the high manganese steel used for the LNG storage tanks at home and abroad is in the initial research stage, the research test of the high manganese steel seal heads of the type is carried out by our company, the technical problem of the processing and forming of the low-diameter seal heads of the high manganese steel can be solved, the high manganese steel processed by the process has good performance and good product appearance quality, and the technology belongs to the key technology of the application of the high manganese steel in the LNG storage tanks, and the technology is feasible, independent and controllable and reliable in quality.
Detailed Description
According to the design of a common LNG storage cabin, the diameter of the sealing head of high manganese steel is generally from R=200 mm to R=7500 mm, the thickness range of the plate is generally 8mm-40mm, and the sealing head with the diameter of more than 2000mm can be generally cold-formed. However, the primary pressure-bearing end enclosure parts such as the gas dome and the liquid dome of the LNG storage tank often need warm forming or thermoforming in the radius range from r=200 mm to r=2000 mm, and particularly when the radius is smaller than 500mm and the thickness is larger than 20mm, the warm forming (heating at 750 ℃ or more) or warm forming (heating at 600 ℃ or less) is required when the cold forming is difficult. The warm forming or thermal forming can adopt the following technical scheme to solve the problem of forming the sealing head below R2000, thereby not only ensuring the forming effect, but also ensuring the performance and the surface quality, in particular the tensile performance, of the steel plate after forming, and the performance index after forming can reach the mechanical performance of the plate shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Example 1
The elliptic high manganese steel plate seal head with the thickness of 20mm and the inner diameter of 1400mm is manufactured by warm forming, and the specific operation is as follows:
And (3) blanking the steel plate, cutting and blanking according to the lofting size of the steel plate, wherein the blanking can be cut by adopting a plasma, laser and a high-pressure water knife and is not suitable for cutting and blanking by adopting flame.
The high manganese steel plate is placed on a lower tire of the drum machine during drum beating, the edge of the high manganese steel plate can be guaranteed to move freely, the high manganese steel plate is beaten to 1/10, 1/5, 1/4 and 1/3 of the final forming depth respectively according to the drum beating depth, the high manganese steel plate can be heated before pre-pressing forming by adopting the heating temperature of 500-600 ℃ and the furnace charging temperature of 200-400 ℃ during heating, the temperature is raised to 500-600 ℃ according to the heating temperature of 100 ℃ per hour, the maximum heating temperature is not more than 600 ℃, the generation of cold cracks in the forming process can be prevented to the greatest extent during the heating, and the appearance quality is guaranteed to be qualified.
And (3) final pressing and forming of the sealing head, namely, re-feeding the prefabricated sealing head into a furnace to heat to 500-600 ℃, firstly heating to 500-600 ℃ in the furnace, feeding the sealing head into the furnace to heat to 200-400 ℃ when heating, heating to 500-600 ℃ according to the heating temperature of 100 ℃ per hour, preserving heat for 30 minutes, and performing compression molding or spin forming by adopting an oil press, a hydraulic press or a spinning machine to form an ellipse with the final inner diameter of 1400 mm. The spinning forming can also be performed by adopting an online heating spinning machine without heating in a furnace, and the spinning head is heated and spun at the same time, and the heating temperature is not more than 600 ℃.
After the seal head is pressed and formed, the appearance is detected by 100 percent PT or MT, and no defect is qualified.
Example 2
The spherical high manganese steel plate seal head with the thickness of 20mm and the inner diameter of 500mm is manufactured by thermoforming, and the specific operation is as follows:
cutting and blanking the steel plate according to the lofting size of the steel plate, wherein the blanking can be cut by adopting a plasma, laser and a high-pressure water knife, and is not suitable for cutting and blanking by adopting flame, and simultaneously cutting a hot-pressing furnace-following parent metal test plate.
The seal head with the radius of 500mm and difficult to be cold-pressed and molded is required to be hot-pressed, the seal head plate before hot pressing and the base material test plate along with the furnace enter the furnace at the same time, the furnace discharging temperature is controlled to be 800-850 ℃ after the heating in the furnace, the heat preservation time in the furnace is less than 0.5 hour, and the air cooling is rapid after the hot pressing.
And checking that the end socket has dimensional deviations such as deformation and the like after compression molding, and heating to 500-600 ℃ again to perform shape correction until the dimension is qualified. And feeding the base material test plate into the furnace together for heating when the base material test plate is heated again.
The mechanical performance of the base material test plate along with the furnace is detected to be qualified, the hot pressing temperature of the butterfly-shaped sealing head with the radius of 500mm and the thickness of 20mm is controlled to be 850 ℃ according to the table 2 below, and the qualified performance of the base material is achieved.
After the seal head is pressed and formed, the appearance is detected by 100 percent PT or MT, and no defect is qualified.
TABLE 2
The hot press process of the steel plate with the thickness of 20mm is taken as an example, but the practical application is not limited to the plate thickness of 20mm, and the hot press is suitable for the same type of press forming process of the high manganese steel material.
According to the conventional steel plate forming processing or heat treatment mechanism, the heat forming process damages the heat treatment state of the supply or the mechanical property of the supply and needs to carry out heat treatment for recovering the property, but according to the technical route, the high manganese steel can not be heat treated after warm pressing or hot pressing or heat treatment according to the rolling process, and the practice finds that the property can not be recovered to the factory-leaving property of the original steel plant after the hot rolling process of the carbon steel or the austenitic characteristic solid solution thereof, particularly the yield Rp0.2 is lower than 400MPa.
The patent provides a process method for forming a high manganese steel plate for an LNG storage tank, which can solve the technical problems of lower conventional thermoforming performance, difficult cold forming and poor appearance quality caused by easily producing cracks. Can ensure the strength and other performance indexes of the high manganese steel seal head material after molding.
The invention can be used for manufacturing LNG storage cabin end sockets and other similar high manganese steel plate end sockets by high manganese steel under the working condition of compression molding.
Claims (6)
1. The LNG storage cabin high manganese steel plate seal head forming method is characterized in that when the curvature radius R=200 mm-2000mm of the high manganese steel plate seal head, the seal head is processed by adopting warm forming or thermoforming, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
during warm forming processing, cutting and blanking by adopting plasma, laser and a high-pressure water knife;
After blanking, firstly adopting a drum-beating machine to perform preliminary pre-pressing forming, putting Gao Meng steel plates on a lower tire of the drum-beating machine during the drum-beating, ensuring that the edges of the high-strength steel plates can move freely, and respectively beating to 1/10, 1/5, 1/4 and 1/3 of the final forming depth according to the drum-beating depth, wherein the steps are performed in sequence from the middle to the periphery during the drum-beating;
Heating the pre-pressed end socket to 500-600 ℃ in a furnace, heating to 200-400 ℃ in the furnace, heating to 500-600 ℃ in the temperature of 100 ℃ per hour, preserving heat for 30 minutes, and carrying out compression molding or spinning by adopting an oil press, a hydraulic press or a spinning machine to finally form a butterfly shape or an oval shape or a sphere shape with the inner diameter of 400-4000 mm, or carrying out spinning molding on the pre-pressed end socket by adopting an online heating spinning machine without heating in the furnace, and carrying out heating spinning while spinning the end socket to 500-600 ℃ until the final inner diameter is 400-4000 mm;
Detecting 100% PT or MT of appearance of the end socket formed by warm pressing, and judging that no defect is qualified;
During thermoforming processing, cutting and blanking by adopting a plasma, laser and a high-pressure water jet, and simultaneously cutting a hot-pressing furnace-following parent metal test plate;
feeding the end socket plate and the parent metal test plate along with the furnace into the furnace at the same time, heating the furnace in the furnace, controlling the furnace discharging temperature to be 800-850 ℃, keeping the temperature in the furnace for less than 0.5 hour, and rapidly cooling the furnace by air after hot pressing;
Checking if deformation or dimensional deviation exists after the thermal compression molding of the end socket, and heating to 500-600 ℃ again to correct the shape until the dimension is qualified, and heating along with the first furnace parent metal test plate and feeding into a furnace for heating when the end socket is heated again;
And (3) detecting mechanical properties of the furnace-following parent metal test plate, and detecting 100% PT or MT of the appearance of the hot-pressed end socket, wherein no defect is qualified.
2. The method for forming the high manganese steel plate seal head of the LNG storage tank according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the plate is 8-40 mm.
3. The method for forming the end enclosure of the high manganese steel plate of the LNG storage tank according to claim 1, wherein the high manganese steel plate is heated before preliminary pressing and preforming during warm forming, the heating temperature is 500-600 ℃, the furnace charging temperature is 200-400 ℃ during heating, the temperature is raised to 500-600 ℃ according to the heating temperature of 100 ℃ per hour, and the temperature is kept for 30 minutes.
4. The method for forming the high manganese steel plate seal head of the LNG storage tank according to claim 1 is characterized in that the seal head is formed by thermoforming when the curvature radius R of the high manganese steel plate seal head is 200-500 mm, and the seal head is formed by warm forming or thermoforming when the curvature radius R of the high manganese steel plate seal head is 500-2000 mm.
5. The method for forming the high manganese steel plate seal head of the LNG storage tank according to claim 1, wherein when the curvature radius of the high manganese steel plate seal head is smaller than 500mm and the thickness of the plate is larger than 20mm, the seal head is processed by adopting thermoforming.
6. The method for forming the high manganese steel plate seal head of the LNG storage tank according to claim 1, wherein the seal head is a butterfly-shaped seal head or an elliptic seal head pressed by a whole plate die, or is a spherical seal head pressed by the whole plate.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104786006A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2015-07-22 | 无锡市前洲西塘锻压有限公司 | Manufacturing method for titanium plate plugs |
| CN105882669A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2016-08-24 | 中国检验检疫科学研究院 | Double-wheel translation railway car |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106676375A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2017-05-17 | 青岛旭升封头有限公司 | Manufacturing method of semi-circular seal head |
| CN109531057B (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2020-07-31 | 常州旷达威德机械有限公司 | Machining method of 9Ni steel end socket |
| EA202000234A1 (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2022-01-31 | Акционерное общество "Научно-производственная корпорация "Уралвагонзавод" имени Ф.Э. Дзержинского" | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING EXTREMELY THIN-WALLED ELLIPTICAL BOTTOM USING COPIER |
| CN117900766A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-04-19 | 大连船舶重工集团有限公司 | A method for molding 9Ni steel LNG tank head flaps |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104786006A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2015-07-22 | 无锡市前洲西塘锻压有限公司 | Manufacturing method for titanium plate plugs |
| CN105882669A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2016-08-24 | 中国检验检疫科学研究院 | Double-wheel translation railway car |
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