CN118728253B - A downhole drilling tool with axial thrust - Google Patents
A downhole drilling tool with axial thrust Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN118728253B CN118728253B CN202411224436.9A CN202411224436A CN118728253B CN 118728253 B CN118728253 B CN 118728253B CN 202411224436 A CN202411224436 A CN 202411224436A CN 118728253 B CN118728253 B CN 118728253B
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- assembly
- thrust
- drill bit
- axial thrust
- installation space
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000309551 Arthraxon hispidus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/02—Fluid rotary type drives
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/24—Drilling using vibrating or oscillating means, e.g. out-of-balance masses
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种具有轴向推力的井下钻具，涉及井下钻具技术领域，包括：外壳组件、安装在外壳组件内的螺杆组件、驱动装置和推力组件。螺杆组件的端部安装有钻头。破碎岩石时，高压液体充入外壳组件；高压液体经过推力组件时，向推力组件提供轴向推力；推力经螺杆组件传递至钻头。这种方式可为钻头提供额外的轴向推力，作用在岩石上。进而使磨削过程中岩石向钻头提供的反作用力得以带动螺杆组件和钻头向上反弹。而推力组件提供的轴向推力会带动螺杆组件和钻头向下移动。由此，可以使钻头磨削岩石的过程中产生振动，提高破碎岩石的效率；同时钻头受到反弹而悬空的瞬间，得以使驱动装置带动螺杆组件和钻头恢复转速，保证磨削效率。
The present invention provides a downhole drilling tool with axial thrust, which relates to the technical field of downhole drilling tools, and includes: a housing assembly, a screw assembly installed in the housing assembly, a driving device and a thrust assembly. A drill bit is installed at the end of the screw assembly. When breaking rocks, high-pressure liquid is filled into the housing assembly; when the high-pressure liquid passes through the thrust assembly, it provides an axial thrust to the thrust assembly; the thrust is transmitted to the drill bit through the screw assembly. This method can provide the drill bit with additional axial thrust to act on the rock. In addition, the reaction force provided by the rock to the drill bit during the grinding process can drive the screw assembly and the drill bit to rebound upward. The axial thrust provided by the thrust assembly will drive the screw assembly and the drill bit to move downward. As a result, vibration can be generated in the process of the drill bit grinding the rock, thereby improving the efficiency of breaking the rock; at the same time, when the drill bit is suspended due to rebound, the driving device can drive the screw assembly and the drill bit to restore the rotation speed, thereby ensuring the grinding efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of downhole drilling tools, in particular to a downhole drilling tool with axial thrust.
Background
With the increasing development of oil and gas resource exploration, deep wells, large-displacement wells and horizontal wells are increased, the requirements for improving the drilling speed and efficiency are more urgent, and the problem of low mechanical drilling speed of deep stratum is more and more prominent.
Conventional drilling is mainly to use a rotary table or a downhole power drill to rotate a drill bit to break down rock at the bottom of the well, and this drilling method is called "rotary drilling", and it is difficult to crush the drill bit teeth, which actually break down rock in a "grinding" manner, by means of ordinary drilling to crush the drill bit teeth and bite into the formation. In the prior art, a screw or a turbine drill is used to provide high rotation speed, so that the mechanical drilling speed is improved to a certain extent.
Screw drilling tools currently used in the market have the following drawbacks: during breaking of rock, the drill bit and the rock only produce a "grinding" action in the direction of rotation. After the grinding action, the rotational speed of the screw is reduced, resulting in a reduction in rock breaking efficiency. At the same time, in a downhole working environment, it is difficult to increase the mutual abutment between the drill bit and the rock, which results in further inefficiency in breaking the rock.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing drawbacks or deficiencies in the prior art, it is desirable to provide a downhole drilling tool having axial thrust.
The invention provides a downhole drilling tool with axial thrust, comprising:
A housing assembly having an installation space therein;
the screw rod assembly is arranged in the installation space, and one end of the screw rod assembly extends out of the shell assembly;
the drill bit is fixedly arranged at one end of the screw rod assembly extending out of the shell assembly;
the driving device is arranged in the installation space and comprises a stator and a rotor; the stator is fixedly connected with the shell component; the rotor is fixedly connected with the screw rod assembly; the driving device is used for driving the screw rod assembly and the drill bit to rotate relative to the shell assembly under the action of high-pressure liquid;
the thrust component is arranged in the installation space, and one end of the thrust component is connected with the rotor; when the high-pressure liquid in the installation space passes through the thrust component, axial thrust is provided for the thrust component, and the driving device is filled; the thrust assembly transmits axial thrust through the rotor to the screw assembly and the drill bit.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the thrust assembly comprises:
The first universal shaft is arranged in the installation space, and one end of the first universal shaft is connected with the rotor;
The connector is rotatably arranged in the installation space and is connected with the other end of the first universal shaft; the high-pressure liquid acts on the surface of the connector to generate axial thrust.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the connector is provided with the overflow hole for the high-pressure liquid to pass through.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the circumferential side wall of the connector is provided with a first wear-resistant layer; a second wear layer is provided on the inner sidewall of the housing assembly;
The first wear-resistant layer is mutually abutted with the second wear-resistant layer and used for sliding relatively when the connector and the shell component rotate relatively.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the screw assembly comprises:
The transmission shaft rod is arranged in the installation space, and one end of the transmission shaft rod extends out of the shell assembly; the drill bit is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft lever;
The second universal shaft is arranged in the installation space, one end of the second universal shaft is connected with the transmission shaft rod, and the other end of the second universal shaft is connected with the rotor.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the method further comprises the following steps:
A bearing assembly including an inner race and an outer race that are rotatable relative to each other; the outer ring is fixedly connected with the shell assembly, and the inner ring is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft lever.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the bearing assembly further comprises balls;
The outer surface of the inner ring is provided with a first annular groove; a second annular groove is formed in the inner surface of the outer ring; the balls are disposed between the first annular groove and the second annular groove.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the width of the first annular groove and/or the second annular groove is larger than the diameter of the ball, so that the inner ring can move relative to the outer ring along the axial direction, and the shell component and the screw component can move relative to each other along the axial direction.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The downhole drilling tool includes a housing assembly, a screw assembly mounted within the housing assembly, a drive, and a thrust assembly. The end of the screw rod component extending out of the shell component is provided with a drill bit. In the process of breaking rock, high-pressure liquid is filled into the shell component, and the high-pressure liquid is filled into the driving device after passing through the thrust component to drive the screw rod component to rotate. Providing axial thrust to a thrust assembly as high pressure liquid passes through the thrust assembly; thrust is transmitted to the drill bit via the screw assembly. This way additional axial thrust is provided to the drill bit, increasing the forces generated when the drill bit abuts the rock. The reaction force provided by the rock to the drill bit in the grinding process can drive the screw rod assembly and the drill bit to rebound upwards due to the increase of the acting force; the thrust component connected with the screw component can be acted by high-pressure liquid to drive the screw component and the drill bit to move downwards. Therefore, vibration can be generated in the rock grinding process of the drill bit, and the rock breaking efficiency is improved; at the same time, the drill bit is rebounded and suspended, so that the driving device drives the screw rod component and the drill bit to restore the rotating speed, and the grinding efficiency is ensured.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a downhole drilling tool having axial thrust;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;
FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view at B in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at C;
FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view at D in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at E;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a driving apparatus;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the connector;
wherein: 1. a housing assembly; 2. a screw assembly; 3. a driving device; 4. a stator; 5. a rotor; 6. a thrust assembly; 7. a first universal shaft; 8. a connector; 9. an overflow hole; 10. a transmission shaft lever; 11. a second universal shaft; 12. a connecting shaft; 13. a bearing assembly; 14. an inner ring; 15. an outer ring; 16. a ball; 17. a first annular groove; 18. a second annular groove; 19. a first wear layer; 20. and a second wear layer.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the invention are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a downhole drilling tool with axial thrust, comprising:
a housing assembly 1, wherein an installation space is formed inside the housing assembly 1;
a screw assembly 2, wherein the screw assembly 2 is arranged in the installation space, and one end of the screw assembly extends out of the shell assembly 1;
The drill bit is fixedly arranged at one end of the screw rod assembly 2 extending out of the shell assembly 1;
A driving device 3, wherein the driving device 3 is arranged in the installation space and comprises a stator 4 and a rotor 5; the stator 4 is fixedly connected with the shell assembly 1; the rotor 5 is fixedly connected with the screw assembly 2; the driving device 3 is used for driving the screw rod assembly 2 and the drill bit to rotate relative to the shell assembly 1 under the action of high-pressure liquid filling;
A thrust assembly 6, wherein the thrust assembly 6 is arranged in the installation space, and one end of the thrust assembly is connected with the rotor 5; when the high-pressure liquid in the installation space passes through the thrust assembly 6, axial thrust is provided for the thrust assembly 6, and the driving device 3 is filled; the thrust assembly 6 transmits axial thrust through the rotor 5 to the screw assembly 2 and the drill bit.
Specifically, during use, high pressure liquid is continuously injected into the installation space in the housing assembly 1. The high-pressure liquid is slurry liquid, the flow rate is 2500 to 4500lmp (liter per minute), and the pressure consumption is 12 to 18MPa (megapascals); passes through the thrust assembly 6 and then enters the driving device 3.
Since the section of the thrust assembly 6 remote from the side where the high pressure liquid is injected is not completely immersed by the high pressure liquid. The middle part of the thrust component 6 is connected with the screw component 2, and one end of the screw component 2 far away from the thrust component 6 is connected with a drill bit; in the use process, the drill bit is not completely immersed in the liquid, but is positioned on the rock surface, which is equivalent to that the section of the thrust component 6 is not completely immersed by the liquid, so that the hydraulic pressures on two sides of the thrust component 6 are unbalanced; this causes the thrust assembly 6 to generate an axial thrust.
The high-pressure liquid enters the driving device 3 after passing through the thrust component 6, and drives the rotor 5 to rotate through the liquid pressure, so that the screw rod component 2 is driven to rotate.
Referring to fig. 3 and 7, the stator 4 of the driving device 3 has a plurality of arc-shaped protrusions spirally extending along the inner wall inside, and the rotor 5 has a plurality of arc-shaped protrusions spirally extending along the outer wall. The number of the arc-shaped protrusions in the stator 4 is more than that of the arc-shaped protrusions of the rotor 5. So that a gap is formed between the two after the two are meshed with each other; after the gap is filled with high-pressure liquid, the liquid can be simultaneously contacted with the surfaces of the arc-shaped bulges at the two sides, and an acting force is applied to drive the rotor 5 to roll along the inner side wall of the stator 4, so that the screw assembly 2 rotates.
In particular, this way, when breaking rock, additional axial thrust is provided to the drill bit, acting on the rock. And the reaction force provided by the rock to the drill bit during grinding can drive the screw assembly 2 and the drill bit to rebound upwards. While the axial thrust provided by the thrust assembly 6 will drive the screw assembly 2 and the drill bit downward.
Therefore, vibration can be generated in the rock grinding process of the drill bit, and the rock breaking efficiency is improved; at the same time, the drill bit is rebounded and suspended, so that the driving device 3 drives the screw rod assembly 2 and the drill bit to restore the rotating speed, and the grinding efficiency is ensured.
Further, referring to fig. 2, the thrust assembly 6 includes:
a first universal shaft 7, wherein the first universal shaft 7 is arranged in the installation space, and one end of the first universal shaft 7 is connected with the rotor 5;
The connector 8 is rotatably arranged in the installation space and is connected with the other end of the first universal shaft 7; the high-pressure liquid acts on the surface of the connector 8 to generate axial thrust.
Further, the connector 8 is provided with an overflow hole 9 for the high-pressure liquid to pass through.
Further, referring to fig. 6, the circumferential side wall of the connecting head 8 has a first wear-resistant layer 19 thereon; a second wear layer 20 is provided on the inner side wall of the housing assembly 1;
the first wear layer 19 and the second wear layer 20 are abutted against each other for sliding relatively when the connector 8 and the housing assembly 1 rotate relatively.
Specifically, the connector 8 is rotatably installed in the installation space, and in order to ensure the stability of rotation of the connector 8, it is necessary that the connector 8 is rotated with a fixed axis. The screw assembly 2 will roll with the rotor 5 and it is necessary to convert the roll into a rotation of the joint head 8.
In this embodiment, a first cardan shaft 7 is connected between the rotor 5 and the coupling head 8 to convert the rolling motion of the rotor 5 into rotation.
The plurality of the overflow holes 9 are arranged so that the flow rate of the high-pressure liquid is enough to drive the driving device 3 to drive the screw assembly 2 to rotate.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 8, the cross section of the connector 8 includes an edge portion and a middle portion.
The opening position of the overflow hole 9 is positioned at the edge part of the section of the connector 8. After passing through the flow hole 9, the high-pressure liquid fills the space at the other side of the connector 8; this situation will only hydraulically balance the two sides of the edge portion of the joint 8; since the intermediate section is connected to the screw assembly 2, the hydraulic pressure difference of the intermediate section is not affected.
Therefore, the opening positions and the opening number of the overflow holes 9 do not affect the middle part of the cross section of the connector 8, and the thrust assembly 6 is not affected to provide thrust.
In particular, since in the present embodiment, the screw assembly 2 and the connection head 8 need not only rotate with the rotor 5 but also possibly move in the axial direction; if a common material is used, the wear of the connector 8 and the housing assembly 1 will be significantly increased.
Therefore, the side wall of the connector 8 and the corresponding position of the housing assembly 1 in the embodiment are provided with wear-resistant layers, so that the connector 8 can adapt to the situation, and the connector is ensured to have longer service life.
Further, referring to fig. 4, the screw assembly 2 includes:
A transmission shaft lever 10, wherein the transmission shaft lever 10 is arranged in the installation space, and one end of the transmission shaft lever extends out of the shell component 1; the drill bit is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft lever 10;
the second universal shaft 11, the second universal shaft 11 is arranged in the installation space, one end of the second universal shaft is connected with the transmission shaft lever 10, and the other end of the second universal shaft is connected with the rotor 5.
Specifically, one end of the second universal shaft 11 is connected to the rotor 5 through a connecting shaft 12.
Because the drill bit is required to rotate on a fixed axis during rock breaking; further, as the rotor 5 rolls in the stator 4, the screw assembly 2 is driven to rotate finally; it is necessary to convert the rolling motion of the rotor 5 into rotation of the drill bit.
In this embodiment, the screw assembly 2 is divided into a drive shaft 10 and a second cardan shaft 11. The end of the second cardan shaft 11 connected to the rotor 5 rolls with the rotor 5, the second cardan shaft 11 being able to convert the rolling motion into a rotation of the transmission shaft 10.
Further, referring to fig. 5, further comprising:
a bearing assembly 13, the bearing assembly 13 comprising an inner race 14 and an outer race 15 rotatable relative to each other; the outer ring 15 is fixedly connected with the housing assembly 1, and the inner ring 14 is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft lever 10.
Further, the bearing assembly 13 further comprises balls 16;
The outer surface of the inner ring 14 is provided with a first annular groove 17; a second annular groove 18 is formed in the inner surface of the outer ring 15; the balls 16 are arranged between the first annular groove 17 and the second annular groove 18.
Further, the width of the first annular groove 17 and/or the second annular groove 18 is larger than the diameter of the balls 16, so that the inner ring 14 can move relative to the outer ring 15 in the axial direction, and the housing assembly 1 and the screw assembly 2 can move relative to each other in the axial direction.
Specifically, to maintain stability of the rotation of the drive shaft 10 and the drill bit, a bearing assembly 13 is mounted between the housing assembly 1 and the drive shaft 10.
Since the screw assembly 2 of the present invention will produce axial movement, the inner race 14 of the bearing assembly 13 needs to be axially movable relative to the outer race 15. Thus, the inner ring 14 and the outer ring 15 of the present embodiment are each provided with an annular groove, and the annular grooves are made wider than the balls 16.
This arrangement allows a small amount of axial misalignment between the inner race 14 and the outer race 15 while ensuring that the balls 16 are in the annular grooves therebetween for continued rotation.
Due to the bearing having such a structure, when the drill bit is vibrated by the combined action of the axial thrust and the reaction force of the rock, the screw assembly 2 is axially displaced by a small amount while maintaining stable rotation.
The above description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the scope of the invention referred to in the present invention is not limited to the specific combinations of the technical features described above, but also covers other technical features formed by any combination of the technical features described above or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. Such as the above-mentioned features and the technical features disclosed in the present invention (but not limited to) having similar functions are replaced with each other.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411224436.9A CN118728253B (en) | 2024-09-03 | 2024-09-03 | A downhole drilling tool with axial thrust |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411224436.9A CN118728253B (en) | 2024-09-03 | 2024-09-03 | A downhole drilling tool with axial thrust |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118728253A CN118728253A (en) | 2024-10-01 |
| CN118728253B true CN118728253B (en) | 2024-11-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202411224436.9A Active CN118728253B (en) | 2024-09-03 | 2024-09-03 | A downhole drilling tool with axial thrust |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN118728253B (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106593293A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-04-26 | 倪红坚 | High-speed axial percussion drilling method and device |
| CN106894755A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-06-27 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of waterpower pulse formula is spun helicoid hydraulic motor |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009049470A1 (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-04-23 | Shichang Ye | A bored pile drilling machine |
| CN108716362B (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2023-06-23 | 长江大学 | Hydraulic bearing screw drilling tool |
| CN115822443B (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-05-02 | 四川迪信石油技术有限公司 | High-rotation-speed screw drilling tool system beneficial to prolonging service life and drilling method |
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2024
- 2024-09-03 CN CN202411224436.9A patent/CN118728253B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106593293A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-04-26 | 倪红坚 | High-speed axial percussion drilling method and device |
| CN106894755A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-06-27 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of waterpower pulse formula is spun helicoid hydraulic motor |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN118728253A (en) | 2024-10-01 |
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