CN118716522A - Health-care pig feed for preventing disease and promoting growth and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a health-care pig feed for preventing disease and promoting growth and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of pig feed preparation. The health-care pig feed for preventing disease and promoting growth is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of corn, 100-120 parts of soybean meal, 10-20 parts of fish meal, 8-12 parts of calcium carbonate, 10-25 parts of pumpkin, 2-5 parts of composite additives, 1-4 parts of sodium chloride, and 0.8-1.4 parts of mixed vitamins, wherein the composite additives are composed of microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria and plant extracts. The health-care pig feed prepared by the method can effectively improve the growth rate of pigs.

Description

Health-care pig feed for preventing disease and promoting growth and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pig feed preparation, and particularly relates to a health-care pig feed capable of preventing disease and promoting growth and a preparation method thereof.

Background Art

With consumers' increasing attention to pork quality and safety, as well as the pressure of disease prevention and control, growth efficiency bottlenecks and environmental protection challenges faced by the breeding industry, traditional feeds can no longer meet the development needs of the modern pig farming industry. Therefore, health-care pig feeds that prevent diseases and promote growth have come into being. This feed aims to improve the nutritional value and bioavailability of feeds by scientifically proportioning a variety of nutrients and functional additives, while enhancing the immunity and disease resistance of pigs, thereby promoting the healthy growth of pigs and reducing the occurrence of diseases. In the preparation of feeds, advanced processing technology and technical means, such as microbial fermentation technology and ultrafine grinding technology, are also used to improve the quality and stability of feeds. The application of these technologies not only improves the nutritional value of feeds, but also improves the palatability and digestibility of feeds, making it easier for pigs to accept and make full use of the nutrients in feeds. By feeding this kind of feed, the pig farming industry can not only improve the growth rate and quality of pigs, but also reduce the occurrence of diseases and the use of drugs, reduce breeding costs and environmental pollution risks, and achieve sustainable development.

Patent CN 106942481 A discloses a growth-promoting pig feed additive, which is made by crushing and mixing the following raw materials: horsetail root, gentian, sophora root, arborvitae leaf, coptis root, tangerine peel, lotus seed, acanthopanax bark, pyrrosia, stephania tetrandra, cynomorium songaricum, eucommia bark, and ginkgo leaf. The growth-promoting pig feed additive of the invention can promote the growth and development of pigs, improve the disease resistance of pigs, and can adjust the body's metabolism and supplement nutrition and health care. It can replace traditional antibiotics, reduce drug residues, and improve the economic benefits of farmers. However, the disease prevention and growth-promoting ability of the pig feed additive for pigs still has room for improvement.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a disease-preventing and growth-promoting health-care pig feed and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the technical problem that the prior art pig feed has poor disease-preventing and growth-promoting abilities for pigs.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The invention provides a health-care pig feed for preventing diseases and promoting growth, which is composed of the following ingredients in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of corn, 100-120 parts of soybean meal, 10-20 parts of fish meal, 8-12 parts of calcium carbonate, 10-25 parts of pumpkin, 2-5 parts of composite additives, 1-4 parts of sodium chloride, and 0.8-1.4 parts of mixed vitamins, wherein the composite additives are composed of microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria and plant extracts.

Preferably, the method for preparing the composite additive comprises the following steps:

Q1: Add shellac to ammonium bicarbonate solution, heat and stir to dissolve, continue heating, add sterile deionized water after heating to obtain shellac solution, add soy protein isolate, alginate and trehalose to the shellac solution, swell at room temperature to obtain wall material mother solution;

Q2: After the beneficial bacteria are activated to prepare a beneficial bacteria suspension, the wall material mother solution and the beneficial bacteria suspension are evenly mixed, and then added to a mixed solution of sorbitan oleate and soybean oil for emulsification. During the emulsification process, calcium chloride solution is added, and the mixture is continuously stirred, washed, centrifuged, and freeze-dried to obtain microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria;

Q3: Dry and crush the rattan tea to obtain rattan tea powder, add distilled water, heat and stir, filter while hot to obtain a filtrate, distill under reduced pressure, concentrate, filter after precipitation, recrystallize and then filter to obtain a khaki precipitate, reflux and defatted the khaki precipitate, filter and vacuum dry to obtain an off-white solid, purify the off-white solid by silica gel column chromatography, concentrate under reduced pressure, and recrystallize to obtain a plant extract;

Q4: The microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria are mixed and stirred with the plant extract to obtain a composite additive.

In the above process, firstly, shellac, soy protein isolate, alginate and trehalose are used as raw materials to prepare the wall material mother liquor, which is then mixed with the beneficial bacteria suspension to obtain microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria, and then plant extracts are obtained from rattan tea, and the two are mixed to obtain a composite additive.

Preferably, in Q1, the dosage ratio of shellac, ammonium bicarbonate solution and sterile deionized water is (5-10) g: (100-200) mL: (100-200) mL, the weight fraction of ammonium bicarbonate solution is 2.1 wt%, the heating and stirring temperature is 50-55°C, the stirring speed is 700-800 rpm, the stirring time is 1-2 h, the continued heating temperature is 65-70°C, the heating time is 8-10 min, the dosage ratio of shellac solution, soy protein isolate, alginate and trehalose is (5-10) mL: (2-4) g: (1.5-3) g: (2-4) g, and the swelling time is 24-36 h.

Preferably, in Q2, the beneficial bacteria are composed of one or more combinations of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Pediococcus acidilactici, Candida albicans, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and photosynthetic bacteria; the volume ratio of wall material mother liquor, beneficial bacteria suspension, sorbitan oleate, soybean oil and calcium chloride solution is (97-145.5): (3-4.5): (3-4.5): (300-450): (100-150), the mixing time of wall material mother liquor and beneficial bacteria suspension is 10-12min, the emulsification speed is 1400-1600rpm, the emulsification time is 40-50min, the weight fraction of calcium chloride solution is 1wt%, the added flow rate is 8-10mL/min, washing is carried out with deionized water, the centrifugation temperature is 4-6℃, the centrifugation speed is 5000-5500rpm, and the centrifugation time is 10-15min.

Preferably, in Q3, the dosage ratio of rattan tea powder and distilled water is (1-3) g: (8-24) mL, the heating temperature is 100-110° C., the stirring time is 1-1.5 h, and petroleum ether is added during reflux degreasing; in Q4, the mass ratio of microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria to plant extract is (4-7): (2-5), and the mixing and stirring time is 20-30 min.

Preferably, the mixed vitamins consist of one or more combinations of vitamin E, vitamin K2, vitamin B1, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12.

Preferably, the method for preparing the disease-preventing and growth-promoting health-care pig feed comprises the following steps:

Step (1): Grinding corn, soybean meal, fish meal and pumpkin and then sieving to obtain initial raw materials;

Step (2): adding the initial raw material into an extruder for extrusion, mixing and stirring with calcium carbonate, sodium chloride and mixed vitamins after extrusion, and then extruding and granulating, drying, cooling, and irradiating and sterilizing to obtain a pre-finished product;

Step (3): The pre-finished product is mixed and stirred with the composite additive to obtain a health-care pig feed that prevents disease and promotes growth.

Preferably, in step (1), the particle size of the crushed and sieved particles is 40-60 mesh.

Preferably, in step (2), the temperature of the extruder is 120-140° C., the pressure is 3.1-4.2 MPa, the particle size of the extruded granules is 1-2.2 mm, the drying temperature is 60-80° C., and the drying time is 10-12 h.

Preferably, in step (3), the mixing and stirring time is 10-20 min.

In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The invention uses shellac, soy protein isolate, alginate and trehalose as raw materials to prepare wall material mother liquor, activates beneficial bacteria, prepares beneficial bacteria suspension, mixes the beneficial bacteria suspension with the wall material mother liquor to prepare microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria, obtains plant extract from rattan tea, mixes the two to obtain a composite additive, and adds the composite additive to health pig feed to effectively improve the growth rate of pigs and reduce the disease rate of pigs. After the added beneficial bacteria colonize in the pig's intestine, they can regulate the balance of intestinal flora, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, improve the pig's immunity, and reduce the occurrence of diseases. Beneficial bacteria can secrete a variety of digestive enzymes to help pigs better digest and absorb nutrients in feed, thereby improving feed utilization and promoting pig growth. The presence of wall material mother liquor can encapsulate the beneficial bacteria to form microcapsules. This structure can protect the beneficial bacteria from adverse environmental influences during feed processing, storage and animal digestion, ensuring the activity and stability of the beneficial bacteria. At the same time, the microcapsule structure can also achieve the sustained release of beneficial bacteria in the intestine, allowing the beneficial bacteria to continue to play a role in the intestine, prolonging its action time, and further improving the promotion of pig health. The presence of plant extracts has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects, enhances pig immunity, reduces inflammatory reactions, and promotes healthy growth. Microcapsules and plant extracts work together on the pig's intestine and immune system to form a more comprehensive health promotion effect.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Example 1

This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a composite additive, comprising the following steps:

Q1: Add 7.5g of shellac to 150mL of 2.1wt% ammonium bicarbonate solution, heat to 55°C, stir at 700rpm for 2h, continue to heat to 65°C, heat for 10min, add 150mL of sterile deionized water to obtain a shellac solution, add 3g of soy protein isolate, 2.25g of alginate and 3g of trehalose to the 7.5mL shellac solution, swell at room temperature for 24h to obtain a wall material mother solution;

Q2: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Pediococcus acidilactici, lactic acid bacteria and yeast were activated to prepare beneficial bacteria suspensions, wherein the content of each bacteria was 6×10 ⁹ cfu/mL, 2×10 ⁹ cfu/mL, 0.8×10 ⁹ cfu/mL, 1×10 ¹⁰ cfu/mL and 3×10 ⁹ cfu/mL, respectively. 121 mL of wall material mother solution was mixed with 4 mL of beneficial bacteria suspension for 12 min, and then added to a mixed solution of 3 mL of sorbitan oleate and 375 mL of soybean oil for emulsification, and emulsified at 1600 rpm for 40 min. During the emulsification process, 125 mL of 1 wt% calcium chloride solution was added at a flow rate of 10 mL/min. The mixture was stirred continuously, washed, centrifuged at 4°C, 5000 rpm for 12 min, and freeze-dried to obtain microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria.

Q3: Dry and crush the rattan tea to obtain rattan tea powder, add 2g of rattan tea powder to 16mL of distilled water, heat and stir at 110℃ for 1.5h, filter while hot to obtain a filtrate, distill under reduced pressure, concentrate, filter after precipitation, recrystallize and then filter to obtain a khaki precipitate, add petroleum ether to the khaki precipitate for reflux defatting, filter and vacuum dry to obtain an off-white solid, purify the off-white solid by silica gel column chromatography, concentrate under reduced pressure, and recrystallize to obtain a plant extract;

Q4: 55 g of microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria were mixed with 35 g of plant extract and stirred for 30 min to obtain a composite additive.

The present embodiment discloses a health-care pig feed for preventing disease and promoting growth, which is composed of the following ingredients in parts by weight: 90 parts of corn, 110 parts of soybean meal, 15 parts of fish meal, 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 17.5 parts of pumpkin, 3.5 parts of composite additives, 2.5 parts of sodium chloride, 0.5 parts of vitamin E, 0.3 parts of vitamin K2, and 0.3 parts of vitamin B1.

This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a disease-preventing and growth-promoting health-care pig feed, comprising the following steps:

Step (1): Grind corn, soybean meal, fish meal and pumpkin and pass through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain an initial raw material;

Step (2): adding the initial raw material into an extruder, extruding at 140° C. and 3.5 MPa, mixing and stirring with calcium carbonate, sodium chloride, vitamin E, vitamin K2 and vitamin B1 after extrusion, and then extruding and granulating to a particle size of 1.2 mm, drying at 80° C. for 12 h, cooling, and irradiating for sterilization to obtain a pre-finished product;

Step (3): Mix the pre-finished product with the composite additive and stir for 20 minutes to obtain a health-care pig feed that prevents disease and promotes growth.

Example 2

This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a composite additive, comprising the following steps:

Q1: Add 5g of shellac to 200mL of 2.1wt% ammonium bicarbonate solution, heat to 55°C, stir at 700rpm for 2h, continue to heat to 65°C, heat for 10min, add 100mL of sterile deionized water to obtain a shellac solution, add 2g of soy protein isolate, 1.5g of alginate and 2g of trehalose to 5mL of the shellac solution, swell at room temperature for 24h to obtain the wall material mother solution;

Q2: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Pediococcus acidilactici, lactic acid bacteria and yeast were activated to prepare beneficial bacteria suspensions, wherein the content of each bacteria was 6×10 ⁹ cfu/mL, 2×10 ⁹ cfu/mL, 0.8×10 ⁹ cfu/mL, 1×10 ¹⁰ cfu/mL and 3×10 ⁹ cfu/mL, respectively. 97 mL of wall material mother solution was mixed with 3 mL of beneficial bacteria suspension for 12 min, and then added to a mixed solution of 4 mL of sorbitan oleate and 300 mL of soybean oil for emulsification, and emulsified at 1600 rpm for 40 min. During the emulsification process, 100 mL of 1 wt% calcium chloride solution was added at a flow rate of 10 mL/min. The mixture was stirred continuously, washed, centrifuged at 4°C, 5000 rpm for 12 min, and freeze-dried to obtain microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria.

Q3: Dry and crush the rattan tea to obtain rattan tea powder, add 1g of rattan tea powder to 8mL of distilled water, heat and stir at 110℃ for 1.5h, filter while hot to obtain a filtrate, distill under reduced pressure, concentrate, filter after precipitation, recrystallize and then filter to obtain a khaki precipitate, add petroleum ether to the khaki precipitate for reflux defatting, filter and vacuum dry to obtain an off-white solid, purify the off-white solid by silica gel column chromatography, concentrate under reduced pressure, and recrystallize to obtain a plant extract;

Q4: 40 g of microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria were mixed with 20 g of plant extract and stirred for 30 min to obtain a composite additive.

The present embodiment discloses a health-care pig feed for preventing disease and promoting growth, which is composed of the following ingredients in parts by weight: 80 parts of corn, 100 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of fish meal, 8 parts of calcium carbonate, 10 parts of pumpkin, 2 parts of composite additives, 1 part of sodium chloride, 0.4 parts of vitamin E, 0.2 parts of vitamin K2, and 0.2 parts of vitamin B1.

This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a disease-preventing and growth-promoting health-care pig feed, comprising the following steps:

Step (1): Grind corn, soybean meal, fish meal and pumpkin and pass through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain an initial raw material;

Step (2): adding the initial raw material into an extruder, extruding at 140° C. and 3.5 MPa, mixing and stirring with calcium carbonate, sodium chloride, vitamin E, vitamin K2 and vitamin B1 after extrusion, and then extruding and granulating to a particle size of 1.2 mm, drying at 80° C. for 12 h, cooling, and irradiating for sterilization to obtain a pre-finished product;

Step (3): Mix the pre-finished product with the composite additive and stir for 20 minutes to obtain a health-care pig feed that prevents disease and promotes growth.

Example 3

This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a composite additive, comprising the following steps:

Q1: 10 g of shellac was added to 100 mL of 2.1 wt% ammonium bicarbonate solution, heated to 55°C, stirred at 700 rpm for 2 h, and then heated to 65°C for 10 min. 200 mL of sterile deionized water was added to obtain a shellac solution. 4 g of soy protein isolate, 3 g of alginate and 4 g of trehalose were added to the 10 mL shellac solution. The wall material mother solution was obtained after swelling at room temperature for 24 h.

Q2: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Pediococcus acidilactici, lactic acid bacteria and yeast were activated to prepare beneficial bacteria suspensions, wherein the content of each bacteria was 6×10 ⁹ cfu/mL, 2×10 ⁹ cfu/mL, 0.8×10 ⁹ cfu/mL, 1×10 ¹⁰ cfu/mL and 3×10 ⁹ cfu/mL, respectively. 145 mL of wall material mother solution was mixed with 4.5 mL of beneficial bacteria suspension for 12 min, and then added to a mixed solution of 4.5 mL of sorbitan oleate and 450 mL of soybean oil for emulsification, and emulsified at 1600 rpm for 40 min. During the emulsification process, 150 mL of 1 wt% calcium chloride solution was added at a flow rate of 10 mL/min. The mixture was stirred continuously, washed, centrifuged at 4°C, 5000 rpm for 12 min, and freeze-dried to obtain microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria.

Q3: Dry and crush the rattan tea to obtain rattan tea powder, add 3g of rattan tea powder to 24mL of distilled water, heat and stir at 110℃ for 1.5h, filter while hot to obtain a filtrate, distill under reduced pressure, concentrate, filter after precipitation, recrystallize and then filter to obtain a khaki precipitate, add petroleum ether to the khaki precipitate for reflux defatting, filter and vacuum dry to obtain an off-white solid, purify the off-white solid by silica gel column chromatography, concentrate under reduced pressure, and recrystallize to obtain a plant extract;

Q4: 70 g of microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria were mixed with 50 g of plant extract and stirred for 30 min to obtain a composite additive.

The present embodiment discloses a health-care pig feed for preventing disease and promoting growth, which is composed of the following ingredients in parts by weight: 100 parts of corn, 120 parts of soybean meal, 20 parts of fish meal, 12 parts of calcium carbonate, 25 parts of pumpkin, 5 parts of composite additives, 4 parts of sodium chloride, 0.7 parts of vitamin E, 0.3 parts of vitamin K2, and 0.4 parts of vitamin B1.

This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a disease-preventing and growth-promoting health-care pig feed, comprising the following steps:

Step (1): Grind corn, soybean meal, fish meal and pumpkin and pass through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain an initial raw material;

Step (2): adding the initial raw material into an extruder, extruding at 140° C. and 3.5 MPa, mixing and stirring with calcium carbonate, sodium chloride, vitamin E, vitamin K2 and vitamin B1 after extrusion, and then extruding and granulating to a particle size of 1.2 mm, drying at 80° C. for 12 h, cooling, and irradiating for sterilization to obtain a pre-finished product;

Step (3): Mix the pre-finished product with the composite additive and stir for 20 minutes to obtain a health-care pig feed that prevents disease and promotes growth.

Example 4

This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a composite additive, comprising the following steps:

Q1: Add 6g of shellac to 120mL of 2.1wt% ammonium bicarbonate solution, heat to 55°C, stir at 700rpm for 2h, continue to heat to 65°C, heat for 10min, add 180mL of sterile deionized water to obtain a shellac solution, add 2.5g of soy protein isolate, 1.7g of alginate and 2.5g of trehalose to 8mL of the shellac solution, swell at room temperature for 24h to obtain the wall material mother solution;

Q2: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Pediococcus acidilactici, lactic acid bacteria and yeast were activated to prepare beneficial bacteria suspensions, wherein the content of each bacteria was 6×10 ⁹ cfu/mL, 2×10 ⁹ cfu/mL, 0.8×10 ⁹ cfu/mL, 1×10 ¹⁰ cfu/mL and 3×10 ⁹ cfu/mL, respectively. 109 mL of wall material mother solution was mixed with 3.5 mL of beneficial bacteria suspension for 12 min, and then added to a mixed solution of 3.5 mL of sorbitan oleate and 350 mL of soybean oil for emulsification, and emulsified at 1600 rpm for 40 min. During the emulsification process, 110 mL of 1 wt% calcium chloride solution was added at a flow rate of 10 mL/min. The mixture was stirred continuously, washed, centrifuged at 4°C, 5000 rpm for 12 min, and freeze-dried to obtain microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria.

Q3: Dry and crush the rattan tea to obtain rattan tea powder, add 1.5 g of rattan tea powder to 10 mL of distilled water, heat and stir at 110°C for 1.5 h, filter while hot to obtain a filtrate, distill under reduced pressure, concentrate, filter after precipitation, recrystallize and then filter to obtain a khaki precipitate, add petroleum ether to the khaki precipitate for reflux defatting, filter and vacuum dry to obtain an off-white solid, purify the off-white solid by silica gel column chromatography, concentrate under reduced pressure, and recrystallize to obtain a plant extract;

Q4: 60 g of microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria were mixed with 30 g of plant extract and stirred for 30 min to obtain a composite additive.

The present embodiment discloses a health-care pig feed for preventing disease and promoting growth, which is composed of the following ingredients in parts by weight: 85 parts of corn, 105 parts of soybean meal, 12 parts of fish meal, 9 parts of calcium carbonate, 12 parts of pumpkin, 4 parts of composite additives, 2 parts of sodium chloride, 0.4 parts of vitamin E, 0.3 parts of vitamin K2, and 0.2 parts of vitamin B1.

This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a disease-preventing and growth-promoting health-care pig feed, comprising the following steps:

Step (1): Grind corn, soybean meal, fish meal and pumpkin and pass through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain an initial raw material;

Step (2): adding the initial raw material into an extruder, extruding at 140° C. and 3.5 MPa, mixing and stirring with calcium carbonate, sodium chloride, vitamin E, vitamin K2 and vitamin B1 after extrusion, and then extruding and granulating to a particle size of 1.2 mm, drying at 80° C. for 12 h, cooling, and irradiating for sterilization to obtain a pre-finished product;

Step (3): Mix the pre-finished product with the composite additive and stir for 20 minutes to obtain a health-care pig feed that prevents disease and promotes growth.

Example 5

This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a composite additive, comprising the following steps:

Q1: 8 g of shellac was added to 180 mL of 2.1 wt% ammonium bicarbonate solution, heated to 55°C, stirred at 700 rpm for 2 h, then continued to heat to 65°C for 10 min, and then 120 mL of sterile deionized water was added to obtain a shellac solution. 3.5 g of soy protein isolate, 2.8 g of alginate and 3.5 g of trehalose were added to 7 mL of the shellac solution, and the wall material mother solution was obtained after swelling at room temperature for 24 h.

Q2: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Pediococcus acidilactici, lactic acid bacteria and yeast were activated to prepare beneficial bacteria suspensions, wherein the content of each bacteria was 6×10 ⁹ cfu/mL, 2×10 ⁹ cfu/mL, 0.8×10 ⁹ cfu/mL, 1×10 ¹⁰ cfu/mL and 3×10 ⁹ cfu/mL, respectively. 133 mL of wall material mother solution was mixed with 4.2 mL of beneficial bacteria suspension for 12 min, and then added to a mixed solution of 3.1 mL of sorbitan oleate and 320 mL of soybean oil for emulsification, and emulsified at 1600 rpm for 40 min. During the emulsification process, 140 mL of 1 wt% calcium chloride solution was added at a flow rate of 10 mL/min. The mixture was stirred continuously, washed, centrifuged at 4°C, 5000 rpm for 12 min, and freeze-dried to obtain microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria.

Q3: Dry and crush the rattan tea to obtain rattan tea powder, add 2.5 g of rattan tea powder to 18 mL of distilled water, heat and stir at 110°C for 1.5 h, filter while hot to obtain a filtrate, distill under reduced pressure, concentrate, filter after precipitation, recrystallize and then filter to obtain a khaki precipitate, add petroleum ether to the khaki precipitate for reflux defatting, filter and vacuum dry to obtain an off-white solid, purify the off-white solid by silica gel column chromatography, concentrate under reduced pressure, and recrystallize to obtain a plant extract;

Q4: 50 g of microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria were mixed with 40 g of plant extract and stirred for 30 min to obtain a composite additive.

The present embodiment discloses a health-care pig feed for preventing disease and promoting growth, which is composed of the following ingredients in parts by weight: 95 parts of corn, 115 parts of soybean meal, 17 parts of fish meal, 11 parts of calcium carbonate, 22 parts of pumpkin, 3 parts of composite additives, 3 parts of sodium chloride, 0.7 parts of vitamin E, 0.3 parts of vitamin K2, and 0.2 parts of vitamin B1.

This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a disease-preventing and growth-promoting health-care pig feed, comprising the following steps:

Step (1): Grind corn, soybean meal, fish meal and pumpkin and pass through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain an initial raw material;

Step (2): adding the initial raw material into an extruder, extruding at 140° C. and 3.5 MPa, mixing and stirring with calcium carbonate, sodium chloride, vitamin E, vitamin K2 and vitamin B1 after extrusion, and then extruding and granulating to a particle size of 1.2 mm, drying at 80° C. for 12 h, cooling, and irradiating for sterilization to obtain a pre-finished product;

Step (3): Mix the pre-finished product with the composite additive and stir for 20 minutes to obtain a health-care pig feed that prevents disease and promotes growth.

Comparative Example 1

Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 1, in the preparation process of the composite additive in Comparative Example 1, no wall material mother liquid is added, and other conditions remain unchanged.

Comparative Example 2

Comparative Example 2 Compared with Example 1, in the preparation process of the composite additive in Comparative Example 2, no plant extract is added, and other conditions remain unchanged.

Comparative Example 3

Comparative Example 3 Compared with Example 1, in the preparation process of the composite additive in Comparative Example 3, no microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria are added, and other conditions remain unchanged.

Comparative Example 4

Comparative Example 4 Compared with Example 1, in the preparation process of the health-care pig feed in Comparative Example 4, no composite additive was added, and other conditions remained unchanged.

54 pigs were randomly divided into 9 treatment groups, each with 6 replicates, and the test period was 90 days. During the breeding process, the pigs divided into different groups were fed with the health-care pig feed prepared according to the methods of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4. All pigs were fed three times a day during the whole period (7:30 in the morning, 12:00 at noon, and 17:30 in the afternoon). During the breeding process, the pig house was kept clean and well ventilated, disinfectant was sprayed regularly for protection and disinfection, and the excrement on the feces collecting board was cleaned regularly to observe whether the feces were abnormal, and the growth and health of the test pigs were closely observed. The fasting stomach of the pigs was weighed in units of replicates on the start day and the end day of the test, and the feed was cut off for 12 hours before weighing. After the test, the average daily weight gain, feed-to-weight ratio, and the number of pigs with diarrhea during the test were calculated according to the feed intake of each replicate. The results are shown in Table 1:

Table 1

project Average daily weight gain/kg Material weight ratio Number of diarrhea Example 1 0.67±0.034 1.02±0.21 0 Example 2 0.65±0.028 1.05±0.15 0 Example 3 0.64±0.031 1.08±0.11 0 Example 4 0.62±0.033 1.11±0.28 0 Example 5 0.62±0.045 1.14±0.18 0 Comparative Example 1 0.50±0.012 1.63±0.25 1 Comparative Example 2 0.49±0.032 1.54±0.32 1 Comparative Example 3 0.49±0.015 1.65±0.23 2 Comparative Example 4 0.47±0.046 1.68±0.18 2

It can be seen from the test results in Table 1 that the health-care pig feed prepared by Examples 1-5 of the present invention has excellent disease prevention and growth-promoting performance. By comparing Comparative Example 1 with Examples 1-5, it can be seen that the addition of wall material mother liquor can make the prepared health-care pig feed have excellent disease prevention and growth-promoting performance; by comparing Comparative Example 2 with Examples 1-5, it can be seen that the addition of plant extracts can make the prepared health-care pig feed have excellent disease prevention and growth-promoting performance; by comparing Comparative Example 3 with Examples 1-5, it can be seen that the addition of microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria can make the prepared health-care pig feed have excellent disease prevention and growth-promoting performance; by comparing Comparative Example 4 with Examples 1-5, it can be seen that the addition of composite additives can make the prepared health-care pig feed have excellent disease prevention and growth-promoting performance.

The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A health-care pig feed for preventing diseases and promoting growth, characterized in that it is composed of the following ingredients in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of corn, 100-120 parts of soybean meal, 10-20 parts of fish meal, 8-12 parts of calcium carbonate, 10-25 parts of pumpkin, 2-5 parts of compound additives, 1-4 parts of sodium chloride, and 0.8-1.4 parts of mixed vitamins, wherein the compound additives are composed of microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria and plant extracts. 2. The disease-preventing and growth-promoting health-care pig feed according to claim 1, characterized in that the preparation method of the composite additive comprises the following steps: Q1: Add shellac to ammonium bicarbonate solution, heat and stir to dissolve, continue heating, add sterile deionized water after heating to obtain shellac solution, add soy protein isolate, alginate and trehalose to the shellac solution, swell at room temperature to obtain wall material mother solution; Q2: After the beneficial bacteria are activated to prepare a beneficial bacteria suspension, the wall material mother solution and the beneficial bacteria suspension are evenly mixed, and then added to a mixed solution of sorbitan oleate and soybean oil for emulsification. During the emulsification process, calcium chloride solution is added, and the mixture is continuously stirred, washed, centrifuged, and freeze-dried to obtain microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria; Q3: Dry and crush the rattan tea to obtain rattan tea powder, add distilled water, heat and stir, filter while hot to obtain a filtrate, distill under reduced pressure, concentrate, filter after precipitation, recrystallize and then filter to obtain a khaki precipitate, reflux and defatted the khaki precipitate, filter and vacuum dry to obtain an off-white solid, purify the off-white solid by silica gel column chromatography, concentrate under reduced pressure, and recrystallize to obtain a plant extract; Q4: The microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria are mixed and stirred with the plant extract to obtain a composite additive. 3. The disease-preventing and growth-promoting health-care pig feed according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in Q1, the dosage ratio of shellac, ammonium bicarbonate solution and sterile deionized water is (5-10) g: (100-200) mL: (100-200) mL, the weight fraction of ammonium bicarbonate solution is 2.1 wt%, the heating and stirring temperature is 50-55°C, the stirring speed is 700-800 rpm, the stirring time is 1-2 h, the continued heating temperature is 65-70°C, the heating time is 8-10 min, the dosage ratio of shellac solution, soy protein isolate, alginate and trehalose is (5-10) mL: (2-4) g: (1.5-3) g: (2-4) g, and the swelling time is 24-36 h. 4. The disease-preventing and growth-promoting health-care pig feed according to claim 2, characterized in that in Q2, the beneficial bacteria are composed of one or more combinations of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Pediococcus acidilactici, Candida ruanogenes, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and photosynthetic bacteria; the volume ratio of the wall material mother liquid, the beneficial bacteria suspension, sorbitan oleate, soybean oil and calcium chloride solution is (97-145.5): (3-4.5): (3-4.5): (300- 450): (100-150), the mixing time of the wall material mother liquid and the beneficial bacteria suspension is 10-12min, the emulsification speed is 1400-1600rpm, the emulsification time is 40-50min, the weight fraction of the calcium chloride solution is 1wt%, the added flow rate is 8-10mL/min, washing is performed with deionized water, the centrifugal temperature is 4-6°C, the centrifugal speed is 5000-5500rpm, and the centrifugal time is 10-15min. 5. The disease-preventing and growth-promoting health-care pig feed according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in Q3, the dosage ratio of rattan tea powder and distilled water is (1-3) g: (8-24) mL, the heating temperature is 100-110° C., the stirring time is 1-1.5 h, and petroleum ether is added during reflux degreasing; in Q4, the mass ratio of microcapsules containing beneficial bacteria to plant extracts is (4-7): (2-5), and the mixing and stirring time is 20-30 min. 6. The disease-preventing and growth-promoting health-care pig feed according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixed vitamins are composed of one or more combinations of vitamin E, vitamin K2, vitamin B1, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12. 7. The method for preparing the disease-preventing and growth-promoting health-care pig feed according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Step (1): Grinding corn, soybean meal, fish meal and pumpkin and then sieving to obtain initial raw materials; Step (2): adding the initial raw material into an extruder for extrusion, mixing and stirring with calcium carbonate, sodium chloride and mixed vitamins after extrusion, and then extruding and granulating, drying, cooling, and irradiating and sterilizing to obtain a pre-finished product; Step (3): The pre-finished product and the composite additive are mixed and stirred to obtain a health-care pig feed that prevents disease and promotes growth. 8. The method for preparing a disease-preventing and growth-promoting health-care pig feed according to claim 7, characterized in that in the step (1), the particle size of the crushed and sieved material is 40-60 mesh. 9. The method for preparing a disease-preventing and growth-promoting health-care pig feed according to claim 7, characterized in that, in the step (2), the temperature of the extruder is 120-140°C, the pressure is 3.1-4.2MPa, the particle size of the extrusion granulation is 1-2.2mm, the drying temperature is 60-80°C, and the drying time is 10-12h. 10. The method for preparing disease-preventing and growth-promoting health-care pig feed according to claim 7, characterized in that in the step (3), the mixing and stirring time is 10-20 minutes.