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CN118700816B - Sorting robot - Google Patents

Sorting robot Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118700816B
CN118700816B CN202410967655.XA CN202410967655A CN118700816B CN 118700816 B CN118700816 B CN 118700816B CN 202410967655 A CN202410967655 A CN 202410967655A CN 118700816 B CN118700816 B CN 118700816B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
connecting arm
sorting robot
sorting
arm
express
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202410967655.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN118700816A (en
Inventor
党建民
王传彬
乔万冠
刘志坚
朱元彩
张恒
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jiangsu Jianzhu Institute
Original Assignee
Jiangsu Jianzhu Institute
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Jiangsu Jianzhu Institute filed Critical Jiangsu Jianzhu Institute
Priority to CN202410967655.XA priority Critical patent/CN118700816B/en
Publication of CN118700816A publication Critical patent/CN118700816A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN118700816B publication Critical patent/CN118700816B/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K7/0007Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J15/00Gripping heads and other end effectors
    • B25J15/02Gripping heads and other end effectors servo-actuated
    • B25J15/0206Gripping heads and other end effectors servo-actuated comprising articulated grippers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J15/00Gripping heads and other end effectors
    • B25J15/06Gripping heads and other end effectors with vacuum or magnetic holding means
    • B25J15/0616Gripping heads and other end effectors with vacuum or magnetic holding means with vacuum
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J15/00Gripping heads and other end effectors
    • B25J15/08Gripping heads and other end effectors having finger members
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J5/00Manipulators mounted on wheels or on carriages
    • B25J5/007Manipulators mounted on wheels or on carriages mounted on wheels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/16Programme controls
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G15/00Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
    • B60G15/02Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G3/00Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
    • B60G3/18Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/04Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
    • B62D5/0442Conversion of rotational into longitudinal movement

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a sorting robot, which realizes the travelling of the sorting robot through a travelling mechanism, can improve the shock absorption performance and reduce the requirement on a road surface, and can sort express packages with different sizes into corresponding carts through the cooperation of a rotating mechanism and a clamping mechanism, thereby realizing the sorting of the express packages. The novel hydraulic bicycle is characterized by comprising a travelling mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a clamping mechanism, wherein the travelling mechanism consists of a bicycle shell, a first rotating shaft, a tire, a driving motor placing shell, a U-shaped connecting piece, a first hinging piece, a first telescopic rod, a second hinging piece, a connecting rod, a damping gasket, a second telescopic rod, a spring and a damper, the side surface of the bicycle shell is provided with a connecting groove, the notch of the connecting groove is flush with the side surface of the circumferential bicycle shell, the bicycle shell is of a hollow structure, and fluid is filled in the bicycle shell in an unsaturated mode.

Description

Sorting robot
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sorting robot for sorting express packages, belongs to the technical field of intelligent logistics, and particularly relates to a sorting robot for realizing the travel of the sorting robot through a travelling mechanism, improving the shock absorption performance and reducing the requirement on a road surface, and sorting the express packages with different sizes into corresponding carts through the cooperation of a clamping mechanism of the travelling mechanism.
Background
Along with the development of society, online shopping has become a main shopping mode of consumers, in the process of sending express packages from an originating place to a destination, the express packages are required to be sorted and stacked to a plurality of different sorting openings according to the difference of the destination, then the express packages stacked at the different sorting openings are conveyed to corresponding express package loading points of the sorting openings through a mobile device such as a trolley and the like, the transfer of the express packages is realized, the way of sorting the express packages stacked at the sorting openings to the trolley is mainly based on manpower at present, but the labor efficiency is low, the labor intensity is high, different staff are required to be arranged at the different sorting openings, the labor cost is high, therefore, the sorting robot can simultaneously consider the sorting openings, after a preset time interval, the same sorting robot moves from one sorting opening to the other sorting opening, the express packages at the different sorting openings are sorted to the corresponding trolley, the side slip efficiency is high, the manual cost is low, the walking base of the existing sorting robot is generally in front and back of the two sides of the structure, the two sides of the existing sorting robot are not suitable for turning to the tire, and the tire is not easy to move to the tire from the two sides to the front and the two sides of the tire sides, and the tire is not easy to turn to the tire to the other tire sides, and the tire is easy to move to the tire is easy to be turned to the tire to the two sides and the tire sides is easy to be turned to the tire sides to be turned; and the gravity center is higher, no damping device is arranged, when the sorting robot encounters uneven ground in the process of moving from one sorting port to the other sorting port, the sorting robot can bounce up and down due to repeated hard impact, the abrasion of the sorting robot is easy to be caused, meanwhile, the existing sorting robot is generally arranged to move the express packages from a stacking point to the trolley through a hand-grabbing mechanical clamping jaw, the small-size express packages can be easily clamped and moved, the large-size express packages cannot be effectively clamped by the hand-grabbing mechanical clamping jaw or only a part of the large-size express packages can be clamped by the hand-grabbing mechanical clamping jaw, the clamping force is small, the express packages can be possibly dropped down, the damage to the express packages is caused, the sorting efficiency is reduced, and the existing sorting robot moves all the express packages with different sizes at the same sorting opening into the same trolley, so that the large-size express packages are stacked on the small-size express packages, the damage to the small-size express packages is easily caused, the space utilization rate of the trolley is low, and the follow-up loading work is not facilitated.
The publication number CN117484470A discloses a mobile cooperative robot, which comprises a manipulator, a mobile chassis and a camera, wherein the mobile chassis comprises a base and a driving mechanism, the manipulator is arranged on the base and is used for driving the base to move, at least one section of manipulator forms an included angle of less than 60 degrees relative to a horizontal plane when grabbing express delivery, the section of manipulator is called a transverse arm, the camera is movably arranged on the transverse arm of the manipulator and is used for shooting the inclined lower part of the manipulator, and a control module is arranged on the base and is electrically connected with the camera, the driving mechanism and the manipulator. The driving mechanism of the mobile cooperative robot is of a crawler-type structure, is low in running speed, large in contact area with the ground, large in friction force, difficult to turn, incapable of achieving in-situ turning, poor in flexibility, inapplicable to narrow roads and warehouses with limited space, high in gravity center, free of a damping device, capable of being repeatedly impacted by hard impacts to bounce up and down when encountering uneven ground, capable of easily causing dropping of express packages moved by the sorting robot to affect safe sorting of the express packages, meanwhile, the manipulator of the mobile cooperative robot is used for grabbing the express packages in a mode of simulating a human hand, capable of easily clamping and moving for express packages with larger size, incapable of effectively clamping the express packages or only clamping a part of the express packages by the hand-grabbing mechanical clamping jaw, small in clamping the express packages to a corresponding container, capable of causing dropping of the express packages, damaging the express packages, and reducing sorting efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the situation, the sorting robot provided by the invention has the advantages that the travelling of the sorting robot is realized through the travelling mechanism, the shock absorption performance can be improved, the requirement on a road surface is reduced, the express packages with different sizes can be sorted into corresponding carts through the cooperation of the rotating mechanism and the clamping mechanism, and the sorting of the express packages is realized.
The sorting robot is realized in such a way that the sorting robot comprises a travelling mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a clamping mechanism,
The travelling mechanism consists of a disc vehicle shell, a first rotating shaft, a tire, a driving motor placing shell, a U-shaped connecting piece, a first hinging piece, a first telescopic rod, a second hinging piece, a connecting rod, a shock absorption gasket, a second telescopic rod, a spring and a damper,
The side surface of the disc car shell is provided with a connecting groove, the notch of the connecting groove is flush with the side surface of the circumference car shell,
Preferably, the disc shell is of a hollow structure, and the disc shell is filled with fluid in a non-saturated manner;
preferably, a plurality of connecting grooves are arranged circumferentially and equidistantly along the side surface of the circumferential vehicle shell,
One end of the connecting rod is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the connecting groove, the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably arranged at one end of the U-shaped connecting piece through the second hinging piece,
The two sides of the connecting rod are respectively and correspondingly provided with a first telescopic rod, one end of the first telescopic rod is arranged at the bottom of the connecting groove, the other end of the first telescopic rod is respectively and correspondingly and rotatably arranged at the side surface of one end of the U-shaped connecting piece through a first hinging piece,
A driving motor placing shell is arranged between two side surfaces of the U-shaped connecting piece, one end of the driving motor placing shell is arranged on the inner side surface of one end of the U-shaped connecting piece, the driving motor is arranged in the driving motor placing shell,
One end of a group of dampers is correspondingly arranged on the top surface and the bottom surface of the driving motor placing shell respectively, one end of a second telescopic rod is arranged at the other end of the damper, the other end of the second telescopic rod is correspondingly arranged on the two inner side surfaces of the U-shaped connecting piece respectively through damping gaskets,
The spring is sleeved on the side surface of the second telescopic rod,
Preferably, a plurality of dampers are arranged in the same group, the dampers are equidistantly arranged along the length direction of the driving motor placing shell,
Preferably, the top surface and the bottom surface of the driving motor placing shell are respectively and correspondingly provided with one end of a rubber column, the other end of the rubber column is respectively and correspondingly arranged on the two inner side surfaces of the U-shaped connecting piece, a plurality of rubber columns are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the driving motor placing shell, the rubber columns and the damper are staggered,
One end of a first rotating shaft penetrates through a through hole formed in the other end of the driving motor placing shell and is connected with a motor shaft of the driving motor, a bearing is arranged between the first rotating shaft and the driving motor placing shell,
The other end of the first rotating shaft is connected with the wheel shaft of the tire,
Preferably, the walking mechanism is also provided with a detection mechanism, the detection mechanism consists of a first camera, a fixed disc and a supporting rod,
The supporting rod is arranged on the top surface of the disc shell,
The bottom surface of the fixed disk is arranged on the top surface of the supporting rod, the first camera is arranged on the top surface of the fixed disk,
The rotating mechanism consists of a fixed bottom plate, a first connecting arm, a second connecting arm, a third connecting arm, a fourth connecting arm and a rotating motor placing shell,
One end of the first connecting arm is rotationally connected with the top surface of the disc car shell through a fixed bottom plate,
One end of the second connecting arm is rotationally connected with the other end of the first connecting arm, the other end of the second connecting arm is rotationally connected with one end of the third connecting arm, the other end of the third connecting arm is connected with one end of the fourth connecting arm, the height of one end of the second connecting arm is smaller than that of the other end,
The rotating motor placing shell is embedded in a through groove formed at the other end of the fourth connecting arm, the rotating motor is arranged in the rotating motor placing shell,
The clamping mechanism consists of a connecting shaft, a fixed sleeve, a connecting plate, a sucker, a second camera, a vacuum pump, a first hook connecting piece, a second hook connecting piece, a clamping jaw, an air cylinder, a clamping jaw connecting arm and a pushing arm,
One end of the second rotating shaft penetrates through a through hole formed in the rotating motor placing shell and is connected with a motor shaft of the rotating motor, a bearing is arranged between the second rotating shaft and the rotating motor placing shell,
The other end of the second rotating shaft is connected with the fixed sleeve,
The fixing sleeve is sleeved on the side surface of the connecting shaft through a through hole formed in the middle part, one end of the connecting shaft is arranged on the vacuum pump, the connecting plate is arranged on the vacuum pump, the sucking disc is arranged on the connecting plate, one end of the communicating pipe is connected with the air outlet of the vacuum pump and communicated with the sucking disc, the other end of the communicating pipe penetrates through the through hole formed in the connecting plate and is connected with the sucking disc and communicated with the sucking disc,
The second camera is arranged on the bottom surface of the connecting plate, the ranging sensor is arranged on the bottom surface of the connecting plate,
The other end of the connecting shaft is arranged at one end of the air cylinder,
Preferably, the connecting shaft is a double-rod type cylinder,
One end of the pushing arm is slidably arranged in the cylinder, the other end of the pushing arm is provided with a second claw connecting piece,
The first hook claw connecting piece is sleeved on the side surface of the pushing arm through a through hole formed in the middle part, the length of the first hook claw connecting piece is longer than that of the second hook claw connecting piece,
One end of a clamping jaw is correspondingly hinged at two ends of the first hook claw connecting piece, one end of a clamping jaw connecting arm is correspondingly hinged at two ends of the second hook claw connecting piece, the other end of the clamping jaw connecting arm is correspondingly hinged at one third of the clamping jaw,
The extension lines of the other ends of the two clamping jaws are overlapped with the extension lines of the other ends of the pushing arms,
Preferably, the side surface of the other end of the clamping jaw is equidistantly provided with a plurality of anti-skid patterns,
Preferably, the sorting robot controls steering by a sort of sorting robot steering system;
the invention also relates to a sorting robot steering system, which is characterized by comprising a line speed sensor, a line direction sensor, a central processor and a central controller, wherein the line speed sensor is connected with the central processor through a data line, the line direction sensor is connected with the central processor through a data line, the central controller is connected with two first telescopic rods through a data transmission line, the central processor converts digital signals into electric signals, and the sorting robot steering system comprises the following steps when being executed:
The speed sensor collects the running speed of the sorting robot, transmits real-time signals to the central processing unit, when the sorting robot turns, the line direction sensor transmits expected signals to the central processing unit, the central processing unit calculates deviation by comparing the expected signals with the real-time signals, and adjusts and controls the telescopic lengths of the two first telescopic rods in real time according to the deviation amount, so that the two first telescopic rods have length differences, the two first telescopic rods drive the U-shaped connecting pieces to turn, the U-shaped connecting pieces drive the driving motor to turn, and the driving motor drives the tires to turn, thereby realizing the purpose of turning the sorting robot.
Preferably, the sorting robot controls the rotation of the connecting arm through a sorting robot rotation system;
the invention also relates to a sorting robot rotating system which is characterized by comprising a ranging sensor, a central processor and a central controller, wherein the ranging sensor is connected with the central processor through a data line, the central processor is connected with the central controller through a data line, a servo motor is connected with the central controller through a data line, the servo motor is respectively connected with a first connecting arm, a second connecting arm and a third connecting arm through a gear transmission device, the central processor converts digital signals into electric signals, and the sorting robot rotating control system comprises the following steps when being executed:
The distance measuring sensor collects the distance from the clamping jaw or the sucking disc to the target position, transmits a real-time signal to the central processing unit, compares the distance data with a preset distance, calculates the deviation between the clamping jaw or the sucking disc and the target position, sends the deviation to the central processing unit, performs path planning according to the distance deviation, determines the optimal path from the current position to the target position of the clamping jaw or the sucking disc, calculates the angles and the positions of the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm and the third connecting arm, ensures that the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm and the third connecting arm can move according to a preset path, sends an instruction to the servo motor according to the calculation result, drives the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm and the third connecting arm to move by the servo motor in the moving process, the central controller continuously receives feedback information from the ranging sensor, and adjusts the movements of the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm and the third connecting arm in real time according to the information, so that the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm and the third connecting arm can accurately move according to a preset path, after the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm and the third connecting arm reach a target position, after the clamping jaw or the sucking disc stably grabs express packages, the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm and the third connecting arm sort the express packages with different sizes into corresponding carts according to the preset path, after the express packages are successfully sorted, the central controller can confirm that tasks are completed and send instructions to the servo motor, the servo motor drives the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm and the third connecting arm to reversely move and return to an initial position, sorting of the next express packages is performed, and sorting is performed on the express packages of each sorting opening in a round-and-round manner.
Preferably, the sorting robot further comprises a control system, the control system comprising a signal converter, a data processor and a controller,
The signal converter is arranged on the disc vehicle shell, the data processor is arranged on the disc vehicle shell, the controller is arranged on the disc vehicle shell,
The first camera and the second camera are connected with the signal converter through a data line,
The driving motor, the rotating motor, the vacuum pump and the air cylinder are respectively connected with the controller through data transmission lines,
The signal converter is connected with the data processor through a data transmission line, the data processor is connected with the controller through a data transmission line,
The signal converter can convert the electric signals of the image data acquired by the first camera and the second camera into digital signals,
The controller may be implemented by one or at least two Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors or other electronic components for executing instructions of a data processing apparatus,
The data processor and the signal converter interact with each other,
The control system, when executed, mainly implements the following steps:
Before the sorting robot is used for sorting the express packages, the control system presets in advance to clamp the small-size express packages into the No. 1 trolley through the clamping jaw, adsorbs the large-size express packages into the No. 2 trolley through the sucking disc,
When the sorting robot is used for sorting the express packages, the controller controls the driving motor to control, the driving motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, the rotating shaft drives the tire to rotate, the sorting robot starts to linearly travel according to a preset travelling route, the travelling speed sensor acquires the travelling speed of the sorting robot and transmits a real-time signal to the central processing unit, when the sorting robot turns, the travelling direction sensor transmits a desired signal to the central processing unit, the central processing unit calculates the deviation by comparing the desired signal with the real-time signal, the telescopic lengths of the two first telescopic rods are adjusted in real time according to the deviation amount, the length difference of the two first telescopic rods is caused, the two first telescopic rods drive the U-shaped connecting pieces to turn, the U-shaped connecting pieces drive the driving motor to turn, the driving motor drives the tire to turn, the sorting robot reaches the position of one sorting opening according to the preset travelling route,
The distance measuring sensor collects the distance between the clamping jaw or the sucking disc and the target position, a real-time signal is transmitted to the central processing unit, the central processing unit calculates the distance deviation between the clamping jaw or the sucking disc and the target position and transmits the distance deviation to the central processing unit, the central processing unit plans the optimal path of the clamping jaw or the sucking disc from the current position to the target position according to the distance deviation, calculates the angles and the positions of the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm and the third connecting arm, and transmits an instruction to the servo motor according to the calculation result, the servo motor drives the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm and the third connecting arm to acquire an image of the express package when the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm and the third connecting arm reach the target position according to a preset path, namely approach the express package, the second camera transmits the acquired image data signal to the signal converter, the signal converter converts the electric signal of the received image data signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the data processor, the data processor calculates the pixel size of the image data, calculates the actual size of the express package according to the proportion coefficient of the preset pixel size and the actual size, compares the actual size with the preset size, clamps the express package by using clamping jaws if the actual size is smaller than the preset size, drives the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm and the third connecting arm to rotate to reach the position right above the express package by using the servo motor, controls the end rod corresponding to the connecting shaft to extend by the controller, controls the air cylinder to start, drives the pushing arm to extend downwards so that the two clamping jaws clamp the express package, the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm and the third connecting arm move the express package with the small size to the position above the corresponding No. 1 small cart according to a preset path, and then drives the pushing arm to shrink upwards by the air cylinder, if the actual size is larger than the preset size, the controller controls the rotating motor to rotate 180 degrees, the rotating motor drives the connecting shaft to drive the sucking disc and the clamping jaw to rotate, the sucking disc adsorbs the express packages, the servo motor drives the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm and the third connecting arm to rotate to reach the position right above the express packages, the connecting shaft is a double-out rod type cylinder, the controller controls the end rod corresponding to the connecting shaft to extend, and the controller controls the vacuum pump to suck air, so that the sucking disc attracts the express packages, the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm and the third connecting arm move to the position above the corresponding No. 2 trolley according to the large-size express packages in a preset path, and then the controller controls the vacuum pump to stop working, so that the express packages can be stacked in the small-size trolley after the express packages are completely stacked, and the large-size of the express packages can be prevented from being damaged by the small-size of the sucking disc, and the large-size packages can be completely stacked in the small-size trolley after the express packages are completely separated;
further, rubber bulges are arranged on the side surfaces of the tires;
preferably, the rubber projections are plural, and the plural rubber projections are arranged at a pitch-free distance along the side surface of the tire;
further, the sucker is replaced by a small sucker, the small sucker is arranged on the top surface of the connecting plate, one end of the connecting six-way valve is connected with the air outlet of the vacuum pump and communicated with the air outlet, the other end of the connecting six-way valve is arranged on the bottom surface of the connecting plate, one end of the connecting pipe is connected with the connecting six-way valve and communicated with the connecting six-way valve, the other end of the connecting pipe penetrates through a through hole formed in the connecting plate to be connected with the small sucker and communicated with the small sucker,
Preferably, the six-way connection can be replaced by a four-way connection and a five-way connection, the small sucking discs are multiple, the small sucking discs are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the connecting plate, and the small sucking discs are in one-to-one correspondence with the connecting pipes.
Advantageous effects
1. The tire is driven by the driving motor to linearly run, the tire is driven by the two first telescopic rods to realize steering, the sorting robot can move from one sorting opening to the other sorting opening according to a preset travelling route, express packages are sorted on a plurality of different sorting openings, the tires can all steer, the rotation and sideslip of the sorting robot during steering can be reduced, the in-situ turning is realized through the forward and reverse rotation of the driving motor, the travelling speed is improved, and the sorting robot is suitable for a warehouse with narrow pavement and limited space.
2. Through U-shaped connecting piece, attenuator and spring can increase the damping performance of letter sorting robot, reduces the requirement to the road surface, reduces the wearing and tearing of letter sorting robot in-process from a letter sorting mouth to another letter sorting mouth, improves the speed of marcing.
3. Through rotating electrical machines switching sucking disc and clamping jaw, can remove not unidimensional express delivery parcel to in the corresponding shallow, reduce the express delivery parcel and remove the in-process drop, reduce the damage of express delivery parcel, improve letter sorting efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a sorting robot according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a perspective view of a sorting robot according to the present invention, which shows only the structure of a traveling mechanism;
fig. 3 is a perspective view of a sort robot according to the present invention, showing only the structure of a cylinder and a push arm;
Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing a structure of an embodiment 2 of a sorting robot of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing a structure of an embodiment 3 of a sorting robot of the present invention.
Drawings
The vacuum suction device comprises a connecting plate (1), a sucker (2), a vacuum suction pump (3), a connecting shaft (4), a fixing sleeve (5), a first hook connecting piece (6), a second hook connecting piece (7), a clamping jaw (8), a first camera (9), a fixing disc (10), a supporting rod (11), a first rotating shaft (12), a tire (13), a driving motor placing shell (14), a U-shaped connecting piece (15), a first hinging piece (16), a fixing bottom plate (17), a first connecting arm (18), a first telescopic rod (19), a second hinging piece (20), a connecting rod (21), a disc vehicle shell (22), a second connecting arm (23), a third connecting arm (24), a fourth connecting arm (25), a rotating motor placing shell (26), a second camera (27), a damping gasket (28), a second telescopic rod (29), a spring (30), a damper (31), a cylinder (32), a clamping jaw connecting arm (33), a pushing arm (34), a rubber bulge (35), a connecting pipe (36), a small sucker (37) and a connecting six-way (38).
Detailed Description
Example 1
The sorting robot is realized in such a way that the sorting robot comprises a travelling mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a clamping mechanism,
The travelling mechanism consists of a disc vehicle shell (22), a first rotating shaft (12), a tire (13), a driving motor placing shell (14), a U-shaped connecting piece (15), a first hinging piece (16), a first telescopic rod (19), a second hinging piece (20), a connecting rod (21), a damping gasket (28), a second telescopic rod (29), a spring (30) and a damper (31),
The side surface of the disc car shell (22) is provided with a connecting groove, the notch of the connecting groove is flush with the side surface of the circumference car shell,
Preferably, the disc shell (22) is of a hollow structure, and the disc shell (22) is filled with fluid in a non-saturated manner;
preferably, a plurality of connecting grooves are arranged circumferentially and equidistantly along the side surface of the circumferential vehicle shell,
One end of the connecting rod (21) is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the connecting groove, the other end of the connecting rod (21) is rotatably arranged at one end of the U-shaped connecting piece (15) through the second hinging piece (20),
The two sides of the connecting rod (21) are respectively correspondingly provided with a first telescopic rod (19), one end of the first telescopic rod (19) is arranged at the bottom of the connecting groove, the other end of the first telescopic rod (19) is correspondingly and rotatably arranged at the side face of one end of the U-shaped connecting piece (15) through a first hinging piece (16),
A driving motor placing shell (14) is arranged between two side surfaces of the U-shaped connecting piece (15), one end of the driving motor placing shell (14) is arranged on the inner side surface of one end of the U-shaped connecting piece (15), the driving motor is arranged in the driving motor placing shell (14),
One end of a group of dampers (31) is correspondingly arranged on the top surface and the bottom surface of the driving motor placing shell (14), one end of a second telescopic rod (29) is arranged at the other end of the dampers (31), the other end of the second telescopic rod (29) is correspondingly arranged on two inner side surfaces of the U-shaped connecting piece (15) through damping gaskets (28),
The spring (30) is sleeved on the side surface of the second telescopic rod (29),
Preferably, a plurality of dampers (31) in the same group are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the driving motor placing shell (14),
Preferably, the top surface and the bottom surface of the driving motor placement shell (14) are respectively and correspondingly provided with one end of a rubber column, the other end of the rubber column is respectively and correspondingly arranged on two inner side surfaces of the U-shaped connecting piece (15), a plurality of rubber columns are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the driving motor placement shell (14), the rubber columns and the damper (31) are alternately arranged,
One end of a first rotating shaft (12) penetrates through a through hole formed in the other end of the driving motor placing shell (14) and is connected with a motor shaft of the driving motor, a bearing is arranged between the first rotating shaft (12) and the driving motor placing shell (14),
The other end of the first rotating shaft (12) is connected with the wheel axle of the tyre (13),
Preferably, the walking mechanism is also provided with a detection mechanism, the detection mechanism consists of a first camera (9), a fixed disc (10) and a supporting rod (11),
The supporting rod (11) is arranged on the top surface of the disc shell,
The bottom surface of the fixed disk (10) is arranged on the top surface of the supporting rod (11), the first camera (9) is arranged on the top surface of the fixed disk (10),
The rotating mechanism consists of a fixed bottom plate (17), a first connecting arm (18), a second connecting arm (23), a third connecting arm (24), a fourth connecting arm (25) and a rotating motor placing shell (26),
One end of the first connecting arm (18) is rotationally connected with the top surface of the disc casing (22) through the fixed bottom plate (17),
One end of the second connecting arm (23) is rotationally connected with the other end of the first connecting arm (18), the other end of the second connecting arm (23) is rotationally connected with one end of the third connecting arm (24), the other end of the third connecting arm (24) is connected with one end of the fourth connecting arm (25), the height of one end of the second connecting arm (23) is smaller than that of the other end,
A rotating motor placing shell (26) is embedded in a through groove formed at the other end of the fourth connecting arm (25), the rotating motor is placed in the rotating motor placing shell (26),
The clamping mechanism consists of a connecting shaft (4), a fixed sleeve (5), a connecting plate (1), a sucker (2), a second camera (27), a vacuum pump (3), a first hook claw connecting piece (6), a second hook claw connecting piece (7), a clamping jaw (8), an air cylinder (32), a clamping jaw connecting arm (33) and a pushing arm (34),
One end of the second rotating shaft penetrates through a through hole formed in the rotating motor placing shell (26) to be connected with a motor shaft of the rotating motor, a bearing is arranged between the second rotating shaft and the rotating motor placing shell (26),
The other end of the second rotating shaft is connected with a fixed sleeve (5),
The fixing sleeve (5) is sleeved on the side surface of the connecting shaft (4) through a through hole formed in the middle, one end of the connecting shaft (4) is arranged on the vacuum pump (3), the connecting plate (1) is arranged on the vacuum pump (3), the sucker (2) is arranged on the connecting plate (1), one end of the communicating pipe is connected with an air outlet of the vacuum pump (3) and communicated with the air outlet, the other end of the communicating pipe passes through a through hole formed in the connecting plate (1) and is connected with the sucker (2) and communicated with the air outlet,
The second camera (27) is arranged on the bottom surface of the connecting plate (1), the ranging sensor is arranged on the bottom surface of the connecting plate (1),
The other end of the connecting shaft (4) is arranged at one end of the air cylinder (32),
Preferably, the connecting shaft (4) is a double-rod-out type air cylinder (32),
One end of the pushing arm (34) is slidably arranged in the air cylinder (32), the other end of the pushing arm (34) is provided with a second claw connecting piece (7),
The first claw connecting piece (6) is sleeved on the side surface of the pushing arm (34) through a through hole formed in the middle part, the length of the first claw connecting piece (6) is longer than that of the second claw connecting piece (7),
One end of a clamping jaw (8) is correspondingly hinged at two ends of the first hook claw connecting piece (6), one end of a clamping jaw connecting arm (33) is correspondingly hinged at two ends of the second hook claw connecting piece (7), the other end of the clamping jaw connecting arm (33) is correspondingly hinged at one third of the clamping jaw (8),
The extension lines of the other ends of the two clamping jaws (8) are overlapped with the extension lines of the other ends of the pushing arms (34),
Preferably, the side surface of the other end of the clamping jaw (8) is provided with a plurality of anti-skid patterns at equal intervals,
Preferably, the sorting robot controls steering by a sort of sorting robot steering system;
The invention also relates to a sorting robot steering system, which is characterized by comprising a line speed sensor, a line direction sensor, a central processor and a central controller, wherein the line speed sensor is connected with the central processor through a data line, the line direction sensor is connected with the central processor through a data line, the central controller is connected with two first telescopic rods (19) through a data transmission line, the central processor converts digital signals into electric signals, and the sorting robot steering system realizes the following steps when being executed:
The speed sensor collects the speed of the sorting robot, transmits real-time signals to the central processing unit, when the sorting robot turns, the line direction sensor transmits expected signals to the central processing unit, the central processing unit calculates deviation by comparing the expected signals with the real-time signals, and controls the telescopic length of the two first telescopic rods (19) in real time according to the deviation, so that the two first telescopic rods (19) have a length difference, the two first telescopic rods (19) drive the U-shaped connecting pieces (15) to turn, the U-shaped connecting pieces (15) drive the driving motor to turn, and the driving motor drives the tire (13) to turn, so that the purpose of turning the sorting robot is achieved.
Preferably, the sorting robot controls the rotation of the connecting arm through a sorting robot rotation system;
the invention also relates to a sorting robot rotating system, which is characterized by comprising a ranging sensor, a central processor and a central controller, wherein the ranging sensor is connected with the central processor through a data line, the central processor is connected with the central controller through a data line, a servo motor is connected with the central controller through a data line, the servo motor is respectively connected with a first connecting arm (18), a second connecting arm (23) and a third connecting arm (24) through a gear transmission device, the central processor converts digital signals into electric signals, and the sorting robot rotating control system realizes the following steps when being executed:
the distance measuring sensor collects the distance from the clamping jaw (8) or the sucking disc (2) to the target position, a real-time signal is transmitted to the central processing unit, the central processing unit compares the distance data with a preset distance, calculates the deviation between the clamping jaw (8) or the sucking disc (2) and the target position, and transmits the central processing unit, the central processing unit performs path planning according to the distance deviation, determines the optimal path from the current position to the target position of the clamping jaw (8) or the sucking disc (2), calculates the angle and the position of the first connecting arm (18), the second connecting arm (23) and the third connecting arm (24), ensures that the first connecting arm (18), the second connecting arm (23) and the third connecting arm (24) can move according to the preset path, the central processing unit transmits an instruction to the servo motor according to the calculation result, the servo motor drives the first connecting arm (18), the second connecting arm (23) and the third connecting arm (24) to move, and in the moving process, the central processing unit continuously receives feedback information from the distance measuring sensor, calculates the angle and the position of the first connecting arm (18), the second connecting arm (23), the third connecting arm (24) and the second connecting arm (23) to reach the target position, and then the first connecting arm (23) can be stably connected to the target position according to the preset path, and the preset path is guaranteed, the real-time adjusting the movement of the clamping jaw (2) and the first connecting arm (23) and the second connecting arm, and the second connecting arm (23) to reach the target position, and the target position can be accurately, and the position sensor position can be adjusted The third connecting arm (24) sorts the express packages with different sizes into corresponding carts according to a preset path, after the express packages are successfully sorted, the central controller confirms that the task is completed and sends instructions to the servo motor, the servo motor drives the first connecting arm (18), the second connecting arm (23) and the third connecting arm (24) to move reversely and return to the initial position, sorting of the next express package is carried out, and sorting of the express packages of each sorting opening is carried out repeatedly.
Preferably, the sorting robot further comprises a control system,
Preferably, the control system, the steering system and the rotating system have signal interaction,
The control system comprises a signal converter, a data processor and a controller,
The signal converter is arranged on the disc vehicle shell (22), the data processor is arranged on the disc vehicle shell (22), the controller is arranged on the disc vehicle shell (22),
The first camera (9) and the second camera (27) are connected with the signal converter through a data line,
The driving motor, the rotating motor, the vacuum pump (3) and the air cylinder (32) are respectively connected with the controller through data transmission lines,
The signal converter is connected with the data processor through a data transmission line, the data processor is connected with the controller through a data transmission line,
The signal converter can convert the electric signals of the image data acquired by the first camera (9) and the second camera (27) into digital signals,
The controller may be implemented by one or at least two Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors or other electronic components for executing instructions of a data processing apparatus,
The data processor and the signal converter interact with each other,
The control system, when executed, mainly implements the following steps:
Before the sorting robot is used for sorting express packages, the control system presets to clamp small-size express packages into the No.1 trolley through the clamping jaw (8) in advance, adsorbs large-size express packages into the No. 2 trolley through the sucking disc (2),
When the sorting robot is used for sorting express packages, the controller controls the driving motor to control, the driving motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, the rotating shaft drives the tire (13) to rotate, the sorting robot starts to linearly travel according to a preset travel route, the travel speed sensor acquires the travel speed of the sorting robot and transmits real-time signals to the central processing unit, when the sorting robot turns, the travel direction sensor transmits expected signals to the central processing unit, the central processing unit calculates deviation by comparing the expected signals with the real-time signals, the telescopic lengths of the two first telescopic rods (19) are adjusted in real time according to the deviation amount, the two first telescopic rods (19) have a length difference, the two first telescopic rods (19) drive the U-shaped connecting pieces (15) to turn, the U-shaped connecting pieces (15) drive the driving motor to turn, the driving motor drives the tire (13) to turn, the sorting robot reaches the position of a sorting port according to the preset travel route,
The distance measuring sensor collects the distance between the clamping jaw (8) or the sucking disc (2) and the target position, a real-time signal is transmitted to the central processing unit, the central processing unit calculates the distance deviation between the clamping jaw (8) or the sucking disc (2) and the target position and transmits the distance deviation to the central processing unit, the central processing unit plans the optimal path of the clamping jaw (8) or the sucking disc (2) from the current position to the target position according to the distance deviation, calculates the angles and the positions of the first connecting arm (18), the second connecting arm (23) and the third connecting arm (24), and the central processing unit transmits an instruction to the servo motor according to the calculation result, and the servo motor drives the first connecting arm (18), A second connecting arm (23), When the third connecting arm (24) reaches a target position according to a preset path, namely, approaches an express package, the second camera (27) performs image acquisition on the express package, the acquired image data signals are sent to the signal converter, the signal converter converts the electric signals of the received image data signals into digital signals and sends the digital signals to the data processor, the data processor calculates the pixel size of the image data, calculates the actual size of the express package according to the proportionality coefficient of the preset pixel size and the actual size, compares the actual size with the preset size, and if the actual size is smaller than the preset size, the clamping jaw (8) is used for clamping the express package, and the servo motor drives the first connecting arm (18), The second connecting arm (23) and the third connecting arm (24) rotate to reach the right upper part of the express package, the controller controls the end rod corresponding to the connecting shaft (4) to extend, the controller controls the air cylinder (32) to start, the air cylinder (32) drives the pushing arm (34) to extend downwards, the two clamping jaws (8) clamp the express package, the first connecting arm (18), the second connecting arm (23) and the third connecting arm (24) move the small-size express package to the upper part of the corresponding No.1 trolley according to a preset path, then the air cylinder (32) drives the pushing arm (34) to shrink upwards, the two clamping jaws (8) are separated to throw the express package into the No.1 trolley, the central controller confirms that the task is completed and sends instructions to the servo motor, and the servo motor drives the first connecting arm (18), If the actual size is larger than the preset size, the controller controls the rotating motor to start, the rotating motor rotates 180 degrees, the rotating motor drives the connecting shaft (4) to rotate, the connecting shaft (4) drives the sucker (2) and the clamping jaw (8) to rotate, the express packages are adsorbed and sorted through the sucker (2), the servo motor drives the first connecting arm (18), the second connecting arm (23) and the third connecting arm (24) to rotate to reach the position right above the express packages, the controller controls the end rod corresponding to the connecting shaft (4) to extend, the controller controls the vacuum pump (3) to pump air, the sucker (2) sucks the express packages, and the first connecting arm (18) sucks the express packages, The second connecting arm (23) and the third connecting arm (24) move to the corresponding number 2 trolley above the large-size express packages according to the preset path, then the controller controls the vacuum pump (3) to stop working, the express packages lose the adsorption force and drop into the number 2 trolley from the sucker (2), and sorting of the express packages with different sorting openings according to the size is realized in a repeated manner. The automatic express delivery system can facilitate the follow-up loading work, and enable express delivery packages of different sizes to be transported separately, or put large express delivery packages under the express delivery packages, stack small express delivery packages on the large express delivery packages, and fully utilize the space in the vehicle, prevent the large-size express delivery packages from extruding the small-size express delivery packages, and reduce the damage of the express delivery packages;
Example 2
The embodiment and the embodiment 1 are different in that the side surface of the tire (13) is provided with a plurality of rubber bulges (35), the plurality of rubber bulges (35) are arranged at intervals along the side surface of the tire (13), when the tire is used, the rubber bulges (35) can increase the contact area and friction force between the tire (13) and the ground, the grip of the tire (13) is improved, the up-and-down bouncing of the tire (13) when the tire (13) encounters uneven ground is reduced, the running stability of the sorting robot is better, meanwhile, the rubber bulges (35) can disperse the impact and abrasion of the tire (13) in the running process, the damage to the whole tire (13) is reduced, and the service life of the tire (13) is prolonged;
Example 3
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the sucker (2) is replaced by a small sucker (37), the small sucker (37) is arranged on the top surface of the connecting plate (1), one end of the connecting six-way pipe (38) is connected with the air outlet of the vacuum pump (3) and communicated with the air outlet, the other end of the connecting six-way pipe (38) is arranged on the bottom surface of the connecting plate (1), one end of the connecting pipe (36) is connected with the connecting six-way pipe (38) and communicated with the connecting six-way pipe (38), the other end of the connecting pipe (36) passes through a through hole formed in the connecting plate (1) and is connected with the small sucker (37), and is communicated with the small sucker (37), the connecting six-way pipe (38) can be replaced by a connecting four-way pipe and a plurality of small suckers (37), the small suckers (37) are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the connecting plate (1), and the small suckers (37) and the small suckers are connected with the connecting pipe (36) in a plurality of the same way, so that the small suckers can be used for sorting and the package sorting and parcel sorting process can be reduced, and the package sorting package can be increased;
The disc car shell (22) is of a hollow structure, and the design that the disc car shell (22) is internally filled with fluid in an unsaturated manner can reduce the gravity center of the disc car shell (22), improve the stability of the sorting robot, reduce the running instability and even side turnover caused by the fact that the sorting robot runs on uneven ground in the process of running from one sorting port to the other sorting port, and reduce the abrasion of the sorting robot;
The top surface and the bottom surface of the driving motor placing shell (14) are respectively correspondingly provided with one end of a rubber column, the other end of the rubber column is respectively correspondingly arranged on two inner side surfaces of the U-shaped connecting piece (15), a plurality of rubber columns are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the driving motor placing shell (14), the rubber columns and the dampers (31) are in staggered arrangement, when the sorting robot runs from one sorting opening to the other sorting opening, the rubber columns are matched with the dampers (31) to further absorb impact and vibration when encountering uneven ground, the shock absorption performance of the sorting robot is improved, the influence of external impact and vibration on the sorting robot is reduced, meanwhile, the impact force can be buffered, the U-shaped connecting piece (15) is prevented from being severely rocked or deformed when being impacted, and the stability of the U-shaped connecting piece (15) is improved;
The detection mechanism is further arranged on the travelling mechanism and consists of a first camera (9), a fixed disc (10) and a supporting rod (11), the supporting rod (11) is arranged on the top surface of the disc shell, the bottom surface of the fixed disc (10) is arranged on the top surface of the supporting rod (11), the first camera (9) is arranged on the top surface of the fixed disc (10), when the sorting robot travels from one sorting opening to the other sorting opening, the first camera (9) collects images in front of the travelling route of the sorting robot in real time and sends collected image data to a signal converter, the signal converter converts the electric signals of the image data to a data processor, the data processor processes the digital signals of the image data collected by the received first camera (9), and when an obstacle exists, the controller adjusts and controls the telescopic lengths of the two first telescopic rods (19) in real time according to the deviation amount, so that the two first telescopic rods (19) have different lengths, the first U-shaped telescopic rods (19) drive a steering motor (15) to drive a steering wheel to avoid the obstacle, and the steering wheel (15) can drive a tire-shaped driving device to drive the steering wheel (15) to avoid the obstacle;
the design of a plurality of anti-skid patterns is formed in the side surface of the other end of the clamping jaw (8) at equal intervals, so that friction force between the clamping jaw (8) and the express package can be increased, sliding between the clamping jaw (8) and the express package is reduced, and dropping of the express package in the process of moving the express package to the No. 1 trolley by the sorting robot is reduced;
the rotating mechanism is matched with the design of the clamping mechanism, the rotating mechanism can enable the clamping mechanism to be close to the position right above the express packages, the express packages are clamped, meanwhile, the clamping mechanism can reach the position right above the corresponding trolley, the express packages are put into the corresponding trolley, and sorting of the express packages is achieved;
The disc car shell (22) and the driving motor are matched with the first telescopic rod (19), so that a plurality of tires (13) can all linearly run and turn around under the driving of the driving motor and the first telescopic rod (19), a sorting robot can reach another sorting port from one sorting port according to a preset travelling route, express packages can be sorted on a plurality of different sorting ports, the tires (13) can all turn around, the deflection angles of a machine body and the travelling direction are small during turning, the rotation and sideslip of the sorting robot during turning can be reduced, the in-situ turning around is realized through the positive and negative rotation of the driving motor, the travelling speed is improved, and the disc car is suitable for a narrow road surface and a warehouse with limited space;
Reach and to realize the marcing of letter sorting robot through running gear, improve damping performance, reduce the requirement to the road surface, press from both sides through running gear cooperation and get the mechanism, can sort the express delivery parcel of equidimension to the dolly that corresponds, realize the purpose of the letter sorting of express delivery parcel.
It should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection such as a hemmed connection, a rivet connection, a pin connection, an adhesive connection, a welded connection, a detachable connection such as a threaded connection, a snap connection, a hinge connection, or an integral connection, an electrical connection, or a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, or may be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
It should be further noted that, when the foregoing specific embodiments are described, only the differences from other embodiments are described for simplicity and clarity, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the foregoing specific embodiments are also independent of each other.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the data processing process of the data processor and the central processing unit is described as a series of combinations of actions for simplicity of description, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the description of the actions, since some steps may be performed sequentially or simultaneously according to the present invention, and those skilled in the art should also understand that the actions described and involved in the description are not necessarily required for the present invention, and the content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be considered to limit the implementation scope of the present invention, and a person skilled in the art may have variations in the detailed embodiment and application scope according to the idea of the present invention, so that the content in the present specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (8)

1.一种分拣机器人,其特征在于:包括行走机构、转动机构以及夹取机构,所述行走机构由圆盘车壳、第一转轴、轮胎、驱动电机放置壳、U形连接件、第一铰接件、第一伸缩杆、第二铰接件、连接杆、减震垫片、第二伸缩杆以及弹簧、阻尼器组成,圆盘车壳的侧面开有连接槽,所述连接槽的槽口和所述圆盘车壳的侧面相齐平,连接杆的一端置于所述连接槽的槽底中部,连接杆的另一端通过第二铰接件可转动地置于U形连接件的一端,所述连接杆的两侧分别对应置有第一伸缩杆,第一伸缩杆的一端置于所述连接槽的槽底,第一伸缩杆的另一端分别通过第一铰接件对应可转动地置于所述U形连接件一端的侧面,所述U形连接件的两侧面之间置有驱动电机放置壳,所述驱动电机放置壳的一端置于所述U形连接件一端的内侧面,驱动电机置于所述驱动电机放置壳内,所述驱动电机放置壳的顶面和底面分别对应置有一组阻尼器的一端,第二伸缩杆的一端置于所述阻尼器的另一端,第二伸缩杆的另一端分别通过减震垫片对应置于所述U形连接件的两内侧面,弹簧套置于所述第二伸缩杆的侧面,第一转轴的一端穿过所述驱动电机放置壳另一端开有的通孔和所述驱动电机的电机轴相连接,所述第一转轴和所述驱动电机放置壳之间置有轴承,第一转轴的另一端和轮胎的轮轴相连接,所述转动机构由固定底板、第一连接臂、第二连接臂、第三连接臂、第四连接臂以及旋转电机放置壳组成,第一连接臂的一端通过固定底板与所述圆盘车壳的顶面转动连接,第二连接臂的一端和所述第一连接臂的另一端转动连接,第二连接臂的另一端和第三连接臂的一端转动连接,第三连接臂的另一端和第四连接臂的一端相连接,第二连接臂的一端的高度小于另一端的高度,旋转电机放置壳内嵌于所述第四连接臂的另一端开有的通槽内,旋转电机置于所述旋转电机放置壳内,所述夹取机构由连接轴、固定套、连接板、吸盘、第二摄像头、真空抽泵、第一钩爪连接件、第二钩爪连接件、夹爪、气缸、夹爪连接臂以及推臂组成,第二转轴的一端穿过所述旋转电机放置壳开有的通孔和所述旋转电机的电机轴相连接,所述第二转轴和所述旋转电机放置壳之间置有轴承,第二转轴的另一端和固定套相连接,所述固定套通过中部开有的通孔套置于连接轴的侧面,所述连接轴的一端置于真空抽泵上,连接板置于真空抽泵上,吸盘置于连接板上,连通管的一端和真空抽泵的出气口相连接且相连通,连通管的另一端穿过所述连接板上开有的通孔和所述吸盘相连接且相连通,第二摄像头置于所述连接板的底面,测距传感器置于所述连接板的底面,所述连接轴的另一端置于气缸的一端,所述连接轴为双出杆式气缸,推臂的一端可滑动地置于所述气缸内,推臂的另一端置有第二钩爪连接件,第一钩爪连接件通过中部开有的通孔套置于所述推臂的侧面,所述第一钩爪连接件的长度大于所述第二钩爪连接件的长度,所述第一钩爪连接件的两端分别对应铰接置有夹爪的一端,所述第二钩爪连接件的两端分别对应铰接置有夹爪连接臂的一端,夹爪连接臂的另一端分别对应铰接置于所述夹爪的三分之一处,所述行走机构上还设置有探测机构,所述探测机构由第一摄像头、固定盘以及支撑杆组成,支撑杆置于所述圆盘车壳的顶面,固定盘的底面置于所述支撑杆的顶面,第一摄像头置于所述固定盘的顶面,当分拣机器人从一个分拣口行进至另一个分拣口的过程中,第一摄像头对分拣机器人行进路线前方的图像进行实时采集,并将采集到的图像数据发送给信号转换器,信号转换器将图像数据的电信号转换为数字信号发送给数据处理器,数据处理器对接收到的第一摄像头采集到图像数据的数字信号进行处理,识别图像数据中是否存在障碍物,当存在障碍物时,控制器根据偏差量实时调整控制两个第一伸缩杆的伸缩长度,使两个第一伸缩杆出现长度差,两个第一伸缩杆带动U形连接件转向,U形连接件带动驱动电机转向,驱动电机带动轮胎转向,使分拣机器人能够提前躲避障碍物,所述一种分拣机器人还包括一个控制系统,所述控制系统包括信号转换器、数据处理器和控制器,所述信号转换器置于所述圆盘车壳上,所述数据处理器置于所述圆盘车壳上,所述控制器置于所述圆盘车壳上,所述第一摄像头和所述第二摄像头通过数据线和所述信号转换器相连接,所述驱动电机、所述旋转电机、所述真空抽泵、所述气缸分别通过数据传输线和所述控制器相连接,所述信号转换器通过数据传输线和所述数据处理器相连接,所述数据处理器通过数据传输线和所述控制器相连接,所述信号转换器能够将所述第一摄像头、所述第二摄像头采集到的图像数据的电信号转化为数字信号,所处控制器可以被一个或至少两个应用专用集成电路(ASIC)、可编程逻辑器件(PLD)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、控制器、微控制器、微处理器或其他电子组件实现,用于执行数据处理装置的指令,所述数据处理器和所述信号转换器进行信息交互,所述控制系统被执行时主要实现以下步骤:在使用分拣机器人分拣快递包裹前,控制系统提前预设通过夹爪将小尺寸的快递包裹夹取至1号小推车内,通过吸盘将大尺寸的快递包裹吸附至2号小推车内,在使用分拣机器人分拣快递包裹时,控制器控制驱动电机控制,驱动电机带动转轴转动,转轴带动轮胎转动,使分拣机器人根据预设的行进路线开始直线行驶,行速传感器采集分拣机器人行驶的速度,将实时信号传递给中央处理器,当分拣机器人转向时,行向传感器将期望信号传递给中央处理器,中央处理器通过对比期望信号和实时信号,计算出偏差,根据偏差量实时调整两个第一伸缩杆的伸缩长度,使两个第一伸缩杆出现长度差,两个第一伸缩杆带动U形连接件转向,U形连接件带动驱动电机转向,驱动电机带动轮胎转向,实现分拣机器人转向的目的;分拣机器人按照预设的行进路线到达一个分拣口的位置,测距传感器采集夹爪或者吸盘到目标位置之间的距离,将实时信号传递给中央处理器,中央处理器计算出夹爪或者吸盘与目标位置之间的距离偏差,发送给中央控制器,中央控制器根据距离偏差规划夹爪或者吸盘从当前位置到目标位置的最佳路径,计算第一连接臂、第二连接臂、第三连接臂的角度和位置,根据计算结果,中央控制器向伺服电机发送指令,伺服电机驱动第一连接臂、第二连接臂、第三连接臂进按照预定路径到达目标位置即靠近快递包裹时,第二摄像头对快递包裹进行图像采集,将采集到的图像数据信号发送给信号转换器,信号转换器将接收到的图像数据信号的电信号转换为数字信号并发送给数据处理器,数据处理器计算图像数据的像素尺寸,根据预设像素尺寸和实际尺寸的比例系数计算快递包裹的实际尺寸,将实际尺寸与预设尺寸进行对比,如果实际尺寸小于预设尺寸,则使用夹爪夹取该快递包裹,伺服电机驱动第一连接臂、第二连接臂、第三连接臂转动到达快递包裹的正上方,控制器控制连接轴对应的端头杆伸长,控制器控制气缸启动,气缸带动推臂向下伸展,使两个夹爪夹住该快递包裹,第一连接臂、第二连接臂、第三连接臂再按照预定路径将该小尺寸的快递包裹移动到对应的1号小推车上方,然后气缸带动推臂向上收缩,使两个夹爪分离将该快递包裹投入1号小推车内,中央控制器确认任务已完成,并向伺服电机发送指令,伺服电机驱动第一连接臂、第二连接臂、第三连接臂进行反向运动,回到初始位置,进行下一个快递包裹的分拣;如果实际尺寸大于预设尺寸,控制器控制旋转电机启动,旋转电机旋转180度,旋转电机带动连接轴转动,连接轴带动吸盘和夹爪转动,通过吸盘对快递包裹进行吸附分拣,伺服电机驱动第一连接臂、第二连接臂、第三连接臂转动到达快递包裹的正上方,控制器控制连接轴对应的端头杆伸长,控制器控制真空抽泵抽气,使吸盘吸住该快递包裹,第一连接臂、第二连接臂、第三连接臂再按照预定路径该大尺寸的快递包裹移动到对应的2号小推车上方,然后控制器控制真空抽泵停止工作,快递包裹失去吸附力从吸盘上掉落入2号小推车内,如此周而复始,实现不同分拣口的快递包裹按尺寸大小的分拣,能够便于后续装车工作的进行,使得不同尺寸的快递包裹进行分开转运,或者是先将大快递包裹放在下面,小快递包裹堆叠在大快递包裹上,能够充分利用车内空间,防止大尺寸的快递包裹对小尺寸快递包裹的挤压,减少快递包裹的损坏。1. A sorting robot, characterized in that it includes a walking mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a clamping mechanism, wherein the walking mechanism is composed of a disc car body, a first rotating shaft, a tire, a driving motor placement shell, a U-shaped connector, a first hinge, a first telescopic rod, a second hinge, a connecting rod, a shock-absorbing gasket, a second telescopic rod, a spring and a damper. A connecting groove is opened on the side of the disc car body, and the notch of the connecting groove is flush with the side of the disc car body. One end of the connecting rod is placed in the middle of the groove bottom of the connecting groove, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably placed on one end of the U-shaped connector through the second hinge, and the two sides of the connecting rod are respectively opposite to each other. A first telescopic rod should be provided, one end of the first telescopic rod is placed at the bottom of the connecting groove, the other end of the first telescopic rod is rotatably placed on the side of one end of the U-shaped connecting member through a first hinge, a drive motor placement shell is placed between the two side surfaces of the U-shaped connecting member, one end of the drive motor placement shell is placed on the inner side of one end of the U-shaped connecting member, the drive motor is placed in the drive motor placement shell, the top surface and the bottom surface of the drive motor placement shell are respectively corresponding to one end of a group of dampers, one end of the second telescopic rod is placed on the other end of the damper, and the other end of the second telescopic rod is respectively placed on the On the two inner sides of the U-shaped connecting piece, spring sleeves are placed on the sides of the second telescopic rod, one end of the first rotating shaft passes through the through hole opened at the other end of the driving motor placement shell and is connected to the motor shaft of the driving motor, a bearing is placed between the first rotating shaft and the driving motor placement shell, and the other end of the first rotating shaft is connected to the wheel axle of the tire, and the rotating mechanism is composed of a fixed bottom plate, a first connecting arm, a second connecting arm, a third connecting arm, a fourth connecting arm and a rotating motor placement shell, one end of the first connecting arm is rotatably connected to the top surface of the disc car shell through the fixed bottom plate, and one end of the second connecting arm is connected to the other end of the first connecting arm One end is rotatably connected, the other end of the second connecting arm is rotatably connected to one end of the third connecting arm, the other end of the third connecting arm is connected to one end of the fourth connecting arm, the height of one end of the second connecting arm is less than the height of the other end, the rotating motor placement shell is embedded in the through groove opened at the other end of the fourth connecting arm, the rotating motor is placed in the rotating motor placement shell, the clamping mechanism is composed of a connecting shaft, a fixing sleeve, a connecting plate, a suction cup, a second camera, a vacuum pump, a first hook claw connecting piece, a second hook claw connecting piece, a clamp, a cylinder, a clamp connecting arm and a push arm, one end of the second rotating shaft passes through the through groove opened in the rotating motor placement shell The hole is connected to the motor shaft of the rotating motor, a bearing is placed between the second rotating shaft and the rotating motor placement shell, the other end of the second rotating shaft is connected to the fixed sleeve, the fixed sleeve is placed on the side of the connecting shaft through a through hole sleeve opened in the middle, one end of the connecting shaft is placed on the vacuum pump, the connecting plate is placed on the vacuum pump, the suction cup is placed on the connecting plate, one end of the connecting pipe is connected and communicated with the air outlet of the vacuum pump, the other end of the connecting pipe is connected and communicated with the suction cup through the through hole opened on the connecting plate, the second camera is placed on the bottom surface of the connecting plate, the distance measuring sensor is placed on the bottom surface of the connecting plate, the The other end of the connecting shaft is placed at one end of the cylinder, and the connecting shaft is a double-rod cylinder. One end of the push arm can be slidably placed in the cylinder, and a second hook claw connecting piece is placed at the other end of the push arm. The first hook claw connecting piece is placed on the side of the push arm through a through hole in the middle. The length of the first hook claw connecting piece is greater than the length of the second hook claw connecting piece. The two ends of the first hook claw connecting piece are respectively corresponding to one end of the clamping claw, and the two ends of the second hook claw connecting piece are respectively corresponding to one end of the clamping claw connecting arm. The other end of the clamping claw connecting arm is respectively corresponding to the hinged one-third of the clamping claw. The walking mechanism is also A detection mechanism is provided, which is composed of a first camera, a fixed disk and a support rod. The support rod is placed on the top surface of the round disk shell, and the bottom surface of the fixed disk is placed on the top surface of the support rod. The first camera is placed on the top surface of the fixed disk. When the sorting robot travels from one sorting port to another sorting port, the first camera collects the image in front of the sorting robot's route in real time, and sends the collected image data to the signal converter. The signal converter converts the electrical signal of the image data into a digital signal and sends it to the data processor. The data processor processes the received digital signal of the image data collected by the first camera to identify whether there is an obstacle in the image data. When there is an obstacle, the controller adjusts the telescopic length of the two first telescopic rods in real time according to the deviation amount, so that the two first telescopic rods have a length difference, the two first telescopic rods drive the U-shaped connecting piece to turn, the U-shaped connecting piece drives the driving motor to turn, and the driving motor drives the tire to turn, so that the sorting robot can avoid obstacles in advance. The sorting robot also includes a control system, the control system includes a signal converter, a data processor and a controller. The signal converter is placed on the round disk shell, and the data processor is placed on the round disk shell. , the controller is placed on the disc car shell, the first camera and the second camera are connected to the signal converter through a data line, the drive motor, the rotating motor, the vacuum pump, and the cylinder are respectively connected to the controller through a data transmission line, the signal converter is connected to the data processor through a data transmission line, and the data processor is connected to the controller through a data transmission line. The signal converter can convert the electrical signal of the image data collected by the first camera and the second camera into a digital signal. The controller can be implemented by one or at least two application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors or other electronic components for executing instructions of a data processing device. The data processor and the signal converter exchange information. When the control system is executed, the following steps are mainly implemented: before using the sorting robot to sort express parcels, the control system presets in advance that the small-sized express parcels are clamped into cart No. 1 by the clamping claws, and the large-sized express parcels are adsorbed into cart No. 2 by the suction cups. When the sorting robot is used to sort express parcels, the control system The device controls the driving motor, the driving motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, the rotating shaft drives the tire to rotate, so that the sorting robot starts to drive in a straight line according to the preset route, the speed sensor collects the speed of the sorting robot, and transmits the real-time signal to the central processor. When the sorting robot turns, the direction sensor transmits the expected signal to the central processor, the central processor calculates the deviation by comparing the expected signal with the real-time signal, and adjusts the telescopic length of the two first telescopic rods in real time according to the deviation, so that the two first telescopic rods have a length difference, the two first telescopic rods drive the U-shaped connecting piece to turn, the U-shaped connecting piece drives the driving motor to turn, and the driving motor drives the tire to turn, so as to achieve the purpose of turning the sorting robot; the sorting robot arrives at a sorting port according to the preset route, the distance measuring sensor collects the distance between the clamping claw or the suction cup and the target position, and transmits the real-time signal to the central processor, the central processor calculates the distance deviation between the clamping claw or the suction cup and the target position, and sends it to the central controller, the central controller plans the best path of the clamping claw or the suction cup from the current position to the target position according to the distance deviation, calculates the angle and position of the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, and the third connecting arm, and according to the calculation result, the central controller sends a command to the servo motor, The servo motor drives the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, and the third connecting arm to reach the target position according to the predetermined path, that is, to approach the express package. The second camera collects images of the express package and sends the collected image data signal to the signal converter. The signal converter converts the electrical signal of the received image data signal into a digital signal and sends it to the data processor. The data processor calculates the pixel size of the image data, calculates the actual size of the express package according to the ratio coefficient between the preset pixel size and the actual size, and compares the actual size with the preset size. If the actual size is smaller than the preset size, the clamp is used to clamp the express package. The servo motor drives the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, and the third connecting arm to rotate to reach the top of the express package. The controller controls the end rod corresponding to the connecting shaft to extend. The controller controls the cylinder to start. The cylinder drives the push arm to extend downward so that the two clamps clamp the express package. The first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, and the third connecting arm move the small-sized express package to the top of the corresponding No. 1 trolley according to the predetermined path, and then the cylinder drives the push arm to retract upward so that the two clamps separate and put the express package into the No. 1 trolley. The central controller confirms that the task has been completed and sends an instruction to the servo motor. The servo motor drives the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, and the third connecting arm to move the small-sized express package to the top of the corresponding No. 1 trolley according to the predetermined path. The first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, and the third connecting arm move in the opposite direction and return to the initial position to sort the next express package; if the actual size is larger than the preset size, the controller controls the rotating motor to start, the rotating motor rotates 180 degrees, the rotating motor drives the connecting shaft to rotate, the connecting shaft drives the suction cup and the clamping claw to rotate, and the express package is adsorbed and sorted by the suction cup, the servo motor drives the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, and the third connecting arm to rotate to the top of the express package, the controller controls the end rod corresponding to the connecting shaft to extend, the controller controls the vacuum pump to exhaust air, so that the suction cup absorbs the express package, the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, and the third connecting arm are connected to the first connecting arm. The three-connecting arms then move the large-sized express parcel to the top of the corresponding No. 2 trolley according to the predetermined path, and then the controller controls the vacuum pump to stop working. The express parcel loses its adsorption force and falls from the suction cup into the No. 2 trolley, and this cycle is repeated over and over again, thereby realizing the sorting of express parcels at different sorting ports according to their sizes, which can facilitate the subsequent loading work and enable express parcels of different sizes to be transported separately, or the large express parcels can be placed below first, and the small express parcels can be stacked on the large express parcels, which can make full use of the space in the vehicle, prevent large-sized express parcels from squeezing small-sized express parcels, and reduce damage to the express parcels. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种分拣机器人,其特征在于所述轮胎的侧面置有橡胶凸起;所述橡胶凸起有多个,多个所述橡胶凸起沿所述轮胎的侧面无间距地排列。2. A sorting robot according to claim 1, characterized in that a rubber protrusion is provided on the side of the tire; there are multiple rubber protrusions, and the multiple rubber protrusions are arranged without spacing along the side of the tire. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种分拣机器人,其特征在于所述吸盘替换为小型吸盘,所述小型吸盘置于所述连接板的顶面,连接六通的一端和所述真空抽泵的出气口相连接且相连通,连接六通的另一端置于所述连接板的底面,连接管的一端和所述连接六通相连接,且和所述连接六通相连通,连接管的另一端穿过所述连接板上开有的通孔和所述小型吸盘相连接,且和所述小型吸盘相连通,所述连接六通可以替换为连接四通、连接五通,所述小型吸盘有多个,多个所述小型吸盘均匀分布在所述连接板的顶面,多个所述小型吸盘和多个所述连接管一一对应。3. A sorting robot according to claim 1, characterized in that the suction cup is replaced by a small suction cup, which is placed on the top surface of the connecting plate, one end of the connecting six-way is connected to and communicated with the air outlet of the vacuum pump, the other end of the connecting six-way is placed on the bottom surface of the connecting plate, one end of the connecting pipe is connected to the connecting six-way and communicated with the connecting six-way, the other end of the connecting pipe passes through the through hole opened on the connecting plate and is connected to the small suction cup, and is communicated with the small suction cup, the connecting six-way can be replaced by a connecting four-way or a connecting five-way, there are multiple small suction cups, and the multiple small suction cups are evenly distributed on the top surface of the connecting plate, and the multiple small suction cups correspond one to one to the multiple connecting pipes. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种分拣机器人,其特征在于所述圆盘车壳为中空结构,所述圆盘车壳内非饱和填充有流体;能够降低圆盘车壳的重心,提高分拣机器人的稳定性,减少分拣机器人在从一个分拣口行进至另一个分拣口过程中遇到凹凸不平的地面导致的行进不稳定甚至发生侧翻,减少分拣机器人的磨损;所述连接槽有多个,多个所述连接槽沿所述圆盘车壳的侧面周向等距排列。4. A sorting robot according to claim 1, characterized in that the disc car body is a hollow structure, and the disc car body is non-saturatedly filled with fluid; it can lower the center of gravity of the disc car body, improve the stability of the sorting robot, reduce the unstable movement and even rollover caused by the uneven ground encountered by the sorting robot in the process of moving from one sorting port to another, and reduce the wear of the sorting robot; there are multiple connecting grooves, and the multiple connecting grooves are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential side of the disc car body. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种分拣机器人,其特征在于同一组内的所述阻尼器有多个,多个所述阻尼器沿所述驱动电机放置壳的长度方向等距排列,所述驱动电机放置壳的顶面和底面分别对应置有橡胶柱的一端,所述橡胶柱的另一端分别对应置于所述U形连接件的两内侧面,所述橡胶柱有多个,多个所述橡胶柱沿所述驱动电机放置壳的长度方向等距排列,所述橡胶柱和所述阻尼器呈交错排列,在分拣机器人从一个分拣口行进至另一个分拣口过程中,遇到凹凸不平的地面时,橡胶柱配合阻尼器能够进一步吸收冲击和振动,提高分拣机器人的减震性能,减轻外部冲击和振动对分拣机器人的影响,同时能够缓冲冲击力,防止U形连接件在受到冲击时发生剧烈晃动或变形,从而提高U形连接件的稳定性。5. A sorting robot according to claim 1, characterized in that there are multiple dampers in the same group, and the multiple dampers are equidistantly arranged along the length direction of the drive motor placement shell, the top surface and the bottom surface of the drive motor placement shell are respectively provided with one end of a rubber column, and the other end of the rubber column is respectively provided with two inner side surfaces of the U-shaped connecting piece, and there are multiple rubber columns, and the multiple rubber columns are equidistantly arranged along the length direction of the drive motor placement shell, and the rubber columns and the dampers are staggered. When the sorting robot encounters an uneven ground when traveling from one sorting port to another, the rubber columns and the dampers can further absorb impact and vibration, improve the shock absorption performance of the sorting robot, reduce the influence of external impact and vibration on the sorting robot, and at the same time buffer the impact force to prevent the U-shaped connecting piece from shaking violently or deforming when impacted, thereby improving the stability of the U-shaped connecting piece. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种分拣机器人,其特征在于两个所述夹爪的另一端的延长线和所述推臂的另一端的延长线相重合,所述夹爪的另一端侧面等距开有多个防滑纹。6. A sorting robot according to claim 1, characterized in that the extension line of the other end of the two clamps coincides with the extension line of the other end of the push arm, and a plurality of anti-slip grooves are equidistantly provided on the side surface of the other end of the clamps. 7.根据权利要求1所述的一种分拣机器人,其特征在于所述分拣机器人通过一种分拣机器人转向系统控制转向,所述分拣机器人转向系统由行速传感器、行向传感器、中央处理器和中央控制器组成,所述行速传感器通过数据线和所述中央处理器相连接,所述行向传感器通过数据线和所述中央处理器相连接,所述中央控制器通过数据传输线和两个所述第一伸缩杆相连接,所述中央处理器将数字信号转化为电信号,所述分拣机器人转向系统被执行时实现以下步骤:所述行速传感器采集分拣机器人行驶的速度,将实时信号传递给所述中央处理器,当所述分拣机器人转向时,所述行向传感器将期望信号传递给所述中央处理器,所述中央处理器通过对比期望信号和实时信号,计算出偏差,根据偏差量实时调整控制两个所述第一伸缩杆的伸缩长度,使两个所述第一伸缩杆出现长度差,两个所述第一伸缩杆带动所述U形连接件转向,所述U形连接件带动所述驱动电机转向,所述驱动电机带动所述轮胎转向,实现分拣机器人转向的目的。7. A sorting robot according to claim 1, characterized in that the sorting robot is controlled to turn by a sorting robot steering system, the sorting robot steering system is composed of a speed sensor, a direction sensor, a central processor and a central controller, the speed sensor is connected to the central processor through a data line, the direction sensor is connected to the central processor through a data line, the central controller is connected to the two first telescopic rods through a data transmission line, the central processor converts a digital signal into an electrical signal, and the sorting robot steering system implements the following steps when being executed: the speed sensor collects the speed of the sorting robot and transmits a real-time signal to the central processor, when the sorting robot turns, the direction sensor transmits an expected signal to the central processor, the central processor calculates the deviation by comparing the expected signal with the real-time signal, and adjusts and controls the telescopic length of the two first telescopic rods in real time according to the deviation, so that the two first telescopic rods have a length difference, the two first telescopic rods drive the U-shaped connecting piece to turn, the U-shaped connecting piece drives the driving motor to turn, and the driving motor drives the tire to turn, so as to achieve the purpose of steering the sorting robot. 8.根据权利要求1所述的一种分拣机器人,其特征在于所述分拣机器人通过一种分拣机器人转动系统控制连接臂的转动;所述分拣机器人转动系统由测距传感器、中央处理器和中央控制器组成,所述测距传感器通过数据线和所述中央处理器相连接,所述中央处理器通过数据线和所述中央控制器相连接,伺服电机通过数据线和所述中央控制器相连接,伺服电机通过齿轮传动装置分别和第一连接臂、第二连接臂、第三连接臂相连接,所述中央处理器将数字信号转化为电信号,所述分拣机器人转动控制系统被执行时实现以下步骤:所述测距传感器采集夹爪或者吸盘到目标位置的距离,将实时信号传递给所述中央处理器,所述中央处理器对比距离数据和预设距离,计算出夹爪或者吸盘与目标位置之间的偏差,发送中央控制器,中央控制器根据距离偏差进行路径规划,确定夹爪或者吸盘从当前位置到目标位置的最佳路径,计算第一连接臂、第二连接臂、第三连接臂的角度和位置,以确保第一连接臂、第二连接臂、第三连接臂能够按照预定路径进行运动,根据计算结果,中央控制器向伺服电机发送指令,伺服电机驱动第一连接臂、第二连接臂、第三连接臂进行运动,在运动过程中,中央控制器会不断接收来自测距传感器的反馈信息,并根据这些信息对第一连接臂、第二连接臂、第三连接臂的运动进行实时调整,以确保其按照预定路径进行精确运动,到达目标位置后,且夹爪或者吸盘对快递包裹进行稳定抓取后,第一连接臂、第二连接臂、第三连接臂再按照预定路径将不同尺寸的快递包裹分拣到对应的小推车内,在快递包裹被成功分拣后,中央控制器会确认任务已完成,并向伺服电机发送指令,伺服电机驱动第一连接臂、第二连接臂、第三连接臂进行反向运动,回到初始位置,进行下一个快递包裹的分拣,如此周而复始,对每个分拣口的快递包裹进行分拣。8. A sorting robot according to claim 1, characterized in that the sorting robot controls the rotation of the connecting arm through a sorting robot rotation system; the sorting robot rotation system is composed of a ranging sensor, a central processing unit and a central controller, the ranging sensor is connected to the central processing unit through a data line, the central processing unit is connected to the central controller through a data line, the servo motor is connected to the central controller through a data line, the servo motor is respectively connected to the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, and the third connecting arm through a gear transmission device, the central processing unit converts a digital signal into an electrical signal, and the sorting robot rotation control system implements the following steps when being executed: the ranging sensor collects the distance from the gripper or the suction cup to the target position, and transmits the real-time signal to the central processing unit, the central processing unit compares the distance data with the preset distance, calculates the deviation between the gripper or the suction cup and the target position, and sends it to the central controller, the central controller performs path planning according to the distance deviation, determines the best path from the current position of the gripper or the suction cup to the target position, calculates the first connecting arm The angles and positions of the connecting arm, the second connecting arm, and the third connecting arm are adjusted to ensure that the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, and the third connecting arm can move according to the predetermined path. According to the calculation results, the central controller sends instructions to the servo motor, and the servo motor drives the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, and the third connecting arm to move. During the movement, the central controller will continuously receive feedback information from the ranging sensor, and adjust the movement of the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, and the third connecting arm in real time according to this information to ensure that they move accurately according to the predetermined path. After reaching the target position and the gripper or suction cup stably grasps the express parcel, the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, and the third connecting arm will sort the express parcels of different sizes into the corresponding trolleys according to the predetermined path. After the express parcels are successfully sorted, the central controller will confirm that the task has been completed and send instructions to the servo motor. The servo motor drives the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, and the third connecting arm to move in the opposite direction and return to the initial position to sort the next express parcel. This cycle is repeated to sort the express parcels at each sorting port.
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CA2831006A1 (en) * 2012-07-27 2014-01-27 Engineering Services Inc. Modular mobile robot
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CN213001277U (en) * 2020-08-18 2021-04-20 南京挥戈智能科技有限公司 Visual sorting practical training platform
CN115351793A (en) * 2022-08-23 2022-11-18 李明 Automatic get express delivery dolly
CN116002361A (en) * 2022-11-03 2023-04-25 齐鲁工业大学 A suction cup and jaw combined garbage sorting gripper and garbage sorting method
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