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CN118700669B - Polypropylene film for lithium battery current collector and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Polypropylene film for lithium battery current collector and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118700669B
CN118700669B CN202411180712.6A CN202411180712A CN118700669B CN 118700669 B CN118700669 B CN 118700669B CN 202411180712 A CN202411180712 A CN 202411180712A CN 118700669 B CN118700669 B CN 118700669B
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modified
polypropylene film
current collector
lithium battery
parts
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CN118700669A (en
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冯江平
丁邦建
陈益鹏
孙桂成
李志坚
范顺印
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Zhejiang Nanyang Huacheng Technology Co ltd
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Zhejiang Nanyang Huacheng Technology Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0018Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by orienting, stretching or shrinking, e.g. film blowing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C55/00Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C55/02Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
    • B29C55/10Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial
    • B29C55/12Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66Selection of materials
    • H01M4/665Composites
    • H01M4/667Composites in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/033 layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/24All layers being polymeric
    • B32B2250/242All polymers belonging to those covered by group B32B27/32
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/20Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B32B2307/204Di-electric
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/308Heat stability
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/10Batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of polymer films, and particularly relates to a polypropylene film for a lithium battery current collector and a preparation method thereof. The polypropylene film comprises an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, wherein the components of the upper layer and the lower layer respectively comprise 70-80 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 20-25 parts of modified polystyrene in parts by weight, the components of the middle layer comprise 80-85 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 15-20 parts of cycloolefin copolymer, the components of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer are respectively and uniformly mixed, and then are added into a host machine and an auxiliary machine of a three-layer coextrusion casting machine for melt extrusion to obtain the polypropylene film, and the polypropylene film is subjected to biaxial stretching to obtain the polypropylene film.

Description

Polypropylene film for lithium battery current collector and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polymer films, and particularly relates to a polypropylene film for a lithium battery current collector and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The current collector is an important component of a lithium ion battery, is not only a carrier for carrying battery active materials, but also a medium for transmitting current, has great influence on the performance of the lithium battery, the ideal current collector often needs to have comprehensive performances in multiple aspects such as high conductivity, good stability, good mechanical strength, lower cost and the like, the traditional current collector consisting of pure metal materials (aluminum foil, stainless steel, copper foil and nickel foil) has the defects of high weight, high cost, low safety and the like, and the traditional current collector is difficult to meet the actual use requirement because the composite current collector consisting of partial metal materials is replaced by organic polymers to improve the defects of the traditional current collector, wherein the polypropylene film has the advantages of high breakdown field strength, low dielectric loss, excellent self-healing property, ultrathin property, low cost and the like, is widely applied to the fields of the composite current collector, but has the defects of insufficient mechanical property and high-temperature resistance between polypropylene and metal, and is difficult to meet the actual use requirement.
The Chinese patent with the application number 202210994379.7 discloses a high-tensile-strength polypropylene film for a lithium battery current collector and a preparation method thereof, wherein the polypropylene film is prepared by mixing polypropylene and modified polypyrrole, the modified polypyrrole is utilized to modify the polypropylene, and in the process of preparing the polypropylene film, a carboxylate structure on the modified polypyrrole can induce the polypropylene to crystallize, so that the mechanical property of the polypropylene film is improved to a certain extent, meanwhile, the roughness of the surface of the film can be effectively controlled by adopting a high-pressure air knife method, and the film is subjected to heat treatment and relaxation treatment after being transversely and longitudinally stretched, so that the heat stability of the polypropylene film is ensured.
The Chinese patent application with the application number 202310709758.1 discloses a modified polypropylene film, a preparation method thereof, a composite current collector and a preparation method thereof, wherein the structure of the modified polypropylene film sequentially comprises a first surface layer, a middle layer and a second surface layer, wherein the components of the first surface layer and the second surface layer consist of isotactic polypropylene, atactic polypropylene, a polar additive, conductive particles and a dispersing agent, the components of the middle layer consist of isotactic polypropylene, atactic polypropylene, the polar additive, conductive particles and the dispersing agent, the two surface layers have good adhesion by adjusting the proportion of the isotactic polypropylene and the atactic polypropylene, the added conductive particles enable the polypropylene film to have a conductive effect, a small amount of conductive particles can also serve as heterogeneous nucleation points, the crystallization of the polypropylene is promoted, and the mechanical property of the modified polypropylene film is improved.
Although the mechanical properties of the polypropylene film are improved by different methods in the above patent, the improvement of the heat resistance of the polypropylene film is not involved, and there is room for improvement in the mechanical properties, so that a polypropylene film with excellent comprehensive properties needs to be developed to meet the market demands.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a polypropylene film for a lithium battery current collector and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the defects of the prior art, wherein modified polystyrene and isotactic polypropylene are used as an upper layer and a lower layer of the polypropylene film, and isotactic polypropylene and cycloolefin copolymer are used as an intermediate layer of the polypropylene film, so that the polypropylene film for the lithium battery current collector with excellent mechanical property and heat resistance is obtained.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for achieving the purpose is as follows:
The polypropylene film for the lithium battery current collector comprises an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, wherein the components of the upper layer and the lower layer comprise 70-80 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 20-25 parts of modified polystyrene in parts by weight, and the components of the middle layer comprise 80-85 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 15-20 parts of cycloolefin copolymer;
Further, the isotacticity of the isotactic polypropylene is more than or equal to 95%, and the melt flow rate is 2.0-5.0g/10min.
Further, the mass fraction of norbornene in the cycloolefin copolymer is 50 to 66%, and the glass transition temperature of the cycloolefin copolymer is 125 to 145 ℃.
Further, the thickness of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer is 3-4 μm.
The preparation method of the modified polystyrene comprises the steps of adding styrene, modified monomers, modified nano silicon dioxide and azodiisobutyronitrile into a polymerization tube, uniformly mixing, replacing nitrogen, sealing, maintaining the reaction temperature at 75-80 ℃ for polymerization for 20-24 hours to obtain the modified polystyrene, wherein the mass ratio of the styrene to the modified monomers to the modified nano silicon dioxide to the azodiisobutyronitrile is 1:0.2-0.3:0.8-1:0.02-0.03. The preparation method of the modified monomer comprises the steps of adding methylene dichloride, sodium sulfanilate and triethylamine into a reaction container, uniformly stirring, slowly dripping epichlorohydrin, maintaining the reaction temperature at 35-40 ℃ after dripping, stirring and reacting for 3-4 hours to obtain an intermediate 1, adding toluene, the intermediate 1, 5-hexenoic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid into the reaction container, uniformly stirring, maintaining the reaction temperature at 110 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 4-5 hours to obtain the modified monomer,
The structural formula is as follows:
Further, the preparation method of the modified nano silicon dioxide comprises the following steps:
S1, dispersing nano silicon dioxide in a mixed solution of ethanol and water, adding 3-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane, regulating the pH value of the mixed solution to about 6.5, maintaining the reaction temperature to 40-50 ℃, stirring and reacting for 5-6 hours, cooling and filtering after the reaction is finished, repeatedly washing with ethanol, and drying to obtain the aminated nano silicon dioxide, wherein the mass ratio of the nano silicon dioxide to the 3-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane is 1:0.03-0.05, and the volume ratio of the ethanol to the water in the mixed solution is 1-2:1;
S2, dispersing the aminated nano silicon dioxide in ethanol, adding a modified monomer, uniformly stirring, regulating the pH value of the solution to be about 8, maintaining the reaction temperature to be 50-60 ℃, reacting for 6-8 hours, cooling, filtering, repeatedly washing with ethanol, and drying to obtain the modified nano silicon dioxide, wherein the mass ratio of the aminated nano silicon dioxide to the modified monomer is 1:0.2-0.3.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the polypropylene film for the lithium battery current collector, which comprises the following steps of respectively and uniformly mixing the components of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer according to the weight ratio, adding a host machine and an auxiliary machine of a three-layer coextrusion casting machine for melt extrusion to obtain a polypropylene film, and then biaxially stretching the polypropylene film to obtain the polypropylene film.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, styrene, modified nano silicon dioxide and modified monomers are adopted to prepare the modified polystyrene, both the modified nano silicon dioxide and the modified monomers contain hexenyl ester groups and can participate in styrene polymerization, wherein the modified monomers containing benzenesulfonic acid groups and hexenyl ester groups in the structure are grafted on the surface of the modified nano silicon dioxide, the benzenesulfonic acid groups and the hexenyl ester groups have good high temperature resistance, the heat stability of the film is improved, and the modified monomers are long-chain alkane benzenesulfonic acid sodium compounds, and have a certain dispersing effect, so that the modified nano silicon dioxide is uniformly dispersed in the modified polystyrene, and the modified polystyrene with uniform and stable structure is formed.
According to the invention, the modified nano silicon dioxide is grafted into the modified polystyrene molecule through a chemical bond, so that the modified nano silicon dioxide has better interfacial compatibility with isotactic polypropylene, and can be uniformly dispersed in a film, as the modified nano silicon dioxide surface is grafted with the modified monomer containing benzene sulfonic acid groups, the modified nano silicon dioxide can interact with other benzene ring structures in the modified polystyrene, and the arrangement of isotactic polypropylene chain segments is promoted through the interaction of CH-pi, so that the nucleation crystallization of isotactic polypropylene is effectively promoted, the mechanical property and dielectric property of the film are greatly improved, and meanwhile, the high-temperature resistant benzene sulfonic acid groups and hexenyl ester groups in the modified polystyrene can also promote the thermal stability of the film.
The modified polystyrene and the isotactic polypropylene are used as the upper layer and the lower layer of the polypropylene film, the isotactic polypropylene and the cycloolefin copolymer are used as the middle layer of the polypropylene film, and the prepared composite polypropylene film has good mechanical property and dielectric property and high thermal stability, and is more suitable for lithium battery current collectors.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments, technical features designed in different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts on the basis of the embodiments of the present application are all within the scope of protection of the present application.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the chemical reagents are all commonly and commercially available, wherein the isotacticity of isotactic polypropylene is more than or equal to 95%, the melt flow rate is 2.0-5.0g/10min, the isotacticity of isotactic polypropylene is 97%, the melt flow rate is 3.5g/10min, the mass fraction of norbornene in the cycloolefin copolymer is 50-66%, the glass transition temperature of the cycloolefin copolymer is 125-145 ℃, the cycloolefin copolymer is three-well chemical APL5014, the styrene CAS number is 100-42-5, the azodiisobutyronitrile CAS number is 78-67-1, the 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane CAS number is 13822-56-5, the epichlorohydrin CAS number is 106-89-8, the sodium sulfanilate CAS number is 515-74-2, the 5-hexenoic acid CAS number is 1577-22-6, and the p-toluenesulfonic acid CAS number is 104-15-4.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the synthetic route of the modified monomer is as follows:
Adding 500mL of dichloromethane, 20.0g of sodium sulfanilate and 15.4g of triethylamine into a reaction vessel, uniformly stirring, slowly dripping 10.3g of epichlorohydrin, maintaining the reaction temperature at 35-40 ℃ after dripping, stirring for 3-4h, filtering after the reaction is finished, taking solid for drying to obtain 30.0g of intermediate 1, adding 500mL of toluene, 30.0g of intermediate 1, 11.6g of 5-hexenoic acid and 0.87g of p-toluenesulfonic acid into the reaction vessel, uniformly stirring, maintaining the reaction temperature at 110 ℃, refluxing for 4-5h, removing toluene after the reaction is finished, extracting with water and dichloromethane, collecting water phase, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain 31.6g of modified monomer, wherein the molar ratio of sodium sulfanilate, epichlorohydrin, triethylamine, 5-hexenoic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid is 1:1.1:1.5:0.05.
Modified monomer :ESI(m/z):384.8[M+H]+,1H-NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6,δppm):9.53(s,1H),7.34(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),7.22(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),5.56-5.60(m,2H),4.88-4.93(m,2H),3.73-3.76(m,1H),3.43-3.47(m,2H),3.15-3.17(m,1H),2.25-2.30(m,4H),1.76-1.79(m,2H).
Example 1
The polypropylene film for the lithium battery current collector comprises an upper layer, an intermediate layer and a lower layer, wherein the components of the upper layer and the lower layer comprise 80 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 23 parts of modified polystyrene in parts by weight, the components of the intermediate layer comprise 85 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 20 parts of cycloolefin copolymer, and the thicknesses of the upper layer, the intermediate layer and the lower layer are 4 mu m.
A preparation method of a polypropylene film for a lithium battery current collector comprises the following steps of respectively mixing components of an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer uniformly according to weight ratio, adding a main machine and an auxiliary machine of a three-layer coextrusion casting machine for melt extrusion to obtain a polypropylene film, and then biaxially stretching the polypropylene film to obtain the polypropylene film, wherein the melt extrusion temperature is 240 ℃, the longitudinal stretching temperature is 150 ℃, the stretching rate is 5 times when the biaxially stretching is carried out, and the transverse stretching temperature is 160 ℃ and the stretching rate is 6 times.
The preparation method of the modified polystyrene comprises the steps of adding styrene, modified monomers, modified nano silicon dioxide and azodiisobutyronitrile into a polymerization tube, uniformly mixing, replacing nitrogen, sealing, maintaining the reaction temperature at 80 ℃, and carrying out polymerization for 20 hours to obtain the modified polystyrene, wherein the mass ratio of the styrene to the modified monomers to the modified nano silicon dioxide to the azodiisobutyronitrile is 1:0.3:1:0.03.
The preparation method of the modified nano silicon dioxide comprises the following steps:
S1, dispersing nano silicon dioxide in a mixed solution of ethanol and water, adding 3-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane, regulating the pH value of the mixed solution to about 6.5, maintaining the reaction temperature to 50 ℃, stirring for 5 hours, cooling, filtering after the reaction is finished, repeatedly washing with ethanol, and drying to obtain aminated nano silicon dioxide, wherein the mass ratio of the nano silicon dioxide to the 3-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane is 1:0.04, the volume ratio of the ethanol to the water in the mixed solution is 2:1, and the mass ratio of the nano silicon dioxide to the mixed solution is 1:50;
S2, dispersing the aminated nano silicon dioxide in ethanol, adding a modified monomer, uniformly stirring, regulating the pH value of the solution to about 8, maintaining the reaction temperature to be 50 ℃, reacting for 8 hours, cooling, filtering, repeatedly washing with ethanol, and drying to obtain the modified nano silicon dioxide, wherein the mass ratio of the aminated nano silicon dioxide to the modified monomer is 1:0.3, and the use amount of the ethanol is 25 times of the mass of the aminated nano silicon dioxide.
Example 2
The polypropylene film for the lithium battery current collector comprises an upper layer, an intermediate layer and a lower layer, wherein the components of the upper layer and the lower layer comprise 75 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 25 parts of modified polystyrene in parts by weight, the components of the intermediate layer comprise 80 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 18 parts of cycloolefin copolymer, and the thicknesses of the upper layer, the intermediate layer and the lower layer are 3.5 mu m.
A method for preparing a polypropylene film for a lithium battery current collector was the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the modified polystyrene comprises the steps of adding styrene, modified monomers, modified nano silicon dioxide and azodiisobutyronitrile into a polymerization tube, uniformly mixing, replacing nitrogen, sealing, maintaining the reaction temperature at 75 ℃, and carrying out polymerization for 24 hours to obtain the modified polystyrene, wherein the mass ratio of the styrene to the modified monomers to the modified nano silicon dioxide to the azodiisobutyronitrile is 1:0.25:0.8:0.02.
The preparation method of the modified nano silicon dioxide comprises the following steps:
s1, dispersing nano silicon dioxide in a mixed solution of ethanol and water, adding 3-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane, regulating the pH value of the mixed solution to about 6.5, maintaining the reaction temperature to 40 ℃, stirring for reaction for 6 hours, cooling, filtering, repeatedly washing with ethanol, and drying to obtain aminated nano silicon dioxide, wherein the mass ratio of the nano silicon dioxide to the 3-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane is 1:0.05, the volume ratio of the ethanol to the water in the mixed solution is 1:1, and the mass ratio of the nano silicon dioxide to the mixed solution is 1:50;
S2, dispersing the aminated nano silicon dioxide in ethanol, adding a modified monomer, uniformly stirring, regulating the pH value of the solution to be about 8, maintaining the reaction temperature to be 60 ℃, reacting for 6 hours, cooling after the reaction is finished, filtering, repeatedly washing with ethanol, and drying to obtain the modified nano silicon dioxide, wherein the mass ratio of the aminated nano silicon dioxide to the modified monomer is 1:0.25, and the use amount of the ethanol is 25 times of the mass of the aminated nano silicon dioxide.
Example 3
The polypropylene film for the lithium battery current collector comprises an upper layer, an intermediate layer and a lower layer, wherein the components of the upper layer and the lower layer comprise 70 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 20 parts of modified polystyrene in parts by weight, the components of the intermediate layer comprise 83 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 15 parts of cycloolefin copolymer, and the thicknesses of the upper layer, the intermediate layer and the lower layer are 3 mu m.
A method for preparing a polypropylene film for a lithium battery current collector was the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the modified polystyrene comprises the steps of adding styrene, modified monomers, modified nano silicon dioxide and azodiisobutyronitrile into a polymerization tube, uniformly mixing, replacing nitrogen, sealing, maintaining the reaction temperature at 80 ℃, and carrying out polymerization for 24 hours to obtain the modified polystyrene, wherein the mass ratio of the styrene to the modified monomers to the modified nano silicon dioxide to the azodiisobutyronitrile is 1:0.2:0.9:0.03.
The preparation method of the modified nano silicon dioxide comprises the following steps:
S1, dispersing nano silicon dioxide in a mixed solution of ethanol and water, adding 3-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane, regulating the pH value of the mixed solution to be about 6.5, maintaining the reaction temperature to be 45 ℃, stirring and reacting for 5.5 hours, cooling and filtering after the reaction is finished, and repeatedly washing with ethanol and drying to obtain the aminated nano silicon dioxide, wherein the mass ratio of the nano silicon dioxide to the 3-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane is 1:0.03, the volume ratio of the ethanol to the water in the mixed solution is 1.5:1, and the mass ratio of the nano silicon dioxide to the mixed solution is 1:50;
S2, dispersing the aminated nano silicon dioxide in ethanol, adding a modified monomer, uniformly stirring, regulating the pH value of the solution to about 8, maintaining the reaction temperature to 55 ℃, reacting for 7 hours, cooling after the reaction is finished, filtering, repeatedly washing with ethanol, and drying to obtain the modified nano silicon dioxide, wherein the mass ratio of the aminated nano silicon dioxide to the modified monomer is 1:0.2, and the use amount of the ethanol is 25 times of the mass of the aminated nano silicon dioxide.
Example 4
The polypropylene film for the lithium battery current collector comprises an upper layer, an intermediate layer and a lower layer, wherein the components of the upper layer comprise 80 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 23 parts of modified polystyrene in parts by weight, the components of the lower layer comprise 75 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 25 parts of modified polystyrene, the components of the intermediate layer comprise 83 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 15 parts of cycloolefin copolymer, the thicknesses of the upper layer and the lower layer are 4 mu m, and the thicknesses of the intermediate layer are 3 mu m.
A method for preparing a polypropylene film for a lithium battery current collector was the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the modified polystyrene is the same as that of example 1.
The preparation method of the modified nano silicon dioxide comprises the following steps:
s1, the same as the step S1 of the embodiment 2;
s2, the same as in the step S2 of the embodiment 3.
Comparative example 1
In comparison with example 1, this comparative example uses nanosilica in the preparation method of the modified polystyrene.
The polypropylene film for the lithium battery current collector comprises an upper layer, an intermediate layer and a lower layer, wherein the components of the upper layer and the lower layer comprise 80 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 23 parts of modified polystyrene in parts by weight, the components of the intermediate layer comprise 85 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 20 parts of cycloolefin copolymer, and the thicknesses of the upper layer, the intermediate layer and the lower layer are 4 mu m.
A method for preparing a polypropylene film for a lithium battery current collector was the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the modified polystyrene comprises the steps of adding styrene, modified monomers, nano silicon dioxide and azodiisobutyronitrile into a polymerization tube, uniformly mixing, replacing nitrogen, sealing, maintaining the reaction temperature at 80 ℃, and carrying out polymerization for 20 hours to obtain the modified polystyrene, wherein the mass ratio of the styrene to the modified monomers to the nano silicon dioxide to the azodiisobutyronitrile is 1:0.3:1:0.03.
Comparative example 2
In comparison with example 1, this comparative example does not use a modifying monomer in the preparation method of the modified polystyrene.
The polypropylene film for the lithium battery current collector comprises an upper layer, an intermediate layer and a lower layer, wherein the components of the upper layer and the lower layer comprise 80 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 23 parts of modified polystyrene in parts by weight, the components of the intermediate layer comprise 85 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 20 parts of cycloolefin copolymer, and the thicknesses of the upper layer, the intermediate layer and the lower layer are 4 mu m.
A method for preparing a polypropylene film for a lithium battery current collector was the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the modified polystyrene comprises the steps of adding styrene, modified nano silicon dioxide and azodiisobutyronitrile into a polymerization tube, uniformly mixing, replacing nitrogen, sealing, maintaining the reaction temperature at 80 ℃ and carrying out polymerization for 20 hours to obtain the modified polystyrene, wherein the mass ratio of the styrene to the modified nano silicon dioxide to the azodiisobutyronitrile is 1:1:0.03.
The preparation method of the modified nano-silica is the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
In comparison with example 1, polystyrene was used for both the upper and lower layers of this comparative example.
The polypropylene film for the lithium battery current collector comprises an upper layer, an intermediate layer and a lower layer, wherein the components of the upper layer and the lower layer comprise 80 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 23 parts of polystyrene in parts by weight, the components of the intermediate layer comprise 85 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 20 parts of cycloolefin copolymer, and the thicknesses of the upper layer, the intermediate layer and the lower layer are 4 mu m.
A method for preparing a polypropylene film for a lithium battery current collector was the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the polystyrene comprises the steps of adding styrene and azodiisobutyronitrile into a polymerization tube, uniformly mixing, replacing nitrogen, sealing, maintaining the reaction temperature at 80 ℃ and carrying out polymerization for 20 hours to obtain the polystyrene, wherein the mass ratio of the styrene to the azodiisobutyronitrile is 1:0.03.
The polypropylene films prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to performance test, wherein tensile strength and elongation at break were in accordance with GB/T13542.2 standard, heat shrinkage was in accordance with GB/T13542.2 standard, the test conditions were 15 minutes in an oven at 120℃and dielectric properties were in accordance with GB/T1409 standard, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Performance test results of Polypropylene films
As shown in Table 1, the polypropylene films prepared in examples 1 to 4 of the present invention have high tensile strength, elongation at break, dielectric loss tangent and breakdown strength, and low heat shrinkage, which means that the polypropylene films have good mechanical properties, dielectric properties and high thermal stability.
Compared with comparative examples 1-3, the preparation method of the modified polystyrene in the embodiment 1 of the invention uses styrene, modified nano silicon dioxide and modified monomers, wherein both the modified nano silicon dioxide and the modified monomers contain hexenyl ester groups and can participate in styrene polymerization, the modified monomers containing the phenylsulfonyl groups and hexenyl ester groups in the structures are grafted on the surfaces of the modified nano silicon dioxide, the phenylsulfonyl groups and the hexenyl ester groups have good high temperature resistance, the heat stability of the film is improved, the modified monomers are long-chain alkane sodium benzenesulfonate compounds and have a certain dispersing effect, the modified nano silicon dioxide is uniformly dispersed in the modified polystyrene, so that the modified polystyrene with uniform and stable structure is formed.
It should be noted that in this document, terms such as "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1.一种锂电池集流体用聚丙烯薄膜,其特征在于,所述聚丙烯薄膜包括上层、中间层和下层;按重量份计,所述上层和下层的组分均包括等规聚丙烯70-80份、改性聚苯乙烯20-25份;所述中间层的组分包括等规聚丙烯80-85份、环烯烃共聚物15-20份;1. A polypropylene film for lithium battery current collector, characterized in that the polypropylene film comprises an upper layer, an intermediate layer and a lower layer; in parts by weight, the components of the upper layer and the lower layer each comprise 70-80 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 20-25 parts of modified polystyrene; the components of the intermediate layer comprise 80-85 parts of isotactic polypropylene and 15-20 parts of cycloolefin copolymer; 所述改性聚苯乙烯的制备方法为:向聚合管中加入苯乙烯、改性单体、改性纳米二氧化硅和偶氮二异丁腈,混合均匀后,置换氮气,封口,维持反应温度为75-80℃,聚合反应20-24h,得到改性聚苯乙烯;所述改性单体的结构式为:The preparation method of the modified polystyrene is as follows: styrene, modified monomer, modified nano-silica and azobisisobutyronitrile are added into a polymerization tube, and after being uniformly mixed, nitrogen is replaced, the tube is sealed, and the reaction temperature is maintained at 75-80° C., and the polymerization reaction is carried out for 20-24 hours to obtain the modified polystyrene; the structural formula of the modified monomer is: ; 所述改性纳米二氧化硅的制备方法为:The preparation method of the modified nano silicon dioxide is: S1、将纳米二氧化硅分散于乙醇和水的混合溶液中,加入3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷,调节混合溶液pH值为6.5,维持反应温度为40-50℃,搅拌反应5-6h,反应完成后,冷却后过滤,并用乙醇反复洗涤,干燥后得到氨基化纳米二氧化硅;S1. Disperse nano-silica in a mixed solution of ethanol and water, add 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to 6.5, maintain the reaction temperature at 40-50° C., stir the reaction for 5-6 hours, and after the reaction is completed, cool and filter, wash repeatedly with ethanol, and dry to obtain amino-modified nano-silica; S2、将氨基化纳米二氧化硅分散于乙醇中,加入改性单体,搅拌均匀,调节溶液pH值为8,维持反应温度为50-60℃,反应6-8h,反应完成后,冷却后过滤,并用乙醇反复洗涤,干燥后得到改性纳米二氧化硅。S2. Disperse the amino-modified nano-silica in ethanol, add the modified monomer, stir evenly, adjust the pH value of the solution to 8, maintain the reaction temperature at 50-60°C, react for 6-8 hours, and after the reaction is completed, cool and filter, and wash repeatedly with ethanol, and dry to obtain modified nano-silica. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种锂电池集流体用聚丙烯薄膜,其特征在于,步骤S1中所述纳米二氧化硅、3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷的质量比为1:0.03-0.05;混合溶液中乙醇和水的体积比为1-2:1。2. The polypropylene film for lithium battery current collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the mass ratio of the nano-silicon dioxide and 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane in step S1 is 1:0.03-0.05; and the volume ratio of ethanol and water in the mixed solution is 1-2:1. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种锂电池集流体用聚丙烯薄膜,其特征在于,步骤S2中所述氨基化纳米二氧化硅、改性单体的质量比为1:0.2-0.3。3. The polypropylene film for lithium battery current collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the mass ratio of the amino-modified nano-silicon dioxide to the modified monomer in step S2 is 1:0.2-0.3. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种锂电池集流体用聚丙烯薄膜,其特征在于,在改性聚苯乙烯的制备方法中所述苯乙烯、改性单体、改性纳米二氧化硅、偶氮二异丁腈的质量比为1:0.2-0.3:0.8-1:0.02-0.03。4. A polypropylene film for lithium battery current collector according to claim 1, characterized in that in the preparation method of modified polystyrene, the mass ratio of styrene, modified monomer, modified nano-silica and azobisisobutyronitrile is 1:0.2-0.3:0.8-1:0.02-0.03. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种锂电池集流体用聚丙烯薄膜,其特征在于,所述等规聚丙烯的等规度大于等于95%,熔体流动速率为2.0-5.0g/10min。5. A polypropylene film for lithium battery current collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the isotacticity of the isotactic polypropylene is greater than or equal to 95%, and the melt flow rate is 2.0-5.0 g/10 min. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种锂电池集流体用聚丙烯薄膜,其特征在于,所述环烯烃共聚物中降冰片烯的质量分数为50-66%,所述环烯烃共聚物的玻璃化转变温度为125-145℃。6. The polypropylene film for lithium battery current collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the mass fraction of norbornene in the cycloolefin copolymer is 50-66%, and the glass transition temperature of the cycloolefin copolymer is 125-145°C. 7.根据权利要求1所述的一种锂电池集流体用聚丙烯薄膜,其特征在于,所述上层、中间层和下层的厚度均为3-4μm。7 . The polypropylene film for lithium battery current collector according to claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer are all 3-4 μm. 8.一种如权利要求1-7任一项所述的锂电池集流体用聚丙烯薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:按照重量配比,分别将上层、中间层和下层的组分混合均匀后,加入三层共挤流延机的主机和辅机熔融挤出,得到聚丙烯膜片;再将聚丙烯膜片进行双向拉伸,得到聚丙烯薄膜。8. A method for preparing a polypropylene film for lithium battery current collector as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: after uniformly mixing the components of the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer according to a weight ratio, adding the components to the main machine and the auxiliary machine of a three-layer co-extrusion casting machine for melt extrusion to obtain a polypropylene membrane sheet; and then biaxially stretching the polypropylene membrane sheet to obtain a polypropylene film.
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