CN118692292A - A skill simulation training system and method for visualizing minimally invasive laryngeal surgery - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a skill simulation training system and method for visual throat minimally invasive surgery, wherein the training system comprises a clinical throat simulation operation module, a training information follow-up module, a achievement evaluation module, a data storage module and a background service module, wherein the clinical throat simulation operation module is used for acquiring training operation data of corresponding training projects through simulating scenes of the field throat minimally invasive surgery and through image/video acquisition; the score evaluation module is used for evaluating the simulated training and checking score according to the training operation data by comparing the standard operation data with a scoring system. The training system combines the throat expert clinical experience with the simulated throat microsurgery scene to form the simulated training model of the support laryngoscope and various personalized modules with the characteristics of the laryngology, and the composition, the structure and the material selection of the system are fully considered and practiced by the throat head and neck clinical expert, so that the training of the threshold level operation skills of the primary throat expert talents is facilitated.

Description

A skill simulation training system and method for visualizing minimally invasive laryngeal surgery

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of minimally invasive throat surgery, and in particular to a skill simulation training system and method for visualized minimally invasive throat surgery.

Background Art

The voice is known as the "second face" of a person. It is a basic tool for interpersonal communication and expressing emotions. The health of the pharynx and larynx is the cornerstone of maintaining the function of the voice. More importantly, the pharynx and larynx are delicately anatomized and located in a fortress. Swallowing is the only way to swallow and breathe. The larynx is the main respiratory route and the primary organ for the production of the voice. The physiological functions of the pharynx and larynx and their healthy maintenance are closely related to the quality of life and even life of the public. When organic lesions occur in the pharynx and larynx, pharyngeal and voice surgical intervention is often relied on. In recent years, with the increasing demand for minimally invasive and refined surgery in clinical practice and the advancement of medical technology and equipment, pharyngeal and laryngeal surgery has gradually developed from open surgery with great trauma to endoscopic and minimally invasive surgery. Endoscopy, refinement, minimally invasive and maximum retention or reconstruction of pharyngeal function are the development trends of minimally invasive microsurgery of the pharynx. However, due to the deep location of the throat organs, which are difficult to expose, and the delicate anatomical structure and important functions, minimally invasive laryngeal microsurgery faces the current situation of narrow operating space, delicate instruments, narrow and long surgical pathways, and lack of tacit cooperation. This often places higher demands on the doctor's minimally invasive technology, proficiency, and precision.

Compared with laparoscopic surgeries in the abdominal, thoracic, pelvic and other disciplines, the simulation practice and training research and exploration of minimally invasive throat surgery skills (2D, 3D endoscopes, 3D exoscopes or microscopes, etc.) are still in their infancy both at home and abroad. Minimally invasive throat surgery is particularly delicate and difficult to master. In addition to the depth control, force feedback, two-handed coordination, and hand-eye coordination common in laparoscopic surgery, it is also affected by small space, lesion exposure, numerous instruments, and human-machine coordination. In traditional medical education, young doctors with low seniority can usually only repeatedly grind through the same operation or limited surgical videos. They lack hands-on opportunities and systematic and effective operation training. The learning cycle is long. It is usually difficult to train an excellent throat minimally invasive expert in 10 years. Therefore, the development of an effective, reasonable, and hierarchical throat minimally invasive surgery simulation training system is crucial for the training of two-handed throat and voice microsurgery professionals. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a standardized, normalized, and visualized throat minimally invasive surgery simulation training method and system to help young doctors develop and improve their throat and voice minimally invasive surgical skills.

In existing literature, a box-type supported laryngoscope surgery simulation trainer is disclosed, which includes a box body and a laryngeal simulation training module. An instrument operation port is provided on the front of the box body, and the angle between the instrument operation port and the laryngeal simulation training module is an acute angle, which simulates the position and angle of the mouth and larynx during surgery; the laryngeal simulation training module includes a perforated ring and an inverted V-shaped rubber strip, which simulates the structure of the glottis, and the rubber strip is located on the rear side of the ring. The above-mentioned box-type supported laryngoscope surgery simulation trainer is provided with an instrument operation port on the box body through the combination of the box body and the laryngeal simulation training module. The surgical instrument is placed through the instrument operation port to reach the operation area of the laryngeal simulation training module in the box, and the corresponding supported laryngoscope surgery simulation operation is performed.

However, the above scheme is relatively simple and does not involve endoscopic visualization. It can only simulate the position and condition of the larynx in minimally invasive throat surgery and allow users to experience simple depth control and two-handed operation of devices such as incision, suturing, and knotting. It is not convenient to monitor and record the learning process of operations in the pharynx and laryngeal cavity. There is a lack of targeted, modular, and hierarchical systematic training on key technical points of minimally invasive throat surgery, such as clamping, traction, threading, cutting, stripping, and precise suturing. There is a lack of objective learning evaluation methods and standards, which makes it inconvenient to provide feedback on learning and makes it difficult to achieve standardized, normalized, and visualized simulation training for minimally invasive throat surgery.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a visual throat minimally invasive surgery skill simulation training system to solve the above-mentioned traditional problems. It can help otolaryngology doctors in training to cultivate and understand throat and throat minimally invasive surgical skills, and assist throat and throat specialists to standardize and master throat minimally invasive techniques.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a skill simulation training method for visualized laryngeal minimally invasive surgery based on the skill simulation training system.

One of the purposes of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution:

A skill simulation training system for visualized minimally invasive throat surgery comprises a clinical throat simulation operation module, a training information follow-up module, a performance evaluation module, a data storage module and a background service module, wherein the clinical throat simulation operation module is used to obtain the training operation data of the corresponding training project by simulating the scene of on-site minimally invasive throat surgery and through image/video acquisition; the training information follow-up module is used to log in the information of trainees and record their training operation performance for each training; the performance evaluation module is used to evaluate the simulation training assessment performance by comparing the training operation data fed back by the clinical throat simulation operation module with the standard operation data and scoring system of the corresponding training project; the data storage module is used to store the information provided by the clinical throat simulation operation module, the training information follow-up module and the performance evaluation module; the background service module is respectively connected to the clinical throat simulation operation module, the training information follow-up module, the performance evaluation module and the data storage module for processing the communication data between the clinical throat simulation operation module, the training information follow-up module, the performance evaluation module and the data storage module.

Preferably, the clinical throat simulation operation module includes a simulation training device, multiple simulation training modules, throat minimally invasive surgical instruments, a simulation training endoscope device, a display system and a hand support; the simulation training device includes a box and an inclined seat arranged in the box, the front of the box is inclined, and the front of the box is provided with an instrument insertion port located in the middle position and an endoscope insertion port located above the instrument insertion port, the endoscope insertion port is used for the insertion of the simulation training endoscope device, the instrument insertion port is used for the insertion of throat minimally invasive surgical instruments to perform throat minimally invasive surgical skills simulation operation on the simulation training module, and the inclined seat is used for placing the simulation training module; the display system is electrically connected to the simulation training endoscope device.

Preferably, the clinical throat simulation operation module includes a clamp ring and column training program, a tunnel insertion training program, a pull ring and bead clamp training program, a precision cutting training program, a precision suturing training program, and a laryngeal suturing, knotting and stripping training program.

Preferably, in the ring clamping column training project, the scoring system is: requiring the cooperation of both hands, the left and right hand pliers alternately put the hollow ring sleeve on different metal rods, and complete the collection of 20 metal rods within 10 minutes. 5 points will be deducted for each drop of the metal rod, 5 points will be deducted for each incorrect placement of the hollow ring sleeve on the metal rod, 5 points will be deducted for each flattening of a hollow ring sleeve, and 5 points will be deducted for each movement of the first bottom plate. A score of 80 or above is considered qualified;

In the tunnel training project, the scoring system is: both hands are required to complete the 8 tunnels within 5 minutes, and the velvet line is inserted into each hollow ring in turn. 5 points will be deducted for each movement of the second bottom plate. Only 80 points or more are considered qualified.

In the ring-pulling and bead-clamping training project, the scoring system is: both hands are required to cooperate and the straight pliers are used to wrap the rubber band around 6 groups of pillars and place plastic balls on 6 pillars within 10 minutes. 5 points will be deducted for each time the rubber band pops off, 5 points for each plastic ball that falls, and 5 points for each movement of the third base plate. A score of 80 or above is considered qualified.

Preferably, in the precision cutting training project, the scoring system is: requiring the cooperation of both hands, 5 points will be deducted if the deviation of one cutting exceeds 3mm, requiring the cooperation of both hands and completing within 5 minutes, and 80 points or more will be considered qualified;

In the precision suturing training project, the scoring system is: both hands are required to cooperate and 10 precision sutures and knots must be completed within 10 minutes. If one suture deviates by more than 2mm, 5 points will be deducted. Only those with more than 80 points will pass.

In the laryngeal suture, knotting and stripping training program, the scoring system is: both hands are required to cooperate to complete the stripping of one side of the grape skin within 10 minutes. If the grape falls, it will be considered a failure. If part of the grape flesh is removed, 5 points will be deducted. If the hand support is not used, 5 points will be deducted. 80 points are considered a passing score.

Preferably, the training information follow-up module includes trainee information, training items, training times, training levels, assessment standards and assessment operation results.

Preferably, the performance evaluation module includes an image comparison and analysis module and an operation scoring module. The image comparison and analysis module is used to obtain the standard operation data of the corresponding training project, perform comparison and analysis, and obtain the operation status of the trainee; the operation scoring module is used to obtain the scoring system of the corresponding training project and evaluate its simulation training assessment results.

Preferably, the skill simulation training system for visualized laryngeal minimally invasive surgery also includes a prompt module that is communicatively connected to the background service module, and the prompt module is used to provide prompts to the trainees' operations in real time based on the training operation data fed back by the clinical laryngeal simulation operation module, and to record each trainee's erroneous operations.

Preferably, the skill simulation training system for visualized laryngeal minimally invasive surgery also includes a preliminary simulation device adjustment module that is communicatively connected to the background service module, and the preliminary simulation device adjustment module is used to train trainees to become proficient in adjusting the brightness, focal length and angle of the endoscope in the clinical laryngeal simulation operation module.

The second object of the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solution:

A skill simulation training method for visual pharyngology minimally invasive surgery, the skill simulation training method is applied to the skill simulation training system for visual pharyngology minimally invasive surgery described above, and the skill simulation training method comprises the following steps:

S1: Obtain trainee information and training projects, and configure the corresponding standard operation data and scoring system of the training projects according to the training projects;

S2: collecting training operation data of trainees in the clinical throat simulation operation module, wherein the training operation data includes operation image information and/or operation video information;

S3: Compare and analyze the training operation data with the standard operation data to obtain the error operation data;

S3: Score the wrong operation data according to the content of the scoring system, obtain the score data of the student in this level, and record the score;

S4: If the scoring result meets the training assessment requirements, the assessment result is passed. If the scoring result does not meet the training assessment requirements, the assessment result is failed and the wrong operation data is fed back.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The skill simulation training system for visualized laryngeal minimally invasive surgery of the present invention simulates laryngeal microsurgery (supported laryngoscope) operation scenes and combines the clinical experience of laryngologists to form a supported laryngoscope simulation training model and various personalized modules with laryngology characteristics. The composition, structure and material selection of the system have been fully considered and practiced by laryngology and head and neck clinical experts, which is convenient for the training of entry-level surgical skills for junior laryngologists.

2. The skill simulation training system for visualized minimally invasive laryngeal surgery of the present invention redesigns the simulation training modules and clinical application scenarios by drawing on the advanced concepts and training programs of laparoscopic simulation training, and combining the difficulties, pain points and anatomical characteristics of minimally invasive laryngeal surgery. By utilizing a visual endoscope and 6 exclusive modules with laryngology characteristics, the laryngeal microsurgical operation scene is fully simulated, and is not limited to high-level microscopic equipment and training venues, and does not require the consumption of live animal specimens. This invention enriches the laryngeal microsurgical skill training scenarios, and cultivates the two-handed operation, hand-eye coordination, and coordination and precision required for minimally invasive laryngeal surgery in many aspects. It is more suitable for the minimally invasive laryngeal surgery skill training of junior physicians or laryngeal professionals, and shortens the training cycle for minimally invasive laryngeal surgery.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a skill simulation training system for visualized laryngeal minimally invasive surgery according to the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the simulation training device of the present invention;

FIG3 is a front structural schematic diagram of the simulation training device shown in FIG1 ;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the simulation training device of the present invention with a simplified simulation model;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the rear view structure of the simulation training device shown in FIG4 ;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure between the simulation training device and the simulation training endoscope device and the display system shown in FIG4 ;

FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure between the simulation training device shown in FIG6 and the pharyngeal minimally invasive surgical instrument and the simulation training endoscope device;

FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping ring sleeve column module of the present invention, wherein the hollow ring sleeve is not shown;

FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of the clamp ring sleeve column module shown in FIG8 installed in the simulation training device;

FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the training process of the clamp ring sleeve column module shown in FIG8;

FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a tunneling module according to the present invention;

FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a first structure in which the tunneling module shown in FIG11 is installed in a simulation training device;

FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a second structure in which the tunneling module shown in FIG11 is installed in a simulation training device;

FIG14 is a schematic structural diagram of a pull ring pulling bead clamping module of the present invention;

FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of the pull ring traction bead clamping module shown in FIG14 installed in a simulation training device;

FIG16 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the pull ring traction bead clamping module shown in FIG14 installed in the simulation training device;

FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a precision cutting module of the present invention;

FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the precision cutting module shown in FIG17 installed in the simulation training device;

FIG19 is a schematic structural diagram of a precision suturing module of the present invention;

FIG20 is a schematic diagram of a first structure in which the precision suturing module shown in FIG19 is installed in a simulation training device;

FIG21 is a schematic diagram of a second structure in which the precision suturing module shown in FIG19 is installed in a simulation training device;

FIG22 is a schematic structural diagram of a laryngeal suture, knotting and stripping module according to the present invention;

FIG23 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of the laryngeal cavity suture, knotting and stripping module shown in FIG22 installed in a simulation training device;

FIG24 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the laryngeal cavity suture, knotting and stripping module shown in FIG22 installed in a simulation training device;

FIG25 is a schematic diagram of a first operation of the training process of the laryngeal suture, knotting and stripping module shown in FIG22 ;

FIG26 is a second operation schematic diagram of the training process of the laryngeal suture, knotting and stripping module shown in FIG22 ;

FIG. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of the arm support of the present invention.

In the figure: 10, simulation training device; 11, oblique holder; 12, front; 13, endoscope insertion port; 14, instrument insertion port; 20, clamp ring sleeve column module; 21, tunneling module; 22, pull ring traction clamp bead module; 23, precision cutting module; 24, precision suturing module; 25, laryngeal cavity suturing, knotting and stripping module; 30, minimally invasive throat surgery instruments; 40, simulation training endoscope device; 50, display system; 60, arm support.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that when an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be intermediate elements at the same time. On the contrary, when an element is said to be "directly" connected to another element, there are no intermediate elements.

Please refer to Figure 1, which is a visualized throat minimally invasive surgery skill simulation training system of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which can help otolaryngologists to cultivate and understand throat and throat minimally invasive surgical skills, and assist throat and throat specialists to standardize and master throat minimally invasive techniques. Specifically, the skill simulation training system for visualized minimally invasive throat surgery includes a clinical throat simulation operation module, a training information follow-up module, a performance evaluation module, a data storage module and a background service module. The clinical throat simulation operation module is used to obtain the training operation data of the corresponding training project by simulating the scene of on-site minimally invasive throat surgery and through image/video acquisition; the training information follow-up module is used to log in the information of the trainees and record their training operation results for each training; the performance evaluation module is used to evaluate the simulation training assessment results based on the training operation data fed back by the clinical throat simulation operation module by comparing the standard operation data (including images/videos) and scoring system of the corresponding training project; the data storage module is used to store information provided by modules such as the clinical throat simulation operation module, the training information follow-up module, and the performance evaluation module; the background service module is respectively connected to the clinical throat simulation operation module, the training information follow-up module, the performance evaluation module, and the data storage module, and is used to process the communication data between the clinical throat simulation operation module, the training information follow-up module, the performance evaluation module, and the data storage module.

Specifically, please refer to Figures 2-27 , the clinical throat operation module includes a simulation training device 10, multiple simulation training modules, a throat minimally invasive surgical instrument 30, a simulation training endoscope device 40, a display system 50 and a hand support 60.

As shown in Figures 2 to 5, the simulation training device 10 is used to support accessories such as a laryngoscope and a hypopharyngeal opener. The simulation training device 10 includes a box and an oblique seat 11 arranged in the box. The box includes a bottom surface, a front surface 12, two side surfaces and a top surface. The bottom surface, the front surface 12, the two side surfaces and the top surface form a box structure with an opening, wherein the bottom surface is approximately a square with a width of 30 cm, the top surface is approximately a rectangle with a length of 30 mm and a width of 20 cm, the front surface 12 is inclined, the slope length of the front surface 12 is 26 cm, and the angle formed by the front surface 12 and the bottom surface is an acute angle. Specifically, the angle formed by the front surface 12 and the bottom surface is 60°. A simplified simulation model of hypopharyngeal operation through a supported laryngoscope or hypopharyngeal opener is also installed on the box, such as the model structure of Figure 4, which is basically similar to the body position, size, angle and distance in the real operation scene, so that the trainee can more realistically contact the real operation.

In this embodiment, the front side 12 of the box body is provided with an endoscope insertion port 13 and an instrument insertion port 14; the instrument insertion port 14 is roughly shaped like a mouth and is placed at the 1/2 position in the middle of the front side 12 of the box body. The setting of the placement port simulates the natural oral opening of a person in a supine position during supported laryngoscopy surgery, and is used for the insertion of a simulated training endoscope device 40. In one embodiment, the instrument insertion port 14 has a width (long diameter) of 5 cm and a vertical height (short diameter) of 3 cm; the endoscope insertion port 13 is roughly circular in shape, with a diameter of 1.5 cm, and is placed above the instrument insertion port 14, and is used for the insertion of a minimally invasive throat surgery instrument 30 to simulate the operation of minimally invasive throat surgery skills in the simulation training module. The oblique card holder 11 is used to place various simulation training modules. It is placed away from the front 12 of the box body and is tilted from bottom to top. The inclined surface of the oblique card holder 11 faces the front 12 of the box body. The inclination of the oblique card holder 11 is 40°-60°. Specifically, the inclination of the oblique card holder 11 is 45°. The oblique card holder 11 is made of non-slip rubber material. It simulates the position and angle of the laryngeal cavity during surgery, and can facilitate the installation and removal of different simulation training modules. In other embodiments, the box body is made of non-transparent material, and can also be made into a closed structure to make its simulation effect better.

The simulation training device 10 simulates a patient in a supine position during surgery, with a front inclined plane of about 60 degrees, the mouth located in the middle of the inclined plane, a rectangular window of 5x3cm, and a silicone ring of about 4x2.5cm to simulate the state of opening the mouth. The endoscopic camera system is placed slightly above the mouth for easy fixation, simulating a two-person four-hand endoscopic minimally invasive surgery under a 2D, 3D endoscope or 3D exoscope under a supported laryngoscope or mouth opener. The endoscope can also be removed to simulate the surgical scene under a transoral microscope. The operation module is fixed in the box at about 3 The 0-degree slope simulates the position of the larynx during surgery. The distance from the mouth to the center of the module is about 20-23CM (refer to the distance from the mouth to the hypopharynx and larynx under the supported laryngoscope). The simulation operation module is relatively small, a square block with a diameter of less than 8CM, similar to or slightly larger than the spatial area of the larynx and hypopharynx. An adjustable hand support is placed in front of the simulator. During training, the elbows of both hands are placed on the hand support in a semi-bent and relaxed state, and the operation is flexible. Through training in various modules, the coordination of both hands, hand-eye coordination, sense of depth, and the use of instruments are cultivated.

As shown in Fig. 7, the minimally invasive throat surgery instrument 30 is used to cooperate with the simulation training device 10 for simulation training, and is inserted into the instrument insertion port 14 to operate the simulation training module in the simulation training device 10. Among them, the minimally invasive throat surgery instrument 30 includes grasping forceps, separating forceps, separating scissors, needle holders and sutures of different specifications (only one structure is shown in the figure, and other structures are not shown), which are set according to the size of laryngeal endoscopic microsurgery. In this embodiment, the diameter of the instrument rod of the minimally invasive throat surgery instrument 30 is 3mm, and the length of the instrument operating rod part of the minimally invasive throat surgery instrument 30 is 23-28cm.

As shown in FIG6 , the simulation training endoscope device 40 is used to cooperate with the simulation training device 10 to perform simulation training, simulating the scene of minimally invasive throat surgery on site to improve its simulation operation skills. Among them, the simulation training endoscope device 40 is equipped with a light source to facilitate a clearer viewing of the simulation training module in the simulation training device 10. Among them, the specifications of the simulation training endoscope device 40 are 0°, 30° straight rods with light sources that can be focused, and can be connected to display screens or mobile devices with displays such as mobile phones and computers. The simulation training endoscope device 40 also includes a fixed workpiece, which is installed on the box near the endoscope penetration port 13.

The display system 50 is used to cooperate with the simulation training endoscope device 40 to work, and the content monitored by the simulation training endoscope device 40 is displayed in time through the display system 50. The display system 50 is installed with a video recording system for recording the trainee's operation, or the display system 50 is a display with a video recording system, wherein the display system 50 is electrically connected to the simulation training endoscope device 40, and the operator's operation steps are displayed in real time through the display, fully simulating the pharyngeal and laryngeal endoscopic microsurgery scene, so that the operator can more effectively improve the pharyngeal minimally invasive surgery skills. The video recording system can conveniently record the operation video, which is convenient for monitoring, evaluation and feedback learning. The display system 50 is also equipped with a connecting connector and an operator. The display is connected to the simulation training endoscope device 40 through the connecting connector, and then controlled by the operator.

As shown in FIG27 , the hand support 60 is used to cooperate with the minimally invasive throat surgery instrument 30 to assist the trainee's arm, so that the trainee can operate the minimally invasive throat surgery instrument 30 smoothly, and it is convenient for the operator to support the elbow when performing microsurgery, and provide a stable working platform for the throat microsurgeon, so that the surgical operation can be performed more efficiently. In this embodiment, the hand support 60 includes a support seat and an adjustable support rod. The support seat is generally a rectangular structure, providing enough space to support the trainee's arm. The support rod includes a telescopic main rod and a sliding structure installed below the telescopic main rod. The telescopic main rod is installed with an adjusting nut for adjusting the height of the telescopic main rod. The sliding structure includes a cross and a pulley installed below the cross. The cross is provided with a positioning block, and the positioning block is used to position the pulley.

As shown in Figures 8 to 26, the simulation training module is used to cooperate with the simulation training device 10 for simulation training. The simulation training module is composed of a plurality of different simulation materials, which are detachably assembled in the simulation training device 10 according to different training scenarios, and can help the otolaryngology doctors to cultivate and understand the skills of minimally invasive surgical operations for throat and voice. The number of simulation training modules is 6 groups, including 6 minimally invasive technical training modules with throat specialty characteristics such as clamping, traction, wearing, cutting, stripping, and precise suturing. The size, structure and morphological characteristics of these modules are specially designed according to the fine anatomy and narrow space characteristics of the throat cavity. Specifically, the simulation training module includes a clamping ring sleeve column module 20, a tunneling module 21, a pull ring traction bead clamping module 22, a precise cutting module 23, a precise suturing module 24 and a laryngeal cavity suturing knotting stripping module 25. Among them, the shape of the module body in each module is to simulate the laryngeal cavity structure such as the vocal cords, anterior commissure, posterior commissure and other laryngeal cavity structures. The shape of the following module bodies varies according to the characteristics of the specific modules.

(1) The clamp ring sleeve column module 20 is used to train trainees to grasp delicate and fragile objects and improve the flexibility of the wrist, so as to improve the operator's accuracy and coordination in grasping with forceps under a microscopic support endoscope. In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 8 to 10, the clamp ring sleeve column module 20 includes a first base plate, a first module body arranged on the first base plate, and a hollow ring sleeve. The first base plate is a white flat bottom made of anti-slip material. The first module body is roughly in the shape of a laryngeal cavity. A number of irregularly arranged metal rods are arranged on the first module body. During the training process, the hollow ring sleeve is placed on the metal rods. The number of metal rods is 20, the diameter of the metal rods is 0.2 cm, and the inner diameter of the hollow ring sleeve is about 0.5 cm. During training, the hollow ring sleeve is placed in the bottle, near the clamp ring sleeve column module 20, and the clamp ring sleeve column module 20 is placed on the inclined holder 11. Under the direct view of the display screen of the display system 50 (the following other module operations are all operated under the display of the display screen), the trainee can operate the left and right hand forceps of the throat minimally invasive surgical instrument 30 to alternately put the small ring sleeve on different golden rods in turn to achieve the purpose of training.

(2) The tunneling module 21 is used to train the operator's orientation ability and the coordination and accuracy of both hands under the microscope support endoscope. In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 10 to 13, the tunneling module 21 includes a second bottom plate, a second module body arranged on the second bottom plate, and a velvet line. The second bottom plate is a white flat bottom made of non-slip material. The second module body is roughly in the shape of a laryngeal cavity. The first module body is provided with a number of regularly arranged hollow rings. During the training process, the velvet line is sequentially inserted into each hollow ring. The number of hollow rings is 8, and the inner diameter of the hollow ring is 1 cm. The diameter of the velvet line is smaller than the inner diameter of the hollow ring, so that the operator can purposefully pass through each ring by holding the rope with forceps.

(3) The pull ring traction bead clamping module 22 is used to cultivate the operator's depth perception, the gripping of delicate and slippery objects, and the flexibility of the wrist. In combination with the operator's accuracy of clamping and clear feedback of the operating feel during the training process, the pull ring traction bead clamping module 22 is used to train the operator's ability to adjust the strength of the fine movements of the hand. In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 14 to 16, the pull ring traction bead clamping module 22 includes a third bottom plate, a third module body arranged on the third bottom plate, a plurality of cylinders, a plurality of rubber bands and a plurality of plastic balls arranged around the third module body. The third bottom plate is a white flat bottom made of anti-slip material. The third module body is roughly in the form of a throat cavity structure. The upper part of the cylinder is hollow. The cylinders are arranged in a diamond structure around the third module body. During the training process, the rubber bands are placed on adjacent cylinders and the plastic balls are placed on the cylinders. The number of cylinders is 6, and the diameter of the cylinders is 0.5 cm. The rubber bands can be composed of small rubber bands of the same color or different colors. During the training, the rubber bands were purposefully wrapped around adjacent cylinders using forceps, and then small plastic balls with a diameter of 5 mm were clamped and placed on the six cylinders respectively.

(4) The precision cutting module 23 is used to train the operator's ability to operate with both hands, coordinate hands and eyes, convert vision and accurately cut. As shown in Figures 17 and 18, the precision cutting module 23 includes a fourth base plate and a fourth module body arranged on the fourth base plate. The fourth base plate is a white square film paper, which can also be made into other shapes according to needs. A black marking pen and a paper plate can be configured to draw different shapes by yourself. The fourth module body is a black marking circle similar to the vocal cord figure to simulate the vocal cord structure, that is, the precision cutting module 23 is composed of a square film paper with a black marking circle. The fourth base plate can be fixed on the oblique card seat 11 in other forms, or directly placed on the oblique card seat 11, so that the operator can operate. During training, the operator uses laryngeal microsurgery instruments (separation forceps and separation scissors) to accurately cut along the black marking circle (vocal cord figure). The cutting range does not exceed the boundary of the black circle. Accurate cutting is performed according to the size of the mark to achieve the purpose of training.

(5) The precision suturing module 24 is used to train the operator's basic skills in throat endoscopic microsurgery. Specifically, as shown in Figures 19 to 21, the precision suturing module 24 includes a fifth base plate and a fifth module body disposed on the fifth base plate. The fifth base plate is made of cloth material, and the fifth module body is made of soft silicone. The silicone can be fixed to the fifth base plate by glue or other means. There are a number of pinholes on the fifth base plate. Each pinhole is designed to match the size required for throat microsurgery based on the characteristics of throat anatomy. Clear pinhole marks are left on the module. During training, trainees can use this module to practice the ability to insert, remove, adjust, suturing and knotting with forceps "point to point". By comparing the pinholes for entry and exit with the pinholes designed by the module itself, the operator's basic skills in throat endoscopic microsurgery can be better evaluated and trained.

(6) The laryngeal suture, knotting and stripping module 25 is used to train the operator's hand-eye coordination and the coordination and precision of both hands. As shown in Figures 22 to 26, the laryngeal suture, knotting and stripping module 25 includes a sixth base plate and a sixth module body arranged on the sixth base plate. The sixth base plate is made of hard material. The sixth module body is roughly in the form of a laryngeal cavity structure containing vocal cords. The vocal cords are made of silicone strips. The module uses the anatomical characteristics of laryngeal surgery to manufacture a laryngeal cavity (including vocal cords) model. First, in this module, trainees can practice the ability to hold forceps and needles, adjust needles, suture and knot under a micro-supported endoscope. In particular, the "force feedback" feel of the suture needle on the silicone strip is similar to that of the real vocal cords. Secondly, small fruits with skins such as grapes and blueberries can be placed on the module (such as above the vocal cords) to simulate abnormal protrusions in the laryngeal cavity. Under direct viewing of the display, microscopic instruments can be used to perform operations such as peeling, thereby simulating the training of tissue stripping and tissue shearing in the laryngeal cavity.

In the above clinical throat simulation operation module, including the clamp ring and column training project, tunneling training project, pull ring and traction bead training project, precision cutting training project, precision suturing training project and laryngeal suture knotting and stripping training project, it can be divided into primary training projects, intermediate training projects and advanced training projects. According to the different levels of training projects, the standard operation data is used as the full score standard to divide different scoring coefficients. The specific scoring coefficients depend on the specific projects and are not described here one by one. A video shooting module is installed on the outside of the clinical throat operation module to shoot the training operations of trainees in the simulation training for evaluation. In the standard operation data, in the corresponding project, according to the requirements of the scoring system, the various step requirements and scores in each scoring requirement are marked so that the system can accurately score the trainees' operations.

The training information follow-up module and the performance evaluation module are both installed in the display system 50 of the clinical throat operation module, so as to further follow up on various training information of trainees after logging in their information.

Among them, the training information follow-up module includes trainee information, training projects, training times, training levels, assessment standards, assessment operation results and other information, which are transmitted to the data storage module through the background service module for storage.

The performance evaluation module includes an image comparison and analysis module and an operation scoring module. The image comparison and analysis module obtains the standard operation data of the corresponding training project through the data storage module, compares and analyzes it, and obtains the student's operation status; the operation scoring module obtains the scoring system of the corresponding training project through the data storage module and evaluates its simulation training assessment results.

Among them, in the ring clamping column training project, the scoring system is: require the cooperation of both hands, the left and right pliers alternately put the hollow ring on different metal rods, and complete the removal of 20 metal rods within 10 minutes. If the metal rod falls, 5 points will be deducted. If the hollow ring is placed incorrectly on the metal rod, 5 points will be deducted. If a hollow ring is flattened, 5 points will be deducted. If the first base plate moves once, 5 points will be deducted. 80 points or more are considered qualified. If the operation time is more than 10 minutes, the training project will be judged as unqualified.

In the tunneling training project, the scoring system is: both hands are required to complete the 8 tunnels within 5 minutes, and the velvet line is inserted into each hollow ring in turn. 5 points will be deducted for each movement of the second base plate. Only 80 points or more are considered qualified. If the operation time is more than 5 minutes, the training project will be judged as unqualified.

In the ring-pulling bead-clamping training project, the scoring system is: both hands are required to cooperate and the straight pliers are used to pull the rubber band around 6 sets of pillars and place the plastic balls on 6 pillars within 10 minutes. 5 points will be deducted for each rubber band popping off, each plastic ball falling, and each movement of the third base plate. 80 points or more is considered qualified. If the operation time is more than 10 minutes, the training project will be judged as unqualified.

In the precision cutting training project, the scoring system is: requiring the cooperation of both hands, if the deviation of one cutting exceeds 3mm, 5 points will be deducted, and the cooperation of both hands is required and it must be completed within 5 minutes, and 80 points or more are considered qualified. If the operation time is more than 5 minutes, the training project will be judged as unqualified.

In the precision suturing training project, the scoring system is: both hands are required to cooperate, and 10 precision sutures and knots are completed within 10 minutes (if a slipped knot occurs, it is unqualified), and 5 points will be deducted if one suture deviates more than 2mm; 80 points or more are considered passed. If the operation time is more than 10 minutes, the training project will be judged as unqualified.

In the laryngeal suture, knotting and peeling training project, the scoring system is: both hands are required to complete the peeling of one side of the grape skin within 10 minutes. If the grape falls, it is considered a failure. If part of the grape flesh is removed, 5 points will be deducted. If the hand support is not used, 5 points will be deducted. 80 points are passed. If the operation time is more than 10 minutes, the training project will be judged as unqualified.

The data storage module is a storage server in the prior art, such as an R5240H0 server, etc. The corresponding storage server is configured according to the specific data volume.

In one embodiment, the skill simulation training system for visualized laryngeal minimally invasive surgery also includes a prompt module that is communicatively connected to the background service module, which is used to provide prompts (including voice or other prompts) to trainees on their operations in real time based on the training operation data fed back by the clinical laryngeal simulation operation module, and to record each trainee's erroneous operations. After the training, the erroneous operations are displayed in the form of pictures so that the trainees can perform corrective operations based on the erroneous operation information.

In other embodiments, the skill simulation training system for visualized minimally invasive throat surgery also includes a preliminary simulation device adjustment module that is communicatively connected to the background service module. The preliminary simulation device adjustment module is used to train trainees to be proficient in adjusting the brightness, focal length and angle of the endoscope in the clinical throat simulation operation module, so that their simulation operations can be better exposed in the surgical field of view of the display system 50.

In other embodiments, the present invention further provides a skill simulation training method for visual laryngeal minimally invasive surgery, which is applied to the above-mentioned skill simulation training system, and the skill simulation training method comprises the following steps:

S1: Obtain trainee information and training projects, and configure the corresponding standard operation data and scoring system of the training projects according to the training projects;

S2: collecting training operation data of trainees in the clinical throat simulation operation module, wherein the training operation data includes operation image information and/or operation video information;

S3: Compare and analyze the training operation data with the standard operation data to obtain the error operation data;

S3: Score the wrong operation data according to the content of the scoring system, obtain the score data of the student in this level, and record the score;

S4: If the scoring results meet the training assessment requirements, the assessment result is passed. If the scoring results do not meet the training assessment requirements, the assessment result is failed, and the wrong operation data will be fed back for further learning. Only after the learning hours requirement is met can the simulated training operation be carried out again. Standard learning videos can also be provided for their learning use.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims (10)

1. The skill simulation training system for the visual throat minimally invasive surgery is characterized by comprising a clinical throat simulation operation module, a training information follow-up module, a score evaluation module, a data storage module and a background service module, wherein the clinical throat simulation operation module is used for acquiring training operation data of corresponding training projects through simulating scenes of the field throat minimally invasive surgery and through image/video acquisition; the training information follow-up module is used for logging in information of training students and recording the training operation score of each time; the achievement evaluation module is used for evaluating the simulated training assessment achievement of the corresponding training project by comparing the standard operation data and the scoring system of the training project according to the training operation data fed back by the clinical throat simulation operation module; the data storage module is used for storing information provided by the clinical throat simulation operation module, the training information follow-up module and the achievement evaluation module; the background service module is respectively in communication connection with the clinical throat simulation operation module, the training information follow-up module, the achievement evaluation module and the data storage module and is used for processing communication data among the clinical throat simulation operation module, the training information follow-up module, the achievement evaluation module and the data storage module.

2. The skill simulation training system for visual minimally invasive throat surgery of claim 1, wherein the clinical throat simulation operation module comprises a simulation training device, a plurality of simulation training modules, a minimally invasive throat surgical instrument, a simulation training endoscope device, a display system, and a hand rest; the simulation training device comprises a box body and an inclined clamping seat arranged in the box body, wherein the front surface of the box body is obliquely arranged, an instrument penetrating opening arranged at the center position and an endoscope penetrating opening positioned above the instrument penetrating opening are formed in the front surface of the box body, the endoscope penetrating opening is used for penetrating a simulation training endoscope device, the instrument penetrating opening is used for penetrating a minimally invasive throat surgical instrument to simulate operation of the minimally invasive throat surgical skill of the simulation training module, and the inclined clamping seat is used for placing the simulation training module; the display system is electrically connected with the simulated training endoscope device.

3. The skill simulation training system for visual minimally invasive throat surgery of claim 1, wherein the clinical throat simulation operation module comprises a clamp loop sleeve training program, a tunnel-through training program, a pull ring traction clamping bead training program, a precise cutting training program, a precise suturing training program and a laryngeal cavity suturing knot-tying stripping training program.

4. The skill simulation training system for visual minimally invasive throat surgery of claim 3 wherein in the jacket post training program, the scoring system is: the method is characterized in that the two hands are required to be matched, the left hand pliers and the right hand pliers are sequentially sleeved on different metal posts in an alternating mode, 20 metal posts are sleeved within 10 minutes, the metal posts fall down for 5 minutes, the hollow rings are sleeved on the metal posts and are placed wrong, the hollow rings are buckled for 5 minutes once, one hollow ring is clamped for 5 minutes, the first bottom plate moves for 5 minutes, and more than 80 minutes are calculated to be qualified;

In the tunnel-crossing training project, the scoring system is as follows: requiring two hands to cooperate, completing threading of 8 tunnels within 5 minutes, sequentially threading velvet threads into each hollow circular ring, and enabling the second bottom plate to move once for buckling for 5 minutes and then calculating to be qualified after more than 80 minutes;

In the pull ring traction bead clamping training project, the scoring system is as follows: the rubber band is pulled to be wound on 6 groups of upright posts by the straight pliers which are required to be matched with two hands within 10 minutes, and the plastic balls are placed on 6 upright posts, the rubber band is sprung off once for buckling 5 minutes, the plastic balls fall off one buckle for 5 minutes, and the third bottom plate moves once for buckling 5 minutes, so that the plastic balls are qualified after 80 minutes.

5. The skill simulation training system for visual minimally invasive throat surgery of claim 3 wherein in the precision cutting training program, the scoring system is: requiring two hands to match, cutting the buckle by more than 3mm for 5 minutes, and finishing within 5 minutes, wherein the cutting is qualified after more than 80 minutes;

In the accurate suture training project, the scoring system is as follows: requiring two hands to cooperate, completing 10 accurate suturing and knotting in 10 minutes, wherein one suturing deviates by more than 5 minutes from a 2mm button; the closing is calculated after more than 80 minutes;

In the laryngeal cavity suturing knot-tying and peeling training program, the scoring system is as follows: the grape skin on one side is required to be peeled off within 10 minutes after the two hands are matched, the grape falling calculation fails, a part of grape flesh is cut off and buckled for 5 minutes, and the hand supporting frame is not used for buckling for 5 minutes, and the grape falling calculation fails, and the grape flesh is divided into 80 minutes and the grid.

6. The visual throat minimally invasive surgical skill simulation training system of claim 1, wherein the training information follow-up module comprises trainee information, training program, training times, training level, assessment criteria, and assessment performance.

7. The visual skill simulation training system for the minimally invasive throat surgery according to claim 1, wherein the achievement evaluation module comprises an image comparison analysis module and an operation scoring module, wherein the image comparison analysis module is used for obtaining standard operation data of corresponding training projects, comparing and analyzing the standard operation data to obtain the operation condition of the student; the operation scoring module is used for obtaining a scoring system of the corresponding training project and evaluating the simulated training assessment score of the training project.

8. The visual minimally invasive throat surgery skill simulation training system according to claim 1, further comprising a prompt module in communication with the background service module, wherein the prompt module is configured to prompt operations of training students in real time according to training operation data fed back by the clinical minimally invasive throat surgery module, and record erroneous operations of each training student.

9. The visual minimally invasive throat surgical skill simulation training system of claim 1, further comprising a pre-simulator adjustment module communicatively coupled to the background service module, the pre-simulator adjustment module being configured to train a training learner to adjust proficiency in adjusting brightness, focal length, and angle of an endoscope in the clinical minimally invasive throat surgical module.

10. A skill simulation training method for a visual minimally invasive throat surgery, which is applied to a skill simulation training system for the visual minimally invasive throat surgery according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the skill simulation training method comprises the following steps:

S1: acquiring training student information and training items, and configuring standard operation data and scoring system of the corresponding training items according to the training items;

S2: collecting training operation data of a training student in a clinical throat simulation operation module, wherein the training operation data comprises operation image information and/or operation video information;

S3: comparing and analyzing the training operation data with the standard operation data to obtain error operation data;

S3: scoring the error operation data according to the content of the scoring system to obtain scoring data of the student in the level and recording scoring results;

S4: if the scoring score meets the training and checking requirements, the checking result is passed, and if the scoring score does not meet the training and checking requirements, the checking result is not passed, and error operation data are fed back.