CN118669506A - Differential mechanism, axle and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical transmission, and discloses a differential, an axle and a vehicle, wherein the differential comprises a sun gear, a planet carrier, a gear ring and a reduction gear; the sun gear is connected with the input end, the planet carrier is respectively connected with each planet wheel in a rotating way, and the planet carrier is also connected with the first output end, so that the input end can drive the first output end to rotate through the sun gear, the plurality of planet wheels and the planet carrier; the gear sleeve is sleeved on the plurality of planetary gears and meshed with the second output end and the gear ring, and the reduction gear is meshed with the second output end and the gear ring respectively, so that the input end can drive the second output end to rotate through the sun gear, the plurality of planetary gears, the gear ring and the reduction gear, the whole parts are fewer, the structure is simpler, the maintenance is convenient, the cost is lower, the torque and the rotating speed of the first output end and the second output end can be balanced through the reduction gear, the technical problems that a differential mechanism in the prior art is easy to damage and inconvenient to maintain are solved, the structure is simple, and the technical effect of convenient maintenance is achieved.

Description

Differentials, axles and vehicles

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical transmission, and in particular to a differential, an axle and a vehicle.

Background Art

In the prior art, differentials are mainly used in the field of automotive technology. When a car turns, since the rotation speeds of the left and right wheels are different, in order to ensure that the car is not prone to slipping due to the different rotation speeds of the wheels on both sides during the turning process, a differential is used to achieve different rotation speeds of the wheels on both sides of the vehicle.

The differentials in the prior art mainly include bevel gear differentials, Torsen differentials, and cylindrical gear differentials. The bevel gear differential is mainly composed of a pair of planetary bevel gears, a pair of sun bevel gears, a planetary wheel carrier, a differential case, axle gears and other parts. The structures of other differentials are also very complicated, which makes the differentials easy to damage and inconvenient to repair.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a differential, an axle and a vehicle, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the differential is easily damaged and inconvenient to repair.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a differential, including a sun gear, a planetary gear, a planet carrier, a ring gear and a reduction gear;

The sun gear is connected to the input end, the input end drives the sun gear to rotate, the sun gear is meshed with the plurality of planetary gears, the planet carrier is respectively connected to each of the planetary gears for rotation, and the planet carrier is also connected to the first output end, so that the input end can drive the first output end to rotate through the sun gear, the plurality of planetary gears and the planet carrier;

The gear ring is mounted on and meshed with the plurality of planetary gears, and the reduction gear is respectively meshed with the second output end and the gear ring, so that the input end can drive the second output end to rotate through the sun gear, the plurality of planetary gears, the gear ring and the reduction gear.

In an optional embodiment, when the first output end and the second output end are subjected to the same force, the first output end and the second output end have the same rotation speed;

When the first output end and the second output end are subjected to different forces, the rotational speeds of the first output end and the second output end are made different by adjusting the rotational speeds of the planet carrier and the ring gear relative to the sun gear.

In an optional embodiment, the first output end and the second output end have the same rotation direction, and the first output end and the second output end are arranged on the same axis.

In an optional embodiment, the torques at the first output end and the second output end are the same.

In an optional implementation, the torque at the input end is less than the sum of the torques at the first output end and the second output end.

In an optional embodiment, a driven gear is provided on the second output end, the driven gear is meshed with the reduction gear, and a gear ratio between the driven gear and the reduction gear is i=1.25.

In an optional embodiment, it is characterized in that the ratio between the number of teeth of the ring gear and the number of teeth of the sun gear is K=4.

The present invention also provides a vehicle axle, comprising a left shaft, a right shaft and the differential;

One end of the left shaft is connected to the planet carrier, and the other end of the left shaft is provided with the first output end;

One end of the right shaft is meshed with the reduction gear, and the other end of the right shaft is provided with the second output end.

In an optional embodiment, a drive motor is further included. The drive motor is provided with the input end. The drive motor is connected to the sun gear, and the drive motor is used to drive the sun gear to rotate.

The present invention also provides a vehicle, comprising the axle.

A differential provided by the present invention comprises a sun gear, a planetary gear, a planetary carrier, a ring gear and a reduction gear; the sun gear is connected to an input end, the input end drives the sun gear to rotate, the sun gear is meshed with a plurality of planetary gears, the planetary carrier is respectively connected to each planetary gear for rotation, and the planetary carrier is also connected to a first output end, so that the input end can drive the first output end to rotate through the sun gear, the plurality of planetary gears and the planetary carrier; the ring gear is sleeved on and meshed with the plurality of planetary gears, and the reduction gear is respectively meshed with the second output end and the ring gear, so that the input end can drive the second output end to rotate through the sun gear, the plurality of planetary gears, the ring gear and the reduction gear, so that the overall parts are fewer, the structure is simpler, the maintenance is convenient, and the cost is lower. At the same time, the torque and the speed of the first output end and the second output end can be balanced through the reduction gear, so that the technical problems of easy damage and inconvenient maintenance of the differential in the prior art are solved, and the technical effects of simple structure and convenient maintenance are achieved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a differential mentioned in an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1-sun gear; 2-planetary gear; 3-ring gear; 4-planet carrier; 5-reduction gear; 6-input end; 7-first output end; 8-second output end; 9-driven gear.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

The differentials in the prior art mainly include bevel gear differentials, Torsen differentials, and cylindrical gear differentials. The bevel gear differential is mainly composed of a pair of planetary bevel gears, a pair of sun bevel gears, a planetary wheel carrier, a differential case, axle gears and other parts. The structures of other differentials are also very complicated, which makes the differentials easy to damage and inconvenient to repair.

In view of this, as shown in Figure 1, some embodiments of the present invention provide a differential, including a sun gear 1, a planetary gear 2, a planetary carrier 4, a ring gear 3 and a reduction gear 5; the sun gear 1 is connected to the input end 6, the input end 6 drives the sun gear 1 to rotate, the sun gear 1 is meshed with multiple planetary gears 2, the planetary carrier 4 is respectively connected to each planetary gear 2 for rotation, and the planetary carrier 4 is also connected to the first output end 7, so that the input end 6 can drive the first output end 7 to rotate through the sun gear 1, multiple planetary gears 2 and the planetary carrier 4; the ring gear 3 is sleeved on the multiple planetary gears 2 and meshed, and the reduction gear 5 is respectively meshed with the second output end 8 and the ring gear 3, so that the input end 6 can drive the second output end 8 to rotate through the sun gear 1, multiple planetary gears 2, the ring gear 3 and the reduction gear 5.

In the above embodiment, the sun gear 1, the planetary gear 2, the planetary carrier 4, and the ring gear 3 can all be made of metal materials, wherein the sun gear 1 is fixed along the axis so that the sun gear 1 can only rotate along the axis, a plurality of planetary gears 2 can be arranged around the sun gear 1, four planetary gears 2 can be arranged, and the planetary gears 2 can be evenly arranged around the sun gear 1, each planetary gear 2 can be connected to the sun gear 1 by means of a helical gear, thereby increasing the connection area between the sun gear 1 and the planetary gear 2, and the planetary carrier 4 can be arranged according to the number of planetary gears 2. When there are four planetary gears 2, the planetary carrier 4 can be arranged in a square shape, and the planetary carrier 4 is rotatably connected to each planetary gear 2 through a pin shaft, so that when the sun gear 1 is driven by the input end 6, the sun gear 1 drives the four planetary gears 2 to rotate, and the four planetary gears 2 can drive the planetary carrier 4 to rotate through the pin shaft, and further, a sleeve can be provided on the outside of the planetary gear 2 The ring gear 3 meshing with each planetary gear 2 has a helical gear meshing with each planetary gear 2 at its inner diameter, so that when the sun gear 1 drives the multiple planetary gears 2 to rotate, the multiple planetary gears 2 can also drive the ring gear 3 to rotate, and the outer diameter of the ring gear 3 can also be provided with a rack, and the outer diameter of the ring gear 3 can be connected to the second output end 8 by meshing with the reduction gear 5, so that the ring gear 3 can drive the second output end 8 to rotate. At the same time, the multiple planetary gears 2 driven by the sun gear 1 rotate, and the multiple planetary gears 2 can also revolve when they rotate on their own, so that the planet carrier 4 starts to rotate, and the planet carrier 4 drives the first output end 7 to rotate, thereby distributing the speed and torque input by the input end 6 to the first output end 7 and the second output end 8. There is no need for complicated involvement. When the differential function needs to be realized, it is sufficient to adjust the speed of the ring gear 3 and the speed of the planet carrier 4, and the differential function can be realized by simply using a few parts.

Some embodiments of the present invention provide a differential, including a sun gear 1, a planetary gear 2, a planetary carrier 4, a ring gear 3 and a reduction gear 5; the input end 6 can drive the first output end 7 to rotate through the sun gear 1, multiple planetary gears 2 and the planetary carrier 4, and the input end 6 can drive the second output end 8 to rotate through the sun gear 1, multiple planetary gears 2, the ring gear 3 and the reduction gear 5, resulting in fewer overall parts, a simpler structure, convenient maintenance, and lower cost. At the same time, the reduction gear 5 can balance the torque and speed of the first output end 7 and the second output end 8, thereby solving the technical problems of easy damage and inconvenient maintenance of the differential in the prior art, and achieving the technical effect of simple structure and convenient maintenance.

In an optional embodiment, when the first output end 7 and the second output end 8 are subjected to the same force, the rotational speeds of the first output end 7 and the second output end 8 are the same; when the first output end 7 and the second output end 8 are subjected to different forces, the rotational speeds of the first output end 7 and the second output end 8 are made different by adjusting the rotational speeds of the planet carrier 4 and the ring gear 3 relative to the sun gear 1.

In the above embodiment, when driving in a straight line, the forces on the first output end 7 and the second output end 8 are the same. At this time, the rotation speeds of the first output end 7 and the second output end 8 are the same. The first output end 7 and the second output end 8 are respectively used to drive the tires on the left and right sides. When the vehicle turns, the forces on the first output end 7 and the second output end 8 are different. At this time, the rotation speeds of the first output end 7 and the second output end 8 are different. The rotation speeds of the first output end 7 and the second output end 8 can be adjusted by adjusting the revolution speeds of the multiple planetary gears 2, that is, the rotation speeds of the planet carrier 4 and the ring gear 3.

In an optional embodiment, the first output end 7 and the second output end 8 have the same rotation direction, and the first output end 7 and the second output end 8 are arranged on the same axis.

In the above embodiment, the rotation directions of the first output terminal 7 and the second output terminal 8 are consistent, and the rotation axes of the first output terminal 7 and the second output terminal 8 coincide, so that when the first output terminal 7 and the second output terminal 8 drive the tires on the left and right sides, the space occupied by the first output terminal 7 and the second output terminal 8 can be made smaller, and the synchronous movement of the tires on both sides can also be achieved.

In an optional embodiment, the torques of the first output end 7 and the second output end 8 are the same.

In an optional embodiment, the torque at the input end 6 is smaller than the sum of the torques at the first output end 7 and the second output end 8 .

In the above embodiment, the torque between the first output terminal 7 and the second output terminal 8 is the same, so that the vehicle is more stable during driving, and slipping caused by different torques of the left and right tires of the vehicle is avoided. At the same time, different friction levels of the left and right tires are avoided, and the torque of the input terminal 6 is amplified after the planetary gear 2 and the reduction gear 5 are engaged, so that the sum of the torques of the first output terminal 7 and the second output terminal 8 can be greater than the torque of the input terminal 6, or the torques of the first output terminal 7 and the second output terminal 8 are respectively greater than the torque of the input terminal 6, so that the vehicle has greater torque and better power.

In an optional embodiment, a driven gear 9 is provided on the second output end 8 , and the driven gear 9 is meshed with the reduction gear 5 , and a gear ratio between the driven gear 9 and the reduction gear 5 is i=1.25.

In an optional embodiment, it is characterized in that the ratio K between the number of teeth of the ring gear 3 and the number of teeth of the sun gear 1 is 4.

In the above embodiment, it can be known from the fact that the torques of the first output terminal 7 and the second output terminal 8 are the same that when the input torque of the input terminal 6 is 1, the torque of the first output terminal 7 is 1+k, and the torque of the second output terminal 8 is k×i, so 1+k=k×i. According to this formula, the relationship between the tooth ratio i of the driven gear 9 and the reduction gear 5 and the ratio K between the number of teeth of the ring gear 3 and the number of teeth of the sun gear 1 can be designed, thereby designing a differential with the same left and right torques.

Some embodiments of the present invention also provide an axle, including a left shaft, a right shaft and a differential; one end of the left shaft is connected to the planetary carrier 4, and the other end of the left shaft is provided with a first output end 7; one end of the right shaft is meshed with the reduction gear 5, and the other end of the right shaft is provided with a second output end 8.

In the above embodiment, both the left shaft and the right shaft can be set as the transmission half bridge of the vehicle, the left shaft and the right shaft can be set on the same straight line, and both the left shaft and the right shaft can be made of steel. The ends of the left shaft and the right shaft that are far away from each other are fixedly connected to the left wheel and the right wheel respectively, and the ends of the left shaft and the right shaft that are close to each other can be connected to the planet carrier 4 and the driven gear 9 respectively, so that after the input end 6 drives the multiple planetary gears 2 through the sun gear 1, the multiple planetary gears 2 can drive the left shaft to rotate through the planet carrier 4, and the multiple planetary gears 2 can also drive the ring gear 3 to rotate, and the reduction gear 5 and the driven gear 9 are driven by the ring gear 3 to drive the right shaft to rotate, so as to achieve the output of torque and speed.

In an optional embodiment, a drive motor is further included. The drive motor is provided with an input terminal 6. The drive motor is connected to the sun gear 1 and is used to drive the sun gear 1 to rotate.

In the above embodiment, the drive motor can be a brushed motor or a brushless motor, and can be a permanent magnet motor. The drive motor can be set in the engine compartment or in the trunk. The drive motor can drive the front axle or the rear axle of the vehicle. The drive motor is fixed to the housing of the axle. The drive motor can be engaged with the sun gear 1 through gears, or the rotating shaft can be directly connected to the sun gear 1 for direct drive.

Some embodiments of the present invention also provide a vehicle including an axle.

In the above embodiments, the axle may be selected as the front axle or the rear axle of the vehicle, or may be respectively arranged on the front and rear axles, that is, the vehicle may be selectively provided with one or more axles.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A differential, characterized in that it comprises a sun gear, a planetary gear, a planetary carrier, a ring gear and a reduction gear; The sun gear is connected to the input end, the input end drives the sun gear to rotate, the sun gear is meshed with the plurality of planetary gears, the planet carrier is respectively connected to each of the planetary gears for rotation, and the planet carrier is also connected to the first output end, so that the input end can drive the first output end to rotate through the sun gear, the plurality of planetary gears and the planet carrier; The gear ring is mounted on and meshed with the plurality of planetary gears, and the reduction gear is respectively meshed with the second output end and the gear ring, so that the input end can drive the second output end to rotate through the sun gear, the plurality of planetary gears, the gear ring and the reduction gear. 2. The differential according to claim 1, characterized in that when the first output end and the second output end are subjected to the same force, the first output end and the second output end have the same rotation speed; When the first output end and the second output end are subjected to different forces, the rotational speeds of the first output end and the second output end are made different by adjusting the rotational speeds of the planet carrier and the ring gear relative to the sun gear. 3 . The differential according to claim 1 , wherein the first output end and the second output end have the same rotation direction, and the first output end and the second output end are arranged on the same axis. 4 . The differential according to claim 1 , wherein the torques of the first output end and the second output end are the same. 5 . The differential according to claim 1 , wherein the torque at the input end is smaller than the sum of the torques at the first output end and the second output end. 6 . The differential according to claim 1 , wherein a driven gear is disposed on the second output end, the driven gear is meshed with the reduction gear, and a gear ratio between the driven gear and the reduction gear is i=1.25. 7 . The differential according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio K between the number of teeth of the ring gear and the number of teeth of the sun gear is 4. 8. A vehicle axle, characterized by comprising a left shaft, a right shaft and a differential as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7; One end of the left shaft is connected to the planet carrier, and the other end of the left shaft is provided with the first output end; One end of the right shaft is meshed with the reduction gear, and the other end of the right shaft is provided with the second output end. 9 . The vehicle axle according to claim 8 , further comprising a drive motor, the drive motor being provided with the input end, the drive motor being connected to the sun gear, and the drive motor being used to drive the sun gear to rotate. 10. A vehicle, characterized by comprising the axle according to claim 8.