CN118666460A - System and method for improving culture environment of culture pond - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a system and method for improving the aquaculture environment of an aquaculture pond, wherein the aquaculture environment improvement system comprises a floating bed plate, a fixing seat is arranged at the top of the floating bed plate, a plurality of planting grooves are opened on the floating bed plate, a flow channel is arranged inside the floating bed plate, and the flow channels at the head end and the tail end both penetrate the floating bed plate, a planting cup is arranged in each planting groove, a first water flow hole is arranged on the side wall of the planting cup, and a second water flow hole is arranged on the bottom of the planting cup, when the first water flow hole is communicated with the flow channel, the second water flow hole is in a sealed state; the system also comprises a temporary storage tank, a treatment tank and a solid-liquid separator, a crushing mechanism is arranged at one end of the fixing seat, and a suction pump is arranged at the other end; the system is used for purifying and improving the water quality and bottom mud of the aquaculture pond at the same time, integrating the bottom mud cleaning function and the pond water quality purification function, and achieving good improvement effect and high efficiency in the aquaculture environment of the pond.

Description

Aquaculture pond aquaculture environment improvement system and improvement method

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of water purification/aquaculture, and in particular to a system and method for improving the aquaculture environment of an aquaculture pond.

Background Art

During the breeding process, a thick layer of silt will form at the bottom of the pond due to the continuous accumulation of fish and shrimp excrement, dead bodies, organic fertilizers and leftover bait. At the same time, in order to ensure the healthy growth of fish, workers tend to feed too much bait, and then the leftover bait will settle at the bottom, aggravating pollution and eventually causing the pond bottom to become compacted. The compaction of the pond bottom has the following hazards:

Water hypoxia: Organic matter at the bottom of the pond (such as leftover bait, feces, dead algae, etc.) consumes a large amount of oxygen during the decomposition process by microorganisms, resulting in a significant decrease in the dissolved oxygen content in the bottom water, causing water hypoxia.

Impact: Under hypoxic conditions, fish grow slowly, their immunity decreases, and they are more susceptible to disease. In severe cases, they will float to the surface and even capsize in the pond and die.

Water acidification: Organic matter ferments and decomposes in an anaerobic environment, producing a large amount of organic and inorganic acids, which leads to acidification of the bottom sediment and water quality and a significant drop in pH value.

Impact: Low pH will affect the respiration and metabolism of fish, shrimp and crabs, causing growth stagnation and even death.

Massive reproduction of harmful bacteria: Harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite produced by the decomposition of organic matter provide a rich source of nutrition for harmful bacteria, promoting their massive reproduction.

Impact: The increase of harmful bacteria will cause fish, shrimp and crabs to become sick, especially those living on the bottom, increasing the risk of disease and mortality during the breeding process.

Production of toxic gases: In an oxygen-deficient environment, anaerobic bacteria decompose organic matter and produce toxic gases such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and methane.

Impact: These gases have direct toxic effects on aquatic organisms, affecting their normal physiological functions and survival.

Water quality deterioration: Bottom compaction leads to an increase in suspended matter and colloids in the water, reduced transparency, and affects the photosynthesis of phytoplankton and water quality stability.

Impact: Deterioration of water quality will further aggravate the problem of insufficient dissolved oxygen, forming a vicious cycle and seriously affecting aquaculture efficiency and product quality.

Increased feed coefficient: hypoxia in the bottom leads to reduced fish food intake, lower digestibility and decreased feed utilization.

Impact: Breeding costs increase, economic benefits decrease, and uneaten feed residues further aggravate bottom pollution.

In summary, existing aquaculture ponds have many problems such as hardened bottom and eutrophication of water bodies, which not only threaten the health and growth of aquatic animals, but also directly affect the economic benefits of aquaculture. Therefore, timely and effective measures to improve the pond aquaculture environment are crucial to ensure the success of aquaculture.

In the prior art, there are also plans to improve the breeding environment of aquaculture ponds, such as using ecological floating beds to purify water quality during breeding, then adding quicklime, microbial preparations, etc. to the pond through chemical and biological methods, and finally draining the pond water and dredging during the fallow period. However, this method has a relatively single purification effect and cannot purify and improve both water quality and bottom sediment at the same time.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for improving the aquaculture pond environment, which are used to purify and improve the bottom sludge and water quality in the aquaculture pond at the same time, integrating the bottom sludge cleaning function and the pond water quality purification function, and the pond aquaculture environment improvement effect is good and the efficiency is high.

In order to achieve the above object, on the one hand, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

A breeding pond breeding environment improvement system, comprising a floating bed plate, a fixing seat is arranged at the middle position of the top of the floating bed plate, a plurality of planting grooves distributed in a linear array are evenly opened on both sides of the fixing seat, a flow channel is arranged inside the floating bed plate to connect the planting grooves in sequence, and the flow channels at the head end and the tail end both penetrate the floating bed plate, a planting cup is movably arranged in each planting groove, a first water flow hole for connecting with the flow channel is arranged on the side wall of the planting cup, a second water flow hole is arranged at the bottom of the planting cup, and when the first water flow hole is connected with the flow channel, the second water flow hole is in a sealed state;

It also includes a temporary storage tank, a treatment tank and a solid-liquid separator arranged on the shore. A crushing mechanism is arranged at one end of the fixed seat, and a suction pump is arranged at the other end. The crushing mechanism is used to crush the pond bottom mud, and the suction pump is used to suck the crushed bottom mud into the temporary storage tank. The solid-liquid separator is used to separate the solid and liquid of the raw water in the temporary storage tank and transport the separated liquid to the treatment tank. The liquid in the treatment tank is used to be transported to the flow channel at the head end of the floating bed plate.

Furthermore, the bottom end of the planting cup is closed, the upper half of the outer wall of the planting cup is provided with an external thread, and the lower half is a smooth section, the smooth section of the planting cup is provided with a plurality of second water flow holes along the circumference of the planting cup, the first water flow hole is located above the second water flow hole, and the groove wall of each planting groove is provided with an annular groove, and a worm gear is rotatably connected in each annular groove, and the inner ring of the worm gear cooperates with the outer wall thread of the planting cup.

Furthermore, a sealing block is fixed at the bottom of the floating bed plate at the notch of each planting groove, and the inner wall of the sealing block is tightly fitted with the outer wall of the smooth section of the planting cup.

Furthermore, a transmission cavity connected to the annular groove is opened on one side of the planting groove inside the floating bed plate, and a control shaft is rotatably connected inside the floating bed plate, and the control shaft extends through all the transmission cavities in the same row, and a worm is provided on the part of the control shaft located in each transmission cavity, and each worm wheel is meshed with the worm in the corresponding transmission cavity, and one end of the control shaft protrudes from the floating bed plate, and a buoyancy plate is provided at the bottom end of the planting cups in each row, and the buoyancy plate is respectively fixedly connected to all the planting cups in the same row.

Furthermore, a rubber bag, an inflation and deflation device and a propeller assembly are also provided on the floating bed board. An opening is provided at the bottom of the buoyancy board, and the rubber bag corresponds to the buoyancy board one by one and the rubber bag is encapsulated in the opening at the bottom of the corresponding buoyancy board; a plurality of L-shaped supporting connecting rods are provided at the bottom of the floating bed board along the circumference of the floating bed board, and the propeller assemblies are installed on the L-shaped supporting connecting rods one by one; the inflation and deflation device includes a first electric air pump, an air guide pipe, a first straight-through solenoid valve and a second straight-through solenoid valve. The first electric air pump is installed on a fixed seat, one end of the air guide pipe is connected to the air outlet end of the first electric air pump, and the other end is connected to the internal cavity of the buoyancy board. The first straight-through solenoid valve and the second straight-through solenoid valve are installed sequentially in the air guide pipe along the gas diversion direction through inflation by the first electric air pump, and one of the ports of the second straight-through solenoid valve is connected to the air guide pipe.

Furthermore, an air channel is opened inside the floating bed plate above each flow channel, and an air blowing device is arranged on the floating bed plate, and the air blowing device includes a second electric air pump, an air distribution loop pipe and an air distribution branch pipe. The second electric air pump is installed on a fixed seat, and the air distribution loop pipe is a rectangular frame structure and is horizontally buried inside the floating bed plate. One end of the air distribution loop pipe is connected to the air outlet end of the second electric air pump, and a number of air distribution branch pipes are arranged one by one corresponding to the air channels. One end of the air distribution branch pipe is connected to the air distribution loop pipe, and the other end is connected to the corresponding air channel.

Furthermore, an anchor assembly is provided at the center of the bottom of the floating bed plate.

On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for improving the aquaculture environment of an aquaculture pond, which is implemented by using the aquaculture environment improvement system of the aquaculture pond as described above. The improvement method comprises the following steps:

a. Desilting the pond bottom, breaking the surface layer of the pond sludge by a breaking mechanism, and sucking the broken sludge into the temporary storage tank by a suction pump; b. Solid-liquid separation, using a solid-liquid separator to separate the raw water in the temporary storage tank into solid and liquid, and transporting the separated liquid to the treatment tank; c. Wastewater treatment, physical precipitation, chemical treatment, and biological treatment of the wastewater in the treatment tank; d. Water purification, connecting the first water hole of the planting cup with the flow channel, at this time the second water hole is in a sealed state, and the wastewater treated in the treatment tank is transported to the flow channel at the head end of the floating bed plate, and the wastewater flows through all the planting cups in turn and is discharged; e. Residual water treatment, after the wastewater is cleaned, the second water hole is opened, and the planting cup is connected to the pond. Further, in step S2, the selective culture medium includes heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification culture medium, heterotrophic nitrification culture medium, aerobic denitrification culture medium and screening nitrification culture medium.

Furthermore, coating the concentrated denitrifying bacteria strain comprises the following steps:

In step d, when the wastewater in the treatment pool is transported to the floating bed plate, the first electric air pump inflates the rubber bag; in step e, when the second water flow hole is opened, the second direct-through solenoid valve deflates the rubber bag.

Further, in step e, the second electric air pump inflates the air distribution loop pipe and the air distribution branch pipe.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The present invention improves the breeding environment of the breeding pond through two aspects. First, by cleaning the surface organic matter of the bottom mud of the breeding pond and controlling it from the source, the silt and organic matter accumulated on the bottom of the pond can be effectively removed, thereby reducing the oxygen debt, helping to increase the dissolved oxygen content of the bottom water, promoting the decomposition of organic matter, and reducing the oxygen consumption of the bottom water at night. It can effectively maintain a good pond bottom state and solve the problem of compaction, providing a healthy living environment for fish and shrimp; second, the bottom mud can be separated from the wastewater by a solid-liquid separator, the separated bottom mud can be fermented to make organic fertilizer, and the separated wastewater flows into the treatment pool. Physical, chemical, and biological methods can be used in combination with scientific management measures to efficiently and quickly treat the wastewater. Finally, the wastewater flows into the floating bed plate and flows through all the planting cups in turn. The roots of the aquatic plants in the planting cups can filter, decompose and absorb the pollutants in the water body. Finally, the purified wastewater flows into the pond, realizing efficient and comprehensive purification of water quality.

The present invention uses a multi-stage combined treatment process, which can not only efficiently purify wastewater generated by bottom sludge suction, but also realize the recycling of water resources and the safe disposal of sludge, providing strong support for the sustainable development of pond aquaculture.

The aquaculture pond and ditch aquaculture environment improvement system provided by the present invention includes a mechanical crushing device, a suction pump and a solid-liquid separation device. At the same time, microbial treatment can be combined in the treatment pool to improve the decomposition efficiency of organic matter. This comprehensive treatment method not only optimizes the water quality, but also provides a comprehensive solution for pond bottom environmental protection.

Other advantages, objectives and features of the present application will be described to some extent in the subsequent description, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present application. The objectives and other advantages of the present application can be achieved and obtained through the following specific embodiments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a system for improving the aquaculture pond aquaculture environment of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the floating bed structure of the aquaculture pond aquaculture environment improvement system of the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of part A of FIG2 ;

FIG4 is a front view of a floating bed plate of a system for improving aquaculture pond aquaculture environment according to the present invention;

FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of part B of FIG4 ;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 4;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the planting cup structure of the aquaculture pond aquaculture environment improvement system of the present invention.

Among them, the floating bed plate 1, the fixing seat 2, the planting trough 3, the planting cup 4, the first water flow hole 5, the second water flow hole 6, the flow channel 7, the annular groove 8, the worm gear 9, the worm 10, the transmission chamber 11, the control shaft 12, the sealing block 13, the buoyancy plate 14, the rubber bag 15, the L-shaped support connecting rod 16, the propeller assembly 17, the first electric air pump 18, the air guide tube 19, the first straight-through solenoid valve 20, the second straight-through solenoid valve 21, Air guide branch pipe 22, air duct 23, second electric air pump 24, air distribution loop pipe 25, air distribution branch pipe 26, pull rope 27, anchor block 28, photovoltaic panel 29, drive motor 30, support plate 31, rotating shaft 32, first bevel gear 33, rotating rod 34, second bevel gear 35, crushing head 36, suction pump 37, temporary storage tank 38, solid-liquid separator 39, treatment tank 40, water inlet trough 41, drainage trough 42, drainage hole 43.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following will describe the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention, and thus the drawings only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

A system for improving the breeding environment of a breeding pond, as shown in Figures 1 to 7, includes a floating bed plate 1 with a rectangular structure, a fixed seat 2 is fixedly arranged at the middle position of the top of the floating bed plate 1, and a plurality of planting grooves 3 distributed in a linear array are evenly opened on both sides of the fixed seat 2 of the floating bed plate 1. The planting grooves 3 are cylindrical and pass through the floating bed plate 1. The interior of the floating bed plate 1 is provided with flow channels 7 that connect each planting groove 3 in sequence, and the flow channels 7 at the head end and the tail end both pass through the floating bed plate 1. In this embodiment, the flow channels 7 between two adjacent planting grooves 3 in each row are connected to each other. A flow channel 7 is set between each row of planting grooves 3, and a flow channel 7 is set between the planting grooves 3 at the tail end or the head end of two adjacent rows, so that the overall path of the flow channel 7 is finally in a continuous S shape. A water inlet groove 41 is set on the right side wall of the floating bed plate 1, and the flow channel 7 at the head end penetrates the right side wall of the floating bed plate 1 and is connected with the water inlet groove 41. A drainage groove 42 is set on the left side wall of the floating bed plate 1, and a drainage hole is opened on the bottom wall of the drainage groove 42. The flow channel 7 at the tail end penetrates the left side wall of the floating bed plate 1 and is connected with the drainage groove 42, so as to facilitate the entry and discharge of wastewater.

A planting cup 4 is movably arranged in each planting trough 3. The side wall of the planting cup 4 is provided with a first water flow hole 5 for communicating with the flow channel 7. The bottom of the planting cup 4 is provided with a second water flow hole 6. When the first water flow hole 5 is connected with the flow channel 7, the second water flow hole 6 is in a sealed state. In this embodiment, the bottom end of the planting cup 4 is closed, and aquatic plants can be planted in each planting cup 4. The upper half of the outer wall of the planting cup 4 is provided with an external thread, and the lower half is a smooth section. The smooth section of the planting cup 4 is evenly provided with a number of second water flow holes 6 along the circumference of the planting cup 4. The first water flow hole 5 is located above the second water flow hole 6. Such a structural design can be achieved by moving the planting cup 4 upward until the second water flow hole 6 is aligned with the flow channel 7, that is, the planting cup 4 is connected with the flow channel 7. At this time, the smooth section of the planting cup 4 is just located in the floating bed plate 1, and the inner wall of the floating bed plate 1 fits with the outer wall of the smooth section of the planting cup 4 to seal the second water flow hole 6.

The first water flow hole 5 is located in the upper half of the planting cup 4. The groove wall of each planting groove 3 is provided with an annular groove 8. A worm wheel 9 is rotatably connected in each annular groove 8. The inner ring of the worm wheel 9 is threadedly matched with the outer wall of the planting cup 4. A transmission cavity 11 connected to the annular groove 8 is provided on one side of each planting groove 3 inside the floating bed plate 1. A control shaft 12 is rotatably connected in the floating bed plate 1 through a sealed bearing. The control shaft 12 extends through all the transmission cavities 11 in the same row. The part of the control shaft 12 located in each transmission cavity 11 is coaxially fixed with a worm 10. Each worm wheel 9 is meshed with the worm 10 in the corresponding transmission cavity 11. One end of the control shaft 12 protrudes from the outside of the floating bed plate 1. A buoyancy plate 14 is provided at the bottom end of each row of planting cups 4. The buoyancy plate 14 is respectively fixedly connected to all the planting cups 4 in the same row. In this embodiment, by rotating the control shaft 12, the control shaft 12 drives the worm 10 and the worm wheel 9 to rotate. Under the rotation limiting action of the buoyancy plate 14, the planting cup 4 performs a linear lifting motion in the vertical direction in the planting trough 3. In this embodiment, a knob or a crank can be set at the end of each control shaft 12 protruding from the floating bed plate 1 to facilitate the staff to rotate the control shaft 12, or a rotating motor can be set at the end of each control shaft 12 protruding from the floating bed plate 1, and a waterproof shell is set on the outside of the rotating motor, and the control shaft 12 is driven by the motor to rotate.

An annular sealing block 13 is fixed at the bottom of the floating bed plate 1 at the notch of each planting groove 3. The inner wall of the sealing block 13 fits tightly with the outer wall of the smooth section of the planting cup 4. When the planting cup 4 rises to align the first water flow hole 5 with the flow channel 7, the smooth section of the planting cup 4 is just located in the sealing block 13, and the sealing block 13 seals the second water flow hole 6. In this embodiment, a sealing gasket can also be provided on the inner wall of the sealing block 13 to further increase the sealing effect of the second water flow hole 6.

The improved system provided by the present invention also includes a temporary storage pool 38, a treatment pool 40, a solid-liquid separator 39 and a plurality of submersible pumps arranged on the shore. A crushing mechanism is arranged at the front end of the fixed seat 2, and a suction pump 37 is arranged at the rear end. The crushing mechanism includes a support plate 31 fixed on the fixed seat 2, one end of the support plate 31 extends out of the floating bed plate 1, and a driving motor 30 is fixedly installed at the inner end of the support plate 31 by bolts, and a rotating shaft 32 extending into the water is rotatably installed at the outer end through a bearing, and a crushing head 36 is arranged at the bottom end of the rotating shaft 32, and a first bevel gear 33 is fixedly provided at the top fixed sleeve, and a rotating rod 34 is fixedly provided at the output end of the driving motor 30, and a second bevel gear 35 meshing with the first bevel gear 33 is fixedly provided on the rotating rod 34. This is a common means of crushing bottom mud in the prior art, and no further elaboration is given here. The crushing mechanism is used to crush the 1-5cm organic matter on the surface of the pond sludge, and the suction pump 37 is used to suck the crushed sludge into the temporary storage tank 38. The solid-liquid mixture in the temporary storage tank 38 is sucked into the solid-liquid separator 39 by the submerged pump for solid-liquid separation. In this embodiment, the solid-liquid separator 39 can be any solid-liquid separation equipment that can be directly purchased on the market. This is a common means of solid-liquid separation in the prior art, and no further details are given here. The separated solid can be fermented to produce organic fertilizer, and the separated liquid can be transported to the treatment tank 40. The liquid in the treatment tank 40 can be transported to the flow channel 7 at the head end of the floating bed plate 1 by the submerged pump.

Furthermore, a rubber bag 15, an air filling and deflation device and a propeller assembly 17 are also provided on the floating bed plate 1. An opening is provided at the bottom of the buoyancy plate 14. The rubber bag 15 corresponds to the buoyancy plate 14 one by one and the rubber bag 15 is sealed in the opening at the bottom of the corresponding buoyancy plate 14. A cavity is provided inside the buoyancy plate 14.

The floating bed 1 floats on the surface of the pond, and a plurality of L-shaped supporting connecting rods 16 are arranged along the circumference of the bottom of the floating bed 1. Specifically, two L-shaped supporting connecting rods 16 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the side wall in the length direction of the floating bed 1, and one L-shaped supporting connecting rod 16 is arranged in the middle of the side wall in the width direction of the floating bed 1. There are a total of six L-shaped supporting rods, which cover the buoyancy plate 14, the sealing block 13, and the rubber bag 15 at the bottom of the floating bed 1. The propeller assembly 17 is installed on the L-shaped supporting connecting rod 16 one by one, and the floating bed 1 can be controlled to move on the water through the propeller assembly. This is a common technical means for moving the hull in the prior art, and no further elaboration is given here.

The rubber bag 15 in the deflated state is inflated by the inflation and deflation device to expand and push up the floating bed plate 1 to raise it; the rubber bag 15 in the expanded state is deflated by the inflation and deflation device to shrink and lower the floating bed plate 1.

The inflation and deflation device includes a first electric air pump 18, an air guide pipe 19, a first straight-through solenoid valve 20 and a second straight-through solenoid valve 21; the first electric air pump 18 is fixedly installed on the fixed seat 2, one end of the air guide pipe 19 is connected to the air outlet end of the first electric air pump 18, and the other end is buried in the interior of the floating bed board 1. Specifically, a plurality of air guide branch pipes 22 are arranged on the air guide pipe 19 in correspondence with the rubber bags 15. The air guide branch pipes 22 are hoses. The top ends of the air guide branch pipes 22 extend into the floating bed board 1 and are connected to the air guide pipe 19, and the bottom ends are connected to the internal cavity of the corresponding buoyancy board 14. The first straight-through solenoid valve 20 and the second straight-through solenoid valve 21 are installed in sequence in the air guide pipe 19 along the gas diversion direction through inflation by the first electric air pump 18, and one of the ports of the second straight-through solenoid valve 21 is connected to the air guide pipe 19.

An air channel 23 is provided inside the floating bed plate 1 above each flow channel 7. The air channel 23 is located in the middle of the corresponding flow channel 7. A blowing device is provided on the floating bed plate 1. In this embodiment, there are two blowing devices, and the two blowing devices are used to blow and drain the flow channels 7 on both sides of the fixed seat 2. The blowing device includes a second electric air pump 24, an air distribution loop pipe 25 and an air distribution branch pipe 26. The second electric air pump 24 is fixedly installed on the fixed seat 2. The air distribution loop pipe 25 is a rectangular frame structure and is horizontally buried inside the floating bed plate 1. The air distribution loop pipe 25 is located above the air channel 23 and the transmission cavity 11. One end of the air distribution loop pipe 25 is connected to the air outlet end of the second electric air pump 24. A number of air distribution branch pipes 26 are provided one by one corresponding to the air channels 23. Each air distribution branch pipe 26 is perpendicular to the air distribution loop pipe 25. The top of the air distribution branch pipe 26 is connected to the air distribution loop pipe 25, and the bottom is connected to the corresponding air channel 23. With such a structural design, the second electric air pump 24 inflates the air distribution loop pipe 25 and the air distribution branch pipe 26, and the gas is blown into the flow channel 7 through the air channel 23, so that the waste water remaining in the flow channel 7 can be discharged.

An anchor assembly is provided at the center of the bottom of the floating bed plate 1, and the floating bed plate 1 can be fixed to the water surface by the anchor assembly. In this embodiment, a rope cavity is provided at the center of the bottom of the floating bed plate 1, and a winding shaft and a power motor for driving the winding shaft to rotate are rotatably connected to the cavity wall of the rope cavity. The winding shaft is fixed and wound with a pull rope 27, and the bottom end of the pull rope 27 is fixedly connected to an anchor block 28, which is a common technical means of anchor blocks in the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

In this embodiment, a solar power supply system is also provided on the fixing seat 2, and the solar power supply system includes a photovoltaic panel 29, a controller and a battery; the electric energy required by the rotating motor, the driving motor 30, the power motor, the suction pump 37, the propeller assembly 17, the second electric air pump 24, the first electric air pump 18, the first straight-through solenoid valve 20 and the second straight-through solenoid valve 21 is provided by the battery of the solar power supply system. The solar power supply system is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. When the power supply is insufficient, other power supply methods in the prior art can also be used, which will not be described in detail here.

On the other hand, this embodiment also proposes a method for improving the breeding environment of a breeding pond;

a. Desilting the pond bottom: start the propeller assembly 17 to drive the floating bed plate 1 to move on the water, crush the 1-5 cm organic matter on the surface of the pond sludge through the crushing mechanism, and suck the crushed sludge into the temporary storage pool 38 through the suction pump 37. It should be noted that the suction pump 37 needs to be designed with a specific suction caliber and strength, mainly for the pond bottom sludge and part of the pond water. By reasonably adjusting the suction intensity and selecting the appropriate suction port position, the direct suction risk to fish and shrimp can be minimized. At the same time, some protective measures can be taken in actual operation, such as setting up isolation nets or barriers to temporarily separate the breeding area from the operating area to ensure that fish and shrimp are not mistakenly sucked by the suction pump 37.

b. Solid-liquid separation: The raw water is transported to the solid-liquid separator 39 by a submersible pump for solid-liquid separation. The separated solids are packaged and transported to a designated location for fermentation, and finally made into organic fertilizer for use. The separated liquid is transported to a treatment tank 40.

c. Wastewater treatment: Physical precipitation, chemical treatment, and biological treatment are performed on the wastewater in the treatment tank 40. The implementation methods are as follows:

Physical treatment: Sedimentation, where the organic waste and suspended matter that have not been completely separated are naturally settled in a sedimentation tank; Filtration, where sand filters or bag filters are used to further remove fine suspended particles and impurities to ensure that the water quality is clearer and more transparent;

Chemical treatment: Coagulation reaction, adding coagulants (such as polyaluminium chloride, ferric sulfate, etc.) to the wastewater, stirring to fully mix the coagulants with the soluble organic matter and tiny suspended matter in the water to form large flocs for easy sedimentation and removal; Neutralization adjustment, according to the pH value of the wastewater, appropriately adding acid or alkali for neutralization reaction, and adjusting the pH value of the wastewater to an appropriate range to meet the needs of subsequent biochemical treatment;

Biological treatment: Anaerobic digestion: for high-concentration organic wastewater, the microorganisms in the anaerobic digester decompose organic matter under anaerobic conditions, convert it into energy such as biogas, and reduce the organic content at the same time; Aerobic biological treatment: through biological contact oxidation and other processes, aerobic microorganisms are used to further degrade organic matter under sufficient oxygen supply, effectively reducing chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)

d. Water purification: the floating bed plate 1 is parked on the shore, and the planting cup 4 is moved up to the first water flow hole 5 to be connected with the flow channel 7. At this time, the second water flow hole 6 is in a sealed state. The wastewater treated in the treatment pool 40 is transported to the water inlet trough 41 through a submersible pump. The wastewater flows through all the planting cups 4 in turn, the water quality is purified, and finally discharged through the drainage trough 42.

e. Residual water treatment: After the waste water is cleaned up, the planting cup 4 is lowered until the second water flow hole 6 is opened, and the planting cup 4 is connected to the pond.

In step d, when the wastewater from the treatment pool 40 is transported to the floating bed plate 1, the first electric air pump 18 inflates the rubber bag 15; in step e, when the second water flow hole 6 is opened, the second direct solenoid valve 21 deflates the rubber bag 15. The floating bed plate 1 is allowed to float stably on the water surface. Specifically, when inflating, the first direct solenoid valve 20 is opened and the first electric air pump 18 is started, and the second direct solenoid valve 21 is closed. The rubber bag 15 is inflated and expanded to support the floating bed plate 1 through the first electric air pump 18. Then, the first electric air pump 18 and the first direct solenoid valve 20 are closed. When deflated, the second direct solenoid valve 21 is opened to release the gas in the rubber bag 15. The expanded rubber bag 15 gradually shrinks, thereby causing the floating bed plate 1 to descend and return to its initial state.

In step e, the second electric air pump 24 inflates the air distribution loop pipe 25 and the air distribution branch pipe 26 to drain the waste water remaining in the flow channel 7.

The specific operation steps of the present invention are: in the initial state, the bottom smooth section of the planting cup 4 is located below the ring sealing block 13, and the second water flow hole 6 is connected to the pond. During the day, the crushing mechanism and the suction pump 37 are started, and the floating bed plate 1 is driven to move on the water surface through the propeller assembly 17. The sludge at the bottom of the pond and part of the wastewater are transported to the temporary storage tank 38 through the suction pump 37. At the same time, the solid-liquid separator 39 is started to separate the sucked raw water into solid and liquid. The separated liquid is physically, chemically and biologically treated during the day. At night, the propeller assembly 17 is closed, and the floating bed plate 1 is fixed to the shore through the anchor assembly. The control shaft 12 is rotated to make all the planting cups 4 rise until the first water flow hole 5 is aligned and connected with the flow channel 7. At this time, the smooth section of the planting cup 4 is just located in the sealing block 13, and the inner wall of the sealing block 13 is tightly fitted with the outer wall of the smooth section of the planting cup 4 to seal the second water flow hole 6. After being treated in the treatment pool 40 during the day, the wastewater is continuously transported to the water inlet trough 41. At this time, the overall weight of the floating bed board 1 increases, and the rubber bag 15 is inflated by the first electric air pump 18 to increase the buoyancy of the floating bed board 1, so that the floating bed board 1 remains stable on the water surface. The wastewater flows through all the planting cups 4 in turn through the flow channel 7, and its flow route is S-shaped. The roots of aquatic plants can filter, decompose and absorb the pollutants in the water body, and finally flow into the pond through the drainage trough 42. When the wastewater in the treatment pool 40 is transported, the control shaft 12 is rotated to lower all the planting cups 4, and the second water flow hole 6 is connected to the pond. The wastewater in the planting cup 4 naturally flows into the pond. At the same time, the second straight-through solenoid valve 21 deflates the rubber bag 15 to restore the floating bed board 1 to its initial state. Finally, the second electric air pump 24 is used to discharge the wastewater remaining in the flow channel 7 from both ends of the flow channel 7, so that there is no residual wastewater and the wastewater is fully purified.

The aquaculture pond aquaculture environment improvement system and improvement method provided by the present invention are controlled from the source, without waiting for drainage and silt removal during fallow, and can effectively remove the sludge and organic matter accumulated on the bottom of the pond during aquaculture, thereby reducing the oxygen debt, helping to increase the dissolved oxygen content of the bottom water, promoting the decomposition of organic matter, and reducing the oxygen consumption of the bottom water at night. It can effectively maintain a good pond bottom state and solve the problem of compaction, providing a healthy living environment for fish and shrimp; at the same time, the floating bed plate 1 can operate uninterruptedly during the day and at night, greatly improving the efficiency of aquaculture environment improvement, and at the same time, the improvement effect is good; through a multi-stage combined treatment process, not only can the wastewater generated by bottom sludge suction be efficiently purified, but also the recycling of water resources and the safe disposal of sludge can be realized, achieving an ideal state of coexistence of economy and efficiency, and providing strong support for the sustainable development of pond aquaculture.

The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitution or change made by a person skilled in the art based on the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an aquaculture pond culture environment improvement system, includes floating bed board (1), floating bed board (1) top intermediate position is provided with fixing base (2), floating bed board (1) evenly has seted up a plurality of planting grooves (3) that are linear array and distribute in fixing base (2) both sides, its characterized in that: the novel planting device is characterized in that flow channels (7) which are used for sequentially communicating all planting grooves (3) are arranged in the floating bed plate (1), the flow channels (7) located at the head end and the tail end penetrate through the floating bed plate (1), planting cups (4) are movably arranged in each planting groove (3), first water flowing holes (5) which are used for being communicated with the flow channels (7) are formed in the side walls of the planting cups (4), second water flowing holes (6) are formed in the bottoms of the planting cups (4), and when the first water flowing holes (5) are communicated with the flow channels (7), the second water flowing holes (6) are in a sealing state;

Still including setting up in on-shore temporary storage pond (38), treatment tank (40) and solid-liquid separation machine (39), fixing base (2) one end is provided with broken mechanism, and the other end is provided with suction pump (37), broken mechanism is used for with the broken bed mud of pond, suction pump (37) are used for in sucking broken bed mud to temporary storage pond (38), solid-liquid separation machine (39) are used for carrying out solid-liquid separation with the raw water in temporary storage pond (38) to in carrying the liquid after the separation to treatment tank (40), in the liquid in treatment tank (40) is used for carrying to runner (7) of floating bed board (1) head end.

2. An aquaculture pond aquaculture environment modification system according to claim 1 wherein: the planting cup is characterized in that the bottom end of the planting cup (4) is closed, an outer thread is arranged on the upper half section of the outer wall of the planting cup (4), the lower half section is a smooth section, a plurality of second water flowing holes (6) are formed in the smooth section of the planting cup (4) along the circumferential direction of the planting cup (4), the first water flowing holes (5) are located above the second water flowing holes (6), annular grooves (8) are formed in the groove walls of the planting grooves (3), worm gears (9) are connected in the annular grooves (8) in a rotating mode, and the inner rings of the worm gears (9) are in threaded fit with the outer wall of the planting cup (4).

3. An aquaculture pond aquaculture environment modification system according to claim 2 wherein: the bottom of the floating bed plate (1) is fixed with a sealing block (13) at the notch of each planting groove (3), and the inner wall of the sealing block (13) is tightly attached to the outer wall of the smooth section of the planting cup (4).

4. An aquaculture pond aquaculture environment modification system according to claim 2 wherein: the utility model discloses a planting cup, including floating bed board (1), control board (12), worm wheel (9), control board (14), control board (12), worm (10) are all provided with in the portion that floating bed board (1) is inside in one side of planting groove (3) set up with transmission chamber (11) of ring channel (8) intercommunication, floating bed board (1) rotation is connected with control shaft (12), control shaft (12) run through and extend to in all transmission chambers (11) of same row, control shaft (12) are located the part of every transmission chamber (11) all is provided with worm (10), every worm wheel (9) meshes with worm (10) in corresponding transmission chamber (11), the one end of control shaft (12) is outside floating bed board (1), and every row planting cup (4)'s bottom all is provided with buoyancy board (14), buoyancy board (14) respectively with all planting cups (4) fixed connection of same row.

5. The aquaculture pond aquaculture environment improvement system according to claim 4 wherein: the floating bed plate (1) is also provided with rubber bags (15), air charging and discharging devices and propeller assemblies (17), the bottoms of the floating plates (14) are provided with openings, the rubber bags (15) are in one-to-one correspondence with the floating plates (14), and the rubber bags (15) are encapsulated in the openings corresponding to the bottoms of the floating plates (14);

the bottom of the floating bed plate (1) is provided with a plurality of L-shaped support connecting rods (16) along the circumferential direction of the floating bed plate (1), and the propeller assemblies (17) are correspondingly arranged on the L-shaped support connecting rods (16) one by one;

The inflation and deflation device comprises a first electric inflator pump (18), an air duct (19), a first straight-through electromagnetic valve (20) and a second straight-through electromagnetic valve (21); the first electric inflator pump (18) is arranged on the fixed seat (2), one end of the air duct (19) is in butt joint with the air outlet end of the first electric inflator pump (18), the other end of the air duct is communicated with the inner cavity of the buoyancy plate (14), the first through type electromagnetic valve (20) and the second through type electromagnetic valve (21) are inflated through the first electric inflator pump (18) and are sequentially arranged in the air duct (19) along the air flow guiding direction, and one port of the second through type electromagnetic valve (21) is communicated with the air duct (19).

6. An aquaculture pond aquaculture environment modification system according to claim 1 wherein: the utility model discloses a floating bed board, including floating bed board (1), air flue (23) have all been seted up in the top of every runner (7), be provided with air blowing device on floating bed board (1), air blowing device includes second electronic pump (24), gas distribution ring pipeline (25) and gas distribution branch pipe (26), second electronic pump (24) are installed on fixing base (2), gas distribution ring pipeline (25) are rectangular frame structure and the level buries in floating bed board (1) inside, gas distribution ring pipeline (25) one end is docked with the end of giving vent to anger of second electronic pump (24), gas distribution branch pipe (26) one-to-one air flue (23) are provided with a plurality of, gas distribution branch pipe (26) one end and gas distribution ring pipeline (25) intercommunication, the other end and corresponding air flue (23) intercommunication.

7. An aquaculture pond aquaculture environment modification system according to claim 1 wherein: the center of the bottom of the floating bed plate (1) is provided with a ship anchor assembly.

8. The method for improving the culture environment of the culture pond is characterized by comprising the following steps of: use of the aquaculture pond aquaculture environment improvement system of any one of claims 1-7 comprising the steps of:

a. Dredging the bottom of the pond, crushing the surface layer of the bottom mud of the pond through a crushing mechanism, and sucking the crushed bottom mud into a temporary storage pond (38) through a suction pump (37);

b. solid-liquid separation, namely, solid-liquid separation is carried out on raw water in a temporary storage tank (38) by utilizing a solid-liquid separator (39), and separated liquid is conveyed into a treatment tank (40);

c. wastewater treatment, which is to perform physical precipitation, chemical treatment and biological treatment on wastewater in a treatment tank (40);

d. Purifying water, namely communicating the first water holes (5) of the planting cups (4) with the flow channels (7), wherein the second water holes (6) are in a sealing state, conveying the wastewater treated by the treatment pool (40) into the flow channels (7) at the head end of the floating bed plate (1), and sequentially flowing through all the planting cups (4) and then discharging the wastewater;

e. And (3) treating residual water, opening a second water flowing hole (6) after the wastewater is cleaned, and communicating the planting cup (4) with the pond.

9. The method for improving the culture environment of the culture pond according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step d, when the wastewater of the treatment tank (40) is conveyed into the floating bed plate (1), the rubber bag (15) is inflated by the first electric inflator pump (18);

In step e, when the second water flowing hole (6) is opened, the second through electromagnetic valve (21) deflates the rubber bag (15).

10. The method for improving the culture environment of the culture pond according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step e, the second electric inflator pump (24) inflates the gas distribution ring pipeline (25) and the gas distribution branch pipe (26).