CN118665745B - A land area measurement device based on drone - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a land area measuring device based on an unmanned plane, which relates to the technical field of unmanned plane surveying and mapping and comprises an unmanned plane frame, wherein a measuring instrument main body is arranged in the unmanned plane frame, a positioning instrument is arranged at the middle position of the measuring instrument main body, a measuring lens is arranged on the lower surface of the positioning instrument, a measuring instrument bracket is arranged on the outer wall of the measuring instrument main body, and a drainage sheet is integrally and correspondingly arranged in the arc internal tangent direction of an air guide groove.

Description

A land area measurement device based on drone

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle surveying and mapping, and in particular to a land area measuring device based on unmanned aerial vehicle.

Background Art

The land area measurement device is equipped with high-definition cameras and positioning devices on the main body of the drone, which can obtain a large amount of surveying and mapping data in a short time, and automatically generate maps and boundaries through image processing and data analysis technology, thereby greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of surveying and mapping. And by being mounted on the surface of the drone for surveying and mapping, it can ensure that the device monitors the surface changes and environmental conditions in the area in real time, providing timely and accurate data support for land management and planning.

When the device is carried on a drone to perform high-altitude flight area measurement, the working stability of the measuring instrument body, as a key component, is directly challenged by the complex environmental factors in the air. In particular, when the measuring instrument body is closely attached to the drone for high-speed flight, it not only has to face the airflow disturbance caused by the ground effect, but also has to withstand the strong instability caused by atmospheric turbulence. These unpredictable airflow changes can easily cause the measuring instrument body to vibrate or shake violently. In addition, once the operator adjusts the flight attitude of the drone according to the mission requirements to drive the measuring instrument body to shoot, such as rapid turning or sharp rise and fall, these rapid flight changes will impose huge dynamic loads on the measuring instrument body in a very short time, forcing it to experience significant attitude changes, which in turn causes subtle or significant shaking inside the measuring instrument, causing the image or data obtained by the measuring instrument body to be deformed, blurred or distorted, thereby affecting the measurement accuracy of the land area.

Secondly, when the measuring instrument is used for outdoor area measurement, such as in complex environments such as farmland, dense forests or rugged mountains, the measuring instrument is inevitably exposed to the natural environment. These areas are filled with impurities such as dust, fine sand particles and various plant residues, and the measuring instrument will form a strong relative movement with the surrounding air during flight. This movement will cause complex and changeable airflow phenomena, which will sweep up impurities on the ground and in the air, causing them to directly hit or adhere to the surface of the measuring instrument. Although the wind generated by the drone during flight can carry away some impurities to a certain extent, the size, direction and duration of the wind are difficult to accurately control, so its cleaning effect is often limited, and it is difficult to completely remove all kinds of dirt accumulated on the measuring instrument.

At the same time, when the measuring instrument is measuring, part of the measuring device will be directly exposed to strong sunlight, which will directly cause the temperature of the device surface and internal electronic components to rise sharply. High temperature environment will not only cause the performance degradation of electronic components, but also accelerate their aging process, thereby affecting the stability and accuracy of the measuring instrument. What is more serious is that direct sunlight will also produce a series of optical interference phenomena, such as glare and light spots. These optical phenomena are like invisible obstacles, directly interfering with the optical system of the measuring instrument, resulting in impaired clarity and quality of the captured image, blur, light spots and color distortion in the image.

In view of this, the present invention proposes a land area measurement device based on a drone to make up for and improve the shortcomings of the prior art.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a land area measurement device based on a drone to solve the technical problems raised in the above background technology.

To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a land area measuring device based on a drone, comprising a drone frame, a measuring instrument body is installed inside the drone frame, a locator is installed at the middle position of the measuring instrument body, a measuring lens is installed on the lower surface of the locator, and a measuring instrument bracket is installed on the outer wall of the measuring instrument body;

Also includes:

The balance measuring mechanism is used to maintain the stability of the measuring lens so that it is always used perpendicular to the measuring surface;

The light shielding surrounding mechanism is used to maintain the use environment of the measuring lens to avoid the influence of strong light, scattered light and impurities;

The measurement stabilization mechanism is used to improve the measurement accuracy of the measurement lens when the measurement lens measures an uneven area, in coordination with the flying height of the measuring instrument body;

The measurement stabilization mechanism includes a driving shaft rotatably connected to the inside of the measuring instrument body, a turntable is fixedly connected to the lower end of the driving shaft, the turntable is integrally rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the measuring instrument bracket, a driving groove is uniformly opened on the surface of the turntable, and an adjustment plate is uniformly slidably connected to the inner wall of the driving groove;

The driving shaft is electrically connected to the positioning instrument, arc grooves are evenly penetrated through the upper surface of the measuring instrument bracket, the driving shaft and the measuring instrument bracket are rotationally connected through the arc grooves, and the adjustment plate is an isosceles triangle as a whole.

Furthermore, the balance measuring mechanism includes a cross-combination frame fixedly connected to the inside of the locator, a limit ring is installed on the outer wall of the lower end of the cross-combination frame, the outer wall of the limit ring is evenly rotatably connected with a universal rod, the ends of the universal rods close to each other are rotatably connected with a fixed shaft, the fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the measuring lens, and the outer wall of the fixed shaft is sleeved with a buffer bin.

Furthermore, the cross-combination frame is composed of two semicircular arc rings that are cross-combined, and the two semicircular arc rings in the cross-combination frame are at the crossing position.

Furthermore, the cross assembly frame and the limit ring are rotationally connected at the cross position through a universal ball.

Furthermore, the buffer bin is specifically located at the position of the universal rod corresponding to the outer wall of the fixed shaft, and a non-Newtonian fluid is stored inside the buffer bin. The formula of the non-Newtonian fluid is 30-65 parts by weight of liquid polyvinyl alcohol, 1-5 parts by weight of fiber flocs, 15-25 parts by weight of nano calcium carbonate, 10-15 parts by weight of heavy calcium carbonate, and 5-25 parts by weight of glass fiber. The thickness of the non-Newtonian fluid layer is 1 mm to 5 mm.

Furthermore, the shading surrounding mechanism includes a protective tube fixedly connected to the lower surface of the locator, the outer wall of the protective tube is evenly penetrated with air guide grooves, the inner wall of the protective tube is evenly fixedly connected with drainage plates, and the outer wall of the protective tube is evenly fixedly connected with a reflective plate.

Furthermore, the air guide groove is in an incomplete arc shape as a whole, the guide plates are located in the inscribed direction of the arc of the air guide groove as a whole, and the guide plates are in a rectangular shape as a whole.

Furthermore, the reflective plates are entirely located in the arc-shaped circumferential direction of the air guide slots, and the backs of the reflective plates are coated with a black coating.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The device installs a protective tube around the outside of the measuring lens. This design not only improves the flight stability of the UAV device, but also effectively improves the accuracy and reliability of the measuring lens measurement data. First, the device installs the guide plate as a whole in the direction of the inner tangent of the wind guide groove arc, thereby guiding and changing the form of natural wind flow, changing it into a spiral flow around the measuring lens. The wind force of this flow form is more uniform and can quickly take away impurities on the surface of the instrument, such as dust and sand. This not only helps to keep the measuring lens clean, but also reduces the measurement error caused by the attachment of impurities. Secondly, according to the surrounding installation of the protective tube, it can form a relatively stable protection space, so that the measuring lens can still maintain a relatively stable state when the UAV body undergoes a slight attitude change, which greatly improves the stability of the measuring lens, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the measurement data;

Compared with the prior art method of manually cleaning the outer wall of the measuring lens before and after the device works, the present device, through the cooperation of the simple structure between the guide plate and the air guide groove, makes full use of the aerodynamic principle to change the wind force into a spiral flow mode, thereby ensuring that the wind force can continuously flow around the outside of the measuring lens without dead angles, and achieves the effect of continuous automatic cleaning using spiral wind. This method of guiding and changing the natural wind flow saves labor costs and improves work efficiency without manual intervention. At the same time, since the airflow is inevitable during the flight of the device, the present device can realize real-time and continuous cleaning of the outside of the measuring lens, thereby adapting to the working state of the device in different environments to ensure the real-time and accuracy of the measurement data.

The device sets the guide plate as a rectangular shape as a whole. The rectangular structure provides higher rigidity than other shapes (such as circular or elliptical), which helps to reduce vibration and deformation under the action of high-speed airflow, thereby reducing the eddy current and turbulence of the airflow during continuous flow, thereby reducing the impact of noise on the measuring lens. In addition, the rectangular guide plate can more effectively convert the straight airflow into a uniform spiral airflow according to its own symmetry, thereby ensuring the subsequent cleaning and maintenance steps;

2. This device cleverly solves the problem of direct sunlight on the measuring lens during high-altitude flight by installing the reflector as a whole in the tangential direction of the wind guide groove arc. By utilizing the reflection effect of the reflector, the direct sunlight on the measuring lens is effectively reduced, avoiding the temperature increase of the measuring device caused by long-term sunlight exposure when the device is operating at high altitude, and also reducing the occurrence of glare and light spots, so that the measuring lens can provide more accurate information when measuring the area. In addition, the black coating on the back of the reflector further enhances its light absorption ability. The black coating can effectively absorb part of the light reflected by the reflector, further reducing the interference of sunlight on the measuring device and ensuring the accuracy of the measurement results, so that the device can continue to perform stable and accurate area measurement in a complex and changeable high-altitude environment;

Compared with the prior art, in order to avoid the influence of sunlight on the work of the measuring lens, the staff generally need to plan a reasonable flight route and choose to make the device fly and measure in the early morning or evening. The present device does not need to be in a specific time period or wait for specific lighting conditions for flight measurement, thereby improving the flexibility and efficiency of measurement, and allowing the present device to measure in a wider range of time periods and regions, thereby broadening the scope of measurement. In addition, it is a complex task for the staff to plan a reasonable flight route to avoid direct sunlight. The present device reduces this dependence and effectively reduces the risk of inaccurate measurement due to human error.

In addition, the device installs the guide plate as a whole in the direction of the inner tangent line of the air guide groove arc, and installs the reflector as a whole in the outer tangent line of the air guide groove arc, so that the air guide groove part outside the protective tube is located between the reflector and the guide plate to form an N-shaped channel. Firstly, the formation of the N-shaped channel effectively guides the direction of the airflow, and the relative position of the guide plate and the reflector ensures that the airflow can pass in a more orderly manner to reduce air resistance. Secondly, the N-shaped channel also helps to improve the efficiency of heat exchange and heat dissipation. When the external airflow passes through the N-shaped channel, it can efficiently exchange heat with the hot air inside the protective tube, take away heat, and thus reduce the temperature inside the protective tube.

3. This device realizes a universal rotation connection between the UAV device and the measuring lens through the cooperation between the cross-combination frame and the universal ball. This design ensures that no matter the UAV is affected by airflow factors in the air, such as ground effect, atmospheric turbulence, etc., which causes the body to vibrate or shake, the measuring lens can maintain a vertical measurement state with the ground. In actual operation, the staff often need to quickly change the flight direction or altitude of the UAV. These rapid changes will cause the body to undergo a large attitude change in a short period of time, which will be transmitted to the measuring device and cause it to shake. However, relying on the cross-combination frame of this device, the measuring lens can quickly adapt to these changes and always maintain a vertical state with the ground, which not only improves the accuracy of the measurement, but also greatly reduces the error caused by the staff when adjusting the attitude of the UAV;

The cross-combination frame is composed of two semi-circular rings, and the universal balls are installed at the intersection of the semi-circular rings, so that the two semi-circular rings can rotate freely in multiple directions, and can ensure that the connected parts can quickly adapt to the height or direction changes of the drone to maintain relative stability. This compact design helps to reduce the overall size and weight between the drone and the measuring lens, improve its flight performance and load capacity, and reduce the risk of loose connection or breakage of the measuring lens due to external force or vibration;

The device stores non-Newtonian fluid inside the buffer bin. When the UAV flies normally and smoothly, the universal rod can adjust and move to keep the measuring lens stable under the buffer limit of the non-Newtonian fluid, which helps to ensure that the measuring lens is always in the best measuring state. When the UAV turns or adjusts the flight state, the non-Newtonian fluid inside the buffer bin will be squeezed and hardened by the universal rod. This hardening process can quickly respond to the posture changes of the UAV, and effectively prevent the universal rod from excessive displacement or vibration due to the rapid changes of the UAV device through its special rheological properties. In addition, the viscosity of the non-Newtonian fluid will change with the change of stress, which enables it to adapt to changes in different speeds and forces. During the flight of the UAV, no matter what complex environment and conditions are encountered, the non-Newtonian fluid can provide effective buffering and protection to ensure the smooth progress of the measurement work.

4. This device drives the turntable to rotate accordingly when the flying height of the UAV device increases, thereby driving the adjustment plate to shrink in an orderly manner. The shrinking adjustment plate is located just below the measuring lens. They cooperate with each other to form a gradually shrinking circular hole. This shooting hole plays a role in reducing the aperture of light, thereby significantly increasing the depth of focus. Due to the increase in the depth of focus, even if the flying height of the UAV device increases, the lens can keep the imaging of farther objects relatively clear. This means that when the height of the UAV fluctuates within a certain range during flight, it can rely on the shrinking cooperation of the adjustment plate to improve the capture of clear and accurate ground images, thereby ensuring the reliability of the measurement data. In addition, this design also enhances the adaptability of the UAV device to measure, so that when facing complex and changeable terrain and environment, it can obtain the best shooting effect by coordinating the height of the device with the shrinking movement of the adjustment plate;

Firstly, an isosceles triangle has two equal sides, which makes it highly symmetrical in structure. When the adjusting plate contracts, this symmetry can ensure that the adjusting plate remains balanced during the contraction process and avoids tilting or twisting, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the contraction of the adjusting plate. Secondly, the tips of the isosceles triangle-shaped adjusting plates are fitted together, which helps the adjusting plates to fit together accurately to form a tight connection when contracted. This precise fit reduces gaps and errors, thereby avoiding shooting errors when the upper measuring lens is working.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a front perspective structure of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

FIG3 is a bottom-up perspective structural diagram of the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the measuring instrument body of the present invention;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the balance measurement mechanism of the present invention;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the buffer bin of the present invention;

FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the light-shielding surrounding mechanism of the present invention;

FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a three-dimensional structure of a protective tube according to the present invention;

FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged three-dimensional structure of point A in FIG8 of the present invention;

FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the measurement stabilization mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is an exploded view of the measurement stabilization mechanism of the present invention.

The numbers in the figure are: 1. Measuring instrument body; 11. UAV frame; 12. Positioning instrument; 13. Measuring lens; 14. Measuring instrument bracket; 2. Balance measuring mechanism; 21. Cross combination frame; 22. Universal ball; 23. Limiting ring; 24. Universal rod; 25. Fixed axis; 26. Buffer bin; 3. Shading surround mechanism; 31. Protective tube; 32. Wind guide groove; 33. Drainage plate; 34. Reflector; 4. Measurement stabilization mechanism; 41. Drive shaft; 42. Arc groove; 43. Turntable; 44. Drive groove; 45. Adjustment plate.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention;

Embodiments of the present invention

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , a land area measuring device based on a drone includes a drone frame 11, a measuring instrument body 1 is installed inside the drone frame 11, a locator 12 is installed at the middle of the measuring instrument body 1, a measuring lens 13 is installed on the lower surface of the locator 12, and a measuring instrument bracket 14 is installed on the outer wall of the measuring instrument body 1;

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the balance measuring mechanism 2 includes a cross assembly frame 21 fixedly connected to the inside of the measuring instrument body 1, a limit ring 23 is installed on the outer wall of the lower end of the cross assembly frame 21, and the outer wall of the limit ring 23 is evenly rotatably connected to a universal rod 24, and one end of the universal rod 24 close to each other is rotatably connected to a fixed shaft 25, and the fixed shaft 25 is fixedly connected to the measuring lens 13, and the outer wall of the fixed shaft 25 is sleeved with a buffer bin 26. The cross assembly frame 21 is composed of two semicircular arc rings cross-assembled, and the two semicircular arc rings in the cross assembly frame 21 are cross-assembled. At the fork position, the cross assembly frame 21 and the cross position of the limit ring 23 are both rotatably connected through the universal ball 22, and the buffer bin 26 is specifically located at the position of the universal rod 24 corresponding to the outer wall of the fixed shaft 25, and the buffer bin 26 stores a non-Newtonian fluid inside. The formula of the non-Newtonian fluid is 30-65 parts by weight of liquid polyvinyl alcohol, 1-5 parts by weight of fiber flocs, 15-25 parts by weight of nano calcium carbonate, 10-15 parts by weight of heavy calcium carbonate, and 5-25 parts by weight of glass fiber. The thickness of the non-Newtonian fluid layer is 1 mm to 5 mm;

Specifically, through the cooperation between the cross assembly frame 21 and the universal ball 22, a universal rotation connection is achieved between the UAV device and the measuring lens 13. This design ensures that no matter the UAV is affected by airflow factors in the air, such as ground effect, atmospheric turbulence, etc., causing the body to vibrate or shake, the measuring lens 13 can maintain a vertical measurement state with the ground;

Please refer to Figures 7 to 9, the shading surrounding mechanism 3 includes a protective tube 31 fixedly connected to the lower surface of the positioning instrument 12, the outer wall of the protective tube 31 is uniformly penetrated with an air guide groove 32, the inner wall of the protective tube 31 is uniformly fixedly connected with a guide plate 33, the outer wall of the protective tube 31 is uniformly fixedly connected with a reflector 34, the air guide groove 32 is in an incomplete arc shape as a whole, the guide plates 33 are all located in the inward direction of the arc of the air guide groove 32, and the guide plates 33 are in a rectangular shape as a whole, the reflector 34 is all located in the outward direction of the arc of the air guide groove 32, and the back of the reflector 34 is coated with a black coating;

Specifically, the device installs the guide plate 33 as a whole in the direction of the arc inner tangent of the wind guide groove 32, thereby guiding and changing the flow of natural wind into a spiral flow around the measuring lens 13. The wind force of this flow form is more uniform and can quickly take away impurities on the surface of the instrument, such as dust, sand, etc.;

Please refer to Figures 10 and 11. The measuring stabilizing mechanism 4 includes a driving shaft 41 rotatably connected to the inside of the measuring instrument body 1. The lower end of the driving shaft 41 is fixedly connected to a turntable 43. The turntable 43 is integrally rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the measuring instrument bracket 14. The surface of the turntable 43 is uniformly penetrated with a driving groove 44. The inner wall of the driving groove 44 is uniformly slidably connected with an adjustment plate 45. The driving shaft 41 is electrically connected to the positioning instrument 12. The upper surface of the measuring instrument bracket 14 is uniformly penetrated with an arc groove 42. The driving shaft 41 and the measuring instrument bracket 14 are rotatably connected through the arc groove 42, and the adjustment plate 45 is an isosceles triangle as a whole.

Specifically, the retracted adjustment plate 45 is located just below the measuring lens 13, and they cooperate with each other to form a gradually shrinking circular hole-shaped shooting hole, which plays a role in reducing the aperture of light and thus significantly increasing the depth of focus. Due to the increase in the depth of focus, even if the flying altitude of the UAV device increases, the lens can keep the imaging of farther objects relatively clear;

The following are the complete usage steps and working principles of the above embodiment:

The balancing measuring mechanism 2 is used to maintain the stability of the measuring lens 13 so that it is always perpendicular to the measuring surface.

When the measuring instrument body 1 is affected by airflow factors in the air, such as ground effect, atmospheric turbulence, etc., or in actual operation, the staff needs to quickly change the flight direction or altitude of the measuring instrument body 1, the above factors will cause the body to vibrate or shake in a large posture in a short time. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, since the cross-combination frame 21 is composed of two semi-circular arc rings, and the intersection of the two semi-circular arc rings in the cross-combination frame 21, and the intersection of the cross-combination frame 21 and the limit ring 23 are rotatably connected through the universal ball 22, when the above situation occurs, the posture of the measuring instrument body 1 When changes occur, firstly, the two semicircular arc rings in the cross assembly frame 21 can rotate freely in multiple directions, and can ensure that the connected parts can quickly adapt to the changes in the height or direction of the drone and maintain relative stability. Secondly, since the uniformly distributed universal rods 24 are connected to the measuring lens 13 in a multi-directional form through the fixed shaft 25, no matter what form of posture changes occur in the measuring instrument body 1, the measuring lens 13 as a whole can reduce the contact external force between itself and the measuring instrument body 1 through this compact and multi-directional movable design, and at the same time reduce the risk of loose connection or breakage of the measuring lens 13 due to external force or vibration;

As shown in FIG6 , since the buffer chamber 26 is specifically located at the position of the universal rod 24 on the outer wall of the fixed shaft 25, and non-Newtonian fluid is stored inside the buffer chamber 26, when the measuring instrument body 1 is turned or the flight state is adjusted, the non-Newtonian fluid inside the buffer chamber 26 will be squeezed and hardened by the universal rod 24. This hardening process can quickly respond to the attitude change of the drone, and effectively prevent the universal rod 24 from excessive displacement or vibration due to the rapid change of the measuring instrument body 1 through its special rheological properties;

The light shielding surrounding mechanism 3 is used to maintain the use environment of the measuring lens 13 and avoid the influence of strong light, scattered light and impurities when used:

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 , since the protective tube 31 is installed on the outside of the measuring lens 13 in an overall surrounding manner, and the air guide groove 32 is in an incomplete arc shape as a whole, when the measuring instrument body 1 is in high-altitude operation as a whole, the airflow blowing toward the measuring lens 13 will flow along the inner wall of the curved arc-shaped guide plate 33, and since the guide plates 33, which are in a rectangular shape as a whole, are all located in the arc-shaped inward direction of the air guide groove 32, the airflow along the inner wall of the air guide groove 32 will continue to flow along the surface of the guide plate 33, so that the airflow encounters the outer wall of the guide plate 33 when it is blown out from the air guide groove 32, thereby changing the flow direction of the airflow. At this time, the guide plate 33 acts like a guide, which changes the airflow from the original straight-line flow to the curved flow along the outer wall of the guide plate 33, and then further guides the airflow to form a spiral wind flow, which will evenly surround and distribute at various parts of the outer wall of the measuring lens 13, and blow away the impurities adsorbed and remaining on the outer wall of the measuring lens 13;

As shown in FIG8 and FIG9, since the reflective plate 34 is entirely located in the arc-shaped circumferential direction of the air guide slot 32, when the measuring instrument body 1 performs high-altitude flight operations, the direct irradiation of the sun's rays to the measuring lens 13 can be reduced by utilizing the reflective effect of the reflective plate 34, thereby avoiding the temperature rise of the measuring lens 13 due to long-term irradiation of the sun's rays, thereby causing measurement errors. In addition, the back of the reflective plate 34 is coated with a black coating, and the black coating coated on the back of the reflective plate 34 can effectively absorb a portion of the light reflected by the reflective plate 34, thereby further enhancing its light absorption capacity;

When the measuring lens 13 measures an uneven area, the measuring stabilizing mechanism 4 is used to improve the measuring accuracy of the measuring lens 13 in coordination with the flying height of the measuring instrument body 1:

As shown in Figures 10 and 11, since the drive shaft 41 is electrically connected to the locator 12, when the measuring instrument body 1 faces complex terrain such as forests or mountains and the flying altitude continues to increase, the locator 12 will automatically control the drive shaft 41 to rotate along the inner wall of the arc groove 42 on the surface of the measuring instrument bracket 14. Since the drive shaft 41 is fixedly connected to the turntable 43, the turntable 43 rotates synchronously with the above-mentioned drive shaft 41, thereby driving the adjustment plate 45 inside the drive groove 44 to keep it contracting. Since the adjustment plate 45 is located directly below the measuring lens 13 as a whole, when the above-mentioned measuring instrument body 1 continues to rise, the adjustment plates 45 will cooperate with each other to form a gradually shrinking circular hole-shaped shooting hole. This shooting hole plays a role in reducing the light aperture and thus significantly increasing the depth of focus. Due to the increase in the depth of focus, even if the flying altitude of the measuring instrument body 1 increases, the measuring lens 13 can keep the imaging of farther objects relatively clear.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. Land area measuring device based on unmanned aerial vehicle, including unmanned aerial vehicle frame (11), its characterized in that: the intelligent measuring instrument comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle frame (11), wherein a measuring instrument main body (1) is arranged in the unmanned aerial vehicle frame, a positioning instrument (12) is arranged at the middle position of the measuring instrument main body (1), a measuring lens (13) is arranged on the lower surface of the positioning instrument (12), and a measuring instrument bracket (14) is arranged on the outer wall of the measuring instrument main body (1);

Further comprises:

The balance measuring mechanism (2) is used for maintaining the use stability of the measuring lens (13) and enabling the measuring lens to be always used perpendicular to a measuring surface;

the shading surrounding mechanism (3) is used for maintaining the use environment of the measuring lens (13) and avoiding the influence of strong light astigmatism and impurities;

the measuring stabilizing mechanism (4) is used for improving the measuring precision of the measuring lens (13) by matching with the flying height of the measuring instrument main body (1) when the measuring lens (13) measures the uneven area;

The measuring and stabilizing mechanism (4) comprises a driving shaft (41) which is rotationally connected to the inside of the measuring instrument main body (1), a rotary table (43) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the driving shaft (41), the rotary table (43) is integrally rotationally connected to the inner side wall of the measuring instrument bracket (14), a driving groove (44) is uniformly formed in the surface of the rotary table (43) in a penetrating mode, and an adjusting plate (45) is uniformly and slidably connected to the inner wall of the driving groove (44);

The driving shaft (41) is electrically connected with the positioning instrument (12), an arc groove (42) is uniformly formed in the upper surface of the measuring instrument support (14) in a penetrating mode, the driving shaft (41) is rotatably connected with the measuring instrument support (14) through the arc groove (42), and the whole adjusting plate (45) is in an isosceles triangle shape.

2. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based land area measurement device of claim 1, wherein: balance measurement mechanism (2) are including fixed connection in inside cross combination frame (21) of locater (12), spacing ring (23) are installed to the lower extreme outer wall of cross combination frame (21), the outer wall of spacing ring (23) evenly rotates and is connected with universal pole (24), the one end that universal pole (24) are close to each other rotates and is connected with fixed axle (25), fixed axle (25) are fixed connection with measuring lens (13), buffer bin (26) have been cup jointed to the outer wall of fixed axle (25).

3. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based land area measuring device according to claim 2, wherein: the cross combined frame (21) is formed by combining two semicircular rings in a cross mode, and the two semicircular rings in the cross combined frame (21) are at the crossing positions.

4. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based land area measuring device according to claim 2, wherein: the crossing positions of the crossing combination frame (21) and the limiting rings (23) are rotationally connected through universal balls (22).

5. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based land area measuring device according to claim 2, wherein: the buffering bin (26) is specifically located at the position, corresponding to the universal rod (24), of the outer wall of the fixed shaft (25), non-Newtonian fluid is stored in the buffering bin (26), and the non-Newtonian fluid is prepared from 30-65 parts by weight of liquid polyvinyl alcohol, 1-5 parts by weight of fiber floccules, 15-25 parts by weight of nano calcium carbonate, 10-15 parts by weight of heavy calcium carbonate and 5-25 parts by weight of glass brazing filler metal, and the thickness of the non-Newtonian fluid layer is 1-5 mm.

6. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based land area measurement device of claim 1, wherein: the shading surrounds mechanism (3) and includes a protection section of thick bamboo (31) of fixed connection in positioner (12) lower surface, wind guiding groove (32) have evenly been seted up in the outer wall of protection section of thick bamboo (31), the even fixedly connected with drainage piece (33) of inside wall of protection section of thick bamboo (31), the even fixedly connected with reflector panel (34) of the lateral wall of protection section of thick bamboo (31).

7. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based land area measurement device of claim 6, wherein: the air guide groove (32) is wholly in an incomplete arc shape, the whole drainage pieces (33) are all positioned in the arc inscription direction of the air guide groove (32), and the whole drainage pieces (33) are in a rectangular shape.

8. The unmanned aerial vehicle-based land area measurement device of claim 6, wherein: the whole reflector (34) is located in the arc-shaped circumscribed direction of the air guide groove (32), and the back of the reflector (34) is coated with a black coating.