CN118634296A - 一种可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物 - Google Patents
一种可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物。所述组合物包括如下组分:黄精、葛根、玉竹、桑叶、覆盆子、益智仁、桃仁、橘皮、炒麦芽、沙棘。全方既可调整机体之气阴两虚,又可降低碳水化合物所致的升糖作用,对糖尿病具有标本兼治、整体调节的优势。覆盆子、橘皮、炒麦芽、沙棘组分可协同增效,进一步增强药效。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药技术领域,具体涉及一种可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物。
背景技术
糖尿病是一组由多种病因引起的以高血糖为主要特征的代谢性疾病。
目前,治疗糖尿病的主要措施是运动、西药、饮食、防治知识及病情监测,但即使在几方面治疗同时进行的情况下,也仍然存在部分患者血糖控制不佳的情况,每年约有5-10%的糖尿病前期患者进展为糖尿病。因此,延缓淀粉消化、减弱餐后血糖波动,不仅可以辅助治疗糖尿病,还可以预防糖尿病的发生。
中医药对糖尿病的治疗历史悠久,具有标本兼治、整体调节的优势,不仅能降低血糖,还能调理改善身体状态。针对血糖控制不佳及糖尿病前期人群,能充分发挥其“注重养生,未病先防”的优势。药食同源理论来源于中医药传统文化,其品种本质上为可食用中药材,因兼具药食两用性,多以食补、药膳等形式应用于医疗保健,尤其针对糖尿病这种慢性病,兼具调控与“扶正”作用,且安全性高,适合长期服用。
中医认为糖尿病属于“消渴病”范畴。古代经典医书及众多现代学者认为,该病的发病与禀赋不足、五脏柔弱、情志失调、饮食不节、劳欲过度、外感邪气等相关。以上诸因素均可耗伤人体津液,导致脏腑受损,正气渐虚,阴津损耗严重,阴虚则内热自生,最终伤阴;另外,津能载气,气能布津,阴津损伤日久,则正气耗脱,气虚则推动无力,阴虚则内热生,最终导致气阴两虚,治宜益气养阴,生津止渴。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物。
一种可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物,包括如下组分:黄精、葛根、玉竹、桑叶、覆盆子、益智仁、桃仁、橘皮、炒麦芽、沙棘。
优选的,包括如下重量份数的组分:黄精5-8份、葛根5-8份、玉竹5-8份、桑叶3-5份、覆盆子2-6份、益智仁2-6份、桃仁2-6份、橘皮2-6份、炒麦芽3-5份、沙棘3-5份。
更优选的,包括如下重量份数的组分:黄精6份、葛根6份、玉竹6份、桑叶4份、覆盆子4份、益智仁4份、桃仁4份、橘皮4份、炒麦芽4份、沙棘4份。
将所述原料药用水煎煮提取后,制成口服液。
将所述原料药碎成细粉,混合制成散剂。
将所述原料药碎成细粉,装胶囊制成胶囊剂。
将所述原料药粉碎成细粉,压片制成片剂。
将所述原料药用水煎煮提取后,浓缩提取液制成颗粒,制成颗粒剂。
将所述原料药用水煎煮提取后,浓缩提取液制成颗粒,装胶囊制成胶囊剂。
将所述原料药用水煎煮提取后,浓缩提取液制成颗粒,压片制成片剂。
一种食品,包含所述药食同源组合物或其提取物;所述食品为液体饮料、固体饮料、拌饭酱、压片糖果或者软糖。
本发明的有益效果:本发明的组方由黄精、葛根、玉竹、桑叶、覆盆子、益智仁、桃仁、橘皮、炒麦芽、沙棘10味药配伍组方而成,方中君药黄精补气养阴、健脾、润肺、益肾,葛根生津止渴,玉竹养阴润燥、生津止渴;臣药桑叶清肺润燥、清肝明目,覆盆子益肾固精、养肝明目,益智仁暖肾固精缩尿、温脾止泻摄唾,可以增强君药补气养阴之功,还可补肾养肝温脾;佐药桃仁活血祛瘀、润肠通便,橘皮理气健脾、燥湿化痰,炒麦芽行气消食、健脾开胃,沙棘健脾消食、止咳祛痰、活血散瘀,可增强补气行气之功,亦可活血健脾以行气。全方既可调整机体之气阴两虚,又可降低碳水化合物所致的升糖作用,对糖尿病的防控具有标本兼治、整体调节的优势。其中覆盆子、橘皮、炒麦芽、沙棘组分之间具有协同增效,增强药效作用。
附图说明
图1为药食同源组方对淀粉致ICR小鼠血糖升高的影响;数据以Mean±SD表示,与淀粉组相比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01。
图2为药食同源组方对淀粉致ICR小鼠2h血糖应答曲线下增量面积的影响;数据以Mean±SD表示,与淀粉组相比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01。
图3为受试者试食试验流程图。
图4为健康成人食用白米和药食同源组方的餐后血糖应答曲线。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明,下面将对本发明进行更全面的描述。但是,本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现,并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地,提供这些实施例的目的是使对本发明公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
实施例1
一种可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物,包括如下重量份数的组分:黄精6份、葛根6份、玉竹6份、桑叶4份、覆盆子4份、益智仁4份、桃仁4份、橘皮4份、炒麦芽4份、沙棘4份。
所有药材均购自北京同仁堂大栅栏药店,待煎药物先行浸泡,浸泡时间60分钟,煎煮开始时的用水量为浸过药面4厘米。煎煮两次,药物第一煎时,将药物煮沸后再煎煮30分钟;药剂第二煎的煎煮时间为20分钟,煎药过程中要搅拌药料3次。将两煎药汁混匀,再用旋转蒸发仪将药物浓度进行定量浓缩。
实施例2
一种可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物,包括如下重量份数的组分:黄精5份、葛根5份、玉竹5份、桑叶3份、覆盆子2份、益智仁2份、桃仁2份、橘皮2份、炒麦芽3份、沙棘3份。
所有药材均购自北京同仁堂大栅栏药店,待煎药物先行浸泡,浸泡时间60分钟,煎煮开始时的用水量为浸过药面4厘米。煎煮两次,药物第一煎时,将药物煮沸后再煎煮30分钟;药剂第二煎的煎煮时间为20分钟,煎药过程中要搅拌药料3次。将两煎药汁混匀,再用旋转蒸发仪将药物浓度进行定量浓缩。
实施例3
一种可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物,包括如下重量份数的组分:黄精8份、葛根8份、玉竹8份、桑叶5份、覆盆子6份、益智仁6份、桃仁6份、橘皮6份、炒麦芽5份、沙棘5份。
所有药材均购自北京同仁堂大栅栏药店,待煎药物先行浸泡,浸泡时间60分钟,煎煮开始时的用水量为浸过药面4厘米。煎煮两次,药物第一煎时,将药物煮沸后再煎煮30分钟;药剂第二煎的煎煮时间为20分钟,煎药过程中要搅拌药料3次。将两煎药汁混匀,再用旋转蒸发仪将药物浓度进行定量浓缩。
对比例1
一种可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物,包括如下重量份数的组分:黄精6份、葛根6份、玉竹6份、桑叶4份、覆盆子8份、益智仁4份、桃仁4份、炒麦芽4份、沙棘4份。
所有药材均购自北京同仁堂大栅栏药店,待煎药物先行浸泡,浸泡时间60分钟,煎煮开始时的用水量为浸过药面4厘米。煎煮两次,药物第一煎时,将药物煮沸后再煎煮30分钟;药剂第二煎的煎煮时间为20分钟,煎药过程中要搅拌药料3次。将两煎药汁混匀,再用旋转蒸发仪将药物浓度进行定量浓缩。
对比例2
一种可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物,包括如下重量份数的组分:黄精6份、葛根6份、玉竹6份、桑叶4份、益智仁4份、桃仁4份、橘皮8份、炒麦芽4份、沙棘4份。
所有药材均购自北京同仁堂大栅栏药店,待煎药物先行浸泡,浸泡时间60分钟,煎煮开始时的用水量为浸过药面4厘米。煎煮两次,药物第一煎时,将药物煮沸后再煎煮30分钟;药剂第二煎的煎煮时间为20分钟,煎药过程中要搅拌药料3次。将两煎药汁混匀,再用旋转蒸发仪将药物浓度进行定量浓缩。
对比例3
一种可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物,包括如下重量份数的组分:黄精6份、葛根6份、玉竹6份、桑叶4份、覆盆子4份、益智仁4份、桃仁4份、橘皮4份、炒麦芽8份。
所有药材均购自北京同仁堂大栅栏药店,待煎药物先行浸泡,浸泡时间60分钟,煎煮开始时的用水量为浸过药面4厘米。煎煮两次,药物第一煎时,将药物煮沸后再煎煮30分钟;药剂第二煎的煎煮时间为20分钟,煎药过程中要搅拌药料3次。将两煎药汁混匀,再用旋转蒸发仪将药物浓度进行定量浓缩。
对比例4
一种可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物,包括如下重量份数的组分:黄精6份、葛根6份、玉竹6份、桑叶4份、覆盆子4份、益智仁4份、桃仁4份、橘皮4份、沙棘8份。
所有药材均购自北京同仁堂大栅栏药店,待煎药物先行浸泡,浸泡时间60分钟,煎煮开始时的用水量为浸过药面4厘米。煎煮两次,药物第一煎时,将药物煮沸后再煎煮30分钟;药剂第二煎的煎煮时间为20分钟,煎药过程中要搅拌药料3次。将两煎药汁混匀,再用旋转蒸发仪将药物浓度进行定量浓缩。
实验例1:组方网络药理学方解
1.药食同源组方的作用靶点-有效成分网络分析
采用网络药理学对组方中药-有效成分-有效靶点进行联合分析,观察组方中药的有效成分、作用靶点的在组方整体功效中发挥的作用。本发明药食同源组方的作用靶点-有效成分网络中Degree值前20名的有效成分在表1中列出具体名称和中药来源。在网络中Degree值排名前10名的作用靶点为:PTGS2、NCOA2、PTGS1、HSP90、PGR、PPARG、ESR1、PIK3CG、AR、GABRA1。可以看到每味中药都含有多种成分,且每个成分大都不仅来源于一味中药,说明组方配伍中的中药充分发挥相互协同、相互补充的作用,通过多成分多靶点发挥联合作用来对糖尿病进行防控。
表1药食同源组方中Degree值最高的20个化学成分
2.药食同源组方作用于糖尿病的核心靶点分析
将筛选的药食同源组方和糖尿病的靶点采用STRING数据库分析,并用Cytoscape呈像,可观察到组方的作用靶点PPI网络有276个靶点通过6769个相互关系连接,糖尿病的作用靶点PPI网络有1211个靶点通过13492个相互关系连接。将两个PPI网络进行Merge后,会形成由150个作用靶点通过1372个相互关系连接的作用网络,采用Degree值的2倍中位数,即为degree>88进行筛选,筛选出药食同源组方作用于糖尿病的核心靶点,其中排名前10的分别为:IL6、IL1B、AKT1、TP53、JUN、TNF、MMP9、CASP3、EGFR、IL10。
3.药食同源组方的KEGG、GO功能富集分析
采用Cluego对药食同源组方的作用靶点进行KEGG功能富集分析,可得到组方作用靶点-通路网络,包括作用靶点30个,通路74个,其中Term P value值排名前10的通路分别为癌症通路(Pathways in cancer)、糖尿病并发症的AGE-RAGE信号通路(AGE-RAGEsignaling pathway in diabetic complications)、脂质和动脉粥样硬化(Lipid andatherosclerosis)、IL-17信号通路(IL-17signalingpathway)、流体剪切应力和动脉粥样硬化(Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis)、肿瘤坏死因子信号通路(TNFsignaling pathway)、胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance)等。
通过网络药理学分析,得到药食同源组方的作用靶点共计276个;通过OMIM、Genemap、Genecard等数据库筛选糖尿病的作用靶点共计1701个;将组方的作用靶点和糖尿病的作用靶点进行拟合,共得到148个重复基因。通过Metascape数据库将上述148个潜在靶点进行GO和KEGG分析。
药食同源组方作用靶点的KEGG通路富集分析以P<0.05为筛选条件,富集得到的主要信号通路有脂质和动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病并发症的AGE-RAGE信号通路、HIF-1信号通路、胰岛素抵抗、糖尿病心肌病、生长激素的合成、分泌和作用、NF-kappaВ信号通路、AMPK信号通路,这些信号通路均与糖尿病相关。说明该组方可以通过多种途径发挥对糖尿病的治疗作用。
以P<0.05为筛选条件得到药食同源组方作用靶点的GO分析,在生物过程(biology process,BP)方面,组方的活性成分主要参与对激素的反应、细胞对脂质的反应、对营养水平的反应、对氧化应激的反应、对细胞迁移的正调节、对氧化水平的反应、对细胞因子刺激的反应、对异性生物质刺激的反应、程序性细胞死亡的正调控、对细胞分化的负调控、对小分子代谢过程的调控、细胞对有机环化合物的反应、腺体发育、磷代谢过程的正调控、对炎症反应的调控、对类固醇激素的反应、对外源性非生物体的细胞反应、对乙醇的反应、对MAPK级联反应的调控、对脂质定位的调控。在分子功能(molecular function,MF)方面,组方活性成分主要与转录因子结合、蛋白二聚化活性、蛋白激酶结合、核受体活性、激酶调节活性、细胞因子活性、氧化还原酶活性、泛素样蛋白连接酶结合、蛋白酶结合、蛋白激酶活性、抗氧化活性、血红素结合、磷酸酶结合、蛋白异二聚化活性、羧酸结合、丝氨酸水解酶活性、胆固醇转移活性、整合素结合、MAP激酶活性等功能相关。在细胞组分(cellularcomponent,CC)方面,药食同源组方活性成分主要包括细胞膜囊泡、膜侧、囊腔、受体复合物、内质网腔、转录调控复合体等。
实验例2:
实验动物:选用8周龄ICR小鼠,SPF级,雌性,24±2g,购买于斯贝福(北京)生物技术有限公司(许可证号SCXK(京)2021-0014),实验动物质量合格证编号110324231104682227、110324231104682112。饲养于北京市理化分析测试中心动物房,温度24±2℃,湿度45-55%,12h明暗交替,自由饮用无菌水。所有动物相关程序均按照北京市理化分析测试中心保护与使用委员会的规定进行,并遵守“实验动物的护理和使用指南”。北京市理化分析测试中心实验动物使用许可证号:SYXK(京)2021-0014。
实验试剂:食用淀粉(河北古福食品有限公司);阿卡波糖(拜耳医药保健有限公司);血糖仪(罗氏);血糖试纸(罗氏)。淀粉配置:称取淀粉10g,加水100mL,充分溶解后,100℃水浴,糊化30min。
动物实验方法:采用雌性SPF级的8周龄ICR小鼠60只,按照体重随机分为6组:分别为空白对照组、淀粉组、阿卡波糖组(50mg/kg)、组方(实施例1制备的药食同源组合物煎液)高剂量组(11.67g/kg)、组方中剂量组(5.83g/kg)、组方低剂量组(2.92g/kg)。每组10只小鼠,空白对照组和淀粉组给予无菌水,各组方组给予相应组方,给药6天,给药剂量为20mL/kg,每天一次。每天进行小鼠的一般状态观察。
给药第7天,进行指标检测。实验前,小鼠禁食不禁水12h,给药前测定极限空腹血糖作为餐后0min血糖。空白对照组、淀粉组、阿卡波糖组、各组方组小鼠口服灌胃20mL/kg·bw的相应水/组方溶液30min后,用淀粉溶液进行灌胃1.5g/kg·bw。用血糖仪测定小鼠淀粉灌胃后15min、30min、45min、60min、90min、120min、180min后的尾静脉血糖,并计算血糖曲线下面积。
数据统计:运用spss 23.0进行数据统计分析,结果用Mean±SD表示。组内数据符合正态分布,多组样本均数比较采用单因素方差分析(ANOVA)检验,方差齐者用LSD检验,方差不齐者用Dunnett’s T3检验,P<0.05为统计学上有显著性差异。
给药期间每天进行小鼠一般状态观察,空白组及各给药组小鼠均未发现明显异常。在小鼠淀粉灌胃后进行血糖检测。如图1所示,空白组血糖值在检测的15-120min内保持比较稳定的状态,在180min时血糖值降低,可能与小鼠禁食时间太久有关。与空白组相比,模型组的血糖值在给淀粉后15min出现极其显著性的升高(P<0.01),然后逐渐回落,至120min时,模型组与空白组血糖值基本持平。与模型组相比,阿卡波糖组的血糖在给淀粉15min、30min、45min表现出显著性降低(P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.01);组方低剂量组在给淀粉15min、30min、45min后,能显著抑制淀粉所致的血糖升高作用(P<0.05,P<0.05,P<0.05);组方中剂量组在给淀粉15min、30min、45min后,可显著降低碳水化合物所引发的升糖作用(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.05);组方高剂量组在给淀粉15min、30min后,可显著降低碳水化合物所引发的升糖作用(P<0.05,P<0.05)。
继续对实施例1-3及对比例1-2制备的药食同源组合物煎液开展相同的动物实验,其中实施例1采用中剂量(5.83g/kg)给药,用血糖仪测定小鼠淀粉灌胃30min后的尾静脉血糖,测定结果见表1:
表1药食同源组合物对淀粉致小鼠血糖升高的影响
注:*代表与实施例1组比较P<0.05。
将实施例1高、中、低给药的各组小鼠淀粉灌胃的2h血糖应答曲线下增量面积(incremental area under the curve,iAUC)进行比较。如图2所示,与空白组相比,淀粉组的iAUC显著增加(P<0.01)。与淀粉组相比,阿卡波糖的iAUC显著降低(P<0.01);组方中剂量可以显著抑制淀粉所升高的iAUC(P<0.05)。说明实施例1组方对淀粉所致的ICR小鼠血糖升高有非常好的抑制作用。
继续对实施例1-3及对比例3-4制备的药食同源组合物煎液进行测定,采用实施例1中剂量(5.83g/kg)给药,用血糖仪测定小鼠淀粉灌胃后2h内的尾静脉血糖值,计算2h的血糖应答曲线下面积,测定结果见表2:
表2药食同源组合物对小鼠血糖应答iAUC的影响
注:*代表与实施例1组比较P<0.05。
实验例3:药食同源组方对健康人群血糖应答的研究
研究对象:2024年3月,在北京市海淀区招募满足纳入排除标准的受试者12名,通过食用白米,以及白米+不同剂量的中药组方煎液,引发餐后血糖增幅的不同,绘制餐后血糖应答曲线,探究中药组方对餐后血糖的控制效果。
受试者纳入标准:
(1)健康成人,年龄18-50周岁,性别不限;
(2)身体质量指数(BMI):18.5kg/m2≤BMI<24kg/m2;
(2)对试验食物成分无过敏或不耐受史;
(4)近3个月内未服用任何影响葡萄糖代谢的药物。
受试者排除标准:
(1)已知糖尿病史或使用降糖药物或胰岛素治疗糖尿病及相关病症;
(2)有糖尿病或肥胖家族史;
(3)目前正在服用某种药物或接受某种治疗;
(4)对试验食物成分过敏或不耐受者;
(5)近3个月内未服用任何影响葡萄糖代谢的药物。
共纳入12名健康受试者,其中男性6人,女性6人,平均年龄为33.17±7.35岁,平均身高为168.25±10.89cm,平均体重为65.75±16.02kg。
受试物:
(1)受试物的准备:白米为同一批次的市售产品。通过测定受试物的营养素含量,以及可利用碳水化合物含量,计算受试者需要摄入的受试物的量(见表3)。在单独的食品准备区,于室温下,由研究者于测试当天清晨按照统一方法配置葡萄糖、中药组方、白米(可利用碳水化合物均为25g)。
人群实验中的中药组方均为组方的水煎液,其中中药组方1组、2组(实施例1制备)的摄入量为动物实验中按参数换算出的组方低剂量、组方中剂量。
(2)食物蒸煮方法:以1:1.25的比例将白米与清水混合,蒸煮40min。
(3)随餐饮料:使用烧杯量取所需体积的温水倒入事先准备的杯子中,使用保鲜膜密封后待用。其中白米+组方1组随餐引用的组方煎液饮用量为50mL,所以随餐温水减为200mL,白米+组方2组随餐引用的组方煎液饮用量为100mL,所以随餐温水减为150mL。
表3受试物的营养成分表(g/100g)
血糖动态监测:利用动态葡萄糖监测系统(硅基动感动态血糖仪)监测组织液葡萄糖的含量,监测间隔为5min。
试食试验安排:实验前一天通知受试者控制高蛋白、脂肪和膳食纤维食物的摄入,实验前禁食12h并避免剧烈运动,禁烟、禁酒。测试当日清晨受试者静坐至少10min后开始进食。在动态葡萄糖监测系统记数的时间点(精确到min),使受试者开始进食第一口受试物,由项目负责人员在现场进行监督,确保受试者在5min之内进食完全部受试物,并且在食用后2h内不得进食或进行剧烈的体力活动。其中中药组方需要在食用白米之前饮用。具体试食安排见图3。
GI的计算:采用几何法计算每位受试者的血糖应答曲线下增量面积(incrementalarea under the curve,iAUC),个体的GI值=受试物餐后iAUC/葡萄糖餐后iAUC×100%,食物的GI值为个体GI值的均值。
采用SPSS23.0软件进行统计分析,计量资料以均数±标准差(mean±SD)表示,计数资料以频数(n)及百分比(%)表示。两组间计量资料的比较采用两样本t检验(资料符合正态分布),或非参数秩和检验(资料不符合正态分布)。两组间分类资料的比较采用x2检验。食用白米、白米+中药组方等受试物的血糖波动趋势的比较采用方差分析,各时间点餐后血糖值比较采用多变量方差分析。P<0.05认为差异有统计学意义。
在食用白米(可利用碳水化合物25g)的基础上,本发明探讨中药组方的降糖功效,白米+中药组方1的可利用碳水化合物量为25g,白米+中药组方2的可利用碳水化合物总量为25g,其中中药组方1和中药组方2均为中药组方(实施例1制备),组方煎液的浓度一致,组方2的服用剂量是组方1的2倍。其服用量按参数换算到小鼠,为组方1为组方低剂量,组方2为组方中剂量。
受试者在进餐前,食用白米、白米+中药组方1、白米+中药组方2的空腹血糖浓度无显著差异(P=0.087),分别为5.22±0.52mmol/L、5.54±0.73mmol/L和4.99±0.31mmol/L,随着时间推移,餐后不同时间点的血糖浓度先上升后下降;在该组餐后血糖应答曲线中,白米曲线的波动幅度最大,白米+中药组方1的波动幅度次之,白米+中药组方2的波动幅度最小。
进餐第0min、45min、60min、90min、120min时,食用白米、白米+中药组方1和白米+中药组方2时,不同食物对血糖浓度的影响无统计学意义(P>0.05)。进餐第15min、第30min,食用白米、白米+中药组方1和白米+中药组方1时,三组对血糖浓度的影响间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
进一步两两比较发现,在进餐第0min,白米+中药组方1组的血糖浓度为5.54±0.73mmol/L,白米+中药组方2组的血糖浓度为4.99±0.31mmol/L,白米+中药组方1组与白米+中药组方2组的血糖浓度的影响差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在进餐第15min,白米+中药组方1组的血糖浓度为5.58±0.39mmol/L,白米+中药组方2组的血糖浓度为5.08±0.35mmol/L,白米+中药组方1组与白米+中药组方2的血糖浓度的影响差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在进餐第30min,白米组的血糖浓度为6.62±0.82mmol/L,白米+中药组方2组的血糖浓度为5.79±0.57mmol/L,白米组与白米+中药组方2的血糖浓度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在进餐第45min,白米组的血糖浓度为7.38±1.19mmol/L,白米+中药组方2组的血糖浓度为6.34±0.71mmol/L,白米组与白米+中药组方2的血糖浓度的影响差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)(图4,表4)。
餐后120min iAUC与食物GI测定:由表5可知,在食用葡萄糖、白米、白米+中药组方1与白米+中药组方2组的餐后120min血糖应答曲线下增量面积差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。通过受试者的血糖应答反应计算发现,白米的GI值为80.8。与白米GI值相比,中药组方1和中药组方2降低了食用白米后的餐后血糖应答反应(表5)。
表4药食同源组方对食用白米餐后血糖的影响(mmol/L)
表5不同受试物的血糖应答曲线下增量面积(iAUC)的比较
本发明通过健康人群验证药食同源组方可以降低碳水化合物诱导的血糖升高。将白米、药食同源组方进行营养成分检测,将碳水化合物含量设为定量指标,每次进食碳水化合物25g。观察到健康人群食用提供碳水化合物25g的白米,餐后血糖显著升高;白米和药食同源组方中剂量同时服用(共提供可利用碳水25g),将白米和药食同源组方低剂量同时服用(共提供可利用碳水25g),均可显著降低白米诱导的餐后血糖升高。降低餐后120min血糖应答曲线。而且,经计算可知,白米的GI值为80.8,药食同源组方低剂量可以将白米的GI值降为65.72,药食同源组方中剂量可以将白米的GI值降为66.64,可明显提高白米的质量。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (9)
1.一种可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物,其特征在于,包括如下组分:黄精、葛根、玉竹、桑叶、覆盆子、益智仁、桃仁、橘皮、炒麦芽、沙棘。
2.根据权利要求1所述可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物,其特征在于,包括如下重量份数的组分:黄精5-8份、葛根5-8份、玉竹5-8份、桑叶3-5份、覆盆子2-6份、益智仁2-6份、桃仁2-6份、橘皮2-6份、炒麦芽3-5份、沙棘3-5份。
3.根据权利要求2所述可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物,其特征在于,包括如下重量份数的组分:黄精6份、葛根6份、玉竹6份、桑叶4份、覆盆子4份、益智仁4份、桃仁4份、橘皮4份、炒麦芽4份、沙棘4份。
4.根据权利要求1所述可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物,其特征在于,将权利要求1所述原料药用水煎煮提取后,制成口服液。
5.根据权利要求1所述可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物,其特征在于,将权利要求1所述原料药碎成细粉,混合制成散剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物,其特征在于,将权利要求1所述原料药碎成细粉,装胶囊制成胶囊剂。
7.根据权利要求1所述可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物,其特征在于,将权利要求1所述原料药粉碎成细粉,压片制成片剂。
8.根据权利要求1所述可以降低碳水化合物升糖作用的药食同源组合物,其特征在于,将权利要求1所述原料药用水煎煮提取后,浓缩提取液制成颗粒,制成颗粒剂;或者,将权利要求1所述原料药用水煎煮提取后,浓缩提取液制成颗粒,装胶囊制成胶囊剂;或者,将权利要求1所述原料药用水煎煮提取后,浓缩提取液制成颗粒,压片制成片剂。
9.一种食品,其特征在于,包含权利要求1所述药食同源组合物或其提取物;所述食品为液体饮料、固体饮料、拌饭酱、压片糖果或者软糖。
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