CN118632158A - A frequency division composite microphone sound pickup system and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及麦克风技术领域，且公开了一种分频复合式的麦克风拾音系统，包括复合式麦克风、扩音器以及扬声器，其特征在于：复合式麦克风内部设置有动圈麦克风设备与电容麦克风设备，且动圈麦克风设备与电容麦克风设备均能单独拾取声音信号，本发明将动圈麦克风和电容麦克风相互靠近固定于复合式麦克风内部，工作时，两个麦克风各自独立拾取声音信号，两路信号经混合电路按不同的比例混合后组成一路复合信号作为输出，复合信号同时具有动圈麦克风的频响和电容麦克风的频响，虽然动圈麦克风的频响较窄，但电容麦克风的信号的响宽远高于动圈麦克风的频响宽，从而对动圈麦克风缺失的信号进行补充，即复合信号的频响比任意单一麦克风的频响要宽。
The invention relates to the field of microphone technology, and discloses a frequency-dividing composite microphone pickup system, comprising a composite microphone, an amplifier and a loudspeaker, and is characterized in that a dynamic microphone device and a condenser microphone device are arranged inside the composite microphone, and both the dynamic microphone device and the condenser microphone device can pick up sound signals independently. The invention fixes the dynamic microphone and the condenser microphone close to each other inside the composite microphone, and when working, the two microphones pick up sound signals independently, and the two signals are mixed in different proportions by a mixing circuit to form a composite signal as an output, and the composite signal has both the frequency response of the dynamic microphone and the frequency response of the condenser microphone. Although the frequency response of the dynamic microphone is narrow, the signal response width of the condenser microphone is much higher than that of the dynamic microphone, thereby supplementing the missing signal of the dynamic microphone, that is, the frequency response of the composite signal is wider than the frequency response of any single microphone.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及麦克风技术领域，具体为一种分频复合式的麦克风拾音系统及方法。The present invention relates to the technical field of microphones, and in particular to a frequency-division composite microphone sound pickup system and method.
背景技术Background Art
话筒，也称麦克风或传声器，用于声音的拾取，是将声音的震动转变成电信号的换能装置，根据工作原理分成不同的种类，有动圈式，电容式，驻极体电容式，和随着微电子技术发展而出现的MEMS麦克风；Microphone, also called microphone or microphone, is used to pick up sound. It is a transducer that converts sound vibration into electrical signals. It is divided into different types according to the working principle, including dynamic type, condenser type, electret condenser type, and MEMS microphone that appeared with the development of microelectronics technology;
麦克风的频率响应是指在一定频率范围内的灵敏度，频率响应体现出麦克风捕获不同频率信号的能力。频率响应越平坦，表明麦克风对不同频率的声音一视同仁，保留了所有细节，使得记录的声音更真实，而无论是哪种类型的麦克风，想要做到在整个声音频带都平直响应是非常困难的，因此，本发明提出一种分频复合式的麦克风拾音系统及方法；The frequency response of a microphone refers to its sensitivity within a certain frequency range. The frequency response reflects the microphone's ability to capture signals of different frequencies. The flatter the frequency response, the more the microphone treats sounds of different frequencies equally, retaining all the details and making the recorded sound more realistic. Regardless of the type of microphone, it is very difficult to achieve a flat response across the entire sound band. Therefore, the present invention proposes a frequency-dividing composite microphone pickup system and method.
发明内容Summary of the invention
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种分频复合式的麦克风拾音系统及方法，解决了上述背景技术中提出的问题。In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a frequency-dividing composite microphone sound pickup system and method, which solves the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.
为解决上述技术问题，根据本发明的一个方面，更具体的说是一种分频复合式的麦克风拾音系统，复合式麦克风、扩音器以及扬声器，其特征在于：复合式麦克风内部设置有动圈麦克风设备与电容麦克风设备，且动圈麦克风设备与电容麦克风设备均能单独拾取声音信号；To solve the above technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, more specifically, a frequency-dividing composite microphone pickup system, a composite microphone, an amplifier and a speaker, characterized in that: a dynamic microphone device and a condenser microphone device are arranged inside the composite microphone, and the dynamic microphone device and the condenser microphone device can pick up sound signals separately;
所述动圈麦克风设备与电容麦克风设备拾取声音信号之后，经混合电路按不同的比例混合声音信号后，形成混合声音信号，若混合声音信号有噪音，则通过滤波器对混合声音信号过滤后传输至扩音器，若混合声音信号无噪音，则直接将混合声音信号传输扩音器；After the dynamic microphone device and the condenser microphone device pick up the sound signal, the sound signal is mixed in different proportions by the mixing circuit to form a mixed sound signal. If the mixed sound signal has noise, the mixed sound signal is filtered by the filter and then transmitted to the loudspeaker. If the mixed sound signal has no noise, the mixed sound signal is directly transmitted to the loudspeaker.
扩音器：通过扩音器的放大器部分，增加声音信号的强度，并且，利用扩音器对声音信号进行进一步处理，通过均衡器调整音频信号的频率平衡，以使声音更加清晰、平衡和适宜；Loudspeaker: The amplifier part of the loudspeaker increases the strength of the sound signal, and the loudspeaker is used to further process the sound signal, and the equalizer adjusts the frequency balance of the audio signal to make the sound clearer, more balanced and more appropriate;
扬声器：将扩音器传输的声音信号放大，以此放大声音信号的响度，以满足各种场合的音量需求。Speaker: Amplifies the sound signal transmitted by the loudspeaker, thereby amplifying the loudness of the sound signal to meet the volume requirements of various occasions.
更进一步的，所述复合式麦克风内部设置的动圈麦克风设备与电容麦克风设备相互靠近固定，且动圈麦克风设备与电容麦克风设备的拾音设备高度处于统一水平线。Furthermore, the dynamic microphone device and the condenser microphone device arranged inside the composite microphone are fixed close to each other, and the sound pickup device heights of the dynamic microphone device and the condenser microphone device are on the same horizontal line.
更进一步的，所述动圈麦克风设备拾取声音信号过程中，声音信号的计算公式为：Furthermore, when the dynamic microphone device picks up a sound signal, the calculation formula of the sound signal is:
Vg＝[(B*C*S)-(I*r)]-[(B*C*S0)-(I0*r)]V g =[(B*C*S)-(I*r)]-[(B*C*S 0 )-(I 0 *r)]
式中，Vg为动圈麦克风拾取声音信号的电压值；B为动圈麦克风内部磁通密度，单位为特斯拉；C为动圈麦克风内部导体的长度，单位为米；S为音圈在磁场中的运动速度；S0为音圈在磁场中的初速运动速度，I为动圈麦克风内部产生的电流；I0为动圈麦克风内部初始的电流；r为动圈麦克风中的电流内阻，利用获取的电压值不断变化得出相应的声音信号；In the formula, Vg is the voltage value of the sound signal picked up by the dynamic microphone; B is the magnetic flux density inside the dynamic microphone, in Tesla; C is the length of the conductor inside the dynamic microphone, in meters; S is the movement speed of the voice coil in the magnetic field; S0 is the initial movement speed of the voice coil in the magnetic field, I is the current generated inside the dynamic microphone; I0 is the initial current inside the dynamic microphone; r is the current internal resistance in the dynamic microphone, and the corresponding sound signal is obtained by continuously changing the obtained voltage value;
所述电容麦克风设备拾取声音信号过程中，声音信号的计算公式为：When the condenser microphone device picks up a sound signal, the calculation formula of the sound signal is:
式中，Vd为电容麦克风拾取声音信号电压值；Q为电容麦克风中的固定电荷；θ为介电常数，取值为8.85×10-12F/m；A为电容麦克风振动膜与背板之间的重叠面积；D为电容麦克风振动膜与背板之间的距离；D0为电容麦克风振动膜与背板之间的初始距离，利用获取的电压值不断变化得出相应的声音信号；In the formula, Vd is the voltage value of the sound signal picked up by the condenser microphone; Q is the fixed charge in the condenser microphone; θ is the dielectric constant, which is 8.85× 10-12 F/m; A is the overlapping area between the condenser microphone vibration membrane and the back plate; D is the distance between the condenser microphone vibration membrane and the back plate; D0 is the initial distance between the condenser microphone vibration membrane and the back plate, and the corresponding sound signal is obtained by continuously changing the obtained voltage value;
在动圈麦克风设备与电容麦克风设备拾取的声音信号混合之后，将混合声音信号放大，以便后期处理：After the sound signals picked up by the dynamic microphone device and the condenser microphone device are mixed, the mixed sound signal is amplified for post-processing:
Vout＝GV0 V out = GV 0
式中，Vout为放大后的声音信号；G为放大器的增益；V0为麦克风拾取的原始声音信号。In the formula, V out is the amplified sound signal; G is the gain of the amplifier; V 0 is the original sound signal picked up by the microphone.
更进一步的，所述混合声音信号的声压级以及判断混合声音信号是否为噪音的计算公式为：Furthermore, the calculation formula for the sound pressure level of the mixed sound signal and determining whether the mixed sound signal is noise is:
式中，SPL为混合声音信号的声压级，单位为分贝；P为混合声音信号的升压有效值，即声音的物理强度；P0为参考值，取值为20uPa。Where SPL is the sound pressure level of the mixed sound signal, in decibels; P is the boost effective value of the mixed sound signal, that is, the physical intensity of the sound; P0 is the reference value, which is 20uPa.
更进一步的，所述傅里叶变换的计算公式为：Furthermore, the calculation formula of the Fourier transform is:
式中，Vu为声音信号变换的频域信号；Vx为长度为N的声音信号；u为频率索引，取值范围为0，1，2，...，N-1；为指复数函数；Wherein, Vu is the frequency domain signal transformed from the sound signal; Vx is the sound signal with a length of N; u is the frequency index, and its value range is 0, 1, 2, ..., N-1; is a complex function;
所述傅里叶逆变换的计算公式为：The calculation formula of the inverse Fourier transform is:
式中，Vx为频域信号转变的声音信号。Where Vx is the sound signal transformed from the frequency domain signal.
更进一步的，所述声音信号混合中，包含线性混合、加权混合以及频率混合方式，根据所需选取任意一种方式进行声音信号混合；Furthermore, the sound signal mixing includes linear mixing, weighted mixing and frequency mixing, and any one of the methods is selected to mix the sound signals as required;
线性混合：将两个或多个声音信号的波形直接相加或相减，再进行适当的音量调整；Linear mixing: directly add or subtract the waveforms of two or more sound signals, and then make appropriate volume adjustments;
加权混合：对每个声音信号赋予不同的权重，以便更好地控制各个声音在混合结果中的贡献量；Weighted mixing: assign different weights to each sound signal to better control the contribution of each sound in the mixed result;
频率混合：基于频率来混合声音信号，将声音信号分解成不同的频率成分，再分别调整每个成分，最后再组合在一起。Frequency mixing: Mixing sound signals based on frequency, decomposing the sound signals into different frequency components, adjusting each component separately, and finally combining them together.
更进一步的，所述滤波器分为低通滤波器、高通滤波器、带通滤波器以及带阻滤波器，根据场所选取适应的滤波器；Furthermore, the filter is divided into a low-pass filter, a high-pass filter, a band-pass filter and a band-stop filter, and an appropriate filter is selected according to the location;
低通滤波器：使低于截止频率的频率通过，将高于截止频率的频率截止或衰减，适用于噪音较低的混合声音信号；Low-pass filter: allows frequencies below the cutoff frequency to pass, and cuts off or attenuates frequencies above the cutoff frequency. It is suitable for mixed sound signals with low noise.
高通滤波器：使高于截止频率的频率通过，将低于截止频率的频率截止或衰减；适用于噪音较高的混合声音信号；High-pass filter: allows frequencies above the cutoff frequency to pass, and cuts off or attenuates frequencies below the cutoff frequency; suitable for mixed sound signals with high noise;
带通滤波器：使位于中心频率的一定频带范围内的信号通过，并将其他频率的信号截止或衰减，适用于从声音信号中分离出某一特定频率成分的应用领域；Bandpass filter: allows signals within a certain frequency band of the center frequency to pass through, and cuts off or attenuates signals of other frequencies. It is suitable for applications where a specific frequency component can be separated from a sound signal.
带阻滤波器：截止位于一定频率段上的信号，并将其他频率信号通过，适用于抑制干扰噪声方面。Band-stop filter: cuts off signals within a certain frequency band and passes other frequency signals. It is suitable for suppressing interference noise.
一种分频复合式的麦克风拾音系统的使用方法，包括以下步骤：A method for using a frequency-division composite microphone pickup system comprises the following steps:
S1、复合式麦克风拾音：通过内部设置的动圈麦克风设备与电容麦克风设备拾取声音信号，再经混合电路按不同的比例混合声音信号后，形成混合声音信号；S1. Composite microphone pickup: The sound signal is picked up by the internal dynamic microphone device and the condenser microphone device, and then the sound signal is mixed in different proportions by the mixing circuit to form a mixed sound signal;
S2、混合声音信号处理S2. Mixed sound signal processing
S2.1、有噪音：通过傅里叶变换将声音信号变换为特定频率范围的噪声，再利用滤波器对其进行滤波处理，并在滤波器工作完成后，通过傅里叶逆变换将频域信号变换为声音信号，并将声音信号传输至扩音器；S2.1, Noise: The sound signal is transformed into noise in a specific frequency range through Fourier transform, and then filtered by a filter. After the filter is completed, the frequency domain signal is transformed into a sound signal through inverse Fourier transform, and the sound signal is transmitted to the loudspeaker;
S2.2、无噪音：直接将混合声音信号传输扩音器。S2.2, Noise-free: Directly transmit the mixed sound signal to the loudspeaker.
S3、扩音器增幅：通过扩音器的放大器部分，增加声音信号的强度，并且，利用扩音器对声音信号进行进一步处理，通过均衡器调整音频信号的频率平衡，以使声音更加清晰、平衡和适宜；S3. Loudspeaker amplification: The strength of the sound signal is increased through the amplifier part of the loudspeaker, and the sound signal is further processed by the loudspeaker, and the frequency balance of the audio signal is adjusted through the equalizer to make the sound clearer, more balanced and more appropriate;
S4、扬声器输出：将扩音器传输的声音信号放大，以此放大声音信号的响度，以满足各种场合的音量需求。S4, speaker output: amplify the sound signal transmitted by the loudspeaker, thereby amplifying the loudness of the sound signal to meet the volume requirements of various occasions.
本发明一种分频复合式的麦克风拾音系统的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the frequency division composite microphone pickup system of the present invention are:
本发明将动圈麦克风和电容麦克风相互靠近固定于复合式麦克风内部，工作时，两个麦克风各自独立拾取声音信号，两路信号经混合电路按不同的比例混合后组成一路复合信号作为输出，复合信号同时具有动圈麦克风的频响和电容麦克风的频响，虽然动圈麦克风的频响较窄，但电容麦克风的信号的响宽远高于动圈麦克风的频响宽，从而对动圈麦克风缺失的信号进行补充，即复合信号的频响比任意单一麦克风的频响要宽，从而实现频响拓展的功能。The present invention fixes a dynamic microphone and a condenser microphone close to each other inside a composite microphone. When working, the two microphones pick up sound signals independently. The two signals are mixed in different proportions by a mixing circuit to form a composite signal as an output. The composite signal has both the frequency response of the dynamic microphone and the frequency response of the condenser microphone. Although the frequency response of the dynamic microphone is narrow, the response width of the signal of the condenser microphone is much higher than that of the dynamic microphone, thereby supplementing the missing signal of the dynamic microphone, that is, the frequency response of the composite signal is wider than the frequency response of any single microphone, thereby realizing the function of frequency response expansion.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
下面结合附图和具体实施方法对本发明做进一步详细的说明。The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.
图1为本发明的结构示意图。FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.
如图1所示，根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种分频复合式的麦克风拾音系统，包括复合式麦克风、扩音器以及扬声器，其特征在于：复合式麦克风内部设置有动圈麦克风设备与电容麦克风设备，且动圈麦克风设备与电容麦克风设备均能单独拾取声音信号；As shown in FIG1 , according to one aspect of the present invention, a frequency-dividing composite microphone pickup system is provided, comprising a composite microphone, a loudspeaker and a speaker, characterized in that: a dynamic microphone device and a condenser microphone device are arranged inside the composite microphone, and the dynamic microphone device and the condenser microphone device can pick up sound signals separately;
所述动圈麦克风设备与电容麦克风设备拾取声音信号之后，经混合电路按不同的比例混合声音信号后，形成混合声音信号，若混合声音信号有噪音，则通过滤波器对混合声音信号过滤后传输至扩音器，若混合声音信号无噪音，则直接将混合声音信号传输扩音器；After the dynamic microphone device and the condenser microphone device pick up the sound signal, the sound signal is mixed in different proportions by the mixing circuit to form a mixed sound signal. If the mixed sound signal has noise, the mixed sound signal is filtered by the filter and then transmitted to the loudspeaker. If the mixed sound signal has no noise, the mixed sound signal is directly transmitted to the loudspeaker.
扩音器：通过扩音器的放大器部分，增加声音信号的强度，并且，利用扩音器对声音信号进行进一步处理，通过均衡器调整音频信号的频率平衡，以使声音更加清晰、平衡和适宜；Loudspeaker: The amplifier part of the loudspeaker increases the strength of the sound signal, and the loudspeaker is used to further process the sound signal, and the equalizer adjusts the frequency balance of the audio signal to make the sound clearer, more balanced and more appropriate;
扬声器：将扩音器传输的声音信号放大，以此放大声音信号的响度，以满足各种场合的音量需求。Speaker: Amplifies the sound signal transmitted by the loudspeaker, thereby amplifying the loudness of the sound signal to meet the volume requirements of various occasions.
在本实施例中，所述复合式麦克风内部设置的动圈麦克风设备与电容麦克风设备相互靠近固定，且动圈麦克风设备与电容麦克风设备的拾音设备高度处于统一水平线。In this embodiment, the dynamic microphone device and the condenser microphone device disposed inside the composite microphone are fixed close to each other, and the sound pickup device heights of the dynamic microphone device and the condenser microphone device are on the same horizontal line.
在本实施例中，所述动圈麦克风设备拾取声音信号过程中，声音信号的计算公式为：In this embodiment, during the process of the dynamic microphone device picking up the sound signal, the calculation formula of the sound signal is:
Vg＝[(B*C*s)-(I*r)]-[(B*C*S0)-(I0*r)]V g =[(B*C*s)-(I*r)]-[(B*C*S 0 )-(I 0 *r)]
式中，Vg为动圈麦克风拾取声音信号的电压值；B为动圈麦克风内部磁通密度，单位为特斯拉；C为动圈麦克风内部导体的长度，单位为米；S为音圈在磁场中的运动速度；S0为音圈在磁场中的初速运动速度，I为动圈麦克风内部产生的电流；I0为动圈麦克风内部初始的电流；r为动圈麦克风中的电流内阻，利用获取的电压值不断变化得出相应的声音信号；In the formula, Vg is the voltage value of the sound signal picked up by the dynamic microphone; B is the magnetic flux density inside the dynamic microphone, in Tesla; C is the length of the conductor inside the dynamic microphone, in meters; S is the movement speed of the voice coil in the magnetic field; S0 is the initial movement speed of the voice coil in the magnetic field, I is the current generated inside the dynamic microphone; I0 is the initial current inside the dynamic microphone; r is the current internal resistance in the dynamic microphone, and the corresponding sound signal is obtained by continuously changing the obtained voltage value;
所述电容麦克风设备拾取声音信号过程中，声音信号的计算公式为：When the condenser microphone device picks up a sound signal, the calculation formula of the sound signal is:
式中，Vd为电容麦克风拾取声音信号的电压值；Q为电容麦克风中的固定电荷；θ为介电常数，取值为8.85×10-12F/m；A为电容麦克风振动膜与背板之间的重叠面积；D为电容麦克风振动膜与背板之间的距离；D0为电容麦克风振动膜与背板之间的初始距离，利用获取的电压值不断变化得出相应的声音信号；In the formula, Vd is the voltage value of the sound signal picked up by the condenser microphone; Q is the fixed charge in the condenser microphone; θ is the dielectric constant, which is 8.85× 10-12 F/m; A is the overlapping area between the condenser microphone vibration membrane and the back plate; D is the distance between the condenser microphone vibration membrane and the back plate; D0 is the initial distance between the condenser microphone vibration membrane and the back plate, and the corresponding sound signal is obtained by continuously changing the obtained voltage value;
在动圈麦克风设备与电容麦克风设备拾取的声音信号混合之后，将混合声音信号放大，以便后期处理：After the sound signals picked up by the dynamic microphone device and the condenser microphone device are mixed, the mixed sound signal is amplified for post-processing:
Vout＝GV0 V out = GV 0
式中，Vout为放大后的声音信号；G为放大器的增益；V0为麦克风拾取的原始声音信号。In the formula, V out is the amplified sound signal; G is the gain of the amplifier; V 0 is the original sound signal picked up by the microphone.
在本实施例中，所述混合声音信号的声压级以及判断混合声音信号是否为噪音的计算公式为：In this embodiment, the calculation formula for the sound pressure level of the mixed sound signal and determining whether the mixed sound signal is noise is:
式中，SPL为混合声音信号的声压级，单位为分贝；P为混合声音信号的升压有效值，即声音的物理强度；P0为参考值，取值为20uPa。Where SPL is the sound pressure level of the mixed sound signal, in decibels; P is the boost effective value of the mixed sound signal, that is, the physical intensity of the sound; P0 is the reference value, which is 20uPa.
在本实施例中，所述傅里叶变换的计算公式为：In this embodiment, the calculation formula of the Fourier transform is:
式中，Vu为声音信号变换的频域信号；Vx为长度为N的声音信号；u为频率索引，取值范围为0，1，2，...，N-1；为指复数函数；Wherein, Vu is the frequency domain signal transformed from the sound signal; Vx is the sound signal with a length of N; u is the frequency index, and its value range is 0, 1, 2, ..., N-1; is a complex function;
所述傅里叶逆变换的计算公式为：The calculation formula of the inverse Fourier transform is:
式中，Vx为频域信号转变的声音信号。Where Vx is the sound signal transformed from the frequency domain signal.
在本实施例中，所述声音信号混合中，包含线性混合、加权混合以及频率混合方式，根据所需选取任意一种方式进行声音信号混合；In this embodiment, the sound signal mixing includes linear mixing, weighted mixing and frequency mixing, and any one of the methods is selected to mix the sound signals as required;
线性混合：将两个或多个声音信号的波形直接相加或相减，再进行适当的音量调整；Linear mixing: directly add or subtract the waveforms of two or more sound signals, and then make appropriate volume adjustments;
加权混合：对每个声音信号赋予不同的权重，以便更好地控制各个声音在混合结果中的贡献量；Weighted mixing: assign different weights to each sound signal to better control the contribution of each sound in the mixed result;
频率混合：基于频率来混合声音信号，将声音信号分解成不同的频率成分，再分别调整每个成分，最后再组合在一起。Frequency mixing: Mixing sound signals based on frequency, decomposing the sound signals into different frequency components, adjusting each component separately, and finally combining them together.
在本实施例中，：所述滤波器分为低通滤波器、高通滤波器、带通滤波器以及带阻滤波器，根据场所选取适应的滤波器；In this embodiment, the filter is divided into a low-pass filter, a high-pass filter, a band-pass filter and a band-stop filter, and an appropriate filter is selected according to the location;
低通滤波器：使低于截止频率的频率通过，将高于截止频率的频率截止或衰减，适用于噪音较低的混合声音信号；Low-pass filter: allows frequencies below the cutoff frequency to pass, and cuts off or attenuates frequencies above the cutoff frequency. It is suitable for mixed sound signals with low noise.
高通滤波器：使高于截止频率的频率通过，将低于截止频率的频率截止或衰减；适用于噪音较高的混合声音信号；High-pass filter: allows frequencies above the cutoff frequency to pass, and cuts off or attenuates frequencies below the cutoff frequency; suitable for mixed sound signals with high noise;
带通滤波器：使位于中心频率的一定频带范围内的信号通过，并将其他频率的信号截止或衰减，适用于从声音信号中分离出某一特定频率成分的应用领域；Bandpass filter: allows signals within a certain frequency band of the center frequency to pass through, and cuts off or attenuates signals of other frequencies. It is suitable for applications where a specific frequency component can be separated from a sound signal.
带阻滤波器：截止位于一定频率段上的信号，并将其他频率信号通过，适用于抑制干扰噪声方面。Band-stop filter: cuts off signals within a certain frequency band and passes other frequency signals. It is suitable for suppressing interference noise.
一种分频复合式的麦克风拾音系统的使用方法，包括以下步骤：A method for using a frequency-division composite microphone pickup system comprises the following steps:
S1、复合式麦克风拾音：通过内部设置的动圈麦克风设备与电容麦克风设备拾取声音信号，再经混合电路按不同的比例混合声音信号后，形成混合声音信号；S1. Composite microphone pickup: The sound signal is picked up by the internal dynamic microphone device and the condenser microphone device, and then the sound signal is mixed in different proportions by the mixing circuit to form a mixed sound signal;
S2、混合声音信号处理S2. Mixed sound signal processing
S2.1、有噪音：通过傅里叶变换将声音信号变换为特定频率范围的噪声，再利用滤波器对其进行滤波处理，并在滤波器工作完成后，通过傅里叶逆变换将频域信号变换为声音信号，并将声音信号传输至扩音器；S2.1, Noise: The sound signal is transformed into noise in a specific frequency range through Fourier transform, and then filtered by a filter. After the filter is completed, the frequency domain signal is transformed into a sound signal through inverse Fourier transform, and the sound signal is transmitted to the loudspeaker;
S2.2、无噪音：直接将混合声音信号传输扩音器。S2.2, Noise-free: Directly transmit the mixed sound signal to the loudspeaker.
S3、扩音器增幅：通过扩音器的放大器部分，增加声音信号的强度，并且，利用扩音器对声音信号进行进一步处理，通过均衡器调整音频信号的频率平衡，以使声音更加清晰、平衡和适宜；S3. Loudspeaker amplification: The strength of the sound signal is increased through the amplifier part of the loudspeaker, and the sound signal is further processed by the loudspeaker, and the frequency balance of the audio signal is adjusted through the equalizer to make the sound clearer, more balanced and more appropriate;
S4、扬声器输出：将扩音器传输的声音信号放大，以此放大声音信号的响度，以满足各种场合的音量需求。S4, speaker output: amplify the sound signal transmitted by the loudspeaker, thereby amplifying the loudness of the sound signal to meet the volume requirements of various occasions.
当然，上述说明并非对本发明的限制，本发明也不仅限于上述举例，本技术领域的普通技术人员在本发明的实质范围内所做出的变化、改型、添加或替换，也属于本发明的保护范围。Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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