CN118607417B - Coastal region marine environment risk identification method, product, medium and equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method, product, medium and equipment for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas, and relates to the field of environmental risk identification. The present invention first uses marine environmental monitoring buoys to monitor marine dynamic environmental parameters and meteorological parameters in coastal areas, uses tide gauges or tide models to monitor water levels in coastal areas, and uses marine environmental background data acquisition equipment to obtain water depth topography and shore topography in coastal areas, thereby constructing multiple marine environmental numerical models based on marine dynamic environmental parameters, meteorological parameters, water levels, water depth topography and shore topography, and performing hydrodynamic environmental simulation on coastal areas. The marine environmental numerical model with the smallest simulation error is used as a marine environmental numerical model for business operation, which is used to simulate future marine dynamic environmental parameters, and then divide the risk areas in coastal areas. The method of the present invention can improve the accuracy and real-time performance of marine environmental risk identification in coastal areas.

Description

Methods, products, media and equipment for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental risk identification, and in particular to a method, product, medium and equipment for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas.

Background Art

The current methods for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas have the following problems: 1) Incomplete marine environmental monitoring data: The environment in coastal areas, especially seaside tourist areas, is affected by many factors, including ocean tides, waves, seawater quality, weather conditions, etc. However, these data may be incomplete or missing, making it impossible to fully assess and identify potential risks; 2) Lack of comprehensive assessment indicators: The risks in coastal areas involve multiple aspects such as personnel safety, natural disasters, and environmental pollution. Currently, there is a lack of a set of comprehensive assessment indicators, making it difficult to fully and accurately assess the degree and characteristics of risks; 3) Limitations of risk identification methods: The current risk identification methods are mainly based on historical data and statistical analysis. In coastal areas with special beach conditions and seabed topography, the marine environment changes rapidly, especially the coastal rip currents are short-lived and complex, which are difficult to observe directly and difficult to form long-term monitoring; 4) The wave disaster level IV alert (blue) is usually issued only when the effective wave height (SWH) is greater than 2.5 meters. Most of the time, the effective wave height of waves in coastal areas is between 0.3 and 2 meters, so it is impossible to predict the marine environmental risks under normal conditions.

In summary, the current methods for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas have problems such as incomplete data, lack of comprehensive assessment indicators, limitations in risk identification methods, insufficient uncertainty processing, and an imperfect early warning mechanism. In order to better identify and assess risks in coastal areas, it is necessary to further study and improve relevant methods, and strengthen data collection and early warning mechanism construction.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, product, medium and equipment for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas, so as to realize accurate and near real-time identification of marine environmental risks.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution.

In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas, comprising:

The marine environment monitoring buoy is used to monitor the marine dynamic environment parameters and meteorological parameters of the coastal area; the marine dynamic environment parameters include the buoy position, the effective wave height of the sea waves and the ocean current; the meteorological parameters include the wind speed, wind direction, precipitation, air pressure and humidity;

Monitoring water levels in coastal areas using tide gauges or tidal models;

Use marine environment background data acquisition equipment to obtain the water depth topography and beach topography of coastal areas;

Construct a variety of marine environment numerical models based on the marine dynamic environment parameters, meteorological parameters, water level, water depth topography and beach topography in coastal areas;

Use a variety of marine environment numerical models to simulate the hydrodynamic environment of coastal areas, and use the marine environment numerical model with the smallest simulation error as the marine environment numerical model for operational operation;

Use the operational marine environment numerical model to simulate future marine dynamic environment parameters;

Divide risk areas in coastal areas according to future ocean dynamic environment parameters.

Optionally, the method of acquiring the water depth topography and shore topography of the coastal area using the marine environment background data acquisition device specifically includes:

Use single-beam bathymetry system, multi-beam bathymetry system or satellite remote sensing inversion to obtain high-resolution water depth topography from the water edge of coastal areas to the location of marine environment monitoring buoys;

Use UAV oblique photogrammetry or GNSS RTK measurement system to obtain high-resolution beach topography from the coastline to the water's edge in coastal areas.

Optionally, the multiple marine environment numerical models are constructed based on the marine dynamic environment parameters, meteorological parameters, water level, water depth topography and shore topography of the coastal area, specifically including:

The ocean dynamic environmental parameters, meteorological parameters, water level, water depth topography and beach topography of coastal areas are used as the open boundaries of the FUNWAVE, Xbeach, SWAN or COAWST numerical models to construct a variety of marine environment numerical models.

Optionally, the method of using a plurality of marine environment numerical models to simulate the hydrodynamic environment of the coastal area and using the marine environment numerical model with the smallest simulation error as the marine environment numerical model for commercial operation specifically includes:

The effective wave height, ocean current and meteorological parameters are input into the ocean environment numerical model as initial values, and the water level is used as the correction value of the water depth to continuously correct the actual water level of the water depth terrain and beach terrain, and then the effective wave height and ocean current forecast values of the coastal area in the future are output;

The predicted values of significant wave height and ocean current are compared with the measured values, and the ocean environment numerical model with the smallest simulation error is used as the ocean environment numerical model for operational operation.

Optionally, the simulation of future ocean dynamic environment parameters using the commercially operated ocean environment numerical model specifically includes:

Determine whether numerical simulation is needed based on the real-time monitored ocean dynamic environment parameters; when the ocean dynamic environment parameters exceed the upper threshold, it is directly classified as a high-risk area; when the ocean dynamic environment parameters do not exceed the lower threshold, it is directly classified as a low-risk area, and numerical simulation is not required at this time; otherwise, it is determined that numerical simulation is needed;

When numerical simulation is required, the ocean environment numerical model in commercial operation is used to simulate the future ocean dynamic environment parameters to obtain the predicted values of the ocean dynamic environment parameters.

Optionally, dividing the risk areas of coastal areas according to future ocean dynamic environment parameters specifically includes:

When the ocean dynamic environment parameters exceed the upper threshold, it is classified as a high-risk area;

When the ocean dynamic environment parameters do not exceed the lower threshold, it is classified as a low-risk area;

When the ocean dynamic environment parameters are within the upper and lower threshold ranges, it is classified as a medium-risk area.

Optionally, after dividing the risk areas of the coastal areas according to the future ocean dynamic environment parameters, the method further includes:

Issue early warnings for high-risk and medium-risk areas.

On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the method for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas when executed by a processor.

On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas.

On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas.

According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

The present invention uses marine environment monitoring buoys to monitor the marine dynamic environment parameters and meteorological parameters of coastal areas, uses tide gauges or tide models to monitor the water level of coastal areas, and uses marine environment background data acquisition equipment to obtain the water depth topography and shore topography of coastal areas, thereby constructing multiple marine environment numerical models based on marine dynamic environment parameters, meteorological parameters, water level, water depth topography and shore topography, using multiple marine environment numerical models to simulate the hydrodynamic environment of coastal areas, using the marine environment numerical model with the smallest simulation error as the marine environment numerical model for business operation, and simulating future marine dynamic environment parameters, and then dividing the risk areas of coastal areas according to future marine dynamic environment parameters. The method of the present invention can improve the accuracy and real-time performance of marine environmental risk identification in coastal areas.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

FIG1 is a flow chart of a method for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas provided by the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of the method for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas provided by the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

The present invention aims to provide a method, product, medium and equipment for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas, so as to realize accurate and near real-time identification of marine environmental risks.

In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

FIG1 is a flow chart of the method for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas provided by the present invention, and FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the method for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas provided by the present invention. Referring to FIG1 and FIG2, a method for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas provided by the present invention comprises:

Step 1: Use marine environment monitoring buoys to monitor the ocean dynamic environmental parameters and meteorological parameters in coastal areas.

The real-time marine environment monitoring equipment used in the method of the present invention includes marine environment monitoring buoys and tide gauges deployed at locations close to the coast in coastal areas. The main monitoring parameters of the marine environment monitoring buoy include marine dynamic environmental parameters such as buoy position, significant wave height (SWH), ocean current (OC), and meteorological parameters such as wind speed (WS), wind direction, precipitation, air pressure, and humidity. The marine dynamic environmental parameters usually provide a set of data every half an hour, and the meteorological parameters provide a set of data every minute.

The main monitoring parameter of tide gauge equipment is water level (Sea Level, SL), also known as tide level.

Step 2: Monitor water levels in coastal areas using tide gauges or tidal models.

In addition to using tide gauges to monitor water levels in coastal areas, high-precision tidal models can be used for simulation as an alternative to actual monitoring.

Step 3: Use the marine environment background data acquisition equipment to obtain the water depth topography and beach topography of the coastal area.

The process of acquiring marine environmental background data in coastal areas includes: using single-beam bathymetry system, multi-beam bathymetry system or satellite remote sensing inversion to obtain high-resolution water depth topography around the waterside line to the marine environment monitoring buoy in coastal areas; using UAV oblique photogrammetry or GNSS RTK measurement system to obtain high-resolution shore and beach topography from the coastline to the waterside line in coastal areas. The above two methods are combined to obtain high-precision water depth and shore and beach topography from the coastline to the marine environment monitoring buoy in coastal areas.

The water depth in coastal areas is generally 0-5 meters. When the water depth is less than 5 meters, an unmanned ship equipped with a multi-beam depth sounding system can be used, and its spatial resolution can be less than 0.5 meters. When using drone oblique photogrammetry to measure the beach topography in coastal areas, its spatial resolution can reach the centimeter level, which can more clearly define the marine environmental risk situation. Therefore, when the method of the present invention is used to conduct marine environmental background surveys and marine environmental numerical simulations in coastal areas, its spatial resolution is relatively high, which helps to improve the simulation accuracy.

Step 4: Construct a variety of marine environment numerical models based on the ocean dynamic environment parameters, meteorological parameters, water level, water depth topography and shore topography of the coastal area.

The numerical models for coastal areas or shallow water areas mainly include the wave phase analysis Boussinesq numerical model FUNWAVE, the coastal process numerical model Xbeach, the shallow sea wave numerical model SWAN, the regional sea-air-wave coupling numerical model COAWST, etc. Each numerical model can set different configuration parameters.

After obtaining the marine environment background data, the construction of the marine environment numerical model began. The acquired marine environment background data mainly includes the water depth topography and shore topography data of the coastal area, which provides initial data for the construction of the marine environment numerical model. The monitoring parameters of the marine environment monitoring buoy provide real-time monitoring of marine environment dynamic elements for the operation of the marine environment numerical model. The water level data provided by the tide gauge will provide correction values for the changes in water depth topography and shore topography, ensuring that the water depth topography and shore topography data in the marine environment numerical simulation are consistent with the actual situation.

Specifically, the present invention uses the marine dynamic environment parameters, meteorological parameters, water level, water depth topography and beach topography of the coastal area as the open boundaries of numerical models such as FUNWAVE, Xbeach, SWAN or COAWST, and constructs a variety of marine environment numerical models, each of which can be set with different configuration parameters. By using the marine environment numerical model of nearshore waters and coastal area topography, the hydrodynamic environment of the sea area near the coastal area is simulated, and the marine dynamic environment parameters such as currents and waves in the coastal area and its adjacent sea areas can be obtained.

Step 5: Use a variety of marine environment numerical models to simulate the hydrodynamic environment of coastal areas, and use the marine environment numerical model with the smallest simulation error as the marine environment numerical model for operational operation.

The present invention selects a suitable marine environment numerical model and its configuration parameters according to the marine environment conditions in coastal areas, and performs simulation tests and field tests on them. After the test results are compared, the model is improved to achieve the optimal conditions.

During the simulation experiment, the effective wave height, ocean currents and meteorological parameters are input into the marine environment numerical model as initial values. The water level is used as the correction value of the water depth to continuously correct the actual water level of the water depth topography and shore topography. Then, the predicted values of effective wave height and ocean current in coastal areas for a period of time in the future are output.

Model simulation will certainly have errors, so it is necessary to use actual measured data for verification. Specifically, the model is verified using measured data from field observations such as marine environment monitoring buoys. If the verification effect is poor, the relevant parameters of the model are corrected until the effect of the model simulation is consistent with the actual measurement effect, that is, the optimal conditions for model simulation are achieved. Furthermore, the marine environment numerical model with the smallest simulation error and its corresponding configuration parameters are used as the marine environment numerical model for commercial operation.

Step 6: Use the operational ocean environment numerical model to simulate future ocean dynamic environment parameters.

To identify marine environmental risks in coastal areas, we must first determine the risk level. According to relevant literature, humans will have psychological panic when the current velocity reaches 0.3m/s or more, and this velocity is closely related to the water depth. Therefore, when simulating, it is necessary to determine the water depth conditions, water level fluctuation conditions, etc. Determine under what conditions numerical simulation is required. For example, when the effective wave height of the waves is less than 0.3 meters, the current at locations with a water depth greater than 0.5 meters is about 0.2m/s, so there is no need for numerical simulation, and the coastal areas can be directly determined as low-risk areas. When the effective wave height of the waves is greater than 2.5 meters, it is necessary to issue a wave disaster level IV alert (blue), indicating that the coastal areas are not suitable for swimming; if there are weather conditions such as heavy rain (the marine environment monitoring buoy will monitor this meteorological parameter), the coastal areas are also not suitable for swimming; when the wind speed in the coastal areas is greater than 10m/s (level 7 wind), it is also not suitable to play in the coastal areas; therefore, in these cases, the coastal areas can be directly determined as high-risk areas, and there is no need for numerical simulation. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment can be made based on the numerical simulation of coastal areas to determine the upper and lower threshold ranges of the effective wave height (SWH), water level (SL), ocean current (OC), wind speed (WS), etc. Within the threshold range, numerical simulation of the marine environment is required. In practical applications, it is recommended to set the threshold range of the effective wave height to 0.3~2.5 meters.

During the operational operation of the marine environment numerical model, when the marine dynamic environmental parameters exceed the upper threshold, they are directly divided into high-risk areas; when the marine dynamic environmental parameters do not exceed the lower threshold, they are directly divided into low-risk areas. In both cases, numerical simulation is not required; otherwise, it is judged that numerical simulation is required.

When numerical simulation is needed, the future ocean dynamic environment parameters are simulated using the operational ocean environment numerical model to obtain the predicted values of the ocean dynamic environment parameters. The operational operation of the ocean dynamic environment numerical simulation can be realized through programming, mainly including real-time acquisition of water level data, depth correction of the water depth topography and shore topography of the ocean dynamic environment numerical simulation; real-time acquisition of ocean environment monitoring buoy data, and periodic simulation of the ocean environment.

Specifically, firstly, the data from the marine environment monitoring buoy and tide gauge equipment are received. According to the predetermined upper and lower thresholds of each monitoring parameter, if it is higher than the upper threshold, the coastal area is judged as a high-risk area, and if it is lower than the lower threshold, it is judged as a low-risk area. If it is within the threshold range, it is necessary to use the marine environment numerical model for business operation to perform numerical simulation. The numerical simulation method is: based on the model construction, the programming method is used to receive the marine environment monitoring parameter data in real time, where the wave, current, and meteorological parameter data are used as the initial value and input into the model in real time, where the water level data is used as the correction value of the water depth, and the actual water level correction is continuously performed on the water depth terrain and shore terrain data; then the high-resolution, gridded current, wave and other information of the coastal waters are output. After receiving the data from the marine environment monitoring buoy, the marine environment numerical simulation for business operation runs every 30 minutes (the cycle is consistent with the data sampling rate of the marine environment monitoring buoy), simulating the marine environment conditions in the next hour, and realizing the business operation of the marine environment numerical model.

The numerical simulation of the marine environment of the present invention is based on the on-site observation data of marine environment monitoring buoys and other equipment. The equipment is deployed close to the coastal area, and the marine environment background survey data has covered the coastal area. The equipment measurement time efficiency can reach 30 minutes. Therefore, the numerical simulation of the marine environment has good real-time performance and high accuracy.

Step 7: Divide the risk areas in coastal areas according to the future ocean dynamic environment parameters.

The marine environmental risk situation in coastal areas is determined based on the marine environmental monitoring parameter data and the gridded marine environmental numerical simulation results. The results of the numerical simulation can use the interpolation method to calculate the ocean currents, waves and other information in different regions, mark the sea areas that are not suitable for tourists to reach as high-risk areas for the marine environment, and the rest of the areas are suitable for tourists to reach. Specifically, when the marine dynamic environmental parameters exceed the upper threshold, it is divided into a high-risk area; when the marine dynamic environmental parameters do not exceed the lower threshold, it is divided into a low-risk area; when the marine dynamic environmental parameters are within the upper and lower thresholds, it is divided into a medium-risk area. Early warnings are required for high-risk areas and medium-risk areas.

In coastal areas, the simulation results of waves and currents at different locations are different. In some embodiments, it is recommended that: if the effective wave height of the numerically simulated waves exceeds 1 meter or the current exceeds 0.5m/s, it is classified as a high-risk area; if the effective wave height of the numerically simulated waves does not exceed 0.5 meters or the current does not exceed 0.3m/s, it is classified as a low-risk area; the area between the two is classified as a medium-risk area.

The marine environment numerical model of the present invention can be operated in a business-like manner, and the time efficiency can reach 30 minutes, so as to provide early warning for possible marine environmental risk events in the future, and thus has good real-time performance and high monitoring efficiency. According to the numerical simulation result data of the marine dynamic environment in coastal areas and the real-time monitoring data of the marine environment, the marine dynamic environmental disaster risk in the studied coastal areas is intelligently analyzed, and the areas endangering the personal safety of tourists are marked, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of drowning accidents in coastal areas.

In some embodiments, the present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the method for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas when executed by a processor.

The present invention is aimed at the marine environmental risk assessment in coastal areas. Based on the marine environmental monitoring equipment deployed nearby and the marine environmental background data survey, the present invention uses the method of marine environmental numerical simulation to predict the marine environmental risk in near real time, which can effectively solve the problems of incomplete observation data in coastal areas, transient and complex marine environmental risks, and limited risk identification methods. The present invention reduces the occurrence of drowning accidents in coastal areas by carrying out marine environmental monitoring and numerical simulation and providing reliable monitoring and early warning services.

In some embodiments, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas.

The present invention uses on-site real-time observation data of marine environment monitoring buoys and other equipment deployed in coastal areas, and constructs a marine environment numerical model based on environmental background data such as marine water depth topography and shore topography in coastal areas; by receiving on-site monitoring data of marine environment monitoring buoys and other equipment in real time, the hydrodynamic environment of the coastal waters is numerically simulated, the current and wave data after numerical simulation are normalized, and the hydrodynamic environment conditions of the coastal areas for a period of time in the future are intelligently analyzed, and a set of marine environment risk identification methods for coastal areas is established, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of drowning accidents in coastal areas and ensure the safety of tourists.

In some embodiments, the present invention also provides a computer device, which includes a processor, a memory, an input/output interface (Input/Output, referred to as I/O) and a communication interface. The processor, the memory and the input/output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus through the input/output interface. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store pending transactions. The input/output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and an external device. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it can implement the method for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas.

The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described in this article using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A method for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas, characterized by comprising: The marine environment monitoring buoy is used to monitor the marine dynamic environment parameters and meteorological parameters of the coastal area; the marine dynamic environment parameters include the buoy position, the effective wave height of the sea waves and the ocean current; the meteorological parameters include the wind speed, wind direction, precipitation, air pressure and humidity; Monitoring water levels in coastal areas using tide gauges or tidal models; Use marine environment background data acquisition equipment to obtain the water depth topography and beach topography in coastal areas; Based on the ocean dynamic environment parameters, meteorological parameters, water level, water depth topography and beach topography of coastal areas, a variety of marine environment numerical models are constructed; the numerical models for coastal areas include the wave phase analysis Boussinesq numerical model FUNWAVE, the coastal process numerical model Xbeach, the shallow sea wave numerical model SWAN and the regional sea-air-wave coupling numerical model COAWST; The multiple marine environment numerical models are constructed based on the marine dynamic environment parameters, meteorological parameters, water level, water depth topography and shore topography of the coastal area, specifically including: The ocean dynamic environment parameters, meteorological parameters, water level, water depth topography and beach topography of the coastal area are used as the open boundaries of the FUNWAVE, Xbeach, SWAN or COAWST numerical models to construct a variety of marine environment numerical models; Use a variety of marine environment numerical models to simulate the hydrodynamic environment of coastal areas, and use the marine environment numerical model with the smallest simulation error as the marine environment numerical model for operational operation; The method of using a plurality of marine environment numerical models to simulate the hydrodynamic environment of the coastal area and using the marine environment numerical model with the smallest simulation error as the marine environment numerical model for commercial operation specifically includes: The effective wave height, ocean current and meteorological parameters are input into the ocean environment numerical model as initial values, and the water level is used as the correction value of the water depth to continuously correct the actual water level of the water depth terrain and beach terrain, and then the effective wave height and ocean current forecast values of the coastal area in the future are output; Compare the predicted values of significant wave height and ocean current with the measured values, and use the ocean environment numerical model with the smallest simulation error as the ocean environment numerical model for operational operation; Use the operational marine environment numerical model to simulate future marine dynamic environment parameters; The simulation of future ocean dynamic environment parameters using the commercially operated ocean environment numerical model specifically includes: Determine whether numerical simulation is needed based on the real-time monitored ocean dynamic environment parameters; when the ocean dynamic environment parameters exceed the upper threshold, it is directly classified as a high-risk area; when the ocean dynamic environment parameters do not exceed the lower threshold, it is directly classified as a low-risk area, and numerical simulation is not required at this time; otherwise, it is determined that numerical simulation is needed; When numerical simulation is needed, the ocean environment numerical model in commercial operation is used to simulate the future ocean dynamic environment parameters to obtain the predicted values of the ocean dynamic environment parameters; Divide risk areas in coastal areas according to future ocean dynamic environment parameters. 2. The method for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that the use of marine environmental background data acquisition equipment to obtain the water depth topography and shore topography of the coastal area specifically includes: Use single-beam bathymetry system, multi-beam bathymetry system or satellite remote sensing inversion to obtain high-resolution water depth topography from the water edge of coastal areas to the location of marine environment monitoring buoys; Use UAV oblique photogrammetry or GNSS RTK measurement system to obtain high-resolution beach topography from the coastline to the water's edge in coastal areas. 3. The method for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas according to claim 2 is characterized in that the risk areas of coastal areas are divided according to future marine dynamic environmental parameters, specifically including: When the ocean dynamic environment parameters exceed the upper threshold, it is classified as a high-risk area; When the ocean dynamic environment parameters do not exceed the lower threshold, it is classified as a low-risk area; When the ocean dynamic environment parameters are within the upper and lower threshold ranges, it is classified as a medium-risk area. 4. The method for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas according to claim 3 is characterized in that after dividing the risk areas of coastal areas according to future marine dynamic environmental parameters, it also includes: Issue early warnings for high-risk and medium-risk areas. 5. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas described in any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented. 6. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented. 7. A computer device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method for identifying marine environmental risks in coastal areas as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.