CN118604760A - Amplitude and phase correction method, system and medium for multi-channel receiver based on FPGA - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an amplitude and phase correction method, system and medium for a multi-channel receiver based on FPGA; and relates to the technical field of amplitude and phase correction. Specifically for emergency broadcasting scenarios, the invention provides an amplitude and phase correction method, system and medium for a multi-channel receiver based on FPGA. On the basis of the existing technology of performing amplitude and phase correction on a multi-channel receiver based on channel difference parameters of the receiver itself, the invention makes method improvements, configures a start mechanism for the amplitude and phase correction process based on operating environment information, considers the influence of the operating environment information on the amplitude and phase of each channel of the multi-channel receiver during the amplitude and phase correction process, comprehensively considers the operating environment information in the process of starting the amplitude and phase correction and the amplitude and phase correction process, reduces the amplitude and phase difference caused by environmental factors, and provides an amplitude and phase correction method suitable for emergency sites.

Description

Amplitude and phase correction method, system and medium for multi-channel receiver based on FPGA

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of amplitude and phase correction, and in particular to an amplitude and phase correction method, system and medium for a multi-channel receiver based on FPGA.

Background Art

In a radar that uses a multi-channel system, a very high amplitude and phase consistency is required between the various receiving channels of the receiver. In fact, due to the characteristics of the receiver's front-end processing devices, it is difficult to achieve complete consistency. During the various processing processes such as received signal transmission, conversion, and amplification, the amplitude and phase of each channel signal will inevitably produce relative changes. This causes a certain degree of amplitude and phase inconsistency between the signals of each receiving channel. This inconsistency will seriously affect the overall performance of the system in situations where extremely high radar accuracy is required.

Emergency broadcasting can cover a variety of scenarios and situations. Its main purpose is to quickly convey important information to the public when disasters, emergencies or major public events occur, in order to ensure public safety and coordinate rescue. In the emergency broadcasting scenario, if the amplitude and phase of different channels of a multi-channel receiver are very different, it will have a serious negative impact on the reception, analysis and processing of emergency broadcast information, thereby affecting the real-time, accuracy and reliability of the broadcast, and may even affect the emergency response and rescue work. Therefore, it is very important to ensure that the amplitude and phase of each channel of a multi-channel receiver are consistent.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: the traditional multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method mainly performs the multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction based on the channel difference parameters of the receiver itself, and there is a large error when applied in the emergency broadcasting scene, which may affect the emergency response and rescue work, especially in the scene where the power supply changes drastically and the ambient temperature changes drastically; the purpose of the present invention is to specifically provide a multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method, system and medium based on FPGA for emergency broadcasting scenes, based on the existing technology of performing multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction based on the channel difference parameters of the receiver itself, improve the method, configure the start mechanism of the amplitude and phase correction process based on the operating environment information, and consider the influence of the operating environment information on the amplitude and phase of each channel of the multi-channel receiver during the amplitude and phase correction process, and comprehensively consider the operating environment information in the startup amplitude and phase correction and the amplitude and phase correction process, reduce the amplitude and phase difference caused by environmental factors, and provide an amplitude and phase correction method suitable for emergency sites.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

This solution provides an FPGA-based multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method, including:

Obtaining operating environment information of a multi-channel receiver;

Configuring a start mechanism for an amplitude and phase correction process based on the operating environment information;

Amplitude and phase correction process: Based on the starting mechanism and amplitude and phase correction model of the amplitude and phase correction process, the target signal of the multi-channel receiver is subjected to amplitude and phase correction; the amplitude and phase correction model takes into account the influence of the operating environment information on the amplitude and phase of each channel of the multi-channel receiver;

Output the target signal of each channel after amplitude and phase correction.

Working principle of this scheme: The traditional amplitude and phase correction method of multi-channel receivers mainly performs amplitude and phase correction of multi-channel receivers based on the channel difference parameters of the receiver itself. There are large errors when applied in emergency broadcasting scenarios, which may affect emergency response and rescue work, especially in scenarios where the power supply changes drastically and the ambient temperature changes drastically; This scheme provides a new technical concept: a startup mechanism for the amplitude and phase correction process is configured based on the operating environment information, and the impact of the operating environment information on the amplitude and phase of each channel of the multi-channel receiver is considered during the amplitude and phase correction process. The operating environment information is comprehensively considered in the startup amplitude and phase correction and the amplitude and phase correction process, so as to reduce the amplitude and phase differences caused by environmental factors and provide an amplitude and phase correction method suitable for emergency sites.

A further optimization scheme is that the operating environment information includes power supply mode and power supply status information of the multi-channel signal receiving device;

The power supply mode includes a power grid power supply mode or a backup power supply mode;

When the power supply mode is a backup power supply mode, the power supply status information includes the backup power supply time, backup power supply noise, voltage fluctuation and ambient temperature;

When the power supply mode is a grid power supply mode, the power supply status information includes voltage fluctuation and ambient temperature.

A further optimization scheme is that the startup mechanism of the amplitude and phase correction process is configured based on the operating environment information, including a method:

Obtain the power supply mode and power supply status information of the multi-channel receiver;

When the power supply mode is the standby power supply mode, the amplitude and phase correction process is started with T1 as a period;

When the power supply mode is the grid power supply mode, the amplitude and phase correction process is started with T2 as a period;

When the voltage fluctuation exceeds the fluctuation threshold or the ambient temperature exceeds the temperature threshold, the amplitude and phase correction process is started with T3 as a period;

Among them, T3＞T2＞T1.

A further optimization scheme is that, based on the amplitude-phase correction starting mechanism and the amplitude-phase correction model, amplitude-phase correction is performed on the target signal of the multi-channel receiver; including:

According to the startup mechanism, while the multi-channel receiver is receiving the target signal, the auxiliary test signal is continuously sent to the multi-channel receiver;

Synchronously collecting the received signals of each channel; the received signals include target signals and auxiliary test signals;

Analyzing the received signal at baseband, and performing amplitude and phase estimation to obtain amplitude and phase error factors;

Based on the operating environment information, optimizing the amplitude and phase error factors to obtain final amplitude and phase error factors;

The target signal is corrected based on the final amplitude and phase error factors.

A further optimization scheme is that the synchronous acquisition of the received signals of each channel includes: allowing multiple high-speed acquisition circuits to synchronously and evenly sample the received signals of each channel at a rate v to obtain a time-discrete signal Q(vT), where T represents the sampling interval; determining the target signal y(t) and the auxiliary test signal J(t) according to the time-discrete signal Q(vT), where t represents time.

A further optimization scheme is that the received signal is analyzed at the baseband, and amplitude and phase estimation is performed to obtain amplitude and phase error factors; including:

The amplitude and phase error factors of channel a are obtained based on the following formula: :

;

Wherein, M is the gain of the auxiliary test signal; Z is the total number of times the auxiliary test signal is sent; t represents time; Indicates the auxiliary test signal sent for the zth time and received via channel a; It indicates the target signal received via channel a when the auxiliary test signal is sent for the zth time; Indicates that the auxiliary test signal is sent for the zth time.

A further optimization scheme is that, based on the operating environment information, the amplitude and phase error factors are optimized to obtain the final amplitude and phase error factors; including:

The final amplitude-phase error factor is obtained by optimizing the amplitude-phase error factor according to the following formula :

;

Among them, x=1 indicates that the power supply mode is the grid power supply mode; x=0 indicates that the power supply mode is the backup power supply mode; △u indicates voltage fluctuation; T indicates ambient temperature; n indicates the backup power supply time; α indicates the backup power supply noise; _q1 indicates the first error coefficient, which ranges from 0.5 to 1; _q2 indicates the second error coefficient, which ranges from 1 to 1.5.

A further optimization scheme is that the target signal is corrected based on the final amplitude and phase error factor; comprising:

G1, obtain the bandwidth f of the target signal;

G2, for the case where bandwidth f < preset bandwidth f _c , the corrected target signal ya _is : ;

in, It indicates the target signal received via channel a when the auxiliary test signal is sent for the zth time; Represents the final amplitude and phase error factor of channel a;

G3, for the case where bandwidth f ≥ preset bandwidth f _c , divide the target signal into multiple divided signals with bandwidth less than f _c , and calculate the final amplitude and phase error factors of each divided signal respectively, and correct each divided signal according to the final amplitude and phase error factors and step G2.

The present solution also provides an FPGA-based multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction system for implementing the above-mentioned FPGA-based multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method. The system includes:

An acquisition module, used to obtain operating environment information of a multi-channel receiver;

A configuration module, configured to configure a start mechanism of an amplitude and phase correction process based on the operating environment information;

A correction module is used to perform an amplitude and phase correction process: based on the start mechanism of the amplitude and phase correction process and the amplitude and phase correction model, the target signal of the multi-channel receiver is subjected to amplitude and phase correction; the amplitude and phase correction model takes into account the influence of the operating environment information on the amplitude and phase of each channel of the multi-channel receiver;

The output module is used to output the target signal of each channel after amplitude and phase correction.

The present solution also provides a computer-readable medium on which a computer program is stored. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned FPGA-based multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

The present invention provides an FPGA-based multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method, system and medium; specifically for emergency broadcasting scenarios, an FPGA-based multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method, system and medium are provided. On the basis of the existing technology of performing amplitude and phase correction on a multi-channel receiver based on the channel difference parameters of the receiver itself, the method is improved, a start mechanism of the amplitude and phase correction process is configured based on operating environment information, and the influence of the operating environment information on the amplitude and phase of each channel of the multi-channel receiver is considered during the amplitude and phase correction process. The operating environment information is comprehensively considered in the startup amplitude and phase correction and the amplitude and phase correction process, so as to reduce the amplitude and phase difference caused by environmental factors, and provide an amplitude and phase correction method suitable for emergency sites.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

FIG1 is a flow chart of an amplitude and phase correction method for a multi-channel receiver based on FPGA;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the amplitude and phase correction process;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction system based on FPGA.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary implementation modes of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

The traditional multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method mainly performs multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction based on the channel difference parameters of the receiver itself. When applied in emergency broadcasting scenarios, there are large errors, which may affect emergency response and rescue work, especially in scenarios where the power supply changes drastically and the ambient temperature changes drastically. In view of this, the present invention provides the following embodiments to solve the above technical problems.

Embodiment 1: This embodiment provides an amplitude and phase correction method for a multi-channel receiver based on FPGA, as shown in FIG1 , including:

Step 1, obtaining operating environment information of the multi-channel receiver;

In the specific implementation process of this step, the operating environment information includes the power supply mode and power supply status information of the multi-channel signal receiving device;

The power supply mode includes a grid power supply mode or a backup power supply mode;

When the power supply mode is a backup power supply mode, the power supply status information includes the backup power supply time, backup power supply noise, voltage fluctuation and ambient temperature;

When the power supply mode is a grid power supply mode, the power supply status information includes voltage fluctuation and ambient temperature.

In the emergency scenario where the multi-channel receiver is located, temperature changes may cause changes in the performance parameters of various components of the receiving device, such as changes in the oscillator frequency and amplifier gain, which may affect the signal amplitude and phase consistency of different channels. In emergency scenarios, power supply stability problems are more likely to occur. The stability of the power supply directly affects the working stability of various modules and components of the receiving device, including the frequency stability of the oscillator, the performance of the analog-to-digital converter, etc., thus affecting the amplitude and phase consistency. The stability of the power supply is determined by the power supply mode and power supply status information. This solution takes the power supply mode and power supply status information into account in the amplitude and phase correction process and startup judgment. On the one hand, it ensures the timeliness of the amplitude and phase correction in emergency scenarios, and on the other hand, it ensures the accuracy of the amplitude and phase correction process.

Step 2: configuring a start mechanism for the amplitude and phase correction process based on the operating environment information; specifically including the following method:

Obtain the power supply mode and power supply status information of the multi-channel receiver;

When the power supply mode is the standby power supply mode, the amplitude and phase correction process is started with T1 as a period;

When the power supply mode is the grid power supply mode, the amplitude and phase correction process is started with T2 as a period;

When the voltage fluctuation exceeds the fluctuation threshold or the ambient temperature exceeds the temperature threshold, the amplitude and phase correction process is started with T3 as a period;

Among them, T3＞T2＞T1.

During the specific implementation process, due to the high probability of using backup power supplies in emergency scenarios, and the large difference between backup power supplies and grid power supplies, the degree of impact on amplitude and phase will also be different. Therefore, the start time of the amplitude and phase correction process is set according to the power supply. For power supply modes with a larger degree of amplitude and phase impact, the start of the amplitude and phase correction process is set more frequently, and for power supply modes with a smaller degree of amplitude and phase impact, the start of the amplitude and phase correction process can be set more sparsely; for situations with large voltage fluctuations (such as transient or continuous large voltage changes caused by grid load changes, power supply line problems or other power system factors), a more frequent start mechanism can be set to perform amplitude and phase correction in time.

Step 3, amplitude and phase correction process: Based on the starting mechanism and amplitude and phase correction model of the amplitude and phase correction process, the target signal of the multi-channel receiver is subjected to amplitude and phase correction; the amplitude and phase correction model takes into account the influence of the operating environment information on the amplitude and phase of each channel of the multi-channel receiver; as shown in FIG2, the method specifically includes:

S1, according to the start mechanism, while the multi-channel receiver receives the target signal, continuously sending an auxiliary test signal to the multi-channel receiver;

S2, synchronously collect the received signals of each channel; the received signals include the target signal and the auxiliary test signal; specifically, the method includes: allowing multiple high-speed acquisition circuits to synchronously and evenly sample the received signals of each channel at a rate v to obtain a time-discrete signal Q(vT), where T represents the sampling interval; determining the target signal y(t) and the auxiliary test signal J(t) according to the time-discrete signal Q(vT), where t represents time;

S3, analyzing the received signal at the baseband, and performing amplitude and phase estimation to obtain amplitude and phase error factors; specifically comprising:

The amplitude and phase error factors of channel a are obtained based on the following formula: :

Wherein, M is the gain of the auxiliary test signal; Z is the total number of times the auxiliary test signal is sent; t represents time; Indicates the auxiliary test signal sent for the zth time and received via channel a; It indicates the target signal received via channel a when the auxiliary test signal is sent for the zth time; Indicates that the auxiliary test signal is sent for the zth time.

S4, based on the operating environment information, optimizing the amplitude and phase error factors to obtain final amplitude and phase error factors; including:

The final amplitude-phase error factor is obtained by optimizing the amplitude-phase error factor according to the following formula :

;

Among them, x=1 indicates that the power supply mode is the grid power supply mode; x=0 indicates that the power supply mode is the backup power supply mode; △u indicates voltage fluctuation; T indicates ambient temperature; n indicates the backup power supply time; α indicates the backup power supply noise; _q1 indicates the first error coefficient, which ranges from 0.5 to 1; _q2 indicates the second error coefficient, which ranges from 1 to 1.5.

The calculation model of the final amplitude-phase error factor and the calculation model of the amplitude-phase error factor β are obtained through a large amount of data fitting simulation based on existing machine learning technology and simulation software.

S5, correcting the target signal based on the final amplitude and phase error factors.

In the actual implementation process, step S5 specifically includes:

G1, obtain the bandwidth f of the target signal;

G2, for the case where bandwidth f < preset bandwidth f _c , the corrected target signal ya _is : ;

in, It indicates the target signal received via channel a when the auxiliary test signal is sent for the zth time; Represents the final amplitude and phase error factor of channel a;

G3, for the case where bandwidth f ≥ preset bandwidth f _c , divide the target signal into multiple divided signals with bandwidth less than f _c , and calculate the final amplitude and phase error factors of each divided signal respectively, and correct each divided signal according to the final amplitude and phase error factors and step G2.

This scheme divides multi-channel correction into narrowband correction and broadband correction according to bandwidth. For narrowband signals, when the channel is inconsistent, the channel error and inconsistency of different frequency signals can be ignored due to the narrow bandwidth. Therefore, each channel can select a final amplitude and phase error factor, and the value after the final amplitude and phase error factor is multiplied by the target signal received by each channel is used as the correction result. For broadband signals, different frequency points may produce different amplitude errors and phase errors. At this time, the final amplitude and phase error factors of different frequencies should be introduced. Therefore, this scheme divides the broadband signal into multiple narrowband signals through a digital transversal filter, and a final amplitude and phase error factor is calculated for each narrowband signal.

Step 4: Output the target signal after amplitude and phase correction of each channel.

This scheme configures the startup mechanism of the amplitude and phase correction process based on the operating environment information, and considers the impact of the operating environment information on the amplitude and phase of each channel of the multi-channel receiver during the amplitude and phase correction process. The operating environment information is comprehensively considered in the startup amplitude and phase correction and amplitude and phase correction processes, reducing the amplitude and phase differences caused by environmental factors, and providing an amplitude and phase correction method suitable for emergency sites.

Embodiment 2: This embodiment provides an FPGA-based multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction system, which is used to implement the FPGA-based multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method of embodiment 1. As shown in FIG3 , the system includes:

An acquisition module, used to obtain operating environment information of a multi-channel receiver;

A configuration module, configured to configure a start mechanism of an amplitude and phase correction process based on the operating environment information;

A correction module is used to perform an amplitude and phase correction process: based on the amplitude and phase correction start mechanism and the amplitude and phase correction model, the target signal of the multi-channel receiver is subjected to amplitude and phase correction; the amplitude and phase correction model takes into account the influence of the operating environment information on the amplitude and phase of each channel of the multi-channel receiver;

The output module is used to output the target signal of each channel after amplitude and phase correction.

Since the FPGA-based multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method of Example 1 requires that while the multi-channel receiver receives the target signal, an auxiliary test signal is continuously sent to the multi-channel receiver; and the auxiliary test signal and the target signal received by each channel need to be synchronously collected; therefore, this scheme uses FPGA as a correction platform to implement the amplitude and phase correction process. FPGA can well meet the requirements of configuring auxiliary test signals and synchronous collection. The FPGA platform of this embodiment is an FPGA chip of model XC4VLX60, which integrates 26624 slices, 160 block RAMs and 64 DSP modules, and has rich logic resources and powerful processing capabilities.

Embodiment 3: This embodiment provides a computer-readable medium on which a computer program is stored. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the FPGA-based multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method as described in Embodiment 1, and specifically performs the following steps:

Step 1: Obtain the operating environment information of the multi-channel receiver;

Step 2: configuring a start mechanism for the amplitude and phase correction process based on the operating environment information;

Step 3: Amplitude and phase correction process: Based on the amplitude and phase correction start mechanism and the amplitude and phase correction model, the target signal of the multi-channel receiver is subjected to amplitude and phase correction; the amplitude and phase correction model takes into account the influence of the operating environment information on the amplitude and phase of each channel of the multi-channel receiver;

Step 4: Output the target signal after amplitude and phase correction of each channel.

Based on the proposed amplitude and phase correction method, this embodiment dynamically and adaptively calibrates the amplitude and phase according to the environmental parameters in the simulated emergency scenario. After testing, the amplitude and phase consistency of the multi-channel after calibration meets the indicators required by the equipment, the phase consistency between the intermediate frequency channels is better than 5°, and the amplitude consistency between the intermediate frequency channels is better than 0.25dB.

The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method based on FPGA, characterized by comprising: Obtaining operating environment information of a multi-channel receiver; Configuring a start mechanism for an amplitude and phase correction process based on the operating environment information; Amplitude and phase correction process: Based on the starting mechanism and amplitude and phase correction model of the amplitude and phase correction process, the target signal of the multi-channel receiver is subjected to amplitude and phase correction; the amplitude and phase correction model takes into account the influence of the operating environment information on the amplitude and phase of each channel of the multi-channel receiver; Output the target signal of each channel after amplitude and phase correction. 2. The FPGA-based multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method according to claim 1, characterized in that the operating environment information includes power supply mode and power supply status information of the multi-channel signal receiving device; The power supply mode includes a power grid power supply mode or a backup power supply mode; When the power supply mode is a backup power supply mode, the power supply status information includes the backup power supply time, backup power supply noise, voltage fluctuation and ambient temperature; When the power supply mode is a grid power supply mode, the power supply status information includes voltage fluctuation and ambient temperature. 3. The FPGA-based multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method according to claim 2, characterized in that the startup mechanism of the amplitude and phase correction process is configured based on the operating environment information, including the method: Obtain the power supply mode and power supply status information of the multi-channel receiver; When the power supply mode is the standby power supply mode, the amplitude and phase correction process is started with T1 as a period; When the power supply mode is the grid power supply mode, the amplitude and phase correction process is started with T2 as a period; When the voltage fluctuation exceeds the fluctuation threshold or the ambient temperature exceeds the temperature threshold, the amplitude and phase correction process is started with T3 as a period; Among them, T3＞T2＞T1. 4. The FPGA-based multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method according to claim 1, characterized in that the amplitude and phase correction of the target signal of the multi-channel receiver is performed based on the starting mechanism and amplitude and phase correction model of the amplitude and phase correction process; comprising: According to the startup mechanism, while the multi-channel receiver is receiving the target signal, the auxiliary test signal is continuously sent to the multi-channel receiver; Synchronously collecting the received signals of each channel; the received signals include target signals and auxiliary test signals; Analyzing the received signal at baseband, and performing amplitude and phase estimation to obtain amplitude and phase error factors; Based on the operating environment information, optimizing the amplitude and phase error factors to obtain final amplitude and phase error factors; The target signal is corrected based on the final amplitude and phase error factors. 5. The FPGA-based multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method according to claim 4, wherein the synchronous acquisition of the received signals of each channel comprises: Multiple high-speed acquisition circuits are configured to synchronously and evenly sample the received signals of each channel at a rate v to obtain a time-discrete signal Q(vT), where T represents the sampling interval; the target signal y(t) and the auxiliary test signal J(t) are determined based on the time-discrete signal Q(vT), where t represents time. 6. The FPGA-based multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method according to claim 4, characterized in that the receiving signal is analyzed at baseband and amplitude and phase estimation is performed to obtain amplitude and phase error factors; comprising: The amplitude and phase error factors of channel a are obtained based on the following formula: : ; Wherein, M is the gain of the auxiliary test signal; Z is the total number of times the auxiliary test signal is sent; t represents time; Indicates the auxiliary test signal sent for the zth time and received via channel a; It indicates the target signal received via channel a when the auxiliary test signal is sent for the zth time; Indicates that the auxiliary test signal is sent for the zth time. 7. The FPGA-based multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method according to claim 6, characterized in that the amplitude and phase error factors are optimized based on the operating environment information to obtain the final amplitude and phase error factors; comprising: The final amplitude-phase error factor is obtained by optimizing the amplitude-phase error factor according to the following formula : ; Among them, x=1 indicates that the power supply mode is the grid power supply mode; x=0 indicates that the power supply mode is the backup power supply mode; △u indicates voltage fluctuation; T indicates ambient temperature; n indicates the backup power supply time; α indicates the backup power supply noise; _q1 indicates the first error coefficient, which ranges from 0.5 to 1; _q2 indicates the second error coefficient, which ranges from 1 to 1.5. 8. The FPGA-based multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method according to claim 7, characterized in that the target signal is corrected based on the final amplitude and phase error factor; comprising: G1, obtain the bandwidth f of the target signal; G2, for the case where bandwidth f < preset bandwidth f _c , the corrected target signal ya _is : ; in, It indicates the target signal received via channel a when the auxiliary test signal is sent for the zth time; Represents the final amplitude and phase error factor of channel a; G3, for the case where bandwidth f ≥ preset bandwidth f _c , divide the target signal into multiple divided signals with bandwidth less than f _c , and calculate the final amplitude and phase error factors of each divided signal respectively, and correct each divided signal according to the final amplitude and phase error factors and step G2. 9. An FPGA-based multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction system, characterized in that it is used to implement the FPGA-based multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the system comprises: An acquisition module, used to obtain operating environment information of a multi-channel receiver; A configuration module, configured to configure a start mechanism of an amplitude and phase correction process based on the operating environment information; A correction module is used to perform an amplitude and phase correction process: based on the start mechanism of the amplitude and phase correction process and the amplitude and phase correction model, the target signal of the multi-channel receiver is subjected to amplitude and phase correction; the amplitude and phase correction model takes into account the influence of the operating environment information on the amplitude and phase of each channel of the multi-channel receiver; The output module is used to output the target signal of each channel after amplitude and phase correction. 10. A computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the FPGA-based multi-channel receiver amplitude and phase correction method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.