CN118582436B - Auxiliary drive system and forklift based on potential energy recovery of multiple hydraulic accumulators - Google Patents
Auxiliary drive system and forklift based on potential energy recovery of multiple hydraulic accumulators Download PDFInfo
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- CN118582436B CN118582436B CN202411060209.7A CN202411060209A CN118582436B CN 118582436 B CN118582436 B CN 118582436B CN 202411060209 A CN202411060209 A CN 202411060209A CN 118582436 B CN118582436 B CN 118582436B
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
- B66F9/22—Hydraulic devices or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/02—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/027—Check valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
- F15B2211/25—Pressure control functions
- F15B2211/251—High pressure control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/80—Other types of control related to particular problems or conditions
- F15B2211/865—Prevention of failures
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
An auxiliary driving system based on potential energy recovery of multiple hydraulic accumulators and a forklift relate to the technical field of forklift driving. The auxiliary drive system includes a hydraulic tank, a hydraulic pump, and an electric motor. The motor is connected with the hydraulic pump in a driving way. The oil inlet of the hydraulic pump is connected with the hydraulic oil tank, the oil outlet is connected with the three positions and an oil inlet of the three-way electromagnetic valve. The oil outlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the rodless cavity of the hydraulic oil cylinder. The first working interface of the oil return port fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic valve of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the first working interfaces of the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve and the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve. The second working port of the first two-position two-way solenoid valve is coupled to the first hydraulic accumulator. The second working port of the second two-position two-way solenoid valve is coupled to the second hydraulic accumulator. The second working interface of the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the hydraulic oil tank. The second working interface of the fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the rodless cavity of the hydraulic oil cylinder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forklift driving, in particular to an auxiliary driving system based on potential energy recovery of multiple hydraulic accumulators and a forklift.
Background
Fork trucks, as a core handling tool in the logistics storage field, are increasingly significant in importance as the logistics industry is vigorously developed. However, during operation of the forklift, some of the key issues need to be addressed.
The fork lift motion is the core function in its operation. Taking a stacking forklift as an example, in the lifting process of the forklift, a motor drives a hydraulic pump to convey hydraulic oil to an oil way system, so that lifting of a heavy object is realized. In this process, the hydraulic energy is converted into potential energy of the weight. However, when the forklift descends, the potential energy of the heavy object is often converted into kinetic energy when the heavy object descends, or converted into heat at the hydraulic control valve, and the heat is taken away by hydraulic oil. This results in an increase in the hydraulic oil temperature and a decrease in viscosity, which in turn may cause leakage, vibrations and even affect the stability of the forklift.
The traditional forklift lifting system has the problems of high energy consumption and insufficient energy utilization rate, and the problems are not solved effectively so far. Therefore, the exploration forklift potential energy recovery technology has broad market application prospect and huge economic benefit. In addition, the technology has profound significance for promoting environmental protection and saving energy. Through the energy recovery mechanism of the innovative forklift, the energy efficiency of the forklift can be improved, and the energy recovery mechanism can contribute to green development of logistics industry.
In view of the above, the applicant has studied the prior art and has made the present application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an auxiliary driving system based on potential energy recovery of multiple hydraulic accumulators and a forklift, and aims to improve at least one of the technical problems.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an auxiliary driving system based on potential energy recovery of multiple hydraulic accumulators, which comprises a hydraulic oil tank, a hydraulic pump, a motor, a three-position three-way electromagnetic valve, a hydraulic oil cylinder, a first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve, a first hydraulic accumulator, a second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve, a second hydraulic accumulator, a third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve and a fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic valve. The hydraulic cylinder is used for driving the fork of the forklift to move up and down.
The output shaft of the motor is connected with the hydraulic pump in a transmission way and is used for driving the hydraulic pump to work. And an oil inlet pipeline of the hydraulic pump is connected with the hydraulic oil tank. An oil outlet pipeline of the hydraulic pump is connected with an oil inlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve. And an oil outlet pipeline of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with a rodless cavity of the hydraulic oil cylinder. The oil return port pipeline of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the first working interfaces of the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve and the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve. The second working interface pipeline of the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the first hydraulic accumulator. And a second working interface pipeline of the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the second hydraulic accumulator. And a second working interface pipeline of the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the hydraulic oil tank. The first working interface pipeline of the fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the first working interfaces of the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve and the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve. And a second working interface pipeline of the fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic valve is connected with the rodless cavity of the hydraulic oil cylinder.
The first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve and the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve are of a structure without exhaust ports. The oil outlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve is configured to be capable of being switched to be communicated with or disconnected from the oil inlet and the oil return port. The pressure of the first hydraulic accumulator is not greater than the pressure of the second hydraulic accumulator.
The control method of the auxiliary driving system based on potential energy recovery of the multiple hydraulic accumulators comprises the following steps:
The auxiliary driving system comprises the following steps when lifted:
The pressure Pyr of the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder and the pressure P12 in the first hydraulic accumulator are obtained and compared.
When P12 > Pyr is judged, the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve and the fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic valve are conducted so that the first hydraulic accumulator can send oil to the hydraulic oil cylinder.
And when the pressure P12 is less than or equal to Pyr, acquiring the pressure P15 of the second hydraulic accumulator, and comparing with Pyr.
When P15 > Pyr is judged, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve and the fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic valve are conducted so that the second hydraulic accumulator can send oil to the hydraulic oil cylinder.
The motor drives the hydraulic pump to pump oil, and the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve are communicated, so that the hydraulic pump sends oil to the hydraulic oil cylinder.
The auxiliary drive system includes the following steps when it descends:
the oil outlet and the oil return port of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve are communicated.
The pressure Pyr of the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder and the pressure P15 of the second hydraulic accumulator are obtained and compared.
When Pyr is judged to be more than P15, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve is conducted so that hydraulic oil can flow to the second hydraulic energy accumulator to store energy.
And when Pyr is judged to be less than or equal to P15, acquiring the pressure P12 in the first hydraulic accumulator, and comparing with Pyr.
When Pyr is judged to be more than P12, the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve is conducted so that hydraulic oil can flow to the first hydraulic energy accumulator to store energy.
When Pyr is judged to be less than or equal to P12, the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve is conducted so that hydraulic oil flows to the hydraulic oil tank.
As a further scheme of the invention, when Pyr is judged to be more than P15, a second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve is conducted so that hydraulic oil can flow to a second hydraulic accumulator to store energy, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
When Pyr > P15 is determined, it is determined whether the pressure P15 of the second hydraulic accumulator is less than a second pressure threshold. If so, a second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve is conducted so that hydraulic oil can flow to the second hydraulic energy accumulator to store energy.
As a further scheme of the invention, when Pyr is judged to be more than P12, the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve is conducted so that hydraulic oil can flow to the first hydraulic accumulator to store energy, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
when Pyr > P12 is determined, it is determined whether the pressure P12 of the first hydraulic accumulator is less than a first pressure threshold. If so, the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve is conducted so that hydraulic oil can flow to the first hydraulic accumulator to store energy.
As a further scheme of the invention, the auxiliary driving system further comprises the following steps when lifting:
When the hydraulic cylinder is extended into place, all solenoid valves are closed.
As a further aspect of the present invention, when the auxiliary drive system is lowered, the method further comprises the steps of:
and after the hydraulic cylinder is shortened in place, all the electromagnetic valves are closed.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the auxiliary driving system based on potential energy recovery of the multiple hydraulic accumulators further includes a first relief valve and a first check valve.
And an oil inlet pipeline of the first one-way valve is connected with an oil outlet of the hydraulic pump. And an oil outlet pipeline of the first one-way valve is connected with an oil inlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve. And an oil inlet pipeline of the first overflow valve is connected with an oil outlet of the hydraulic pump. And an oil outlet pipeline of the first overflow valve is connected with the hydraulic oil tank.
As a further aspect of the invention, the auxiliary drive system based on potential energy recovery of the multiple hydraulic accumulators further comprises a throttle valve. The throttle valve pipeline is connected between the oil outlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve and the rodless cavity of the hydraulic oil cylinder.
The number of the hydraulic cylinders of the auxiliary driving system based on potential energy recovery of the multiple hydraulic accumulators is two. The two hydraulic cylinders are a first hydraulic cylinder and a second hydraulic cylinder respectively. The first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder are connected in parallel.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the auxiliary driving system based on potential energy recovery of the multiple hydraulic accumulators further comprises a second one-way valve. And an oil inlet pipeline of the second one-way valve is connected with an oil return port of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve. The oil outlet pipeline of the second one-way valve is connected with the first working interfaces of the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve and the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the auxiliary driving system based on potential energy recovery of the multiple hydraulic accumulators further includes a second relief valve and a third relief valve. An oil inlet of the second relief valve is coupled to the first hydraulic accumulator. An oil inlet of the third relief valve is coupled to the second hydraulic accumulator. And the oil outlets of the second overflow valve and the third overflow valve are connected with the hydraulic oil tank.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the auxiliary driving system based on potential energy recovery of the multiple hydraulic accumulators further comprises a third check valve. And an oil inlet pipeline of the third one-way valve is connected with the first working interfaces of the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve and the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve. An oil outlet pipeline of the third one-way valve is connected between the oil outlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve and the throttle valve.
The application further provides a forklift. The forklift comprises an auxiliary driving system based on potential energy recovery of a multi-hydraulic accumulator according to any one of the first aspects.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention can obtain the following technical effects:
the auxiliary driving system based on the recovery of the potential energy of the multiple hydraulic accumulators is driven by the motor to perform lifting movement, the multiple hydraulic accumulators are placed in parallel and cooperate with the motor to perform recovery of the potential energy of weights with different pressures, so that the maximum recovery of energy is realized, and the auxiliary driving system has good practical significance.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary drive system based on multi-hydraulic accumulator potential energy recovery.
FIG. 2 is a logic block diagram of a control method of an auxiliary drive system based on multi-hydraulic accumulator potential energy recovery.
The marks in the figure: 1-hydraulic oil tank, 2-hydraulic pump, 3-motor, 4-first relief valve, 5-first check valve, 6-three-position three way solenoid valve, 7-choke valve, 8-first hydraulic cylinder, 9-second hydraulic cylinder, 10-second check valve, 11-first two-position two-way solenoid valve, 12-first hydraulic accumulator (low pressure), 13-second relief valve, 14-second two-position two-way solenoid valve, 15-second hydraulic accumulator (high pressure), 16-third relief valve, 17-third two-position two-way solenoid valve, 18-fourth two-position two-way solenoid valve, 19-third check valve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an auxiliary driving system based on potential energy recovery of multiple hydraulic accumulators, which includes a hydraulic oil tank 1, a hydraulic pump 2, an electric motor 3, a three-position three-way solenoid valve 6, a hydraulic cylinder, a first two-position two-way solenoid valve 11, a first hydraulic accumulator 12, a second two-position two-way solenoid valve 14, a second hydraulic accumulator 15, a third two-position two-way solenoid valve 17, and a fourth two-position two-way solenoid valve 18, as shown in fig. 1 and 2. The hydraulic cylinder is used for driving the fork of the forklift to move up and down.
The output shaft of the motor 3 is connected with the hydraulic pump 2 in a transmission way and is used for driving the hydraulic pump 2 to work. The oil inlet pipeline of the hydraulic pump 2 is connected with the hydraulic oil tank 1. An oil outlet pipeline of the hydraulic pump 2 is connected with an oil inlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6. The oil outlet pipeline of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6 is connected with the rodless cavity of the hydraulic oil cylinder. The oil return port pipeline of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6 is connected with the first working ports of the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 11, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 14 and the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 17. The second working port line of the first two-position two-way solenoid valve 11 is connected to the first hydraulic accumulator 12. The second working port line of the second two-position two-way solenoid valve 14 is connected to the second hydraulic accumulator 15. The second working port pipeline of the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 17 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 1. The first working port pipeline of the fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 18 is connected to the first working ports of the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 11, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 14 and the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 17. The second working port line of the fourth two-position two-way solenoid valve 18 is connected to the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder.
The first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 11, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 14 and the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 17 are of a structure without exhaust ports. The oil outlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6 is configured to be capable of being switched to be communicated with or disconnected from the oil inlet and the oil return port. The pressure of the first hydraulic accumulator 12 is not greater than the pressure of the second hydraulic accumulator 15.
Specifically, when the first control end a of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6 is powered on, the oil outlet and the oil return port of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6 are communicated. When the second control end b of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6 is powered on, the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6 are communicated. The fourth two-position two-way solenoid valve 18 is turned on when the third control terminal c of the fourth two-position two-way solenoid valve 18 is energized. The first two-position two-way solenoid valve 11 is turned on when the fourth control terminal d of the first two-position two-way solenoid valve 11 is energized. The second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 14 is conducted when the fifth control end e of the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 14 is powered on. The third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 17 is conducted when the sixth control end f of the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 17 is powered on. When the control end of the electromagnetic valve is powered off, the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6, the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 11, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 14, the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 17 and the fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 18 are all in a disconnected state.
According to the auxiliary driving system based on multi-hydraulic energy accumulator potential energy recovery, the motor 3 is used for driving lifting motion, the plurality of hydraulic energy accumulators are arranged in parallel, and the recovery of the heavy object potential energy with different pressures is carried out in cooperation with the action, so that the maximum recovery of energy is realized. The auxiliary driving system based on the potential energy recovery of the multiple hydraulic accumulators is particularly suitable for energy-saving and emission-reducing forklifts, and is particularly suitable for electrohydraulic composite forklifts.
The auxiliary driving system based on the potential energy recovery of the multiple hydraulic accumulators, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that the multiple hydraulic accumulators are adopted to work cooperatively, so that throttling and overflow losses are avoided, and the energy utilization rate is greatly improved. The problems of high energy consumption and low energy utilization rate of the traditional forklift lifting system are effectively solved.
During the release of the hydraulic accumulator, the motor 3 may be stopped and the lifting movement is directly driven by the hydraulic accumulator. The motor 3 can also work at the same time, and the hydraulic pump 2 and the hydraulic accumulator simultaneously provide hydraulic oil to accelerate the rising speed.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the auxiliary driving system based on potential energy recovery of multiple hydraulic accumulators further includes a first relief valve 4 and a first check valve 5. And an oil inlet pipeline of the first one-way valve 5 is connected with an oil outlet of the hydraulic pump 2. An oil outlet pipeline of the first one-way valve 5 is connected with an oil inlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6. The oil inlet pipeline of the first overflow valve 4 is connected with the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump 2. The oil outlet pipeline of the first overflow valve 4 is connected with the hydraulic oil tank 1.
Specifically, the pressure at the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump 2 can be prevented from being too high by the first overflow valve 4, and the hydraulic pump 2 is prevented from being damaged. When the pressure of the hydraulic oil cylinder is larger than the pressure of the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump 2, the hydraulic oil reversely impacts the hydraulic pump 2 through the first check valve 5, so that the hydraulic pump 2 is prevented from being damaged, the safety and the service life of the whole system are greatly improved, and the hydraulic oil reverse impact hydraulic pump has good practical significance.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the auxiliary driving system based on the potential energy recovery of the multiple hydraulic accumulators further comprises a throttle valve 7. The throttle valve 7 is connected between the oil outlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6 and the rodless cavity of the hydraulic oil cylinder in a pipeline manner. The number of the hydraulic cylinders of the auxiliary driving system based on potential energy recovery of the multiple hydraulic accumulators is two. Wherein the two hydraulic cylinders are a first hydraulic cylinder 8 and a second hydraulic cylinder 9 respectively. The first hydraulic cylinder 8 and the second hydraulic cylinder 9 are connected in parallel.
Specifically, the movement speed of the hydraulic cylinder can be adjusted through the throttle valve 7, so that the impact on a load, a fork or the hydraulic cylinder caused by the too high speed is avoided, and the stability of a hydraulic system is ensured.
Based on the above embodiment, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the auxiliary driving system based on potential energy recovery of multiple hydraulic accumulators further includes a second check valve 10. The oil inlet pipeline of the second one-way valve 10 is connected with the oil return port of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6. The oil outlet pipeline of the second check valve 10 is connected with the first working interfaces of the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 11, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 14 and the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 17. Preferably, the auxiliary driving system based on potential energy recovery of the multiple hydraulic accumulators further comprises a second relief valve 13 and a third relief valve 16. The oil inlet of the second relief valve 13 is connected to the first hydraulic accumulator 12. The oil inlet of the third relief valve 16 is connected to the second hydraulic accumulator 15. The oil outlets of the second relief valve 13 and the third relief valve 16 are joined to the hydraulic tank 1.
Specifically, through the second check valve 10, the hydraulic oil of the energy storage system can be prevented from being reversely input into the hydraulic cylinder during the descending of the cargo, so that impact is caused. The second overflow valve 13 and the third overflow valve 16 can avoid the excessive pressure of the hydraulic accumulator and ensure the stable operation of the whole hydraulic system.
Based on the above embodiment, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the auxiliary driving system based on potential energy recovery of multiple hydraulic accumulators further includes a third check valve 19. The oil inlet pipeline of the third one-way valve 19 is connected to the first working interfaces of the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 11 and the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 14. The oil outlet pipeline of the third one-way valve 19 is connected between the oil outlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6 and the throttle valve 7. Specifically, through the third check valve 19, hydraulic oil flows to the hydraulic accumulator during extension of the hydraulic oil cylinder can be effectively avoided, the problem that the fork cannot be lifted or the lifting speed is low is avoided, and the hydraulic oil cylinder has good practical significance.
The control method of the auxiliary driving system based on the potential energy recovery of the multiple hydraulic accumulators comprises steps A1 to A5 when the auxiliary driving system lifts and steps B1 to B6 when the auxiliary driving system descends.
The auxiliary driving system comprises steps A1 to A5 when lifting.
A1, the pressure Pyr of the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder and the pressure P12 in the first hydraulic accumulator 12 are obtained and compared.
A2, when P12 > Pyr is judged, the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 11 and the fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 18 are conducted so that the first hydraulic accumulator 12 can feed oil to the hydraulic cylinder.
A3, when the P12 is less than or equal to Pyr, the pressure P15 of the second hydraulic accumulator 15 is obtained and compared with Pyr.
A4, when P15 > Pyr is judged, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 14 and the fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 18 are conducted so that the second hydraulic accumulator 15 can feed oil to the hydraulic cylinder.
A5, the motor 3 drives the hydraulic pump 2 to feed oil, and the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6 are communicated, so that the hydraulic pump 2 feeds oil to the hydraulic cylinder.
Preferably, the auxiliary driving system further comprises a step A6 when lifting. A6, closing all electromagnetic valves after the hydraulic cylinder stretches to the proper position.
Specifically, in the lifting oil passage driven by the hydraulic pump 2, the motor 3 is arranged coaxially with the hydraulic pump 2. The oil outlet of the hydraulic oil tank 1 is communicated with the inlet of the hydraulic pump 2. The outlet of the hydraulic pump 2 communicates with the inlet of the first non-return valve 5. The outlet of the first one-way valve 5 is communicated with the inlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6. The outlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6 is communicated with the inlet of the throttle valve 7. The outlet of the throttle valve 7 is communicated with rodless cavities of the first hydraulic cylinder 8 and the second hydraulic cylinder 9. The rod cavities of the first hydraulic oil cylinder 8 and the second hydraulic oil cylinder 9 are communicated with an oil return port of the hydraulic oil tank 1. The inlet of the first relief valve 4 communicates with a first bypass connection leading from the conduit between the outlet of the hydraulic pump 2 and the inlet of the first non-return valve 5. The outlet of the first relief valve 4 communicates with the return port of the hydraulic tank 11.
In the energy release auxiliary drive oil passage of the hydraulic accumulator, the inlet of the third check valve 19 communicates with the outlet of the second check valve 10, and the second bypass port led out by the pipe between the inlets of the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 11, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 14, and the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 17. The outlet of the third check valve 19 communicates with the inlet of the fourth two-position two-way solenoid valve 18. The outlet of the fourth two-position two-way solenoid valve 18 communicates with the inlet of the throttle valve 7.
The auxiliary drive system includes steps B1 to B6 when it is lowered.
B1, the oil outlet and the oil return port of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6 are communicated.
And B2, acquiring and comparing the pressure Pyr of the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder and the pressure P15 of the second hydraulic accumulator 15.
And B3, when Pyr is judged to be more than P15, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 14 is conducted so that hydraulic oil can flow to the second hydraulic accumulator 15 to store energy. In an alternative embodiment, step B3 is specifically: when Pyr > P15 is determined, it is determined whether the pressure P15 of the second hydraulic accumulator 15 is less than a second pressure threshold. If so, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 14 is conducted so that the hydraulic oil can flow to the second hydraulic accumulator 15 for energy storage.
And B4, when Pyr is judged to be less than or equal to P15, acquiring the pressure P12 in the first hydraulic accumulator 12, and comparing with Pyr. In an alternative embodiment, step B4 is specifically: when Pyr is judged to be less than or equal to P15, or when P15 is judged to be more than or equal to a second pressure threshold, the pressure P12 in the first hydraulic accumulator 12 is obtained and compared with Pyr.
And B5, when Pyr is judged to be more than P12, the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 11 is conducted so that hydraulic oil can flow to the first hydraulic accumulator 12 to store energy. In an alternative embodiment, step B5 is specifically: when Pyr > P12 is determined, it is determined whether the pressure P12 of the first hydraulic accumulator 12 is less than a first pressure threshold. If so, the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 11 is conducted so that hydraulic oil can flow to the first hydraulic accumulator 12 for energy storage.
And B6, when Pyr is judged to be less than or equal to P12, the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 17 is conducted so that hydraulic oil flows to the hydraulic oil tank 1. In an alternative embodiment, step B6 is specifically: when Pyr is judged to be less than or equal to P12, or when P12 is judged to be more than or equal to a first pressure threshold value, the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 17 is conducted so that hydraulic oil flows to the hydraulic oil tank 1.
Preferably, the auxiliary driving system further comprises a step B7 when descending. And B7, closing all electromagnetic valves after the hydraulic cylinder is shortened to be in place.
Specifically, in the potential energy recovery oil path where the fork descends. The oil return outlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6 is communicated with the inlet of the second one-way valve 10. The first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 11, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 14 and the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 17 are arranged in parallel. The second one-way valve 10 communicates with the inlets of the first two-position two-way solenoid valve 11, the second two-position two-way solenoid valve 14, and the third two-position two-way solenoid valve 17. The first two-position two-way solenoid valve 11 communicates with an inlet of a first hydraulic accumulator 12. The outlet of the first hydraulic accumulator 12 communicates with the inlet of the second overflow valve 13. The outlet of the second relief valve 13 communicates with the return port of the hydraulic tank 11. The outlet of the second two-position two-way solenoid valve 14 communicates with the inlet of the second hydraulic accumulator 15. The outlet of the second hydraulic accumulator 15 communicates with the inlet of a third overflow valve 16. The outlet of the third overflow valve 16 is communicated with an oil return port of the hydraulic oil tank 1. The outlet of the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 17 is communicated with an oil return port of the hydraulic oil tank 1.
The working principle of the fork during descending is as follows: when the load descends, hydraulic oil of rodless cavities of the first hydraulic cylinder 8 and the second hydraulic cylinder 9 is discharged, passes through the throttle valve 7, the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6 and the second one-way valve 10, and is respectively stored in the first hydraulic accumulator 12 and the second hydraulic accumulator 15 through the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 11 and the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 14. In this way, the gravitational potential energy of the load is converted into hydraulic energy in the first hydraulic accumulator 12 and the second hydraulic accumulator 15. At this time, the hydraulic pump 2 is in a stopped state.
The working principle of the fork during ascending is as follows: the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic accumulator 12 and the second hydraulic accumulator 15 is sequentially released to the rodless cavity inlets of the first hydraulic oil cylinder 8 and the second hydraulic oil cylinder 9, so that the energy recovered by the first hydraulic accumulator 12 and the second hydraulic accumulator 15 can directly drive the fork frame to lift the load, and the purpose of saving the energy is realized. At this time, the hydraulic pump 2 may stop or run synchronously to feed hydraulic oil into the system, thereby accelerating the ascending speed.
Specifically, when the system performs lifting operation: the motor 3 drives the hydraulic pump 2 to supply the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank 1 to the entire oil passage. Hydraulic oil passes through the first check valve 5, the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6 and the throttle valve 7 and enters rodless cavities of the first hydraulic oil cylinder 8 and the second hydraulic oil cylinder 9 to realize lifting movement of the forklift.
When the system is recovering energy: hydraulic oil in rodless cavities of the first hydraulic oil cylinder 8 and the second hydraulic oil cylinder 9 passes through the throttle valve 7, the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve 6 and the second one-way valve 10 under the gravitational potential energy of goods, and enters the first hydraulic accumulator 12 and the second hydraulic accumulator 15 through the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 11 and the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 14 respectively so as to realize recovery of potential energy.
When the system is releasing energy: the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic accumulator 12 and the second hydraulic accumulator 15 respectively flows through the second bypass by the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 11 and the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 14, flows into the rodless cavity of the first hydraulic cylinder 8 and the second hydraulic cylinder 9 by the third one-way valve 19, the fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 18 and the throttle valve 7 for lifting movement again, and the energy is reused.
According to the auxiliary driving system based on multi-hydraulic-accumulator potential energy recovery, on the basis that the hydraulic driving system is jointly realized by the motor 3 and the hydraulic pump 2, the energy-saving technology that the hydraulic driving and energy recovery are realized by introducing a plurality of hydraulic accumulators is introduced, and the energy recovery capacity of the forklift hydraulic system is further improved. The potential energy recovery oil ways under different oil pressures are separated by the two-position two-way electromagnetic valve, and the hydraulic accumulators with different initial pressures are selected to work according to the difference of the hydraulic oil pressure, so that the cooperation operation of a plurality of hydraulic accumulators is realized. The loss of oil energy on the oil way is reduced. The utilization rate of energy is improved.
The second embodiment of the present application further provides a forklift. The forklift comprises an auxiliary drive system based on potential energy recovery of multiple hydraulic accumulators according to any one of the embodiments.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and variations may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An auxiliary driving system based on multi-hydraulic accumulator potential energy recovery is characterized by comprising a hydraulic oil tank (1), a hydraulic pump (2), a motor (3), a three-position three-way electromagnetic valve (6), a hydraulic oil cylinder, a first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (11), a first hydraulic accumulator (12), a second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (14), a second hydraulic accumulator (15), a third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (17) and a fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (18); the hydraulic cylinder is used for driving a fork of the forklift to move up and down;
The output shaft of the motor (3) is connected with the hydraulic pump (2) in a transmission way and is used for driving the hydraulic pump (2) to work; an oil inlet pipeline of the hydraulic pump (2) is connected with the hydraulic oil tank (1); an oil outlet pipeline of the hydraulic pump (2) is connected with an oil inlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve (6); an oil outlet pipeline of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve (6) is connected with a rodless cavity of the hydraulic oil cylinder; the oil return port pipeline of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve (6) is connected with the first working interfaces of the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (11), the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (14) and the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (17); the second working interface pipeline of the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (11) is connected with the first hydraulic accumulator (12); the second working interface pipeline of the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (14) is connected with the second hydraulic accumulator (15); the second working interface pipeline of the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (17) is connected with the hydraulic oil tank (1); the first working interface pipeline of the fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (18) is connected with the first working interfaces of the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (11), the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (14) and the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (17); the second working interface pipeline of the fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (18) is connected with the rodless cavity of the hydraulic oil cylinder;
The first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (11), the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (14) and the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (17) are of a structure without exhaust ports; an oil outlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve (6) is configured to be capable of being switched to be communicated with or disconnected from an oil inlet and an oil return port;
the pressure of the first hydraulic accumulator (12) is not greater than the pressure of the second hydraulic accumulator (15);
The auxiliary drive system further comprises a first one-way valve (5); an oil inlet pipeline of the first one-way valve (5) is connected with an oil outlet of the hydraulic pump (2); an oil outlet pipeline of the first one-way valve (5) is connected with an oil inlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve (6);
The auxiliary drive system further comprises a third one-way valve (19); an oil inlet pipeline of the third one-way valve (19) is connected with a first working interface of the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (11) and the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (14); an oil outlet pipeline of the third one-way valve (19) is connected with an oil outlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve (6);
the control method of the auxiliary driving system based on potential energy recovery of the multiple hydraulic accumulators comprises the following steps:
The auxiliary driving system comprises the following steps when lifted:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining and comparing the pressure Pyr of a rodless cavity of a hydraulic oil cylinder with the pressure P12 in a first hydraulic accumulator (12);
when P12 is judged to be more than Pyr, the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (11) and the fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (18) are conducted so that the first hydraulic accumulator (12) sends oil to the hydraulic oil cylinder;
When the P12 is less than or equal to Pyr, the pressure P15 of the second hydraulic accumulator (15) is obtained and compared with Pyr;
when P15 > Pyr is judged, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (14) and the fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (18) are conducted so that the second hydraulic accumulator (15) sends oil to the hydraulic oil cylinder;
the motor (3) drives the hydraulic pump (2) to feed oil, and the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve (6) are communicated, so that the hydraulic pump (2) feeds oil to the hydraulic cylinder;
the auxiliary drive system includes the following steps when it descends:
the oil outlet and the oil return port of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve (6) are communicated;
The pressure Pyr of the rodless cavity of the hydraulic oil cylinder and the pressure P15 of the second hydraulic accumulator (15) are obtained and compared;
When Pyr > P15 is judged, judging whether the pressure P15 of the second hydraulic accumulator (15) is smaller than a second pressure threshold value or not; if so, a second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (14) is conducted so that hydraulic oil can flow to a second hydraulic energy accumulator (15) to store energy;
When Pyr is judged to be less than or equal to P15, or when P15 is judged to be more than or equal to a second pressure threshold value, the pressure P12 in the first hydraulic accumulator (12) is obtained and compared with Pyr;
When Pyr > P12 is judged, judging whether the pressure P12 of the first hydraulic accumulator (12) is smaller than a first pressure threshold value or not; if so, a first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (11) is conducted so that hydraulic oil can flow to a first hydraulic energy accumulator (12) to store energy;
when Pyr is judged to be less than or equal to P12, or when P12 is judged to be more than or equal to a first pressure threshold value, a third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (17) is conducted so that hydraulic oil flows to the hydraulic oil tank (1).
2. The auxiliary drive system based on potential energy recovery of multiple hydraulic accumulators according to claim 1, further comprising the step of, when lifted:
When the hydraulic oil cylinder stretches to the proper position, all the electromagnetic valves are closed;
the auxiliary drive system further comprises the following steps when descending:
and after the hydraulic cylinder is shortened in place, all the electromagnetic valves are closed.
3. An auxiliary drive system based on multi-hydraulic accumulator potential energy recovery according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising a first overflow valve (4); an oil inlet pipeline of the first overflow valve (4) is connected with an oil outlet of the hydraulic pump (2); an oil outlet pipeline of the first overflow valve (4) is connected with the hydraulic oil tank (1).
4. An auxiliary drive system based on multi-hydraulic accumulator potential energy recovery according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising a throttle valve (7); the throttle valve (7) is connected between the oil outlet of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve (6) and the rodless cavity of the hydraulic oil cylinder through a pipeline;
The number of the hydraulic cylinders of the auxiliary driving system based on potential energy recovery of the multiple hydraulic accumulators is two; the two hydraulic cylinders are a first hydraulic cylinder (8) and a second hydraulic cylinder (9) respectively; the first hydraulic oil cylinder (8) and the second hydraulic oil cylinder (9) are connected in parallel.
5. An auxiliary drive system based on multi-hydraulic accumulator potential energy recovery according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising a second one-way valve (10); an oil inlet pipeline of the second one-way valve (10) is connected with an oil return port of the three-position three-way electromagnetic valve (6); the oil outlet pipeline of the second one-way valve (10) is connected with the first working interfaces of the first two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (11), the second two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (14) and the third two-position two-way electromagnetic valve (17).
6. An auxiliary drive system based on multi-hydraulic accumulator potential energy recovery according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising a second relief valve (13) and a third relief valve (16); an oil inlet of the second overflow valve (13) is connected with the first hydraulic accumulator (12); an oil inlet of the third overflow valve (16) is connected with the second hydraulic accumulator (15); an oil outlet of the second relief valve (13) and an oil outlet of the third relief valve (16) are connected to the hydraulic oil tank (1).
7. A forklift truck comprising an auxiliary drive system based on the recovery of potential energy of multiple hydraulic accumulators according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| CN208980277U (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-06-14 | 成都新一驱动科技有限责任公司 | Electri forklift jacking system energy recycle device |
| CN113048104B (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2022-07-15 | 贵州大学 | Energy recovery system of hydraulic load operation platform |
| CN114715818B (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2023-05-16 | 华侨大学 | Separate type electro-hydraulic driven forklift potential energy recovery system and separate type electro-hydraulic driven forklift |
| CN114940467B (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2023-11-03 | 华侨大学 | Electro-hydraulic composite forklift and its driving system, method, device and storage medium |
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