CN118580189A - Pyrazole derivatives and preparation methods and applications thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a pyrazole derivative, the structure of which is shown as a formula (I). In addition, the invention also discloses pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the derivatives, stereoisomers, pharmaceutical compositions and applications thereof. The compounds of the invention have better activity inhibition and selectivity on CDK 2.

Description

Pyrazole derivatives and preparation methods and applications thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions

This application claims the following priority:

CN2023100561081, January 19, 2023.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of medical technology, and in particular to a pyrazole derivative, a preparation method and application thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition.

Background Art

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) belong to the serine/threonine kinase family. They are involved in physiological processes such as cell proliferation and transcription. According to the different functions of CDKs, they can be divided into two categories: one type of CDKs participates in cell cycle regulation, mainly including CDK1, CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, etc.; the other type of CDKs participates in transcriptional regulation, mainly including CDK7, CDK8, CDK9, CDK12, CDK13, etc.

CDK2 activity disorder often occurs in many human cancers, so CDK2 is of interest to researchers. CDK2 plays a key role in promoting G1/S transition and S phase progression. CDK2 forms a complex with Cyclin E, phosphorylates retinoblastoma family members (pRb, etc.), leads to the release and activation of E2F transcription factors, promotes the transition of the cell cycle from G1 phase to S phase, and then activates CDK2/Cyclin A, promoting cell cycle DNA synthesis, replication and other processes.

Increased copy number and overexpression of Cyclin E1 have been identified in ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, endometrial cancer, breast cancer and other cancers, and are positively correlated with the poor prognosis of the corresponding tumors. In ER+ breast cancer cells, high expression of Cyclin E2 is often accompanied by resistance to hormone therapy, and the amplification or overexpression of Cyclin E is closely related to the poor prognosis of breast cancer. In HER2+ breast cancer, the amplification of Cyclin E has also been reported to contribute to resistance to trastuzumab. There are also reports that overexpression of Cyclin E also plays an important role in the progression of triple-negative breast cancer or inflammatory breast cancer. Therefore, CDK2 may become an important anti-tumor target.

There are few small molecule inhibitors with CDK2 activity in the clinical research stage. Pfizer has developed a PF-07104091, whose structural formula is: However, the dosage of PF-07104091 in the preclinical animal efficacy model is high and must be given twice a day, indicating that there is room for improvement in the activity and metabolism of PF-07104091. Therefore, in order to better develop new drugs for the treatment of cancer and other related diseases, it is urgent to develop CDK2 inhibitors with high activity, more stable metabolism, and the ability to treat a variety of cancers, especially small molecule inhibitors that selectively target CDK2, which may have better safety.

Summary of the invention

Based on this, the present invention provides a pyrazole derivative with good selectivity for inhibiting the activity of CDK2.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

A compound represented by formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof:

in:

Ar is selected from substituted or unsubstituted aromatic groups having 6 to 30 C atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl groups having 3 to 30 C atoms;

_R1 is selected from a single bond, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms, a linear deuterated alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, or a branched deuterated alkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms;

_R2 is selected from any one of the following structures:

_R is selected from linear alkyl having 1 to 20 C atoms, linear deuterated alkyl having 1 to 20 C atoms, branched alkyl having 3 to 20 C atoms, branched deuterated alkyl having 3 to 20 C atoms, cyclic alkyl having 3 to 20 C atoms, cyclic deuterated alkyl having 3 to 20 C atoms, linear alkoxy having 1 to 20 C atoms, linear deuterated alkoxy having 1 to 20 C atoms, branched alkoxy having 3 to 20 C atoms, branched deuterated alkoxy having 3 to 20 C atoms, cyclic alkoxy having 3 to 20 C atoms, cyclic deuterated alkoxy having 3 to 20 C atoms, or a combination of these systems;

R is selected from -H, -D, linear alkyl having 1 to 20 C atoms, linear deuterated alkyl having 1 to 20 C atoms, branched alkyl having 3 to 20 C atoms, branched deuterated alkyl having 3 to 20 C atoms, cyclic alkyl having ₃ to 20 C atoms, cyclic deuterated alkyl having 3 to 20 C atoms, linear alkoxy having 1 to 20 C atoms, linear deuterated alkoxy having 1 to 20 C atoms, branched alkoxy having 3 to 20 C atoms, branched deuterated alkoxy having 3 to 20 C atoms, cyclic alkoxy having 3 to 20 C atoms, cyclic deuterated alkoxy having 3 to 20 C atoms, or a combination of these systems;

_R is selected from linear alkylene having 1 to 20 C atoms, linear deuterated alkylene having 1 to 20 C atoms, branched alkylene having 3 to 20 C atoms, branched deuterated alkylene having 3 to 20 C atoms, cyclic alkylene having 3 to 20 C atoms, cyclic deuterated alkylene having 3 to 20 C atoms, or a combination of these systems.

In one embodiment, the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (II):

In one embodiment, R ₁ is selected from a single bond, a straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 C atoms, a straight chain deuterated alkyl group having 1 to 10 C atoms, a branched chain alkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms, or a branched chain deuterated alkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms;

_R3 is selected from linear alkyl having 1 to 10 C atoms, linear deuterated alkyl having 1 to 10 C atoms, branched alkyl having 3 to 10 C atoms, branched deuterated alkyl having 3 to 10 C atoms, cyclic alkyl having 3 to 10 C atoms, cyclic deuterated alkyl having 3 to 10 C atoms, or a combination of these systems;

_R4 is selected from -H, -D, linear alkyl having 1 to 10 C atoms, linear deuterated alkyl having 1 to 10 C atoms, branched alkyl having 3 to 10 C atoms, branched deuterated alkyl having 3 to 10 C atoms, cyclic alkyl having 3 to 10 C atoms, cyclic deuterated alkyl having 3 to 10 C atoms, or a combination of these systems;

_R is selected from linear alkylene having 1 to 10 C atoms, linear deuterated alkylene having 1 to 10 C atoms, branched alkylene having 3 to 10 C atoms, branched deuterated alkylene having 3 to 10 C atoms, cyclic alkylene having 3 to 10 C atoms, cyclic deuterated alkylene having 3 to 10 C atoms, or a combination of these systems.

In one embodiment, Ar is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 15 C atoms, and a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 3 to 15 C atoms.

In one embodiment, Ar is selected from any one of the following structures:

wherein _R6 is selected from a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 C atoms, a linear deuterated alkyl group having 1 to 10 C atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms, a branched deuterated alkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms, and a cyclic deuterated alkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms.

In one embodiment, the compound of formula (I) is any of the following compounds:

The present invention also provides a method for preparing the compound represented by formula (I), comprising the following steps:

Compound 3 is prepared by reacting compound 1 with compound 2 via ketal reaction:

Compound 4 is prepared by cyanation reaction of compound 3:

Compound 5 is prepared by performing a cyclization reaction on compound 4:

Compound 6 is prepared by amino protection reaction of compound 5:

Compound 7 is prepared by deketalization reaction of compound 6:

Compound 8 is prepared by reducing compound 7:

Compound 10 is prepared by reacting compound 8 with compound 9 through a nucleophilic addition reaction:

Compound 10 is subjected to amino deprotection reaction to prepare compound 11:

Compound 12 is subjected to substitution reaction to prepare compound 13:

Compound 14 is prepared by hydrolysis of compound 13:

Compound 14 and compound 11 are reacted by condensation to prepare compound 15:

Compound 15 is subjected to a de-tert-butylation reaction to prepare compound 16:

Compound 17 is prepared by demethylation halogenation of compound 16:

Compound 17 and compound 18 are subjected to nucleophilic substitution reaction to prepare compound 19, compound 19 is subjected to de-Boc reaction to prepare compound 20, and compound 20 and polyaldehyde are subjected to dehydration reaction to prepare the compound of formula (I); or compound 17 and compound 21 are subjected to nucleophilic substitution reaction to prepare the compound of formula (I):

Or compound 22 and compound 11 are subjected to condensation reaction to prepare compound 23, compound 23 is subjected to de-Boc reaction to prepare compound 24, compound 24 and polyaldehyde are subjected to dehydration reaction to prepare compound 25, and compound 25 is subjected to de-tert-butylation reaction to prepare the compound of formula (I):

The definitions of Ar, R ₁ , R ₃ , R ₄ and R ₅ are the same as those described above.

The present invention also provides a use of the compound as described above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof in the preparation of a drug for treating and/or preventing a disease associated with or mediated by CDK2 activity.

In one embodiment, the disease associated with or mediated by CDK2 activity is cancer.

The present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition, comprising the compound as described above, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Compared with the prior art, the compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof has the following beneficial effects:

After long-term and in-depth research, the inventors unexpectedly discovered a novel pyrazole derivative. The pyrazole derivative of the present invention has unexpected inhibitory activity and selectivity against CDK2, and can be used to treat various cancers with high expression of Cyclin E, especially CDK4/6 inhibitor-resistant cancer patients, and has excellent therapeutic effects.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

For ease of understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to relevant embodiments. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are provided in the embodiments. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

Definition of terms

Unless otherwise specified, the following terms and phrases used herein are intended to have the following meanings. A particular term or phrase should not be considered to be uncertain or unclear in the absence of a special definition, but should be understood according to its ordinary meaning. When a trade name appears in this article, it is intended to refer to its corresponding commercial product or its active ingredient.

The term "pharmaceutically acceptable" refers to those compounds, materials, compositions and/or dosage forms which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of human beings and animals without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response or other problems or complications, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.

The term "pharmaceutically acceptable salt" refers to salts of compounds of the invention, prepared from compounds of the invention having specific substituents with relatively nontoxic acids or bases. When the compounds of the invention contain relatively acidic functional groups, base addition salts can be obtained by contacting such compounds with a sufficient amount of base in a pure solution or a suitable inert solvent. Pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salts include sodium, potassium, calcium, ammonium, organic amine or magnesium salts or similar salts. When the compounds of the invention contain relatively basic functional groups, acid addition salts can be obtained by contacting such compounds with a sufficient amount of acid in a pure solution or a suitable inert solvent. Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts include inorganic acid salts, such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, nitric acid, carbonic acid, bicarbonate, phosphoric acid, monohydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen phosphate, sulfuric acid, hydrogen sulfate, hydroiodic acid, phosphorous acid, etc.; and organic acid salts, such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, isobutyric acid, maleic acid, malonic acid, benzoic acid, succinic acid, suberic acid, fumaric acid, lactic acid, mandelic acid, phthalic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid and methanesulfonic acid, and salts of amino acids (such as arginine, etc.), and salts of organic acids such as glucuronic acid. Certain specific compounds of the present invention contain basic and acidic functional groups, and thus can be converted into any base or acid addition salt.

Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the present invention can be synthesized by conventional chemical methods from parent compounds containing acid radicals or bases. Generally, the preparation method of such salts is: in water or an organic solvent or a mixture of the two, these compounds in free acid or base form are reacted with a stoichiometric amount of an appropriate base or acid to prepare.

The compounds of the present invention may exist in specific geometric or stereoisomeric forms. The present invention contemplates all such compounds, including cis and trans isomers, (-)- and (+)-enantiomers, (R)- and (S)-enantiomers, diastereomers, (D)-isomers, (L)-isomers, and racemic mixtures and other mixtures thereof, such as enantiomerically or diastereomerically enriched mixtures, all of which are within the scope of the present invention. Additional asymmetric carbon atoms may be present in substituents such as alkyl. All of these isomers and their mixtures are included within the scope of the present invention.

Unless otherwise indicated, the term "enantiomer" or "optical isomer" refers to stereoisomers that are mirror images of one another.

Unless otherwise indicated, the term "cis-trans isomers" or "geometric isomers" arises from the inability of a ring to rotate freely about double bonds or single bonds of ring carbon atoms.

Unless otherwise indicated, the term "diastereomer" refers to stereoisomers that have two or more chiral centers and that are not mirror images of each other.

Unless otherwise indicated, "(+)" indicates dextrorotatory, "(-)" indicates levorotatory, and "(±)" indicates racemic.

Unless otherwise specified, the key is a solid wedge. and dotted wedge key To indicate the absolute configuration of a stereocenter, use a straight solid bond. and straight dashed key To indicate the relative configuration of a stereocenter, use a wavy line Denotes a solid wedge bond or dotted wedge key Or use a wavy line Represents a straight solid bond and straight dashed key

Unless otherwise indicated, the term "tautomer" or "tautomeric form" refers to isomers with different functional groups that are in dynamic equilibrium at room temperature and can quickly convert into each other. For example, in the present invention, is a tautomer. If tautomerism is possible (such as in solution), a chemical equilibrium of tautomerism can be achieved. For example, proton tautomers (also called prototropic tautomers) include interconversions by proton migration, such as keto-enol isomerization and imine-enamine isomerization. Valence isomers include interconversions by the reorganization of some bonding electrons. A specific example of keto-enol tautomerization is the interconversion between two tautomers of pentane-2,4-dione and 4-hydroxypent-3-ene-2-one.

Unless otherwise indicated, the terms "enriched in one isomer", "isomerically enriched", "enriched in one enantiomer" or "enantiomerically enriched" mean that the content of one isomer or enantiomer is less than 100%, and the content of the isomer or enantiomer is greater than or equal to 60%, or greater than or equal to 70%, or greater than or equal to 80%, or greater than or equal to 90%, or greater than or equal to 95%, or greater than or equal to 96%, or greater than or equal to 97%, or greater than or equal to 98%, or greater than or equal to 99%, or greater than or equal to 99.5%, or greater than or equal to 99.6%, or greater than or equal to 99.7%, or greater than or equal to 99.8%, or greater than or equal to 99.9%.

Unless otherwise indicated, the term "isomer excess" or "enantiomeric excess" refers to the difference between the relative percentages of two isomers or two enantiomers. For example, if the content of one isomer or enantiomer is 90% and the content of the other isomer or enantiomer is 10%, the isomer or enantiomeric excess (ee value) is 80%.

Optically active (R)- and (S)-isomers and D and L isomers can be prepared by chiral synthesis or chiral reagents or other conventional techniques. If one enantiomer of a compound of the present invention is desired, it can be prepared by asymmetric synthesis or derivatization with a chiral auxiliary, wherein the resulting diastereomeric mixture is separated and the auxiliary group is cleaved to provide the pure desired enantiomer. Alternatively, when the molecule contains a basic functional group (such as an amino group) or an acidic functional group (such as a carboxyl group), a diastereomeric salt is formed with an appropriate optically active acid or base, and then the diastereoisomers are separated by conventional methods known in the art, and then the pure enantiomer is recovered. In addition, the separation of enantiomers and diastereomers is usually accomplished by using chromatography, which uses a chiral stationary phase and is optionally combined with a chemical derivatization method (for example, a carbamate is generated from an amine).

The compounds of the present invention may contain non-natural proportions of atomic isotopes on one or more atoms constituting the compound. For example, the compound may be labeled with a radioactive isotope, such as tritium ( ^3H ), iodine-125 ( ^125I ) or C-14 ( ^14C ). For another example, deuterated drugs may be formed by replacing hydrogen with heavy hydrogen. The bond formed by deuterium and carbon is stronger than the bond formed by ordinary hydrogen and carbon. Compared with undeuterated drugs, deuterated drugs have the advantages of reducing toxic side effects, increasing drug stability, enhancing therapeutic effects, and extending the biological half-life of drugs. All isotopic composition changes of the compounds of the present invention, whether radioactive or not, are included in the scope of the present invention.

"Optional" or "optionally" means that the subsequently described event or circumstance may but need not occur, and that the description includes instances where said event or circumstance occurs and instances where it does not.

The term "substituted" means that any one or more hydrogen atoms on a particular atom are replaced by a substituent, which may include deuterium and hydrogen variants, as long as the valence state of the particular atom is normal and the substituted compound is stable. The type and number of substituents can be any on the basis of chemical achievable. When the substituent is oxygen (i.e., =O), it means that two hydrogen atoms are replaced. Oxygen substitution does not occur on aromatic groups.

When any variable (e.g., R ₁ ) occurs more than once in a compound's composition or structure, its definition at each occurrence is independent. Thus, for example, if a group is substituted with 0-2 R _{1 s} , the group may be optionally substituted with up to two R _{1 s} , and each occurrence of R ₁ is an independent choice. In addition, combinations of substituents and/or variants thereof are permitted only if such combinations result in stable compounds.

When the number of a linking group is 0, such as -(CRR) ₀ -, it means that the linking group is a single bond.

When one of the variables is selected from a single bond, it means that the two groups it connects are directly connected. For example, when L in A-L-Z represents a single bond, it means that the structure is actually A-Z.

When a substituent is vacant, it means that the substituent does not exist. For example, when X in A-X is vacant, it means that the structure is actually A. When the listed substituent does not specify which atom it is connected to the substituted group through, the substituent can be bonded through any atom of it. For example, pyridyl as a substituent can be connected to the substituted group through any carbon atom on the pyridine ring.

When the linking group is listed without specifying its linking direction, its linking direction is arbitrary, for example, The connecting group L is -MW-, in which case -MW- can connect ring A and ring B in the same direction as the reading order from left to right to form You can also connect ring A and ring B in the opposite direction of the reading order from left to right to form Combinations of linkers, substituents, and/or variations thereof are permissible only if such combinations result in stable compounds.

Unless otherwise specified, when a group has one or more connectable sites, any one or more sites of the group can be connected to other groups through chemical bonds. When the chemical bond connection mode is non-positional and there are H atoms at the connectable sites, when the chemical bonds are connected, the number of H atoms at the site will decrease accordingly with the number of connected chemical bonds to become a group with a corresponding valence. The chemical bond connecting the site to other groups can be a straight solid bond. , straight dashed line key or wavy line For example, the straight solid bond in -OCH ₃ indicates that it is connected to other groups through the oxygen atom in the group; The straight dashed bond in the group indicates that the two ends of the nitrogen atom in the group are connected to other groups; The wavy line in the phenyl group indicates that it is connected to other groups through the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 2 in the phenyl group; It means that any connectable site on the piperidine group can be connected to other groups through one chemical bond, including at least These four connection methods, even if the H atom is drawn on -N-, Still includes For groups connected in this way, when one chemical bond is connected, the H at that site will be reduced by one and become the corresponding monovalent piperidine group.

Unless otherwise specified, the number of atoms in a ring is generally defined as the ring member number, for example, "3-7 membered ring" refers to a "ring" having 3-7 atoms arranged around it.

Unless otherwise specified, the term "C _1-6 alkyl" is used to represent a straight or branched saturated hydrocarbon group consisting of 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Preferably, it is a C _1-4 alkyl group, which may be monovalent (such as methyl), divalent (such as methylene) or polyvalent (such as methine). Examples of C _1-3 alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl (Me), ethyl (Et), propyl (including n-propyl and isopropyl), butyl (including n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl and sec-butyl).

Unless otherwise specified, the term "C _1-6 alkoxy" refers to those alkyl groups containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms connected to the rest of the molecule through an oxygen atom. Preferably, it is C _1-3 alkoxy. Examples of C _1-3 alkoxy include, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy (including n-propoxy and isopropoxy), and the like.

Unless otherwise specified, the term "C _1-6 alkylamino" refers to those alkyl groups containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms which are attached to the rest of the molecule via an amino group. Preferably, it is a C _1-3 alkylamino group. Examples of C _1-3 alkylamino groups include, but are not limited to, -NHCH ₃ , -N(CH ₃ ) ₂ , -NHCH ₂ CH ₃ , -N(CH ₃ )CH ₂ CH ₃ , -NHCH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₃ , -NHCH ₂ (CH ₃ ) ₂ and the like.

[0043] The terms "halo" or "halogen," by themselves or as part of another substituent, mean, unless otherwise stated, a fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine atom.

Unless otherwise specified, the terms "5-membered heteroaromatic ring" and "5-membered heteroaryl" are used interchangeably in the present invention. The term "5-membered heteroaryl" refers to a monocyclic group with a conjugated π electron system consisting of 5 ring atoms, 1, 2, 3 or 4 of which are heteroatoms independently selected from O, S and N, and the rest are carbon atoms. The nitrogen atom is optionally quaternized, and the nitrogen and sulfur heteroatoms are optionally oxidized (i.e., NO and S(O) _p , p is 1 or 2). The 5-membered heteroaryl can be connected to the rest of the molecule through a heteroatom or a carbon atom. Examples of the 5-membered heteroaryl group include, but are not limited to, pyrrolyl (including N-pyrrolyl, 2-pyrrolyl and 3-pyrrolyl, etc.), pyrazolyl (including 2-pyrazolyl and 3-pyrazolyl, etc.), imidazolyl (including N-imidazolyl, 2-imidazolyl, 4-imidazolyl and 5-imidazolyl, etc.), oxazolyl (including 2-oxazolyl, 4-oxazolyl and 5-oxazolyl, etc.), triazolyl (1H-1,2,3-triazolyl, 2 H-1,2,3-triazolyl, 1H-1,2,4-triazolyl and 4H-1,2,4-triazolyl, etc.), tetrazolyl, isoxazolyl (3-isoxazolyl, 4-isoxazolyl and 5-isoxazolyl, etc.), thiazolyl (including 2-thiazolyl, 4-thiazolyl and 5-thiazolyl, etc.), furanyl (including 2-furanyl and 3-furanyl, etc.), thienyl (including 2-thienyl and 3-thienyl, etc.).

Unless otherwise specified, _Cn-n+m or _Cn - _Cn+m includes any specific case of n to n+m carbon atoms, for example, _C1-12 includes _C1 , _C2 , _C3 , _C4 , _C5 , _C6 , _C7 , _C8 , _C9 , _C10 , _C11 , and _C12 , and also includes any range from n to n+m, for example, _C1-12 includes _C1-3 , _C1-6 , C1-9, _C3-6 , _C3-9 , _C3-12 , _C6-9 , _C6-12 , and C13 _{. 9-12} , etc.; similarly, n-membered to n+m-membered means that the number of atoms in the ring is n to n+m, for example, 3-12-membered ring includes 3-membered ring, 4-membered ring, 5-membered ring, 6-membered ring, 7-membered ring, 8-membered ring, 9-membered ring, 10-membered ring, 11-membered ring, and 12-membered ring, and also includes any range from n to n+m, for example, 3-12-membered ring includes 3-6-membered ring, 3-9-membered ring, 5-6-membered ring, 5-7-membered ring, 6-7-membered ring, 6-8-membered ring, and 6-10-membered ring, etc.

Unless otherwise specified, "C _3-7 cycloalkyl" means a saturated cyclic hydrocarbon group consisting of 3 to 7 carbon atoms, including monocyclic and bicyclic systems, wherein the bicyclic system includes spirocyclic, fused and bridged rings. The C _3-7 cycloalkyl includes C _3-6 , C _4-6 , C _4-5 , C _5-7 or C _5-6 cycloalkyl, etc.; it can be monovalent, divalent or polyvalent. Examples of C _3-7 cycloalkyl include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, etc.

Unless otherwise specified, the term "3-7 membered heterocycloalkyl" by itself or in combination with other terms refers to a saturated cyclic group consisting of 3 to 7 ring atoms, 1, 2, 3 or 4 of which are heteroatoms independently selected from O, S and N, and the rest are carbon atoms, wherein the nitrogen atom is optionally quaternized, and the nitrogen and sulfur heteroatoms may be optionally oxidized (i.e., NO and S(O) _p , p is 1 or 2). It includes monocyclic and bicyclic ring systems, wherein the bicyclic ring system includes spirocyclic, paracyclic and bridged rings. In addition, with respect to the "3-7 membered heterocycloalkyl", heteroatoms may occupy the position where the heterocycloalkyl is connected to the rest of the molecule. The 3-7 membered heterocycloalkyl includes 5-7 membered, 3 membered, 4 membered, 5 membered, 6 membered and 7 membered heterocycloalkyl, etc. Examples of 3-7 membered heterocycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, thietanyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrazolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl (including tetrahydrothiophen-2-yl and tetrahydrothiophen-3-yl, etc.), tetrahydrofuranyl (including tetrahydrofuran-2-yl, etc.), tetrahydropyranyl, piperidinyl (including 1-piperidinyl, 2-piperidinyl and 3-piperidinyl, etc.), piperazinyl (including 1-piperazinyl and 2-piperazinyl, etc.), morpholinyl (including 3-morpholinyl and 4-morpholinyl, etc.), dioxanyl, dithianyl, isoxazolidinyl, isothiazolidinyl, 1,2-oxazinyl, 1,2-thiazinyl or hexahydropyridazinyl, etc.

Unless otherwise specified, the term "3-7 membered nitrogen-containing heterocycloalkyl" refers to a 3-7 membered heterocycloalkyl group containing at least one nitrogen atom.

Alicyclic refers to a saturated or partially unsaturated all-carbon ring system. Wherein "partially unsaturated" refers to a ring portion including at least one double bond or triple bond, and "partially unsaturated" is intended to cover rings with multiple unsaturated sites, but is not intended to include aryl or heteroaryl moieties as defined herein. Non-limiting examples include cyclopropyl ring, cyclobutyl ring, cyclopentyl ring, cyclopentenyl ring, cyclohexyl ring, cyclohexenyl ring, cyclohexadienyl ring, cycloheptyl ring, cycloheptatrienyl ring, cyclopentanone ring, cyclopentane-1,3-dione ring, etc.

Alicyclic group refers to a saturated or partially unsaturated alicyclic group in which 1, 2 or 3 ring carbon atoms are replaced by heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen or S(O) _t (wherein t is an integer from 0 to 2), but does not include the ring portion of -OO-, -OS- or -SS-, and the remaining ring atoms are carbon. Non-limiting examples include an oxetane ring, an azetidine ring, an oxetane ring, a tetrahydrofuran ring, a tetrahydrothiophene ring, a tetrahydropyrrole ring, a piperidine ring, a pyrroline ring, an oxazolidine ring, a piperazine ring, a dioxolane ring, a dioxane ring, a morpholine ring, a thiomorpholine ring, a thiomorpholine-1,1-dioxide, a tetrahydropyran ring, an azetidine-2-one ring, an oxetane-2-one ring, a pyrrolidine-2-one ring, a pyrrolidine-2,5-dione ring, a piperidine-2-one ring, a dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one ring, a dihydrofuran-2,5-dione ring, a tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one ring, a piperazine-2-one ring, and a morpholine-3-one ring. Non-limiting examples of partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocycles include 1,2-dihydroazetidine ring, 1,2-dihydrooxetadiene ring, 2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole ring, 2,5-dihydrofuran ring, 2,3-dihydrofuran ring, 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrole ring, 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran ring, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridine ring, 3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran ring, 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine ring, 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole ring, 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine ring, 3,4,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-1,4,6-oxadiazolidine ring, 1,6-dihydropyrimidine ring, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-1,3-diazapine ring. Cyclic, 2,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3,5-oxadiazepine Ring, etc.

"Aryl" and "aromatic ring" are used interchangeably, and both refer to an all-carbon monocyclic or fused polycyclic (i.e., rings that share adjacent pairs of carbon atoms) group with a conjugated π electron system, which group may be fused with a cycloalkyl ring, a heterocycloalkyl ring, a cycloalkenyl ring, a heterocycloalkenyl ring, or a heteroaryl group. " _C6-10 aryl" refers to a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and non-limiting examples of aryl include phenyl, naphthyl, and the like.

"Heteroaryl" and "heteroaryl ring" are used interchangeably and refer to a monocyclic, bicyclic or polycyclic 4n+2 aromatic ring system (e.g., having 6 or 10 π electrons shared in a cyclic arrangement) having ring carbon atoms and ring heteroatoms, wherein each heteroatom is independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. In the present invention, heteroaryl also includes a ring system in which the above-mentioned heteroaryl ring is fused with one or more cycloalkyl rings, heterocycloalkyl rings, cycloalkenyl rings, heterocycloalkenyl rings or aromatic rings. The heteroaryl ring may be optionally substituted. "5 to 10 membered heteroaryl" refers to a monocyclic or bicyclic heteroaryl having 5 to 10 ring atoms, wherein 1, 2, 3 or 4 ring atoms are heteroatoms. "5- to 6-membered heteroaryl" refers to a monocyclic heteroaryl group having 5 to 6 ring atoms, wherein 1, 2, 3 or 4 of the ring atoms are heteroatoms, non-limiting examples of which include thienyl, furanyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl, 1,2,5-triazolyl, 1,3,4-triazolyl, tetrazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, 1,2,3-oxadiazolyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,2,5-oxadiazolyl, 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, tetrazinyl. "8- to 10-membered heteroaryl" refers to a bicyclic heteroaryl group having 8 to 10 ring atoms, wherein 1, 2, 3 or 4 of the ring atoms are heteroatoms, non-limiting examples of which include indolyl, isoindolyl, indazolyl, benzotriazolyl, benzothiophenyl, isobenzothiophenyl, benzofuranyl, benzisofuranyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, The term "heteroatom" refers to nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur. In heteroaryl groups containing one or more nitrogen atoms, the point of attachment may be a carbon or nitrogen atom, as valence permits. Heteroaryl bicyclic ring systems may include one or more heteroatoms in one or both rings.

The term "leaving group" refers to a functional group or atom that can be replaced by another functional group or atom through a substitution reaction (e.g., a nucleophilic substitution reaction). For example, representative leaving groups include trifluoromethanesulfonate; chlorine, bromine, iodine; sulfonate groups, such as mesylate, tosylate, p-brosylate, p-toluenesulfonate, etc.; acyloxy groups, such as acetoxy, trifluoroacetoxy, etc.

The term "protecting group" includes, but is not limited to, "amino protecting group", "hydroxy protecting group" or "thiol protecting group". The term "amino protecting group" refers to a protecting group suitable for preventing side reactions at the amino nitrogen position. Representative amino protecting groups include, but are not limited to: formyl; acyl, such as alkanoyl (such as acetyl, trichloroacetyl or trifluoroacetyl); alkoxycarbonyl, such as tert-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc); arylmethoxycarbonyl, such as benzyloxycarbonyl (Cbz) and 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc); arylmethyl, such as benzyl (Bn), trityl (Tr), 1,1-bis-(4'-methoxyphenyl)methyl; silyl, such as trimethylsilyl (TMS) and tert-butyldimethylsilyl (TBS), etc. The term "hydroxy protecting group" refers to a protecting group suitable for preventing side reactions of the hydroxyl group. Representative hydroxy protecting groups include, but are not limited to, alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl and tert-butyl; acyl groups such as alkanoyl (e.g., acetyl); arylmethyl groups such as benzyl (Bn), p-methoxybenzyl (PMB), 9-fluorenylmethyl (Fm) and diphenylmethyl (diphenylmethyl, DPM); silyl groups such as trimethylsilyl (TMS) and tert-butyldimethylsilyl (TBS), and the like.

Unless otherwise defined, the "substituents independently selected from..." mentioned in the present invention means that when more than one hydrogen on a group is replaced by a substituent, the substituents may be the same or different in type, and the substituents selected are independently of each other.

Generally, the compound of the present invention or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or its stereoisomer can be used in a suitable dosage form with one or more pharmaceutical carriers. These dosage forms are suitable for oral, rectal, topical, oral and other parenteral administration (e.g., subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, etc.). For example, dosage forms suitable for oral administration include capsules, tablets, granules and syrups. The compounds of the present invention contained in these preparations can be solid powders or particles; solutions or suspensions in aqueous or non-aqueous liquids; water-in-oil or water-in-oil emulsions, etc. The above dosage forms can be made from active compounds and one or more carriers or excipients via a common pharmaceutical method. The above carriers need to be compatible with the active compounds or other excipients. For solid preparations, commonly used non-toxic carriers include but are not limited to mannitol, lactose, starch, magnesium stearate, cellulose, glucose, sucrose, etc. Carriers for liquid preparations include water, saline, aqueous glucose solution, ethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol, etc. The active compound can form a solution or suspension with the above carriers.

The compositions of the present invention are formulated, dosed and administered in a manner consistent with medical practice. The "therapeutically effective amount" of the compound administered is determined by factors such as the specific condition to be treated, the individual being treated, the cause of the condition, the target of the drug, and the mode of administration.

"Therapeutically effective amount" refers to the amount of the compound of the present invention that will elicit a biological or medical response in a subject, such as reducing or inhibiting enzyme or protein activity or improving symptoms, alleviating symptoms, slowing or delaying disease progression, or preventing disease.

The therapeutically effective amount of the compound of the present invention or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or its stereoisomer contained in the pharmaceutical composition or the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is preferably 0.1 mg-5 g/kg (body weight).

"Patient" refers to an animal, preferably a mammal, more preferably a human. The term "mammal" refers to warm-blooded vertebrate mammals, including, for example, cats, dogs, rabbits, bears, foxes, wolves, monkeys, deer, mice, pigs and humans.

"Treatment" means to lessen, slow the progression, attenuate, prevent, or maintain an existing disease or condition (eg, cancer). Treatment also includes curing, preventing the development of, or alleviating to some extent, one or more symptoms of a disease or condition.

The compounds of the present invention can be prepared by a variety of synthetic methods well known to those skilled in the art, including the specific embodiments listed below, embodiments formed by combining them with other chemical synthetic methods, and equivalent substitutions well known to those skilled in the art. Preferred embodiments include but are not limited to the examples of the present invention.

The structure of the compound of the present invention can be confirmed by conventional methods known to those skilled in the art. If the present invention relates to the absolute configuration of the compound, the absolute configuration can be confirmed by conventional technical means in the art. For example, single crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) is used to collect diffraction intensity data of the cultured single crystal using a Bruker D8 venture diffractometer, the light source is CuKα radiation, and the scanning mode is: After scanning and collecting relevant data, the crystal structure is further analyzed using the direct method (Shelxs97) to confirm the absolute configuration.

The solvent used in the present invention can be obtained commercially. The present invention uses the following abbreviations: _N2 represents nitrogen; DMSO represents dimethyl sulfoxide; Pd(dppf) _Cl2 represents 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocenepalladium dichloride; DIEA represents N,N-diisopropylethylamine; THF represents tetrahydrofuran; EtOAc represents ethyl acetate; FA represents formic acid; TFA represents trifluoroacetic acid; Select-F represents selective fluorine reagent; tBuOK represents potassium tert-butoxide; HCl represents hydrochloric acid; MeOH represents methanol.

Compounds are named according to the conventional nomenclature in the art or using The software names were used, and commercially available compounds were named using the supplier's catalog names.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and/or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

The present invention also provides a use of the above compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof in the preparation of a drug for treating and/or preventing a disease associated with CDK2 activity or mediated by CDK2 activity.

In one specific example, the disease associated with or mediated by CDK2 activity is cancer.

In a specific example, the cancer is one or more of ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, endometrial cancer, and breast cancer.

The present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition, comprising the above compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

It is understandable that within the scope of the present invention, the above-mentioned technical features of the present invention and the technical features specifically described below (such as embodiments) can be combined with each other to form a new or preferred technical solution. Due to space limitations, they will not be described one by one here.

The pyrazole derivatives and the preparation method of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with specific examples. The raw materials used in the following examples are all commercially available products unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

This embodiment provides compound 1, whose structural formula is as follows:

The reaction route is as follows:

Step 1:

Dissolve compound 1-1 (250 g, 1.76 mol, 1.00 eq) in anhydrous methanol (1.00 L), and add trimethyl orthoformate (1.31 kg, 12.3 mol, 1.35 L, 7.00 eq) and p-toluenesulfonic acid (6.06 g, 35.2 mmol, 0.02 eq) in sequence. React at 25 ° C for 30 hours. Slowly pour the reaction solution into a saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution (300 mL), concentrate the mixed solution, remove excess methanol, and extract twice with ethyl acetate (200 mL x 2). Combine the organic phases, wash twice with saturated brine (100 mL x 2), dry over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter, and concentrate the filtrate to obtain compound 1-3.

Step 2:

At room temperature, acetonitrile (139 g, 3.40 mol, 179 mL, 2.00 eq) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (700 mL), cooled to -68 ° C, and n-butyl lithium, 2.5 M n-hexane solution (2.50 M, 1.36 L, 2.00 eq) was added under N ₂ protection, stirred at -68 ° C for 1 hour, and compound 1-3 (320 g, 1.70 mol, 1.00 eq) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (300 mL) and added. The air was replaced with N ₂ for 3 times, and the reaction was carried out at -68 ° C for 1 hour under N ₂ conditions. The reaction solution was slowly poured into ice water (2.00 L), the pH was adjusted to 7 with 1 M hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, and extracted 3 times with ethyl acetate (1.50 L x 3). The organic phases were combined, washed twice with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (700 mL x 2), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated to obtain compound 1-4. 1H NMR: CDCl ₃ , 400 MHz δppm 3.52 (s, 2H), 3.20 (d, J＝2.40 Hz, 6H), 2.08 (d, J＝8.40 Hz, 3H), 1.97-2.04 (m, 1H), 1.83-1.92 (m, 3H).

Step 3:

At room temperature, sodium hydroxide (73.0 g, 1.83 mol, 1.20 eq) was dissolved in ethanol (500 mL), tert-butyl hydrazine salt (227 g, 1.83 mol, 1.20 eq) was added under N ₂ protection, stirred at 25°C for 1 hour, and compound 1-4 (320 g, 1.70 mol, 1.00 eq) was dissolved in ethanol (250 mL) and added. The air was replaced with N ₂ for 3 times, and the reaction was carried out at 75°C for 15 hours under N ₂ conditions. The reaction solution was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated to obtain compound 1-5.

Step 4:

At room temperature, compound 1-5 (425 g, 1.59 mol, 1.00 eq) was dissolved in acetonitrile (1.00 L), and benzyl chloroformate (542 g, 3.18 mol, 452 mL, 2.00 eq) was added under _N2 protection, and stirred at 25°C for 2 hours. Sodium bicarbonate (401 g, 4.77 mol, 185 mL, 3.00 eq) was added to the reaction system. The air was replaced with N2 three times, and the reaction was carried out at 25°C for 11 hours under _N2 conditions. The reaction mixture was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain compound 1-6. MS (ESI) m/z = 356.1 [M + H] ⁺ .

Step 5:

At room temperature, compound 1-6 (758 g, 1.89 mol, 1.00 eq) and p-toluenesulfonic acid (39.0 g, 226 mmol, 0.12 eq) were dissolved in water (1.00 L) and acetone (1.00 L), and the air was replaced by N ₂ for 3 times, and stirred at 60 ° C for 10 hours. The mixed solution was concentrated, the excess acetone was removed, and it was extracted 3 times with dichloromethane (300 mL x3). The organic phases were combined, washed twice with saturated brine (200 mL x2), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated to obtain a crude product. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (100-200 mesh silica gel, petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 100: 1 to 1: 100, product: Rf = 0.30) to obtain compound 1-7. MS (ESI) m/z = 356.0 [M + H] ⁺ .

Step 6:

At room temperature, compound 1-7 (177 g, 497 mmol, 1.00 eq) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (900 mL), cooled to -68 ° C, and lithium triethylborohydride, 1M tetrahydrofuran solution (1M, 996 mL, 2.00 eq) was added under N ₂ protection, and stirred at -68 ° C for 1.5 hours. The temperature was controlled to -30 ° C, and saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution (900 mL) was slowly dripped into the reaction system. The temperature was controlled to -10 ° C, and hydrogen peroxide (362 g, 3.20 mol, 307 mL, 30% purity, 6.42 eq) was slowly dripped into the reaction system. After reacting at 10 ° C for 1 hour, ensure that lithium triethylborohydride, 1M tetrahydrofuran solution is completely quenched. After the reaction is complete, extract with ethyl acetate (1000 mL x 3), combine the organic phases, and slowly pour the organic phases into the saturated sodium sulfite solution under stirring, paying attention to the exothermic flushing. Use moistened starch potassium iodide test paper to check the oxidation property, ensure that the test paper does not turn blue, then wash the organic phase twice with sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution, wash with saturated brine, dry with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter and concentrate to obtain a crude product. Extract with ethyl acetate (1.00L x 3) 3 times. Combine the organic phases, wash twice with saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution (700mL x 2), dry with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter, and concentrate the filtrate to obtain a crude product. The crude product is purified by column chromatography (100-200 mesh silica gel, petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 100: 1 to 1: 100, product: Rf = 0.40) to obtain the target product. The product is chirally separated to obtain compound 1-8. MS (ESI) m/z = 358.7 [M + H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR: DMSO-d6, 400MHzδppm 9.06 (s, 1H), 7.27-7.46 (m, 5H), 5.92 (s, 1H), 5.12 (s, 2H), 4.56 (d, J = 4.4Hz, 1H), 4.10-4.19 (m, 1H), 2.89 (t, J = 8.0Hz, 1H), 2.14-2.23(m,1H),1.80-1.91(m,1H),1.65-1.78(m,2H),1.52-1.62(m,2H),1.48(s,9H),1.04(d,J＝6.2Hz,1H).

Step 7:

Compound 1-8 (43.0 g, 120.mmol, 1.00 eq) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (100 mL), and triethylamine (36.5 g, 360 mmol, 50.2 mL, 3.00 eq) and isopropyl isocyanate (40.9 g, 481 mmol, 47.2 mL, 4.00 eq) were added in sequence. The mixture was reacted at 80 °C for 10 hours. The reaction solution was slowly poured into water (100 mL) and extracted twice with dichloromethane (100 mL x 2). The organic phases were combined, washed twice with saturated brine (50.0 mL x 2), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated to obtain a crude product. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (100-200 mesh silica gel, petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 100: 1 to 2: 1, product: Rf = 0.3). Compound 1-10 was obtained. MS(ESI)m/z=443.8[M+H] ⁺ . ^1H NMR:DMSO-d6,400MHz

δppm 9.07(s,1H),7.23-7.46(m,5H),6.92(d,J＝8.0Hz,1H),5.93(s,1H),5.11(s,2H),3.55-3.62(m,1H ),2.90-2.99(m,1H),2.36(t,J＝16,8.0Hz,1H),1.89-1.97(m,1H),1.84(td,J＝8.0,4.4Hz,1H),1.56- 1.75(m,4H),1.47(s,9H),1.02(d,J＝6.6Hz,6H).

Step 8:

Compound 1-10 (32.0 g, 72.3 mmol, 1.00 eq) was dissolved in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (100 mL), the air was replaced with nitrogen three times, and wet palladium carbon (4.00 g, 50% purity) was added. The nitrogen was replaced with hydrogen (15 psi) three times. The mixture was reacted at 25°C and hydrogen (15 psi) for 2 hours. The reaction solution was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated to obtain compound 1-11. MS (ESI) m/z = 309.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

¹ H NMR: CDCl ₃ ,400MHzδppm 6.90(d,J＝8.0Hz,1H),5.22(s,1H),4.70(s,2H),3.52-3.60(m,1H),2.78(s,1H), 2.25-2.33(m,1H),1.51-1.89(m,6H),1.47(s,9H),1.03(d,J＝6.4Hz,6H).

Step 9:

At 0°C, NaH (3.65 g, 91.2 mmol, 60.0% purity, 1.20 eq) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (50.0 mL), and compound 1-12 (14.0 g, 76.0 mmol, 1.00 eq) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (50.0 mL) and then added dropwise to the reaction solution. After reacting at 25°C for 1 hour, the temperature was lowered to 0°C, and MeI (53.9 g, 380 mmol, 23.6 mL, 5.00 eq) was added dropwise, and the reaction was continued at room temperature for 11 hours. 100 mL of NH ₄ Cl solution was slowly added at 0°C, and then extracted with dichloromethane (100 mL) for 3 times. The organic phases were combined, washed 3 times with saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution (150 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated to obtain compound 1-13. m/z=166.8 (M-31) ⁺ . ¹ H NMR: (400MHz, CDCl ₃ ) δ 6.81 (s, 1H), 4.42 (s, 2H), 4.34-4.29 (m, 2H), 4.13 (s, 3H), 3.37 (s, 3H), 1.35 (t, J = 7.2Hz, 3H).

Step 10:

At 25°C, compound 1-13 (14.0 g, 648 μmol, 1.00 eq) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (75.0 mL) and water (25.0 mL), and LiOH.H ₂ O (3.11 g, 74.1 mmol, 1.05 eq) was added, and the mixture was reacted at 25°C for 12 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove tetrahydrofuran, and the pH was adjusted to 1 with hydrochloric acid, and then extracted with ethyl acetate (150 mL) for 3 times. The organic phases were combined, washed 3 times with saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution (200 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated to obtain compound 1-14. m/z=139.0 (M-31) ⁺ . ¹ H NMR: (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ )δ6.98 (s, 1H), 4.49 (s, 2H), 4.19 (s, 3H), 3.43 (s, 3H).

Step 11:

At 25°C, compound 1-11 (16.0 g, 51.8 mmol, 1.00 eq) and compound 1-14 (9.71 g, 57.0 mmol, 1.10 eq) were dissolved in DMF (80.0 mL), HATU (21.7 g, 57.0 mmol, 1.10 eq) and DIEA (20.1 g, 155 mmol, 27.1 mL, 3.00 eq) were added, and stirred at 25°C for 10 hours. The reaction solution was diluted with water (300 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (200 mL) three times. The organic phases were combined, washed three times with saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution (250 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated to obtain a crude product, which was purified by column chromatography (SiO ₂ , petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 1:1, product: Rf = 0.19) to obtain compound 1-15. m/z = 215.7 (M+H) ⁺ . ¹ H NMR: (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ9.91(s,1H),7.95(s,1H),7.01(s,1H),6.02(s,1H),4.99(br s,1H),4.37(s,2H),3.62-3.53(m,1H),2.89(s,3H),2.73(s,3H ), 2.43-2.32(m,1H),1.81-1.61(m,6H),1.51(s,9H),1.03(br d,J＝6.4Hz,6H).

Step 12:

At room temperature, compound 1-15 (14.4 g, 31.2 mmol, 1.00 eq) was dissolved in formic acid (500 mL) and reacted at 100°C for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove formic acid to obtain a crude product, which was purified by prep-HPLC (FA condition) and lyophilized to obtain 1-16. m/z = 405.3 (M+H) ⁺ . ¹ H NMR: (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ12.22(br s,1H),10.72(br s,1H),7.11(br s,1H),6.95(br d,J＝6.8Hz,1H),6.42(br s,1H),5.00(br s,1H),4.33(s,2H),4.05(s ,3H),3.58(qd,J＝6.8,13.6Hz,1H),3.27(s,3H),3.14-3.00(m,1H),2.08-1.53(m,6H),1.03(br d,J＝6.4Hz,6H).

Step 13:

At 0°C, compound 1-16 (161 mg, 398 μmol, 1.00 eq) was dissolved in dichloromethane (2.00 mL), and BBr ₃ (99.7 mg, 398.μmol, 38.3 μL, 1.00 eq) was added dropwise at 0°C. The mixture was reacted at 25°C for 2 hours. 2.00 mL of H ₂ O solution was slowly added at 0°C, and the mixture was extracted 3 times with dichloromethane (5.00 mL*3). The organic phases were combined, washed 3 times with saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution (8.00 mL*3), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated to obtain compound 1-17. MS (ESI) m/z=478.0 [M+H] ⁺ .

Step 14:

t-BuOK (123 mg, 1.10 mmol, 5.00 eq) and compound 1-18 (293 mg, 2.21 mmol, 10.0 eq) were added to a tetrahydrofuran (1.00 mL) solution of compound 1-17 (100 mg, 220 μmol, 1.00 eq) and stirred at 0°C for 10 min. 50.0 mL of H ₂ O was added to the reaction system for dilution, extracted three times with EtOAc 45.0 mL (15.0 mL*3), then washed three times with saturated sodium chloride solution 45.0 mL (15.0 mL*3), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product, compound 1-19. MS (ESI) m/z=506.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Step 15:

Compound 1-19 (100 mg, 197 μmol, 1.0 eq) was dissolved in HCl/EtOAc (1.00 mL) and stirred at 25°C for 1 hour. 50.0 mL H ₂ O was added to the reaction system for dilution, extracted three times with 45.0 mL (15.0 mL*3) of EtOAc, then washed three times with 45.0 mL (15.0 mL*3) of saturated sodium chloride solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product, Compound 1-20. MS (ESI) m/z=406.1[M+H] ⁺ .

Step 16:

Paraformaldehyde (59.2 mg, 1.97 mmol, 10.0 eq) was added to a solution of compound 1-20 (80.0 mg, 197 μmol, 1.00 eq) in MeOH (0.80 mL) and H ₂ O (0.20 mL), and stirred at 25°C for 1 hour. 10.0 mL H ₂ O was added to the reaction system for dilution, extracted three times with EtOAc 15.0 mL (5.00 mL*3), then washed three times with saturated sodium chloride solution 15.0 mL (5.00 mL*3), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product. The crude product was purified by HPLC (FA conditions: column: Phenomenexluna C18 150*25.0 mm*10.0 μm; mobile phase: [water (FA)-ACN]; gradient: 24.0%-54.0% B over 10 min) to obtain compound 1. MS(ESI)m/z=418.1[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR: DMSO-d6, 400MHz δ = 10.26-10.24 (m, 1H), 8.77 (br d, J = 4.4Hz, 2H), 8.47-8.43 (m, 1H), 8.03-8.00 (m, 1H), 7.94-7.89 (m, 2H), 7.77 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 2H) ,7.19(s,2H),2.92(s,3H),2.87(d,J＝4.8Hz,3H),2.75(d,J＝2.4Hz,3H).

Example 2

This embodiment provides compound 2, whose structural formula is as follows:

The reaction route is as follows:

Step 1:

Compound 2-1 (2.62 g, 19.6 mmol, 1.5 eq) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (30.0 mL), then cooled to 0 degrees, and NaH (2.10 g, 52.3 mmol, 60% purity, 4.0 eq) was slowly added to the reaction solution and stirred for 30 minutes. Compound 1-18 (3.0 g, 13.1 mmol, 1.0 eq) was then dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (10.0 mL), slowly added to the reaction solution, and then stirred at 25 degrees for 1 hour. The reaction solution was slowly added to an ice saturated ammonium chloride solution (50.0 mL) to quench, extracted with ethyl acetate (50.0 mL*3), and the organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product. The crude product was purified by reverse phase (0.1% FA) to obtain compound 2-2. MS (ESI) m/z = 303.9 [M + 23] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR: (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ = 12.67-11.94 (m, 1H), 10.03 (br s, 1H), 7.37-7.20 (m, 4H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 3.56 (s, 2H), 1.40 (s, 9H).

Step 2:

Compound 1-11 (300 mg, 972 μmol, 1.0 eq), compound 2-2 (328 mg, 1.17 mmol, 1.2 eq), DIEA (377 mg, 2.92 mmol, 508 μL, 3.0 eq), HATU (443 mg, 1.17 mmol, 1.2 eq) were dissolved in DMF (5.0 mL) and stirred at 20 ° C in a N2 atmosphere for 8 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with 10.0 mL of water, extracted with ethyl acetate (10.0 mL*3), and the organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a residue. Compound 2-3 was purified by preparative high performance liquid chromatography (TFA conditions: Welch Xtimate C18150*25.0 mm*5.0 μm; mobile phase: [water(TFA)-ACN]; gradient: 42.0%-72.0% B over10.0 min). MS (ESI) m/z = 572.7 [M+H] ⁺ .

Step 3:

Compound 2-3 (100 mg, 174 μmol, 1.0 eq) was dissolved in ethyl hydrochloride (4.0 M, 1.0 mL, 22.8 eq), and then replaced with nitrogen three times, and the reaction solution was stirred at 25°C for 1 hour. The reaction solution was directly concentrated to obtain a crude product compound 2-4. MS (ESI) m/z = 472.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Step 4:

Compound 2-4 (90.0 mg, 177 μmol, 1.0 eq, HCl) and paraformaldehyde (53.1 mg, 1.77 mmol, 10.0 eq) were dissolved in a mixed solvent of methanol (1.0 mL) and water (0.20 mL), replaced with nitrogen three times, and the reaction solution was reacted at 25°C for 8 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with H ₂ O (2.0 mL), extracted with ethyl acetate (3.0 mL*3), and the organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product compound 2-5. MS (ESI) m/z = 484.6 [M + H] ⁺ .

Step 5:

Compound 2-5 (50.0 mg, 103 μmol, 1.0 eq) was dissolved in formic acid (0.5 mL), replaced with N ₂ three times, and then stirred at 80°C for 5 minutes. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product. The trifluoroacetate salt of compound 2 was purified by preparative HPLC (TFA conditions: column: Welch Xtimate C18150*25.0 mm*5.0 μm; mobile phase: [water (TFA)-ACN]; gradient: 27.0%-57.0% Bover 10.0 min)). MS (ESI) m/z = 428.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR: (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ = 10.51 (br s, 1H), 7.30-7.06 (m, 4H), 6.98-6.87 (m, 1H), 6.60 (d, J = 7.6Hz, 1H), 6.26 (s, 1H), 5.12-4.85 (m, 3H), 3.57 (s, 4H) ,3.15-2.91(m,1H),2.46-2.39(m,1H),2.03-1.37(m,6H),1.01(br d,J＝6.0Hz,6H).

Example 3

This example provides compound 3, whose structural formula is as follows:

The reaction route is as follows:

Step 1:

At 25°C, compound 1-17 (100 mg, 220 μmol, 1.00 eq) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (1.00 mL), compound 3-1 (147 mg, 1.76 mmol, 133 μL, 8.00 eq) and DIEA (85.5 mg, 661 μmol, 115 μL, 3.00 eq) were added, and the mixture was reacted at 50°C for 12 hours. Water (2.00 mL) was added to the reaction mixture, and then extracted with ethyl acetate (5.00 mL*3) for 3 times. The organic phases were combined, washed 3 times with saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution (8.00 mL*3), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated to obtain a crude product, which was subjected to prep-HPLC (FA condition) to obtain compound 3. MS (ESI) m/z = 420.1 (M+H) ⁺ . ¹ H NMR: (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ12.31-12.11(m,1H),10.72(br s,1H),7.10(s,1H),6.95(br d,J＝7.2Hz,1H),6.76(br t,J＝5.6Hz,1H),6.45-6.35(m,1H),5.05- 4.94(m,1H),4.02(s,3H),3.86(d,J＝5.6Hz,2H),3.58(qd,J＝6.8,13.6Hz,1H),3.39(s,3H),3.14-3.01(m,1H),2.05-1.61(m,6H),1.03(d,J＝6.4Hz,6H ).

Example 4

This embodiment provides compound 4, whose structural formula is as follows:

The reaction route is as follows:

Step 1:

At 25°C, compound 1-17 (100 mg, 220 μmol, 1.00 eq) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (1.00 mL), compound 4-1 (172 mg, 1.76 mmol, 8.00 eq) and DIEA (285 mg, 2.21 mmol, 384 μL, 10.0 eq) were added, and the mixture was reacted at 50°C for 12 hours. Water (2.00 mL) was added to the reaction mixture, and then extracted with ethyl acetate (5.00 mL*3) for 3 times. The organic phases were combined, washed 3 times with saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution (8.00 mL*3), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated to obtain a crude product, which was subjected to prep-HPLC (FA condition) to obtain compound 4. MS (ESI) m/z = 434.2 (M+H) ⁺ . ¹ H NMR: (400MHz, DMSO-d6) δ12.36-12.18(m,1H),10.79-10.69(m,1H),7.21-7.04(m,1H),7.03-6.91(m,1H),6.41(br s,1H),5.07-4.94(m,1H),4.03(s, 3H),3.72(s,2H),3.62-3.53(m,1H),3.37(s,3H),3.14-3.00(m,1H),2.54(s,3H),2.04-1.61(m,6H),1.03(br d,J＝6.0Hz,6H).

In vitro activity test

Experimental Example 1: In vitro CDK2/CyclinE enzyme activity test

Experimental Materials:

CDK2/CyclinE 1 was purchased from Syngenecon. Ulight-4E-BP1 peptide, Eu-anti-phospho-tyrosine antibody, and 1X detection buffer were purchased from PerkinElmer. High-purity ATP was purchased from Promega. EDTA was purchased from Sigma. Nivo multi-label analyzer (PerkinElmer).

Experimental methods:

Preparation of kinase buffer: Kinase buffer contains 50 mM HEPES, 1 mM EDTA, 10 mM MgCl ₂ , 0.01% Brij-35, pH 7.4. Add 2.38 g HEPES, 58 mg EDTA, 406 mg MgCl ₂ , 20 mg Brij-35 to 200 ml buffer and adjust the pH to 7.4.

Stop solution preparation:

Use 100 μL of 1M EDTA stock solution, 0.625 μL of 1X detection buffer and 1725 μL of distilled water to prepare the stop solution.

Use kinase buffer to dilute the enzyme, Ulight-4E-BP1 peptide, ATP and inhibitor. Use detection buffer to dilute Eu-anti-phospho-tyrosine antibody to a concentration of 8nM/L. Use a gun to dilute the test compound 5 times to the 8th concentration, that is, from 4μM to 0.0512nM, the final DMSO concentration is 4%, and a double-well experiment is set up. Add 2.5μL of inhibitor concentration gradients, 5μLCDK2/CyclinE 1 enzyme (10ng), 2.5μL of a mixture of substrate and ATP (4mMATP, 100nM Ulight-4E-BP1 peptide) to the microplate. At this time, the final concentration gradient of the compound is 1μM diluted to 0.0128Nm, and the final concentrations of ATP and substrate are 1mM and 25nM. The reaction system is placed at 25 degrees for 120 minutes. After the reaction, 5 μL of stop solution was added to each well, and the reaction was continued at 25 degrees for 5 minutes. After the reaction was completed, 5 μL of Eu-anti-phospho-tyrosine antibody dilution was added to each well. After the reaction was completed at 25 degrees for 60 minutes, the PerkinElmer Nivo multi-label analyzer TR-FRET mode was used for data acquisition (excitation wavelength was 320 nm, emission wavelengths were 615 nm and 665 nm).

Data Analysis:

The raw data were converted into inhibition rate using the equation (Sample-Min)/(Max-Min)*100%, and the _IC50 value was obtained by four-parameter curve fitting (obtained by log(inhibitor) vs.response--Variable slope mode in GraphPad Prism). Table 1 provides the inhibitory activity of the compounds of the present invention on CDK2/CyclinE1 enzyme.

Experimental Example 2: In vitro CDK1/CyclinB1 enzyme activity test

Experimental Materials:

CDK1/CyclinB 1 was purchased from CARNA. Ulight-4E-BP1 peptide, Eu-anti-phospho-tyrosine antibody, and 1X detection buffer were purchased from PerkinElmer. High-purity ATP was purchased from Promega. EDTA was purchased from Sigma. Nivo multi-label analyzer (PerkinElmer).

Experimental methods:

Preparation of kinase buffer: Kinase buffer contains 50mM HEPES, 1mM EDTA, 10mM MgCl2, 0.01% Brij-35, pH7.4. Add 2.38g HEPES, 58mg EDTA, 406mg MgCl2, 20mg Brij-35 to 200ml buffer and adjust the pH to 7.4.

Stop solution preparation:

Use 100 μL of 1M EDTA stock solution, 0.625 μL of 1X detection buffer and 1725 μL of distilled water to prepare the stop solution.

Dilute the enzyme, Ulight-4E-BP1 peptide, ATP and inhibitors in kinase buffer.

Dilute Eu-anti-phospho-tyrosine antibody to 8 nM/L in assay buffer.

The compound to be tested was diluted 5-fold to the 8th concentration using a gun, i.e., from 4 μM to 0.0512 nM, with a final DMSO concentration of 4%, and a double-well experiment was set up. 2.5 μL of inhibitor concentration gradients, 5 μL of LCDK1/CyclinB1 enzyme (0.5 ng), and 2.5 μL of a mixture of substrate and ATP (4 mM ATP, 200 nM Ulight-4E-BP1 polypeptide) were added to the microplate. At this time, the final compound concentration gradient was 1 μM diluted to 0.0128 nM, and the final concentrations of ATP and substrate were 1 mM and 50 nM. The reaction system was placed at 25 degrees for 60 minutes. After the reaction, 5 μL of stop solution was added to each well, and the reaction was continued at 25 degrees for 5 minutes. After the reaction was completed, 5 μL of Eu-anti-phospho-tyrosine antibody dilution was added to each well. After the reaction was completed at 25 degrees for 60 minutes, the PerkinElmer Nivo multi-label analyzer TR-FRET mode was used for data acquisition (excitation wavelength was 320 nm, emission wavelengths were 615 nm and 665 nm).

Data Analysis:

The raw data were converted into inhibition rate using the equation (Sample-Min)/(Max-Min)*100%, and the _IC50 value was obtained by four-parameter curve fitting (obtained by log(inhibitor) vs.response--Variable slope mode in GraphPad Prism). Table 1 provides the inhibitory activity of the compounds of the present invention on CDK1/CyclinB1 enzyme.

Experimental Example 3: In vitro OVCAR3 cell activity test

Experimental Materials:

1640 culture medium, fetal bovine serum, and penicillin/streptomycin antibiotics were purchased from Vicente. CellTiter-Glo (cell viability chemiluminescence detection reagent) reagent was purchased from Promega. OVCAR3 cell line was purchased from Nanjing Kebai Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Envision multi-label analyzer (PerkinElmer).

Experimental methods:

OVCAR3 cells were seeded in a white 384-well plate, with 40 μL of cell suspension per well, containing 300 OVCAR3 cells. The cell plate was placed in a carbon dioxide incubator for overnight culture.

The compound to be tested was diluted 5-fold to the 8th concentration, that is, from 2000μM to 0.00512μM, using a dispenser, and a double-well experiment was set up. 78μL of culture medium was added to the middle plate, and then 2μL of the gradient diluted compound per well was transferred to the middle plate according to the corresponding position. After mixing, 10μL of each well was transferred to the cell plate. The concentration range of the compound transferred to the cell plate was 10μM to 0.026nM. The cell plate was placed in a carbon dioxide incubator and cultured for 7 days. Prepare another cell plate, and read the signal value on the day of drug addition as the maximum value (Max value in the equation below) for data analysis. Add 10μL of cell viability chemiluminescence detection reagent to each well of this cell plate and incubate at room temperature for 10 minutes to stabilize the luminescence signal. Readings were taken using a multi-label analyzer.

Add 10 μL of cell viability chemiluminescent detection reagent to each well of the cell plate and incubate at room temperature for 10 minutes to stabilize the luminescent signal. Read using a multi-label analyzer.

Data Analysis:

The raw data were converted into inhibition rate using the equation (Sample-Min)/(Max-Min)*100%, and the _IC50 value was obtained by four-parameter curve fitting (obtained in the "log (inhibitor) vs. response--Variable slope" mode in GraphPad Prism). Table 1 provides the inhibitory activity of the compounds of the present invention on OVCAR3 cell proliferation.

Experimental Example 4: In vitro T47D cell activity test

Experimental Materials:

1640 culture medium, fetal bovine serum, and penicillin/streptomycin antibiotics were purchased from Vicente. CellTiter-Glo (cell viability chemiluminescence detection reagent) reagent was purchased from Promega. T-47D cell line was purchased from Nanjing Kebai Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Envision multi-label analyzer (PerkinElmer).

Experimental methods:

T-47D cells were seeded in a white 384-well plate, with 40 μL of cell suspension per well, containing 300 T-47D cells. The cell plate was placed in a carbon dioxide incubator for overnight culture.

The compound to be tested was diluted 5-fold to the 8th concentration, that is, from 2000μM to 0.00512μM, using a dispenser, and a double-well experiment was set up. 78μL of culture medium was added to the middle plate, and then 2μL of the gradient diluted compound per well was transferred to the middle plate according to the corresponding position. After mixing, 10μL of each well was transferred to the cell plate. The concentration range of the compound transferred to the cell plate was 10μM to 0.026nM. The cell plate was placed in a carbon dioxide incubator and cultured for 7 days. Prepare another cell plate, and read the signal value on the day of drug addition as the maximum value (Max value in the equation below) for data analysis. Add 10μL of cell viability chemiluminescence detection reagent to each well of this cell plate and incubate at room temperature for 10 minutes to stabilize the luminescence signal. Readings were taken using a multi-label analyzer.

Add 10 μL of cell viability chemiluminescent detection reagent to each well of the cell plate and incubate at room temperature for 10 minutes to stabilize the luminescent signal. Read using a multi-label analyzer.

Data Analysis:

The raw data were converted into inhibition rate using the equation (Sample-Min)/(Max-Min)*100%, and the _IC50 value was obtained by four-parameter curve fitting (obtained by "log(inhibitor) vs.response--Variable slope" mode in GraphPad Prism). Table 1 provides the inhibitory activity of the compounds of the present invention on T-47D cell proliferation.

Table 1

Results and conclusions: The compounds of the present invention have good in vitro activity and good selectivity for CDK2.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, which are convenient for understanding the technical solutions of the present invention in detail, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood that the technical solutions obtained by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the technical solutions provided by the present invention are all within the protection scope of the claims attached to the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be based on the contents of the attached claims, and the description can be used to interpret the contents of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A compound represented by formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof: in: Ar is selected from substituted or unsubstituted aromatic groups having 6 to 30 C atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl groups having 3 to 30 C atoms; _R1 is selected from a single bond, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms, a linear deuterated alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms, or a branched deuterated alkyl group having 3 to 20 C atoms; _R2 is selected from any one of the following structures: _R is selected from linear alkyl having 1 to 20 C atoms, linear deuterated alkyl having 1 to 20 C atoms, branched alkyl having 3 to 20 C atoms, branched deuterated alkyl having 3 to 20 C atoms, cyclic alkyl having 3 to 20 C atoms, cyclic deuterated alkyl having 3 to 20 C atoms, linear alkoxy having 1 to 20 C atoms, linear deuterated alkoxy having 1 to 20 C atoms, branched alkoxy having 3 to 20 C atoms, branched deuterated alkoxy having 3 to 20 C atoms, cyclic alkoxy having 3 to 20 C atoms, cyclic deuterated alkoxy having 3 to 20 C atoms, or a combination of these systems; R is selected from -H, -D, linear alkyl having 1 to 20 C atoms, linear deuterated alkyl having 1 to 20 C atoms, branched alkyl having 3 to 20 C atoms, branched deuterated alkyl having 3 to 20 C atoms, cyclic alkyl having ₃ to 20 C atoms, cyclic deuterated alkyl having 3 to 20 C atoms, linear alkoxy having 1 to 20 C atoms, linear deuterated alkoxy having 1 to 20 C atoms, branched alkoxy having 3 to 20 C atoms, branched deuterated alkoxy having 3 to 20 C atoms, cyclic alkoxy having 3 to 20 C atoms, cyclic deuterated alkoxy having 3 to 20 C atoms, or a combination of these systems; _R is selected from linear alkylene having 1 to 20 C atoms, linear deuterated alkylene having 1 to 20 C atoms, branched alkylene having 3 to 20 C atoms, branched deuterated alkylene having 3 to 20 C atoms, cyclic alkylene having 3 to 20 C atoms, cyclic deuterated alkylene having 3 to 20 C atoms, or a combination of these systems. 2. The compound according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, characterized in that the compound of formula (I) is a structure represented by formula (II): 3. The compound according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, characterized in that R ₁ is selected from a single bond, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 C atoms, a straight-chain deuterated alkyl group having 1 to 10 C atoms, a branched-chain alkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms, or a branched-chain deuterated alkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms; _R3 is selected from linear alkyl having 1 to 10 C atoms, linear deuterated alkyl having 1 to 10 C atoms, branched alkyl having 3 to 10 C atoms, branched deuterated alkyl having 3 to 10 C atoms, cyclic alkyl having 3 to 10 C atoms, cyclic deuterated alkyl having 3 to 10 C atoms, or a combination of these systems; _R4 is selected from -H, -D, linear alkyl having 1 to 10 C atoms, linear deuterated alkyl having 1 to 10 C atoms, branched alkyl having 3 to 10 C atoms, branched deuterated alkyl having 3 to 10 C atoms, cyclic alkyl having 3 to 10 C atoms, cyclic deuterated alkyl having 3 to 10 C atoms, or a combination of these systems; _R is selected from linear alkylene having 1 to 10 C atoms, linear deuterated alkylene having 1 to 10 C atoms, branched alkylene having 3 to 10 C atoms, branched deuterated alkylene having 3 to 10 C atoms, cyclic alkylene having 3 to 10 C atoms, cyclic deuterated alkylene having 3 to 10 C atoms, or a combination of these systems. 4. The compound according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, characterized in that Ar is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 15 C atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 3 to 15 C atoms. 5. The compound according to claim 4, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, characterized in that Ar is selected from any one of the following structures: wherein _R6 is selected from a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 C atoms, a linear deuterated alkyl group having 1 to 10 C atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms, a branched deuterated alkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms, and a cyclic deuterated alkyl group having 3 to 10 C atoms. 6. The compound according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, characterized in that the compound of formula (I) is any of the following compounds: 7. A method for preparing a compound of formula (I), characterized in that it comprises the following steps: preparing compound 3 by ketal reaction of compound 1 and compound 2: Compound 4 is prepared by cyanation reaction of compound 3: Compound 5 is prepared by performing a cyclization reaction on compound 4: Compound 6 is prepared by amino protection reaction of compound 5: Compound 7 is prepared by deketalization reaction of compound 6: Compound 8 is prepared by reducing compound 7: Compound 10 is prepared by reacting compound 8 with compound 9 through a nucleophilic addition reaction: Compound 10 is subjected to amino deprotection reaction to prepare compound 11: Compound 12 is subjected to substitution reaction to prepare compound 13: Compound 14 is prepared by hydrolysis of compound 13: Compound 14 and compound 11 are reacted by condensation to prepare compound 15: Compound 15 is subjected to a de-tert-butylation reaction to prepare compound 16: Compound 17 is prepared by demethylation halogenation of compound 16: Compound 17 and compound 18 are subjected to nucleophilic substitution reaction to prepare compound 19, compound 19 is subjected to de-Boc reaction to prepare compound 20, and compound 20 and polyaldehyde are subjected to dehydration reaction to prepare the compound of formula (I); or compound 17 and compound 21 are subjected to nucleophilic substitution reaction to prepare the compound of formula (I): Or compound 22 and compound 11 are subjected to condensation reaction to prepare compound 23, compound 23 is subjected to de-Boc reaction to prepare compound 24, compound 24 and polyaldehyde are subjected to dehydration reaction to prepare compound 25, and compound 25 is subjected to de-tert-butylation reaction to prepare the compound of formula (I): Wherein, the definitions of Ar, R ₁ , R ₃ , R ₄ and R ₅ are consistent with those in any one of claims 1 to 6. 8. Use of the compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof in the preparation of a medicament for treating and/or preventing a disease associated with or mediated by CDK2 activity. 9 . The use according to claim 8 , characterized in that the disease associated with CDK2 activity or mediated by CDK2 activity is cancer. 10. A pharmaceutical composition, characterized in that it comprises the compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.