CN118572844B

CN118572844B - Battery charging method and battery management system

Info

Publication number: CN118572844B
Application number: CN202411057622.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭涵刚; 韩沛航; 张世昌; 李东; 李恒
Original assignee: Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2024-08-02
Filing date: 2024-08-02
Publication date: 2024-12-24
Anticipated expiration: 2044-08-02
Also published as: CN118572844A

Abstract

The application discloses a battery charging method and a battery management system. The method comprises the steps of determining initial current according to initial charge states of the battery and initial temperature of the battery under the condition that the battery is connected to a power supply, determining maximum charge current of the battery from the initial charge states to 100% charge states according to the initial charge states and the initial temperature, determining a plurality of preset currents according to preset charge current intervals and the maximum charge current, wherein the maximum current in the plurality of preset currents is identical to the maximum charge current, processing the plurality of preset currents respectively by adopting the initial current to obtain a plurality of residual charge time periods, determining target charge request current according to preset current used for determining the minimum residual charge time period in the plurality of residual charge time periods, and charging the battery according to the target charge request current. The application can reduce the time length of battery charging.

Description

Battery charging method and battery management system

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of battery charging technologies, and in particular, to a battery charging method and a battery management system.

Background

Energy conservation and emission reduction are key to sustainable development of the automobile industry, and electric vehicles become an important component of sustainable development of the automobile industry due to the energy conservation and environmental protection advantages of the electric vehicles. For electric vehicles, battery charging technology is an important factor in the development of the electric vehicle. In the related art, a long time is required to charge a battery, and how to reduce the duration of charging the battery is a constant concern in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present application provides a battery charging method and a battery management system that can solve the problem of long time required for charging a battery.

The application provides a method for charging a battery, which comprises the steps of determining initial current according to initial charge states of the battery and initial temperature of the battery under the condition that the battery is connected to a power supply, determining maximum charge current from the initial charge states to 100% charge states of the battery according to the initial charge states and the initial temperature, determining a plurality of preset currents according to preset charge current intervals and the maximum charge current, wherein the maximum current in the plurality of preset currents is the same as the maximum charge current, processing the plurality of preset currents by adopting the initial current to obtain a plurality of residual charge time periods respectively, determining target charge request current according to the preset current used for determining the minimum residual charge time period in the plurality of residual charge time periods, and charging the battery according to the target charge request current.

In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, a plurality of residual charge time periods which are in line with the current state of the battery can be determined according to the initial charge state and the initial temperature of the battery, different residual charge time periods can be determined according to different target charge request currents, and the target charge request current in the minimum residual charge time period can be selected from the target charge request currents in the plurality of residual charge time periods by determining the minimum residual charge time period, so that the time period required by charging the battery by using the target charge request current in the minimum residual charge time period is smaller than the time period required by charging the battery by using the target charge request current in other residual charge time periods, and therefore, the time period required by charging the battery can be reduced.

In some embodiments, the method comprises the steps of adopting initial current to process a plurality of preset currents respectively to obtain a plurality of residual charging durations, adopting the initial current to process each preset current in the plurality of preset currents, determining a plurality of charging request currents respectively corresponding to a plurality of charging stages, and respectively determining a plurality of charging durations according to the plurality of charging request currents, and determining an accumulated value of the plurality of charging durations as each residual charging duration in the plurality of residual charging durations. In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, aiming at each preset current, the charging request current and the charging time length of a plurality of charging stages can be determined, and the charging time length of each stage is determined according to the charging request current of each stage.

In some embodiments, determining the target charge request current according to the preset current used for determining the minimum remaining charge duration in the plurality of remaining charge durations includes obtaining a plurality of charge request currents respectively corresponding to the plurality of charge durations of the preset current used, and determining the plurality of charge request currents respectively corresponding to the plurality of charge durations as the target charge request current. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the battery is charged according to the plurality of charging request currents corresponding to the plurality of charging durations of the preset current, so that the charging duration of the battery can be reduced.

In some embodiments, prior to determining the initial current based on the initial state of charge of the battery and the initial temperature of the battery, the method further comprises determining a maximum state of charge and a minimum state of charge of a plurality of cells in the battery, and a maximum temperature and a minimum temperature of temperatures of the plurality of cells, determining a first current based on the maximum state of charge and the maximum temperature, determining a second current based on the maximum state of charge and the minimum temperature, determining a third current based on the minimum state of charge and the maximum temperature, determining a fourth current based on the minimum state of charge and the minimum temperature, determining a minimum current of the first current, the second current, the third current, and the fourth current, and determining the state of charge and the temperature used to determine the minimum current as the initial state of charge and the initial temperature, respectively. In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the initial charge state and the initial temperature are determined according to the minimum current in four currents, and the four currents are determined according to the maximum charge state, the minimum charge state, the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the battery cells, so that the determination of the initial charge state and the initial temperature can consider the limit charge state and the limit temperature of the battery cells, and the initial charge request current determined according to the initial charge state and the initial temperature is smaller than or equal to the charge request current determined according to the current charge state and the current temperature of each battery cell, and thus, the initial charge request current provided for each battery cell is smaller than or equal to the charge request current acceptable for each battery cell, and the adverse effect on the performance of the battery cell caused by using excessive current for one or more battery cells in the battery is reduced.

In some embodiments, the state of charge change for each charging stage is a third state of charge if the initial state of charge for each charging stage is greater than or equal to 0% state of charge and less than the first state of charge, or if the initial state of charge for each charging stage is greater than the second state of charge and less than 100% state of charge, and the state of charge change for each charging stage is a fourth state of charge if the initial state of charge for each charging stage is greater than or equal to the first state of charge and less than or equal to the second state of charge, wherein the third state of charge is less than the fourth state of charge. In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, when the state of charge of the battery is smaller than the first state of charge or larger than the second state of charge, the determined state of charge difference of each charging stage is smaller, and the battery management system can determine the charging request current of each stage according to the lower state of charge difference, so that the determined charging request current is matched with the state of charge of the battery as much as possible to be in the state smaller than the first state of charge or larger than the second state of charge, the situation that the battery is damaged due to mismatching of the charging request current of the battery and the state of the battery is reduced, and when the state of charge of the battery is larger than or equal to the first state of charge and smaller than or equal to the second state of charge, the determined state of charge difference of each charging stage is larger, and the battery management system can determine the charging request current of each stage according to the higher state of charge difference, thereby determining the charging request current of the less number of stages and reducing the calculated amount of the battery management system.

In some embodiments, the initial state of charge is a1 st state of charge, the initial temperature is a1 st temperature, the initial current is a1 st specific current, the plurality of charging phases include a1 st to a K-th charging phases, the plurality of charging request currents include a1 st to a K-th charging request current, the plurality of charging durations include a1 st to a K-th charging duration, K is an integer greater than or equal to 2, each of a plurality of preset currents is processed by the initial current, a plurality of charging request currents respectively corresponding to the plurality of charging phases are determined, and a plurality of charging durations are respectively determined according to the plurality of charging request currents, including determining a smaller current between each preset current and the K specific current as a K-th charging request current of the K-th charging phase, K is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K, a change amount of the k+1th state of charge is determined according to the K-th charging request current, and the k+1 st state of charge is determined according to the k+1 st state of charge. In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the charging time lengths of different stages are dynamically changed and can be dynamically determined according to the battery charge state and the battery temperature of each stage, and compared with the constant current charging, if the current temperature of the battery is increased to the target temperature, the charging current is reduced, so that the remaining charging time length is determined according to the constant current charging, and the determined remaining charging time length is inaccurate.

In some embodiments, determining the (k+1) th temperature based on the (k) th charge request current, the (k) th charge duration, and the (k) th temperature includes determining the (k) th temperature variation based on the (k) th charge request current, the (k) th charge duration, and the cooling power of the battery in a case where the (k) th temperature is greater than or equal to a first temperature threshold, determining the (k) th temperature variation based on the (k) th charge request current, the (k) th charge duration, and the heat generation power of the battery in a case where the (k) th temperature is less than a second temperature threshold, the first temperature threshold being greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold, and determining the (k+1) th temperature based on the (k) th temperature and the (k) th temperature variation. In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, if the temperature of the battery is low, the battery needs to be heated, if the temperature of the battery is high, the battery needs to be cooled, so that under the condition of heating the battery, the change temperature of each stage needs to be determined according to the heating power, and under the condition of cooling the battery, the change temperature of each stage needs to be determined according to the cooling power.

The application provides a battery management system, which comprises a determining unit and an executing unit, wherein the determining unit is used for determining initial current according to the initial charge state of a battery and the initial temperature of the battery under the condition that the battery is connected with a power supply, processing a plurality of preset currents respectively by adopting the initial current to obtain a plurality of residual charging time periods, determining target charging request current according to the preset current used for determining the minimum residual charging time period in the plurality of residual charging time periods, and the executing unit is used for charging the battery according to the target charging request current.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a battery management system comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program, the processor being for executing the computer program to implement the method of any one of the above.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the technical aspects of the disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a vehicle according to some embodiments;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of charging a battery according to some embodiments;

FIG. 3 is a second flow chart of a method of charging a battery according to some embodiments;

FIG. 4 is a third flow chart of a method of charging a battery according to some embodiments;

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method of charging a battery according to some embodiments;

FIG. 6 is a flow chart fifth of a method of charging a battery according to some embodiments;

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method of determining an initial state of charge and an initial temperature of some embodiments;

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a method for determining a plurality of charge durations for each preset current according to some embodiments;

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a method of charging a battery according to some embodiments;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery management system according to some embodiments;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a hardware entity of a battery management system according to some embodiments.

Reference numerals illustrate:

a vehicle 100, a battery management system 110, a battery 120;

a determination unit 1110, an execution unit 1120, a processor 1130, and a memory 1140.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the technical scheme of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present application, and thus are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs, the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting of the application, and the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof in the description of the embodiments of the application and the above drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

In addition, the embodiments of the present application may be arbitrarily combined without any collision. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

Currently, the application of power batteries is more widespread from the development of market situation. The power battery is not only applied to energy storage power supply systems such as hydraulic power, firepower, wind power and solar power stations, but also widely applied to electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric automobiles, and the like, and a plurality of fields such as military equipment, aerospace, and the like. With the continuous expansion of the application field of the power battery, the market demand of the power battery is also continuously expanding.

In some scenarios, the battery is charged with a strategy that requires a precharge of the battery if the voltage of the battery is below a precharge threshold, the precharge current being about 10% of the constant current charging phase current. Under the condition that the voltage of the battery reaches the pre-charge threshold value, constant-current charging is carried out until the voltage of the battery is close to or equal to the maximum charging voltage, constant-voltage charging is carried out, the charging voltage of the battery is unchanged, and the current is gradually reduced until the charging is completed. In this charging strategy, since the battery temperature increases during charging, if the battery temperature increases to the temperature threshold, the current for charging the battery decreases, and thus the charging duration for charging the battery cannot be estimated.

In order to reduce the time required for charging the battery, the embodiment of the application needs to optimize the charging strategy for charging the battery.

Based on the above consideration, the embodiment of the application provides a Battery charging method, which is applied to a Battery management system (Battery MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, BMS), the Battery management system adopts initial currents to process a plurality of preset currents respectively to obtain a plurality of residual charging time periods, and determines a target charging request current according to the preset current used for determining the minimum residual charging time period in the plurality of residual charging time periods, wherein the initial currents are determined according to the initial State of Charge (SOC) of the Battery and the initial temperature of the Battery, so that the initial currents determined by adopting the current Battery State are respectively used for processing the plurality of preset currents to obtain a plurality of residual charging time periods, each residual charging time period is matched with the current Battery State, each residual charging time period corresponds to one charging strategy selected, and is the charging strategy with the shortest time period required for charging the Battery in the plurality of residual charging time periods, so that the target charging request current corresponding to the minimum residual charging time period is used for charging the Battery is longer than the time period required for charging the Battery corresponding to the other target charging time periods, and the time periods required for charging the Battery can be reduced.

The battery charging method according to any of the embodiments of the present application may be applied to a battery management system. It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the method for charging a battery according to the embodiments of the present application may be applied to any electronic device having a data processing function. The battery management system may be included in an electrical consumer. For example, the powered device may include a vehicle, a ship, an aircraft, or the like. For another example, the powered device may include an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like. Among them, the electric toy may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game machines, electric car toys, electric ship toys, electric plane toys, and the like, and the spacecraft may include planes, rockets, space planes, and spacecraft, and the like. The vehicle in the embodiment of the application can comprise a fuel oil vehicle, a fuel gas vehicle, a new energy vehicle, an electric bicycle, an electric motorcycle or a scooter, etc. In some embodiments, the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, an extended range vehicle, or the like.

The battery in embodiments of the present application may comprise a power battery. In other embodiments, the battery may include any means for storing electrical energy formed by one or more battery cells.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments. The vehicle 100 may be a fuel oil vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or a range-extended vehicle. The vehicle 100 is provided with a battery management system 110 and a battery 120 inside, and the battery management system 110 is configured to charge and manage the battery 120. The battery 120 may be disposed at the bottom or the head or the tail of the vehicle 100. The battery 120 may be used for power supply of the vehicle 100, for example, the battery 120 may be used as a driving power source of the vehicle 100.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for charging a battery according to some embodiments, the method being applied to a battery management system, the method including:

s201, under the condition that the battery is connected to a power supply, determining initial current according to the initial state of charge of the battery and the initial temperature of the battery.

S202, adopting initial currents to respectively process a plurality of preset currents to obtain a plurality of residual charging durations.

S203, determining a target charging request current according to a preset current used for determining the minimum remaining charging duration in the plurality of remaining charging durations.

S204, according to the target charging request current, the battery is charged.

In some embodiments, the battery is connected to the power source with the charging port of the vehicle electrically connected to the charging gun head of the charging post.

In some embodiments, S201 may include obtaining an initial state of charge of the battery and an initial temperature of the battery, and determining an initial current based on the initial state of charge of the battery and the initial temperature of the battery, in the event that the battery is powered on.

In some embodiments, a plurality of battery cells may be included in the battery, and the battery management system may be capable of obtaining a state of charge and a temperature of each of the plurality of battery cells, thereby obtaining a plurality of states of charge and a plurality of temperatures. In some embodiments, the initial state of charge may be a maximum state of charge of the plurality of states of charge and the initial temperature may be a highest temperature of the plurality of temperatures. In some embodiments, the initial state of charge may be a maximum state of charge of the plurality of states of charge and the initial temperature may be a lowest temperature of the plurality of temperatures. In some embodiments, the initial state of charge may be a minimum state of charge of the plurality of states of charge and the initial temperature may be a highest temperature of the plurality of temperatures. In some embodiments, the initial state of charge may be a minimum state of charge of the plurality of states of charge and the initial temperature may be a minimum temperature of the plurality of temperatures. In some embodiments, the initial state of charge may be an average of a plurality of states of charge and the initial temperature may be an average of a plurality of temperatures. In some embodiments, the initial state of charge may be a median of a plurality of states of charge and the initial temperature may be a median of a plurality of temperatures. In some embodiments, the initial state of charge may be the most repeated state of charge of the plurality of states of charge and the initial temperature may be the most repeated temperature of the plurality of temperatures.

In some embodiments, determining the initial current based on the initial state of charge of the battery and the initial temperature of the battery includes obtaining a first map pre-constructed and stored in a memory of the battery management system, the first map including charging currents corresponding to respective state of charge intervals and respective temperature intervals of the battery, and determining the charging current found from the first map as the initial current based on the initial state of charge of the battery and the initial temperature of the battery. Table 1 is a first map of charging currents corresponding to each SOC interval and each temperature (T) interval.

TABLE 1

Illustratively, if the initial state of charge is 25%, the initial temperature is-25 ℃, then the initial current is I4. Illustratively, if the initial state of charge is 0%, the initial temperature is 50 ℃, then the initial current is I9.

It should be noted that table 1 exemplifies the initial currents I1 to I9, and that other unfilled portions should also have corresponding initial currents, i.e., one initial current for each state of charge interval and each temperature interval, for example, [50, 60%) and [20, 30%) also correspond to one initial current I10. Embodiments of the present application are not specifically enumerated in this regard.

Table 1 only exemplifies the charging currents corresponding to each state of charge (SOC) interval and each temperature (T) interval, and in practical applications, the state of charge interval may have other interval values, and the temperature interval may have other interval values. For example, the state of charge span differences for different state of charge intervals are the same, which may be 5% or 10% or the like. For another example, the span differences of the different temperature intervals may be 5 ℃.

In some embodiments, the plurality of preset currents may be predefined and stored in a memory of the battery management system such that a processing unit in the battery management system may read the plurality of preset currents from the memory. In other embodiments, the maximum charging current for battery charging is determined based on an initial state of charge and an initial temperature of the battery, and the plurality of preset currents are determined based on the maximum charging current for battery charging. For example, the maximum value of the plurality of preset currents is equal to the maximum charging current for charging the battery. The maximum charging current of the battery may be the maximum charging current that can be used in the process of charging the battery from the initial state of charge to the 100% state of charge at the initial temperature. For example, a second mapping table may be stored in a memory of the battery management system, the second mapping table including a maximum charging current for each of the plurality of temperature intervals and each of the plurality of state of charge intervals, and the battery management system may look up a corresponding maximum charging current from the second mapping table based on the initial state of charge and the initial temperature. For another example, the battery management system may take corresponding calculations for the initial state of charge and the initial temperature to obtain a corresponding maximum charging current.

S202 may have various embodiments, and is exemplified below:

In some embodiments, S202 may include processing each of a plurality of preset currents with an initial current, determining a plurality of charging request currents corresponding to a plurality of charging phases, respectively, and determining a plurality of charging durations according to the plurality of charging request currents, respectively, and determining an accumulated value of the plurality of charging durations as each of a plurality of remaining charging durations.

In other embodiments, S202 may include determining a first charge duration of the first charge stage according to a change amount of the initial charge state and the first charge state and an initial current when the initial charge state is smaller than a preset first charge state, determining a second charge duration of each second charge stage according to a change amount of the first charge state to a preset second charge state, each preset current and a first charge current corresponding to the first charge state to the second charge state, determining a third charge duration of the third charge stage according to a change amount of the second charge state to 100% charge state and a second charge current corresponding to the second charge state to 100% charge state, and determining an accumulated value of the first charge duration, each second charge duration and the third charge duration as each remaining charge duration. In some embodiments, determining the second charge duration of each second charging stage according to the first state-of-charge to a preset second state-of-charge variation, each preset current, and the first charge current corresponding to the first state-of-charge to the second state-of-charge may include determining the second charge duration of each second charging stage according to the first state-of-charge to the preset second state-of-charge variation, and an average, a larger, or a smaller value of each preset current and the first charge current. In some embodiments, the first charging current and/or the second charging current may be a preset value. In other embodiments, the first charging current and/or the second charging current may be determined according to a model number Of the battery and/or a State Of Health (SOH) Of the battery.

In still other embodiments, in the case where the initial state of charge is greater than or equal to the first state of charge and less than or equal to the second state of charge, determining a fourth charge duration of each first charge phase according to a second state of charge variation from the initial state of charge to a preset value, and each preset current and the initial current, determining a third charge duration of the second charge phase according to a second state of charge to a 100% state of charge variation and a second charge current corresponding to the second state of charge to the 100% state of charge, and determining an accumulated value of each fourth charge duration and the third charge duration as each remaining charge duration. In some embodiments, determining the fourth charge duration for each first charge phase based on the initial state-of-charge to a preset second state-of-charge variation, and each of the preset current and the initial current, may include determining the fourth charge duration for each first charge phase based on the initial state-of-charge to the preset second state-of-charge variation, and an average, greater, or lesser value of each of the preset current and the initial current.

In some embodiments, the plurality of preset currents may be N preset currents, and then N remaining charging durations corresponding to the N preset currents one to one are determined respectively. And each remaining charge duration is determined based on each preset current and each initial current.

In some embodiments, the plurality of preset currents may be determined in a number of ways.

For example, the plurality of preset currents may be stored in advance in a memory in the battery management system, so that the battery management system reads the plurality of preset currents from the memory.

For another example, a maximum charge current of the battery from an initial state of charge to a 100% state of charge is determined based on the initial state of charge, and a plurality of preset currents are determined based on the preset charge current interval and the maximum charge current.

For another example, a maximum charge current of the battery from an initial state of charge to a 100% state of charge is determined based on the initial temperature, and a plurality of preset currents are determined based on the preset charge current interval and the maximum charge current.

For another example, a maximum charge current of the battery from an initial state of charge to a 100% state of charge is determined based on the initial state of charge and the initial temperature, and a plurality of preset currents are determined based on the preset charge current interval and the maximum charge current.

In some embodiments, the maximum current of the plurality of preset currents is the same as the maximum charging current. In some embodiments, the minimum current of the plurality of preset currents may be a predetermined value, which may be a natural number greater than 0. Illustratively, the predetermined value may be 0.1A, 1A, 3A, or the like. In some embodiments, the predetermined value may be pre-stored in a memory in the battery management system to enable the battery management system to read the predetermined value from the memory. In some embodiments, the corresponding predetermined values are the same for different initial states of charge and/or different initial temperatures. In other embodiments, the minimum current of the plurality of preset currents may be a charging current of the battery when the change value of the state of charge is a first specific value and/or the change value of the temperature is a second specific value within the preset time period. Wherein the second specific value may be a real number greater than 0, less than 0, or equal to 0. For example, the second specific value is 0, -1 ℃,3 ℃, or the like.

In some embodiments, the plurality of preset currents may be determined according to a preset charging current interval and a maximum charging current. In other embodiments, the plurality of preset currents may be determined based on a preset charging current interval and a predetermined value.

In some embodiments, the memory of the battery management unit may store a preset charging current interval, the preset charging current interval may include A1-th interval, the battery management unit may determine the maximum charging current as a first preset current, determine a second preset current according to the first preset current and the first interval (e.g., the first preset current minus the first interval), determine a third preset current according to the second preset current and the second interval (e.g., the second preset current minus the second interval), and until it is determined that the A2-th preset current is less than or equal to 0, and the battery management unit may decrease the first preset current to the A2-th preset current by 1-th preset current, and determine the first preset current to be a plurality of preset currents. Wherein A1 may be greater than A2.

S203 may have various embodiments, and the following is exemplified:

In some embodiments, S203 may include obtaining a plurality of charging request currents corresponding to a plurality of charging durations of the preset current to be used, respectively, and determining the plurality of charging request currents corresponding to the plurality of charging durations, respectively, as the target charging request current.

In other embodiments, S203 may include obtaining an initial current corresponding to the first charging duration, a first calculated current corresponding to the second charging duration, and a second charging current corresponding to the third charging duration, which are determined by using the preset current, and determining the initial current corresponding to the first charging duration, the first calculated current corresponding to the second charging duration, and the second charging current corresponding to the third charging duration as target charging request currents. The first calculation current is an average value, a larger value or a smaller value of the used preset current and the first charging current.

In still other embodiments, S203 may include obtaining a second calculated current corresponding to the fourth charging duration and a second charging current corresponding to the third charging duration, which are determined by the preset current used, and determining the second calculated current corresponding to the fourth charging duration and the second charging current corresponding to the third charging duration as the target charging request current. The second calculated current is an average value, a larger value or a smaller value of the preset current and the initial current.

In some embodiments, charging the battery may include managing the charging of the battery.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, a plurality of residual charging time periods which accord with the current state of the battery can be determined according to the initial charge state and the initial temperature of the battery, different residual charging time periods can be used for determining different target charging request currents, and the target charging request current in the minimum residual charging time period can be selected from the target charging request currents in the plurality of residual charging time periods by determining the minimum residual charging time period, so that the time period required for charging the battery by using the target charging request current in the minimum residual charging time period is smaller than the time period required for charging the battery by using the target charging request current in other residual charging time periods, and therefore, the time period required for charging the battery can be reduced.

Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a second flowchart of a method for charging a battery according to some embodiments, where the method is applied to a battery management system, and the embodiment of fig. 3 is different from the embodiment of fig. 2 in that before S202 in fig. 2, the method further includes the steps of:

and S301, determining the maximum charging current of the battery from the initial charge state to 100% charge state according to the initial charge state and the initial temperature.

S302, determining a plurality of preset currents according to preset charging current intervals and maximum charging currents, wherein the maximum currents in the preset currents are the same as the maximum charging currents.

The embodiment of the application is not limited to determining the sequence of the plurality of preset currents and determining the initial current, for example, the initial current may be determined first, then each preset current of the plurality of preset currents may be determined, for example, each preset current of the plurality of preset currents may be determined first, then the initial current may be determined, and for example, the determining of the plurality of preset currents and the determining of the initial current may be performed in parallel.

In some embodiments, the preset charging current interval may be stored in a memory of the battery management system, and the preset charging current interval may be the same or different.

In some embodiments, the preset charging current intervals are the same. For example, if the determined maximum charge current of the battery from the initial state of charge to 100% is 1000mA and the preset charge current interval is 200mA, the determined plurality of preset currents may be 200mA, 400mA, 600mA, 800mA, 1000mA.

In some embodiments, the preset charging current intervals are different. For example, the maximum charge current of the battery from the initial state of charge to 100% is determined to be 1000mA, the preset charge current intervals are 100mA and 300mA, the plurality of preset currents may be dense around 500mA, and the plurality of preset currents may be determined to be 100mA, 400mA, 500mA, 600mA, 700mA, 1000mA.

In some embodiments, the preset charging current interval may be determined according to the operation speed and/or the response speed of the battery management unit. For example, the preset charging current interval may be smaller if the operation speed and/or the response speed are higher, whereas the preset charging current interval may be larger if the operation speed and/or the response speed are lower.

In some embodiments, the number of preset currents in the corresponding plurality of preset currents may be the same or different at different initial states of charge and/or different initial temperatures. For example, the number of preset currents in the plurality of preset currents may be flexibly determined according to the current initial state of charge of the battery and the current initial temperature of the battery, and/or the number of preset currents in the plurality of preset currents may be determined according to the preset charging current interval. For example, the lower the current initial state of charge and/or the lower the current initial temperature, the greater the corresponding maximum charging current, the greater the number of preset currents in the plurality of preset currents may be. For example, the smaller the charging current interval, the greater the number of preset currents among the plurality of preset currents may be.

In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the plurality of preset currents are determined according to the initial charge state and the initial temperature of the battery, so that each preset current in the plurality of preset currents can be flexibly determined according to the current state of the battery, and compared with the scheme that the plurality of preset currents are not matched with the current state of the battery, the current is overlarge when the battery is charged, and the adverse effect on the performance of the battery is further caused.

Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a flowchart III of a method for charging a battery according to some embodiments, the method is applied to a battery management system, and the embodiment of fig. 4 is different from the embodiment of fig. 2 in that S202 in fig. 2 includes the following steps:

S401, processing each preset current in a plurality of preset currents by adopting an initial current, determining a plurality of charging request currents corresponding to a plurality of charging stages respectively, and determining a plurality of charging durations respectively according to the plurality of charging request currents.

S402, determining the accumulated value of the plurality of charging time periods as each remaining charging time period in the plurality of remaining charging time periods.

In some embodiments, the plurality of charging phases may be preset. For example, the plurality of charge phases may correspond to a plurality of state of charge ranges. The span differences of the state of charge ranges corresponding to the different charging phases may be the same or different.

In some embodiments, the plurality of preset currents includes N preset currents, and for each preset current, the battery management system is capable of determining a corresponding plurality of charging request currents and a plurality of charging durations, and determining an accumulated value of the plurality of charging durations corresponding to each preset current as each remaining charging duration.

For example, the plurality of preset currents include a preset current 1 and a preset current 2, the battery management system can determine a plurality of charging request currents and a plurality of charging durations corresponding to the preset current 1 for the preset current 1, determine an accumulated value of the plurality of charging durations corresponding to the preset current 1 as a remaining charging duration corresponding to the preset current 1, and determine a plurality of charging request currents and a plurality of charging durations corresponding to the preset current 2 for the preset current 2, and determine an accumulated value of the plurality of charging durations corresponding to the preset current 2 as a remaining charging duration corresponding to the preset current 2.

In some embodiments, processing each preset current in the preset currents by adopting an initial current, determining a plurality of charging request currents corresponding to a plurality of charging stages respectively, and determining a plurality of charging time periods respectively according to the plurality of charging request currents, wherein the method comprises the steps of determining the initial current as a first charging request current corresponding to a first charging stage in a first charging state corresponding to the first charging state, determining the average value, a larger value or a smaller value of the initial current and each preset current as a second charging request current corresponding to a second charging stage in a second charging state to a second charging state corresponding to 100% charging state, determining the second charging current as a third charging request current corresponding to a third charging stage according to the first charging request current, the second charging request current and the third charging request current respectively.

In other embodiments, the method includes processing each preset current in the plurality of preset currents by using an initial current, determining a plurality of charging request currents corresponding to a plurality of charging stages respectively, and determining a plurality of charging durations according to the plurality of charging request currents respectively, wherein the method may include determining an average value, a larger value or a smaller value of the initial current and each preset current as a fourth charging request current corresponding to a first charging stage in a first charging stage corresponding to an initial state of charge to a second state of charge, determining a second charging current as a third charging request current corresponding to a second charging stage in a second charging stage corresponding to a second state of charge to 100%, and determining two charging durations according to the first charging request current and the second charging request current respectively.

In some embodiments, the calculation of the plurality of remaining charging durations determined from the plurality of preset currents, respectively, may be a parallel calculation.

Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for charging a battery according to some embodiments, where the method is applied to a battery management system, the method uses a plurality of preset currents as three preset currents, and determines three charging currents corresponding to three charging phases respectively according to each preset current to explain, and the method includes:

s501, under the condition that the battery is connected to a power supply, determining initial current according to the initial state of charge of the battery and the initial temperature of the battery.

S502, determining charging request currents 1-3 corresponding to the three charging phases respectively according to the initial current and the preset current 1, determining charging request currents 4-6 corresponding to the three charging phases respectively according to the initial current and the preset current 2, and determining charging request currents 7-9 corresponding to the three charging phases respectively according to the initial current and the preset current 3.

S503, respectively determining charging time periods 1-3 according to the charging request currents 1-3, respectively determining charging time periods 4-6 according to the charging request currents 4-6, and respectively determining charging time periods 7-9 according to the charging request currents 7-9.

S504, determining the accumulated value of the charging time periods 1-3 as the remaining charging time period 1, the accumulated value of the charging time periods 4-6 as the remaining charging time period 2, and the accumulated value of the charging time periods 7-9 as the remaining charging time period 3.

S505, determining the charging request current under the charging time length corresponding to the minimum remaining charging time length in the remaining charging time lengths 1-3 as a target charging request current.

For example, if the minimum remaining charging duration is the remaining charging duration 2, the charging request current under the determined charging duration is the charging request current 4-6 corresponding to the charging duration 4-6, respectively.

S506, charging the battery according to the target charging request current.

In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, aiming at each preset current, the charging request current and the charging time length of a plurality of charging stages can be determined, and the charging time length of each stage is determined according to the charging request current of each stage.

Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a flowchart five of a method of charging a battery according to some embodiments, the method is applied to a battery management system, and the embodiment of fig. 6 is different from the embodiment of fig. 4 in that S203 in fig. 4 includes:

S601, acquiring a plurality of charging request currents corresponding to a plurality of charging durations of a preset current to be used respectively.

S602, determining a plurality of charging request currents with a plurality of charging durations corresponding to the charging request currents as target charging request currents.

For example, the preset current used isThe above-mentioned passesDetermining a plurality of charge durationsA plurality of charging request currents respectively corresponding toWill beRespectively corresponding toA target charge request current is determined.

Thus, when the battery is charged by using the target charge request current, the 1 st charging period is first performedUsing charge request currentCharging, again at the 2 nd charging time periodUsing charge request currentCharging until the last charging periodUsing charge request currentAnd after the charging is finished, the electric quantity of the battery is 100%, or in the charging process, the battery is disconnected from the power supply, and after the charging is finished, the electric quantity of the battery is less than 100%.

According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the battery is charged according to the plurality of charging request currents respectively corresponding to the plurality of charging time periods, so that the charging time period of the battery can be reduced.

Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a flow chart of a method of determining an initial state of charge and an initial temperature, the method being applied to a battery management system, the method being performed with a battery connected to a power source, the method comprising:

S701, determining a maximum state of charge and a minimum state of charge of a plurality of battery cells in the battery, and a maximum temperature and a minimum temperature of temperatures of the plurality of battery cells.

S702, determining a first current according to the maximum state of charge and the maximum temperature, determining a second current according to the maximum state of charge and the minimum temperature, determining a third current according to the minimum state of charge and the maximum temperature, and determining a fourth current according to the minimum state of charge and the minimum temperature.

S703, determining the minimum current of the first current, the second current, the third current and the fourth current.

And S704, determining the state of charge and the temperature used for determining the minimum current as an initial state of charge and an initial temperature respectively.

For example, if the minimum current among the first current, the second current, the third current, and the fourth current is the first current, the maximum state of charge and the maximum temperature are determined as the initial state of charge and the initial temperature, respectively. For another example, when the minimum current among the first current, the second current, the third current, and the fourth current is the third current, the minimum state of charge and the maximum temperature are determined as the initial state of charge and the initial temperature, respectively.

In some embodiments, where the initial state of charge and the initial temperature are determined, determining the initial current from the initial state of charge of the battery and the initial temperature of the battery may then be performed.

In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the initial charge state and the initial temperature are determined according to the minimum current in four currents, and the four currents are determined according to the maximum charge state, the minimum charge state, the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the battery cells, so that the determination of the initial charge state and the initial temperature can consider the limit charge state and the limit temperature of the battery cells, and the initial charge request current determined according to the initial charge state and the initial temperature is smaller than or equal to the charge request current determined according to the current charge state and the current temperature of each battery cell, and thus, the initial charge request current provided for each battery cell is smaller than or equal to the charge request current acceptable for each battery cell, and the adverse effect on the performance of the battery cell caused by using excessive current for one or more battery cells in the battery is reduced.

In some embodiments, the state of charge change for each charging stage is a third state of charge if the initial state of charge for each charging stage is greater than or equal to 0% state of charge and less than the first state of charge, or if the initial state of charge for each charging stage is greater than the second state of charge and less than 100% state of charge, and the state of charge change for each charging stage is a fourth state of charge if the initial state of charge for each charging stage is greater than or equal to the first state of charge and less than or equal to the second state of charge, wherein the third state of charge is less than the fourth state of charge.

For example, in the case where the kth state of charge is greater than or equal to 0% state of charge and less than the first state of charge, or in the case where the kth state of charge is greater than the second state of charge and less than 100% state of charge, the state of charge change amount is the third state of charge, and in the case where the kth state of charge is greater than or equal to the first state of charge and less than or equal to the second state of charge, the state of charge change amount is the fourth state of charge.

For the description of the first to fourth states of charge, please refer to the above description, and the description is omitted here.

In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, when the state of charge of the battery is smaller than the first state of charge or larger than the second state of charge, the determined state of charge difference of each charging stage is smaller, and the battery management system can determine the charging request current of each stage according to the lower state of charge difference, so that the determined charging request current is matched with the state of charge of the battery as much as possible to be in the state smaller than the first state of charge or larger than the second state of charge, the situation that the battery is damaged due to mismatching of the charging request current of the battery and the state of the battery is reduced, and when the state of charge of the battery is larger than or equal to the first state of charge and smaller than or equal to the second state of charge, the determined state of charge difference of each charging stage is larger, and the battery management system can determine the charging request current of each stage according to the higher state of charge difference, thereby determining the charging request current of the less number of stages and reducing the calculated amount of the battery management system.

Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a flow chart of a method for determining a plurality of charging durations for each preset current according to some embodiments, wherein an initial state of charge is a1 st state of charge, an initial temperature is a1 st temperature, the initial current is a1 st specific current, a plurality of charging phases includes a1 st to a K-th charging phases, a plurality of charging request currents includes a1 st to a K-th charging request currents, a plurality of charging durations includes a1 st to a K-th charging duration, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the method is applied to a battery management system, and the method includes:

S801, determining a smaller current between each preset current and a kth specific current as a kth charging request current of a kth charging stage.

Wherein K is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K.

In an embodiment of the present application, the preset current may include、Up toEtc. The embodiment of the application takes a preset current asA determination method of K charging periods is described as an example.

Wherein the kth specific current is expressed asThe kth charge request current is expressed as. The calculation formula is that。

S802, determining a kth charging duration according to a kth charging request current and a preset variable quantity from a kth charge state to a kth+1th charge state.

In some embodiments, the amount of change from the kth state of charge to the (k+1) th state of charge may be determined from the kth state of charge. For example, in the case where the kth state of charge is greater than or equal to 0% and less than the first state of charge, the state of charge change amount is the third state of charge, in the case where the kth state of charge is greater than the second state of charge and less than 100%, the state of charge change amount is the fourth state of charge, and in the case where the kth state of charge is greater than the second state of charge and less than 100%, the state of charge change amount is the fifth state of charge. The fourth state of charge is greater than the third state of charge, the fourth state of charge is greater than the fifth state of charge, and the third state of charge is less than or equal to the fifth state of charge. For another example, the state-of-charge change amount is a third state of charge when the kth state of charge is greater than or equal to 0% and less than the first state of charge, or when the kth state of charge is greater than the second state of charge and less than 100%, and is a fourth state of charge when the kth state of charge is greater than or equal to the first state of charge and less than or equal to the second state of charge, wherein the third state of charge is less than the fourth state of charge.

In some embodiments, at least one of the third state of charge, the fourth state of charge, and the fifth state of charge is a fixed value. For example, the third state of charge may range from 0.1% to 5%. For example, the fourth state of charge has a value in the range of 2% to 20%. For example, the fifth state of charge may range from 0.1% to 5%. For example, the third state of charge is 0.1%, 1%, 2%, or 5%. For example, the fourth state of charge is 2%, 5%, 10%, or 20%. For example, the fifth state of charge is 0.1%, 1%, 2%, or 5%. For example, the third state of charge is 1%, the fourth state of charge is 5%, and the fifth state of charge is 1%. Also for example, the third state of charge is 1%, the fourth state of charge is 5%, and the fifth state of charge is 0.5%. Also for example, the third state of charge is 0.5%, the fourth state of charge is 5%, and the fifth state of charge is 1%.

In some embodiments, the first state of charge may be a maximum state of charge of the precharge in the related art. In some embodiments, the second state of charge may be a maximum state of charge of constant current charging in the related art. In other embodiments, the first state of charge and/or the second state of charge may be predefined. For example, the first state of charge may range from 2% to 20%. The second state of charge may range from 80% to 98%. For example, the first state of charge is 2%, 5%, 10%, 20%, etc. For example, the second state of charge is 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 98%, or the like.

In some embodiments, S502 may include determining a kth charge duration based on a kth charge request current, a capacity of the battery, and a preset amount of change from a kth state of charge to a kth +1 state of charge. For example, S502 may include determining a kth charge duration from a product of a capacity of the battery and a preset amount of change from a kth state of charge to a (k+1) th state of charge, and then dividing the result by a kth charge request current. In any of the embodiments of the present application, the capacity of the battery may comprise one of a nominal capacity of the battery, a current maximum capacity of the battery, a product of the nominal capacity of the battery and a health of the battery. Where the nominal capacity of a battery refers to the capacity value that the battery manufacturer notes for that model of battery during production.

Wherein, the firstThe charging time periods are expressed asFirst, theThe amount of change from the individual charge states to the (k+1) th charge state is expressed asThe capacity of the battery is expressed as. The calculation formula is that。

S803, determining the (k+1) th temperature according to the (k) th charging request current, the (k) th charging duration and the (k) th temperature.

In some embodiments, S503 may include determining a kth temperature variation based on the kth charge request current and the kth charge duration, and determining a kth +1 temperature based on the kth temperature and the kth temperature variation.

In some embodiments, determining the kth temperature change amount based on the kth charge request current and the kth charge duration may include determining the kth temperature change amount based on the kth charge request current, the internal resistance of the battery, the specific heat capacity (in J/(kg· ℃ C.) or J/(kg·K)) of the battery, the mass (in kg) of the battery, and the kth charge duration. In any of the embodiments of the present application, the internal resistance of the battery may be determined according to the internal resistances of all the battery cells in the battery. The internal resistance of each battery cell may be determined according to the state of charge and the temperature of each battery cell.

Wherein the kth temperature variation is expressed asThe internal resistance of the battery is expressed asSpecific heat capacity of the battery is expressed asThe mass of the battery is expressed as. The calculation formula is that. In some embodiments, cooling of the battery or heat generation of the battery may also be considered. In the case where the cooling system of the battery is turned on,. In the case where the heat generation system of the battery is turned on,。Representing the cooling power of the battery.Representing the heat generation power of the battery.

In some embodiments of the present invention, in some embodiments,May be a fixed value. In some embodiments of the present invention, in some embodiments,May be a fixed value.

In some embodiments, inIn the different cases of the present invention,According toDetermination, e.g. the firstPersonal (S). In some embodiments, inIn the different cases of the present invention,According toDetermination, e.g. the firstPersonal (S)。

Wherein the (k+1) th temperature is expressed asThe calculation formula is。

S804, determining the (k+1) th specific current according to the (k+1) th temperature and the (k+1) th charge state.

In some embodiments, the implementation of S504, similar to the implementation of determining the initial current based on the initial state of charge of the battery and the initial temperature of the battery, is obtained through the first mapping table.

The (k+1) th specific current is expressed asThe (k+1) th state of charge is expressed asThe (k+1) th temperature is expressed as. The calculation formula is that=。

The following describes a preset current 1 (expressed as) Method for determining multiple charging durations of (a) another=1 According to=Obtaining a first specific current (i.e. initial current) according toCalculate the 1 st charge request current according toCalculate the 1 st charge time according to、Or (b)Calculate the 1 st temperature change according toCalculate the 2 nd temperature according to=The 2 nd specific current is calculated. Thus, in the case where the 2 nd temperature and the 2 nd specific current are obtained, k=2, the 2 nd charge request current, the 2 nd charge period, the 2 nd temperature change amount, the 3 rd temperature, and the 3 rd specific current are continuously calculated until the (k+1) th state of charge is the maximum state of charge or 100%.

In the embodiment of the application, a plurality of charging durations corresponding to a plurality of charging phases are obtainedIn the case of (a), a preset current can be obtained by summing a plurality of charging durationsIs longer than the remaining charging period of (a). In addition, the battery management system can obtain other preset currents in a similar manner as described above,,...,Etc. The minimum remaining charge time may be calculated by. After obtaining the minimum remaining charging time period, a preset current corresponding to the minimum remaining charging time period may be determined, for example, the preset current isAnd then will be usedDeterminedRespectively corresponding toA target charge request current is determined.

In addition, the embodiment of the application determines the smaller current in each preset current and each specific current of each stage as the charging request current of each stage, and compared with the larger current in each preset current and each specific current of each stage, the scheme of determining the charging request current of each stage can reduce the change temperature of the battery of each stage, thereby reducing the adverse effect of the temperature rise of the battery on the battery performance.

In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the charging time lengths of different stages are dynamically changed and can be dynamically determined according to the battery charge state and the battery temperature of each stage, and compared with the constant current charging, if the current temperature of the battery is increased to the target temperature, the charging current is reduced, so that the remaining charging time length is determined according to the constant current charging, and the determined remaining charging time length is inaccurate.

In some embodiments, determining the (k+1) th temperature based on the (k) th charge request current, the (k) th charge duration, and the (k) th temperature includes determining the (k) th temperature variation based on the (k) th charge request current, the (k) th charge duration, and the cooling power of the battery in a case where the (k) th temperature is greater than or equal to a first temperature threshold, determining the (k) th temperature variation based on the (k) th charge request current, the (k) th charge duration, and the heat generation power of the battery in a case where the (k) th temperature is less than a second temperature threshold, the first temperature threshold being greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold, and determining the (k+1) th temperature based on the (k) th temperature and the (k) th temperature variation.

For example, if the first temperature threshold value is greater than the second temperature threshold value, in the case where the kth temperature is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold value, the kth temperature variation is determined according to the kth charge request current, the kth charge duration, and the cooling power of the battery) When the kth temperature is smaller than the first temperature threshold and larger than or equal to the second temperature threshold, the battery does not need to be heated or cooled, and the kth temperature variation is determined according to the kth charging request current and the kth charging time length) Determining a kth temperature variation according to the kth charging request current, the kth charging time period and the heat generating power of the battery when the kth temperature is smaller than the second temperature threshold)。

For another example, if the first temperature threshold value is equal to the second temperature threshold value, in the case where the kth temperature is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold value, the kth temperature variation is determined according to the kth charge request current, the kth charge duration, and the cooling power of the battery) Determining a kth temperature variation according to the kth charging request current, the kth charging time period and the heat generating power of the battery when the kth temperature is smaller than the second temperature threshold)。

In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, if the temperature of the battery is low, the battery needs to be heated, if the temperature of the battery is high, the battery needs to be cooled, so that under the condition of heating the battery, the change temperature of each stage needs to be determined according to the heating power, and under the condition of cooling the battery, the change temperature of each stage needs to be determined according to the cooling power.

When the battery is charged, if the charging current is large, the temperature rise of the battery is rapid, and the service life of the battery is influenced. If the temperature of the battery is greater than the temperature threshold, the charging current to the battery is reduced, which results in an increase in the charging time. However, how to determine the charging current at the time of charging so that the charging time of the battery is long or short is a problem of continuing concern in the art.

The related art does not consider that the remaining charge time needs to be calculated in a plurality of charge phases, resulting in inaccurate calculation of the remaining charge time, and precise control of the currents in the plurality of charge phases.

In the embodiment of the application, different charging residual time corresponding to different preset currents is calculated, and the target current for charging the battery is determined according to the preset current with the shortest charging residual time. In addition, a residual time step-by-step calculation model is introduced to estimate the residual time. In addition, temperature rise models (such as temperature rise paths) with different currents are introduced, the whole charging temperature change is accurately estimated, and an optimal temperature rise path and a corresponding request current are found.

According to the embodiment of the application, the adverse effect of high temperature on the charging time is reduced and the charging time is shortened by considering the change process of the request current in the charging process. In addition, the estimation accuracy of the residual charging time is improved, the estimation accuracy of the temperature in the whole charging process is improved, and the temperature rise path and the corresponding request current are optimized.

Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a flowchart six of a method of charging a battery according to some embodiments, the method being applied to a battery management system, the method including:

S901 slave Starting with =1, determine the firstA plurality of charging request currents. At a preset currentBy way of example only,,。

Wherein, the firstA plurality of charging request currentsAccording to a plurality of preset currents、、、...、) Each preset current and initial charge state of the battery) Initial temperature [ ]) Determination of

S902, confirm the firstA charge time length ofThe temperature change amount is 1A temperature, wherein, the temperature is equal to the temperature,;;。

It should be noted that the number of the substrates, in S902 the process of the present invention,Can be replaced byOr (b)。

S903, confirm the firstA specific current, wherein,。

Then, go to S901 to calculate the firstThe charging request current, i.e。

Through the steps, a plurality of charging durations corresponding to each preset current in a plurality of preset currents can be obtained. In the embodiment of the application, the different preset currents correspond toThe same applies.

S904, determining the remaining charging time periods (also referred to as total time periods) corresponding to the preset currents respectively, namely. At a preset currentFor example, the corresponding plurality of charging durations are calculated as described aboveRemaining charge time period。

S905, determining the minimum remaining charging time length;。

the steps S901 to SS905 are steps of determining remaining charging durations corresponding to different preset currents according to the different preset currents.

S906, determining a preset current corresponding to the minimum remaining charging duration, and determining a plurality of charging durations and a plurality of charging request currents according to the preset current.

Based on the foregoing embodiments, the embodiments of the present application provide a battery management system, where the battery management system includes units and modules included in the units may be implemented by a processor in the battery management system, and of course, may also be implemented by specific logic circuits.

Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a composition structure of a battery management system according to some embodiments, and the battery management system 110 includes:

a determining unit 1110, configured to determine an initial current according to an initial state of charge of the battery and an initial temperature of the battery when the battery is connected to the power supply, and process a plurality of preset currents to obtain a plurality of remaining charging durations, respectively, by using the initial current;

and an execution unit 1120 for performing charging of the battery according to the target charging request current.

In some embodiments, the determining unit 1110 is further configured to determine a maximum charging current of the battery from the initial state of charge to the 100% state of charge according to the initial state of charge and the initial temperature, and determine a plurality of preset currents according to a preset charging current interval and the maximum charging current, wherein a maximum current of the plurality of preset currents is the same as the maximum charging current.

In some embodiments, the determining unit 1110 is further configured to process each preset current of the plurality of preset currents with an initial current, determine a plurality of charging request currents corresponding to the plurality of charging phases respectively, and determine a plurality of charging durations according to the plurality of charging request currents respectively, and determine an accumulated value of the plurality of charging durations as each remaining charging duration of the plurality of remaining charging durations.

In some embodiments, the determining unit 1110 is further configured to obtain a plurality of charging request currents corresponding to the determined plurality of charging durations respectively through the used preset current, and determine the plurality of charging request currents corresponding to the plurality of charging durations respectively as the target charging request current.

In some embodiments, the determining unit 1110 is further configured to determine a maximum state of charge and a minimum state of charge of a plurality of battery cells in the battery, and a maximum temperature and a minimum temperature of temperatures of the plurality of battery cells, determine a first current according to the maximum state of charge and the maximum temperature, determine a second current according to the maximum state of charge and the minimum temperature, determine a third current according to the minimum state of charge and the maximum temperature, determine a fourth current according to the minimum state of charge and the minimum temperature, determine a minimum current of the first current, the second current, the third current, and the fourth current, and determine a state of charge and a temperature used for determining the minimum current as an initial state of charge and an initial temperature, respectively.

In some embodiments, the initial state of charge is a 1 st state of charge, the initial temperature is a 1 st temperature, the initial current is a 1 st specific current, the plurality of charging phases includes a 1 st to a K st charging phases, the plurality of charging request currents includes a 1 st to a K st charging request current, the plurality of charging durations includes a 1 st to a K st charging duration, K is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the determining unit 1110 is further configured to determine each of the preset currents as a smaller current between the K specific current and the K st charging request current, K is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K in the K st charging phase, determine a k+1 th charging duration based on the K st charging request current and a change amount of the preset K state of charge to the k+1 st state of charge, determine the k+1 st temperature based on the K charging request current, the K charging duration, and the K state of charge, and the k+1 st specific current, and the k+1 st state of charge based on the k+1 st temperature.

In some embodiments, the determining unit 1110 is further configured to determine a kth temperature variation according to the kth charging request current, the kth charging duration, and the cooling power of the battery in a case where the kth temperature is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold, determine a kth temperature variation according to the kth charging request current, the kth charging duration, and the heat generation power of the battery in a case where the kth temperature is less than the second temperature threshold, and determine a kth+1th temperature according to the kth temperature and the kth temperature variation.

The above description of the embodiments of the battery management system is similar to that of the method embodiments described above, with similar advantageous effects as the method embodiments. For technical details not disclosed in the embodiments of the apparatus of the present application, please refer to the description of the embodiments of the method of the present application.

In the embodiment of the present application, if the above-mentioned battery charging method is implemented in the form of a software functional module, and sold or used as a separate product, the battery charging method may also be stored in a computer storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application may be embodied in essence or a part contributing to the related art in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for causing a battery management system to execute all or part of the methods of the embodiments of the present application.

Referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a hardware entity of a battery management system according to some embodiments. The battery management system 110 includes a processor 1130 and a memory 1140, the memory 1140 storing a computer program, the processor 1130 being configured to execute the computer program to implement the method of any of the embodiments described above.

The memory 1140 stores computer programs executable on the processor, the memory 1140 is configured to store instructions and applications executable by the processor 1130, and may also cache data (e.g., image data, audio data, voice communication data, and video communication data) to be processed or already processed by each module in the battery management system 110, and may be implemented by a FLASH memory (FLASH) or a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM).

The steps of the battery charging method of any one of the above are implemented when the processor 1130 executes a program. Processor 1130 generally controls the overall operation of battery management system 110.

It should be noted here that the above description of the embodiments of the battery management system is similar to the description of the embodiments of the method described above, with similar advantageous effects as the embodiments of the method. For technical details not disclosed in the embodiments of the battery management system of the present application, please refer to the description of the method embodiments of the present application for understanding.

The battery management system, determination unit, execution unit, or Processor may include any one or an integration of a plurality of general purpose processors, application SPECIFIC INTEGRATED Circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DIGITAL SIGNAL processors, DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DIGITAL SIGNAL Processing Device, DSPDs), programmable logic devices (Programmable Logic Device, PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (Field Programmable GATE ARRAY, FPGA), central processing units (Central Processing Unit, CPUs), graphics processors (Graphics Processing Unit, GPUs), embedded neural network processors (real-network processing units, NPUs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. It will be appreciated that the electronic device implementing the above-mentioned processor function may be other, and embodiments of the present application are not limited in detail. The battery management system, determination unit, execution unit, or processor may implement or perform the methods, steps, and logic blocks disclosed in embodiments of the present application. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be embodied directly in the execution of a hardware decoding processor, or in the execution of a combination of hardware and software modules in a decoding processor. The software modules may be located in a random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. as well known in the art. The storage medium is located in a memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and, in combination with its hardware, performs the steps of the above method.

The memory or computer storage medium in embodiments of the application may be volatile memory or nonvolatile memory or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. The nonvolatile Memory may be a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Programmable ROM (PROM), an Erasable PROM (EPROM), an Electrically Erasable EPROM (EEPROM), or a flash Memory. The volatile memory may be random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) which acts as external cache memory. By way of example, and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (STATIC RAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DYNAMIC RAM, DRAM), synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM), double data rate Synchronous dynamic random access memory (Double DATA RATE SDRAM, DDR SDRAM), enhanced Synchronous dynamic random access memory (ENHANCED SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SYNCHLINK DRAM, SLDRAM), and Direct memory bus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory of the systems and methods described herein is intended to comprise, without being limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

It should be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment of the present application" or "the foregoing embodiment" or "some implementations" or "some embodiments" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" or "an embodiment of the application" or "the foregoing embodiments" or "some implementations" or "some embodiments" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present application, the sequence numbers of the foregoing processes do not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of the processes should be determined by the functions and internal logic thereof, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application. The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present application are merely for the purpose of description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

Without being specifically illustrated, the battery management system may perform any of the steps of the embodiments of the present application, and may be the processor of the battery management system performing the steps. Embodiments of the present application are not limited to the order in which the steps are performed by the battery management system unless specifically stated. In addition, the manner in which the data is processed in different embodiments may be the same method or different methods. It should be further noted that any step in the embodiments of the present application may be performed by the battery management system independently, that is, the battery management system may not depend on the performance of other steps when performing any step in the embodiments.

In the several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of elements is merely a logical division of functionality, and may be implemented in other manners, e.g., multiple elements or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. In addition, the various components shown or discussed may be coupled or directly coupled or communicatively coupled to each other via some interface, whether indirectly coupled or communicatively coupled to devices or units, whether electrically, mechanically, or otherwise.

The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place or distributed on a plurality of network units, and may select some or all of the units according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may be separately used as a unit, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit, where the integrated units may be implemented in a form of hardware or a form of hardware plus a form of software functional unit.

The methods disclosed in the method embodiments provided by the application can be arbitrarily combined under the condition of no conflict to obtain a new method embodiment.

The features disclosed in the several product embodiments provided by the application can be combined arbitrarily under the condition of no conflict to obtain new product embodiments.

The features disclosed in the embodiments of the method or the apparatus provided by the application can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new embodiments of the method or the apparatus.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that implementing all or part of the steps of the above method embodiments may be implemented by hardware associated with program instructions, where the above program may be stored in a computer storage medium, where the program when executed performs the steps comprising the above method embodiments, where the above storage medium includes various media that may store program code, such as a removable storage device, a Read Only Memory (ROM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

Or the above-described integrated units of the application may be stored in a computer storage medium if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as separate products. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the related art in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for causing a battery management system to perform all or part of the methods of the embodiments of the present application. The storage medium includes various media capable of storing program codes such as a removable storage device, a ROM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

In the embodiments of the present application, descriptions of the same steps and the same content in different embodiments may be referred to each other. In the embodiment of the present application, the term "and" does not affect the sequence of the steps, for example, the battery management system executes a and executes B, which may be that the battery management system executes a first and then executes B, or that the battery management system executes B first and then executes a, or that the battery management system executes B simultaneously with executing a.

As used in this embodiment of the application, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely an association relationship describing the associated object, and means that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, and that there may be three cases where a exists alone, while a and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.

In the embodiments of the present application, all or part of the steps may be performed, so long as a complete technical solution can be formed.

The foregoing is merely an embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and the changes and substitutions are intended to be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery charging method, characterized in that the method comprises:

When the battery is connected to a power source, determining an initial current according to an initial state of charge of the battery and an initial temperature of the battery;

Determining a maximum charging current of the battery from the initial state of charge to 100% state of charge according to the initial state of charge and the initial temperature;

Determine a plurality of preset currents according to a preset charging current interval and the maximum charging current; wherein the maximum current among the plurality of preset currents is the same as the maximum charging current;

Using the initial current, processing the multiple preset currents respectively to obtain multiple remaining charging times;

determining a target charging request current according to a preset current used to determine a minimum remaining charging time among the plurality of remaining charging time periods;

charging the battery according to the target charging request current;

The adopting the initial current and processing the multiple preset currents respectively to obtain multiple remaining charging times includes:

Using the initial current, processing each of the multiple preset currents, determining multiple charging request currents corresponding to multiple charging stages, and determining multiple charging durations according to the multiple charging request currents;

An accumulated value of the multiple charging time periods is determined as each remaining charging time period in the multiple remaining charging time periods.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of determining the target charging request current according to the preset current used to determine the minimum remaining charging time among the plurality of remaining charging time periods comprises:

Acquire a plurality of charging request currents respectively corresponding to a plurality of charging durations of the preset current used;

A plurality of charging request currents corresponding to the plurality of charging durations are determined as the target charging request current.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that before determining the initial current according to the initial state of charge of the battery and the initial temperature of the battery, the method further comprises:

Determining a maximum state of charge and a minimum state of charge among states of charge of a plurality of battery cells in the battery, and a maximum temperature and a minimum temperature among temperatures of the plurality of battery cells;

determining a first current according to the maximum state of charge and the maximum temperature, determining a second current according to the maximum state of charge and the minimum temperature, determining a third current according to the minimum state of charge and the maximum temperature, and determining a fourth current according to the minimum state of charge and the minimum temperature;

determining a minimum current among the first current, the second current, the third current, and the fourth current;

The state of charge and temperature used to determine the minimum current are determined as the initial state of charge and the initial temperature, respectively.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, when the initial state of charge of each charging stage in the multiple charging stages is greater than or equal to 0% state of charge and less than the first state of charge, or when the initial state of charge of each charging stage is greater than the second state of charge and less than 100% state of charge, the change in the state of charge of each charging stage is the third state of charge;

When the initial state of charge of each charging stage is greater than or equal to the first state of charge and less than or equal to the second state of charge, the change in the state of charge of each charging stage is a fourth state of charge;

The third state of charge is smaller than the fourth state of charge.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the initial state of charge is the first state of charge, the initial temperature is the first temperature; the initial current is the first specific current; the multiple charging stages include the first to Kth charging stages, the multiple charging request currents include the first to Kth charging request currents, the multiple charging durations include the first to Kth charging durations, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

The adopting the initial current, processing each of the plurality of preset currents, determining a plurality of charging request currents corresponding to the plurality of charging stages, and determining a plurality of charging durations respectively according to the plurality of charging request currents, comprises:

The smaller current between each preset current and the kth specific current is determined as the kth charging request current in the kth charging stage; k is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K ;

Determining a kth charging duration according to the kth charging request current and a change amount from a preset kth state of charge to a k +1th state of charge;

Determining a k +1th temperature according to the kth charging request current, the kth charging duration, and the kth temperature;

A k +1th specific current is determined according to the k +1th temperature and the k +1th state of charge.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the determining the k +1th temperature according to the kth charging request current, the kth charging duration and the kth temperature comprises:

When the kth temperature is greater than or equal to a first temperature threshold, the kth temperature change is determined according to the kth charging request current, the kth charging duration, and the cooling power of the battery; when the kth temperature is less than a second temperature threshold, the kth temperature change is determined according to the kth charging request current, the kth charging duration, and the heat generation power of the battery; the first temperature threshold is greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold;

The k +1th temperature is determined according to the kth temperature and the kth temperature change.

7. A battery management system, characterized in that the battery management system comprises:

A determination unit, configured to: determine an initial current according to an initial state of charge of the battery and an initial temperature of the battery when the battery is connected to a power source; determine a maximum charging current of the battery from the initial state of charge to a 100% state of charge according to the initial state of charge and the initial temperature; determine a plurality of preset currents according to a preset charging current interval and the maximum charging current; wherein the maximum current among the plurality of preset currents is the same as the maximum charging current; use the initial current to process the plurality of preset currents respectively to obtain a plurality of remaining charging times; determine a target charging request current according to the preset current used to determine a minimum remaining charging time among the plurality of remaining charging times;

An execution unit, configured to: charge the battery according to the target charging request current;

The determination unit is further used to: use the initial current to process each of the multiple preset currents, determine multiple charging request currents corresponding to the multiple charging stages, and determine multiple charging times according to the multiple charging request currents; and determine the accumulated value of the multiple charging times as each of the multiple remaining charging times.

8. A battery management system, characterized in that the battery management system comprises: a processor and a memory; the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is used to execute the computer program to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.