CN118560226B - Thermal management system and method suitable for electric engineering machinery and engineering machinery - Google Patents
Thermal management system and method suitable for electric engineering machinery and engineering machinery Download PDFInfo
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- CN118560226B CN118560226B CN202411054426.5A CN202411054426A CN118560226B CN 118560226 B CN118560226 B CN 118560226B CN 202411054426 A CN202411054426 A CN 202411054426A CN 118560226 B CN118560226 B CN 118560226B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00321—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices
- B60H1/00342—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices of the liquid-liquid type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/04—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant from cooling liquid of the plant
- B60H1/06—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant from cooling liquid of the plant directly from main radiator
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/14—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit
- B60H1/143—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit the heat being derived from cooling an electric component, e.g. electric motors, electric circuits, fuel cells or batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3227—Cooling devices using compression characterised by the arrangement or the type of heat exchanger, e.g. condenser, evaporator
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
- B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
- B60K11/04—Arrangement or mounting of radiators, radiator shutters, or radiator blinds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H2001/3286—Constructional features
- B60H2001/3289—Additional cooling source
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The application relates to the field of engineering machinery, and discloses a thermal management system and method suitable for electric engineering machinery and the engineering machinery. The thermal management system comprises an air conditioning circulation subsystem, a hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem, a motor thermal circulation subsystem, a battery thermal circulation subsystem and a control subsystem; the air conditioning circulation subsystem comprises a refrigeration circulation loop and a heating circulation loop; the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem is connected with the heating circulation loop through a first heat exchanger; the battery thermal cycle subsystem is connected with the refrigeration cycle loop through a second heat exchanger, or the battery thermal cycle subsystem is connected with the refrigeration cycle loop through the second heat exchanger and is connected with the hydraulic oil thermal cycle subsystem through a third heat exchanger. The heat management system disclosed by the application can realize the requirements of motor heat dissipation, battery heat dissipation or heating, cab refrigeration or heating and low-temperature cold start of a hydraulic system, thereby saving the cost, improving the energy utilization rate and reducing the electric energy consumption of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of engineering machinery, and particularly relates to a thermal management system and method suitable for electric engineering machinery and the engineering machinery.
Background
Along with the continuous progress of social science and technology, new energy technology is also becoming mature, and engineering machinery gradually tends to become new energy.
The heat management technology adopted by the existing purely electric engineering machinery mainly adopts the technology of passenger cars and commercial vehicles, and mainly carries out heat dissipation exchange and management on batteries, motors, electric control and air conditioners: the motor is controlled by adopting independent water cooling circulation to dissipate heat; the battery cooling generally adopts an independent refrigerant loop device or a refrigerant loop shared with an air conditioner to dissipate heat, and the battery heating and the air conditioner heating generally adopt electric heating.
However, the existing thermal management technology is applied to engineering machinery products, the system characteristics and application scenes of the engineering machinery are not considered, the energy distribution is unreasonable, and particularly, aiming at low-temperature application scenes, the energy utilization rate is poor, so that the consumption of a battery is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a thermal management system, a thermal management method and engineering machinery suitable for electric engineering machinery, which are used for solving the problems that the conventional thermal management technology is applied to engineering machinery products, the system characteristics and application scenes of the engineering machinery are not considered, the energy distribution is unreasonable, and the battery consumption is high due to poor energy utilization especially in low-temperature application scenes.
To achieve the above object, an aspect of the present application provides a thermal management system adapted for an electric engineering machine, comprising:
the air conditioning circulation subsystem comprises a refrigeration circulation loop and a heating circulation loop;
the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem is connected with the heating circulation loop through a first heat exchanger;
The motor thermal cycle subsystem shares a first radiator with the air conditioner cycle subsystem;
The battery thermal cycle subsystem is connected with the refrigeration cycle loop through a second heat exchanger, or is connected with the refrigeration cycle loop through a second heat exchanger and is connected with the hydraulic oil thermal cycle subsystem through a third heat exchanger;
The control subsystem is electrically connected with the air conditioning circulation subsystem, the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem, the motor thermal circulation subsystem and the battery thermal circulation subsystem and is used for regulating and controlling the work of the air conditioning circulation subsystem, the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem, the motor thermal circulation subsystem and the battery thermal circulation subsystem;
the control subsystem is configured to control the heating circulation loop to work to exchange heat with the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem under the condition that the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem needs to be started in a low-temperature environment, and after the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem is started, the control subsystem is further configured to adjust the heating quantity of the heating circulation loop according to the temperature of the hydraulic oil.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme:
In some embodiments, the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem includes a second radiator, a first flow regulator valve, a second flow regulator valve, and a temperature sensor;
The inlet and outlet ends of the second radiator are connected with a hydraulic system in engineering machinery through hydraulic pipelines, and the inlet and outlet ends of the second radiator are also connected with the secondary side of the first heat exchanger through first heat exchange oil pipes;
The first flow regulating valve is arranged on the hydraulic pipeline and is close to the liquid inlet end of the second radiator;
The second flow regulating valve is arranged on the first heat exchange oil pipe and is close to the liquid inlet end of the secondary side of the first heat exchanger;
the temperature sensor is arranged on the first heat exchange oil pipe and is used for feeding back the temperature information of the hydraulic oil to the control subsystem in real time;
The liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the primary side of the first heat exchanger are connected with the heating circulation loop.
In some embodiments, the heating cycle loop includes a first water heater, a third radiator, and a first water pump connected in sequence by a first water circulation line;
The water inlet end of the first water circulation pipeline is connected with the water outlet end of the primary side of the first heat exchanger, and the water outlet end of the first water circulation pipeline is connected with the liquid inlet end of the primary side of the first heat exchanger.
In some embodiments, the battery thermal cycle subsystem is connected to the refrigeration cycle loop through a second heat exchanger;
The battery thermal cycle subsystem comprises a second water pump, a second water heater and a battery which are sequentially connected through a second water circulation pipeline, wherein the water inlet end of the second water circulation pipeline is connected with the liquid outlet end of the primary side of the second heat exchanger, and the liquid outlet end of the second water circulation pipeline is connected with the liquid inlet end of the primary side of the second heat exchanger;
And the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the secondary side of the second heat exchanger are connected with the refrigeration cycle loop.
In some embodiments, the battery thermal cycle subsystem is connected to the refrigeration cycle loop through a second heat exchanger and to the hydraulic oil thermal cycle subsystem through a third heat exchanger;
The battery thermal cycle subsystem further comprises a third water cycle pipeline, the third water cycle pipeline is connected with the second water cycle pipeline, the water inlet end of the third water cycle pipeline is connected with the liquid outlet end of the primary side of the third heat exchanger, and the water outlet end of the third water cycle pipeline is connected with the liquid inlet end of the primary side of the third heat exchanger;
And the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the secondary side of the third heat exchanger are connected with the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem.
In some embodiments, the second water circulation line and the third water circulation line are each provided with a solenoid valve.
In some embodiments, the third heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are arranged in parallel, and the third heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are connected through a second heat exchange oil pipe.
In some embodiments, a third flow regulating valve is arranged on the second heat exchange oil pipe, and the third flow regulating valve is positioned at the liquid inlet end of the secondary side of the third heat exchanger.
A second aspect of the present application provides a thermal management method applicable to an electric engineering machine, applied to the thermal management system applicable to an electric engineering machine according to the first aspect, the thermal management method including:
When the motor has a heat dissipation requirement, the motor thermal cycle subsystem is started to independently operate for heat dissipation;
When the battery has heat dissipation requirement, the battery thermal cycle subsystem is started and the air conditioner cycle subsystem is started to perform refrigeration, so that the battery thermal cycle subsystem and the refrigeration cycle loop perform heat exchange through the second heat exchanger;
When the battery has a heating requirement, a second water heater in the battery thermal circulation subsystem is started to heat circulating water in the battery thermal circulation subsystem, or the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem is started to exchange heat with the battery thermal circulation subsystem through the third heat exchanger;
When the cab has a refrigerating requirement, a refrigerating circulation loop in the air conditioning circulation subsystem is started to exchange heat with the cab, and when the cab has a heating requirement, a heating circulation loop in the air conditioning circulation subsystem is started to exchange heat with the cab;
when the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem is required to be started in a low-temperature environment, the heating circulation loop is controlled to work so as to exchange heat with the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem, and after the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem is started, the heating quantity of the heating circulation loop is regulated according to the temperature of the hydraulic oil.
A third aspect of the application provides a work machine comprising a thermal management system according to the first aspect adapted for use in an electric work machine.
Compared with the prior art, the application provides a thermal management system and method suitable for electric engineering machinery and the engineering machinery, wherein the thermal management system comprises an air conditioning circulation subsystem, a hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem, a motor thermal circulation subsystem, a battery thermal circulation subsystem and a control subsystem. The heat management system is used for carrying out integrated control on the air conditioning circulation subsystem, the hydraulic oil heat circulation subsystem, the motor heat circulation subsystem and the battery heat circulation subsystem through the control subsystem, wherein the motor heat circulation subsystem and the air conditioning circulation subsystem share a first radiator, the hydraulic oil heat circulation subsystem and the heating circulation loop carry out heat exchange through a first heat exchanger, the battery heat circulation subsystem and the refrigerating circulation loop carry out heat exchange through a second heat exchanger, or the battery heat circulation subsystem and the refrigerating circulation loop are connected through the second heat exchanger and carry out heat exchange with the hydraulic oil heat circulation subsystem through a third heat exchanger, so that heat generated by the operation of the hydraulic system can be distributed to the air conditioning circulation subsystem through the hydraulic oil heat circulation subsystem to heat or can be distributed to the battery heat circulation subsystem to heat the battery, and meanwhile, the heat generated by the heating circulation loop in the air conditioning circulation subsystem can also be used for realizing the heating of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil heat circulation subsystem. The heat management system provided by the application can realize the heat dissipation requirement of the motor, the heat dissipation or heating requirement of the battery, the refrigerating or heating requirement of the cab and the low-temperature cold start requirement of the hydraulic system, reduce the arrangement of heat dissipation devices such as a radiator, a heat dissipation fan and the like, realize reasonable energy distribution, and has high energy utilization rate in low-temperature application scenes, thereby greatly reducing the electric energy consumption of the battery.
Additional features and advantages of embodiments of the application will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain, without limitation, the embodiments of the application. Other figures may be made from the structures shown in these figures without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a thermal management system for an electric machine according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating another thermal management system for an electric machine according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a piping structure diagram of a thermal management system for an electric construction machine according to a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of another thermal management system for an electric engineering machine according to a second embodiment of the present application.
Description of the reference numerals
100. An air conditioning circulation subsystem; 110. a heating circulation loop; 111. a first water circulation line; 112. a first water heater; 113. a first water pump; 114. a third heat sink; 115. a first expansion tank; 120. a refrigeration cycle circuit; 121. a refrigerant main line; 122. a compressor; 123. a condenser; 124. a first electromagnetic expansion valve; 125. an air conditioner heat exchanger in a vehicle; 126. a refrigerant circulation pipeline; 127. a second electromagnetic expansion valve;
200. A hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem; 210. a second heat sink; 220. a first flow regulating valve; 230. a second flow regulating valve; 240. a temperature sensor; 250. a hydraulic line; 260. a first heat exchange oil pipe; 270. the second heat exchange oil pipe; 280. a third flow rate adjustment valve;
300. A motor thermal cycle subsystem; 310. a fourth water circulation line; 320. a third water pump; 330. the motor is electrically controlled; 340. a first heat sink; 350. a third expansion tank;
400. A battery thermal cycling subsystem; 410. a second water circulation line; 420. a second water pump; 430. a second water heater; 440. a battery; 450. a third water circulation line; 460. an electromagnetic valve; 470. a second expansion tank;
500. a first heat exchanger;
600. a second heat exchanger;
700. a third heat exchanger;
800. a control subsystem;
900. A cab;
1000. And a hydraulic system.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the application, are not intended to limit the application.
The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with exemplary embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a thermal management system suitable for an electric engineering machine, hereinafter referred to as a thermal management system.
In the present embodiment, the thermal management system includes an air conditioning cycle subsystem 100, a hydraulic oil thermal cycle subsystem 200, a motor thermal cycle subsystem 300, a battery thermal cycle subsystem 400, and a control subsystem 800.
The air conditioning cycle subsystem 100 may be used to cool or heat the cab 900 of the work machine to improve the driving experience. The hydraulic oil thermal cycle subsystem 200 is used for dissipating heat of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic system 1000. The motor thermal cycle subsystem 300 is used to perform a heat dissipation process on the motor. The battery thermal cycle subsystem 400 is used to dissipate heat or heat an energy-storing battery 440.
The control subsystem 800 is electrically connected to the air conditioning and heat-cycle subsystems 100, 200, 300, and 400, and is used for controlling the air conditioning and heat-cycle subsystems 100, 200, 300, and 400.
The air conditioning cycle subsystem 100 includes a refrigeration cycle circuit 120 and a heating cycle circuit 110, and the refrigeration cycle circuit 120 and the heating cycle circuit 110 are independent two circuits. The refrigeration cycle 120 may be a water-cooled circuit or a refrigerant circuit; the heating circulation circuit 110 is a water heating circuit.
The hydraulic oil thermal cycle subsystem 200 is connected to the heating cycle circuit 110 through the first heat exchanger 500. In this manner, the hydraulic oil thermal cycle subsystem 200 and the heating cycle loop 110 can exchange heat through the first heat exchanger 500.
It can be appreciated that when the heating cycle is performed by the heating cycle circuit 110, the generated heat can be increased to the hydraulic oil thermal cycle subsystem 200 by the first heat exchanger 500 to heat the hydraulic oil to reduce the viscosity of the hydraulic oil, so as to realize the cold start of the hydraulic system 1000. Of course, when the hydraulic system 1000 works normally, the temperature of the hydraulic oil will rise accordingly, so that the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem 200 can transfer the redundant temperature of the hydraulic oil to the heating circulation loop 110 through the first heat exchanger 500, thus reducing the heating amount required by the heating circulation loop 110 itself and realizing heat dissipation of the hydraulic oil.
The motor thermal cycle subsystem 300 shares a first radiator 340 with the air conditioning cycle subsystem 100. Therefore, the use of one radiator can be reduced, on one hand, the cost and the energy consumption are reduced, on the other hand, the space is saved, and the system is simplified.
Referring to fig. 1, a battery thermal cycle subsystem 400 is connected to a refrigeration cycle circuit 120 through a second heat exchanger 600. As such, the battery thermal cycle subsystem 400 exchanges heat with the refrigeration cycle circuit 120 through the second heat exchanger 600. It will be appreciated that when the battery 440 needs to be cooled and dissipated, the refrigeration cycle 120 exchanges heat with the battery thermal cycle subsystem 400 through the second heat exchanger 600, thereby taking away the heat generated by the battery 440. When the battery 440 needs to be heated in a low temperature operating environment, the heating may be performed by a heater built in the battery thermal cycle subsystem 400.
Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, the battery thermal cycle subsystem 400 is connected to the refrigeration cycle circuit 120 through a second heat exchanger 600 and to the hydraulic oil thermal cycle subsystem 200 through a third heat exchanger 700. As such, the battery thermal cycle subsystem 400 may, on the one hand, carry away heat generated by the battery 440 through heat exchange with the refrigeration cycle circuit 120; on the other hand, the heat exchange between the battery thermal circulation subsystem 400 and the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem 200 can be realized through the third heat exchanger 700, so that the hydraulic oil can be heated by using the heat generated by the battery 440 or the battery 440 can be heated by using the heat generated by the hydraulic oil.
In the present embodiment, the control subsystem 800 is further configured to control the heating circulation loop 110 to perform heat exchange with the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem 200 in the case where the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem 200 needs to be started in a low-temperature environment, and after the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem 200 is started, the control subsystem 800 is further configured to adjust the heating capacity of the heating circulation loop 110 itself according to the temperature of the hydraulic oil. Thus, the energy consumption for heating the heating circulation loop 110 can be saved.
Optionally, the control subsystem 800 includes a controller, such as a PLC controller.
Referring to fig. 1, further, the present embodiment also provides a thermal management method applicable to an electric engineering machine, which is applied to the thermal management system applicable to an electric engineering machine provided in the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the thermal management method includes:
When the motor has a heat dissipation requirement, the motor thermal cycle subsystem 300 is started to independently operate for heat dissipation;
when the heat dissipation requirement of the battery 440 exists, the battery thermal cycle subsystem 400 is started and the air conditioner cycle subsystem 100 is started to perform refrigeration, so that the battery thermal cycle subsystem 400 and the refrigeration cycle loop 120 perform heat exchange through the second heat exchanger 600;
when the battery 440 has a heating requirement, the second water heater 430 in the battery thermal cycle subsystem 400 is started to heat the circulating water in the battery thermal cycle subsystem 400, or the hydraulic oil thermal cycle subsystem 200 is started to exchange heat with the battery thermal cycle subsystem 400 through the third heat exchanger 700 (refer to fig. 2, implemented in a scheme provided with the third heat exchanger 700);
When the cab 900 has a refrigerating requirement, the refrigerating circulation loop 120 in the air conditioning circulation subsystem 100 is started to exchange heat with the cab 900, and when the cab 900 has a heating requirement, the heating circulation loop 110 in the air conditioning circulation subsystem 100 is started to exchange heat with the cab 900;
when the hydraulic oil thermal cycle subsystem 200 needs to be started in a low-temperature environment, the heating cycle loop 110 is controlled to work so as to exchange heat with the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil thermal cycle subsystem 200, and after the hydraulic oil thermal cycle subsystem 200 is started, the heating quantity of the heating cycle loop 110 is regulated according to the temperature of the hydraulic oil.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment also provides a construction machine. The engineering machine comprises the thermal management system suitable for the electric engineering machine according to the first embodiment. The construction machine is driven by the battery 440, i.e., an electric construction machine. The work machine also includes a hydraulic system 1000.
Compared with the prior art, the thermal management system provided by the application comprises the air conditioning circulation subsystem 100, the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem 200, the motor thermal circulation subsystem 300 and the battery thermal circulation subsystem 400 are integrally controlled through the control subsystem 800, wherein the motor thermal circulation subsystem 300 and the air conditioning circulation subsystem 100 share the first radiator 340, the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem 200 and the heating circulation loop 110 exchange heat through the first heat exchanger 500, the battery thermal circulation subsystem 400 and the refrigerating circulation loop 120 exchange heat through the second heat exchanger 600, or the battery thermal circulation subsystem 400 and the refrigerating circulation loop 120 are connected through the second heat exchanger 600 and exchange heat with the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem 200 through the third heat exchanger 700, so that heat generated by the operation of the hydraulic system 1000 can be distributed to the air conditioning circulation subsystem 100 through the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem 200 for heating or can be distributed to the battery thermal circulation subsystem 400 for heating the battery 440, and meanwhile, the heating of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem 200 can be realized by utilizing the heat generated by the heating circulation loop 110 in the air conditioning circulation subsystem 100.
In this way, the thermal management system provided in this embodiment can realize the heat dissipation requirement of the motor, the heat dissipation or heating requirement of the battery 440, the refrigeration or heating requirement of the cab 900, and the low-temperature cold start requirement of the hydraulic system 1000, reduce the arrangement of heat dissipation devices such as a radiator and a heat dissipation fan, realize reasonable energy distribution, and in a low-temperature application scenario, the energy utilization rate is high, and the electric energy consumption of the battery 440 can be greatly reduced.
Example two
Referring to fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a thermal management system. This embodiment is an improvement on the technical basis of the first embodiment, and is different from the first embodiment in that:
in the present embodiment, the hydraulic oil thermal circulation subsystem 200 includes a second radiator 210, a first flow rate adjustment valve 220, a second flow rate adjustment valve 230, and a temperature sensor 240.
The inlet and outlet ends of the second radiator 210 are connected with the hydraulic system 1000 in the engineering machinery through hydraulic pipelines 250, and the inlet and outlet ends of the second radiator 210 are also connected with the secondary side of the first heat exchanger 500 through first heat exchange oil pipes 260. As such, the second radiator 210 is arranged in parallel with the first heat exchanger 500 through the first heat exchange oil pipe 260. The liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the primary side of the first heat exchanger 500 are connected to the heating cycle 110.
Wherein, the first flow regulating valve 220 is disposed on the hydraulic pipeline 250 and is close to the liquid inlet end of the second radiator 210; the second flow regulating valve 230 is disposed on the first heat exchanging oil pipe 260 near the liquid inlet end of the secondary side of the first heat exchanger 500. In this manner, the magnitude of the flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing through the second radiator 210 can be adjusted by the first flow rate adjusting valve 220. The flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing through the first heat exchanger 500 can also be regulated by the second flow regulating valve 230.
Further, a temperature sensor 240 is disposed on the first heat exchange oil pipe 260, and the temperature sensor 240 is configured to feed back temperature information of hydraulic oil to the control subsystem 800 in real time.
It is appreciated that the second radiator 210 is a heat sink for the hydraulic oil thermal cycle subsystem 200 itself. The first heat exchanger 500 mainly exchanges heat with the heating cycle 110. In a low temperature operating environment, the control subsystem 800 may reduce hydraulic oil from entering the second radiator 210 to dissipate heat by controlling the first flow control valve 220. And regulates the second flow regulating valve 230 to increase the flow rate into the first heat exchanger 500 so that the hydraulic oil can exchange heat with the heating circulation circuit 110. When the temperature sensor 240 detects that the hydraulic oil reaches an appropriate operating temperature range, the opening degree of the second flow rate adjustment valve 230 is appropriately decreased while the opening degree of the first flow rate adjustment valve 220 is increased to ensure that the temperature of the hydraulic oil is maintained within an appropriate temperature range. In some embodiments, the second flow regulator valve 230 may close the flow into the first heat exchanger 500 directly as the hydraulic oil temperature continues to rise beyond a preset upper temperature limit.
The heating circulation circuit 110 includes a first water heater 112, a third radiator 114, and a first water pump 113, which are sequentially connected through a first water circulation line 111. The water inlet end of the first water circulation pipeline 111 is connected to the water outlet end of the primary side of the first heat exchanger 500, and the water outlet end of the first water circulation pipeline 111 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the primary side of the first heat exchanger 500. The first water pump 113 may drive the water in the first water circulation line 111 to flow through the first water heater 112 and the third radiator 114. The first heater may heat the water in the first water circulation line 111. The third radiator 114 is disposed in the cab 900 to exchange heat with air in the cab 900, thereby realizing a heating function.
Further, the heating circulation loop 110 further includes a first expansion tank 115, and the first expansion tank 115 is connected to the first water circulation line 111 through a water replenishing pipe for replenishing water to the first water circulation line 111.
In the present embodiment, the refrigeration cycle 120 includes a compressor 122, a condenser 123, a first electromagnetic expansion valve 124, and an in-vehicle air-conditioning heat exchanger 125, which are sequentially connected through a refrigerant main line 121. The air-conditioning heat exchanger 125 in the vehicle and the third radiator 114 share a fan to radiate heat, so as to reduce the number of fans and the occupation of space, and the arrangement structure is more compact, thereby improving the space utilization rate.
Referring to fig. 3, the battery thermal cycle subsystem 400 is connected to the refrigeration cycle circuit 120 through a second heat exchanger 600.
Further, the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the secondary side of the second heat exchanger 600 are both connected with the refrigeration cycle circuit 120, and the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the primary side of the second heat exchanger 600 are both connected with the battery thermal cycle subsystem 400.
Specifically, the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the secondary side of the second heat exchanger 600 are connected to the refrigerant main pipe 121 through the refrigerant circulation sub-pipe 126. In this way, the refrigerant can flow through the second heat exchanger 600 via the refrigerant circulation sub-line 126. The refrigerant circulation sub-line 126 is provided with a second electromagnetic expansion valve 127, and the second electromagnetic expansion valve 127 is close to the liquid inlet end side of the secondary side of the second heat exchanger 600.
Further, the battery thermal cycle subsystem 400 includes a second water pump 420, a second water heater 430 and a battery 440 sequentially connected through a second water circulation pipe 410, wherein a water inlet end of the second water circulation pipe 410 is connected to a liquid outlet end of the primary side of the second heat exchanger 600, and a liquid outlet end of the second water circulation pipe 410 is connected to a liquid inlet end of the primary side of the second heat exchanger 600.
In this way, the second water pump 420 starts the heat-dissipating water flow path that drives the water in the second water circulation line 410 to flow through the second water heater 430 and the arrangement in the battery 440, thereby exchanging heat with the battery 440 in the heat-dissipating water flow path, and finally, bringing the heat of the battery 440 to the second heat exchanger 600 to exchange heat with the refrigerant, thereby dissipating heat from the battery 440. When the refrigeration cycle circuit 120 is in a low-temperature environment, the water in the second water circulation pipeline 410 flows through the second water heater 430, the second heater is started to heat the water, and the heated water enters the heat dissipation water flow channel in the battery 440 to heat the battery 440, so that the battery 440 works in a proper temperature environment, and the battery 440 is ensured to be kept in a high-efficiency working state.
Referring to fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the battery thermal cycle subsystem 400 is connected to the refrigeration cycle circuit 120 through the second heat exchanger 600 and to the hydraulic oil thermal cycle subsystem 200 through the third heat exchanger 700. Compared to the above-described scheme in which the battery thermal cycle subsystem 400 is connected only to the refrigeration cycle circuit 120 through the second heat exchanger 600, the difference is as follows:
The specific structure of the connection between the battery thermal cycle subsystem 400 and the refrigeration cycle circuit 120 via the second heat exchanger 600 is described in detail above, and will not be described herein.
Further, the battery thermal cycle subsystem 400 further includes a third water circulation pipeline 450, the third water circulation pipeline 450 is connected to the second water circulation pipeline 410, the water inlet end of the third water circulation pipeline 450 is connected to the liquid outlet end of the primary side of the third heat exchanger 700, and the water outlet end of the third water circulation pipeline 450 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the primary side of the third heat exchanger 700.
Wherein, solenoid valves 460 are provided on the second water circulation line 410 and the third water circulation line 450. Thus, the second water circulation line 410 or the third water circulation line 450 can be controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding solenoid valve 460.
In this embodiment, the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the secondary side of the third heat exchanger 700 are both connected to the hydraulic oil thermal cycle subsystem 200.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the third heat exchanger 700 and the second heat exchanger 600 are arranged in parallel, and the third heat exchanger 700 and the second heat exchanger 600 are connected through the second heat exchange oil pipe 270. The second heat exchange oil pipe 270 is provided with a third flow regulating valve 280, and the third flow regulating valve 280 is positioned at the liquid inlet end of the secondary side of the third heat exchanger 700. In this way, the flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing through the third heat exchanger 700 can be controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the third flow rate adjusting valve 280.
Further, the battery thermal cycle subsystem 400 further includes a second expansion tank 470, and the second expansion tank 470 is connected to the second water circulation line 410 through a water replenishing pipe for replenishing water to the battery thermal cycle subsystem 400.
In some embodiments, the motor thermal cycle subsystem 300 is a relatively independent heat dissipation system, wherein the motor thermal cycle subsystem 300 includes a fourth water circulation line 310, a third water pump 320, a motor electronic control 330, a first radiator 340, and a third expansion tank 350.
The fourth water circulation pipeline 310 is sequentially connected with the third water pump 320, the motor electric control 330 and the first radiator 340. The third water pump 320 is started to drive the water in the fourth water circulation pipeline 310 to flow through the motor electric control 330 and the first radiator 340, and heat generated in the motor electric control 330 is taken away by forced air cooling generated by a fan in the first radiator 340.
Further, the first radiator 340 corresponds to the condenser 123 in the refrigeration cycle 120 and shares a blower. The fan in the first radiator 340 may thus also take away heat from the condenser 123.
The third expansion tank 350 is connected to the fourth water circulation line 310 through a water replenishment pipe for replenishing the motor thermal circulation subsystem 300.
It should be noted that, in the present application, unless otherwise stated, terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are used for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the application.
The structures of the air conditioning cycle subsystem 100, the hydraulic system 1000, the water heater, the heat exchanger, the primary side and the secondary side of the heat exchanger and the like in the above embodiments are well known to those skilled in the art, and are not included in the core improvement of the present application, and thus are not described herein.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the application, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the application.
Claims (9)
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| CN216942596U (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-07-12 | 福建宏大时代新能源科技有限公司 | Air-conditioning heating and hydraulic oil heat management system of pure electric card |
| CN118163563A (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-06-11 | 杭州绿能新能源汽车部件有限公司 | Thermal management system |
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| CN113442679B (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2022-12-09 | 江苏汇智高端工程机械创新中心有限公司 | Engineering machine and integrated thermal management system |
| CN114261255A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-04-01 | 中联重科土方机械有限公司 | Thermal management system of vehicle and excavator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN216942596U (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-07-12 | 福建宏大时代新能源科技有限公司 | Air-conditioning heating and hydraulic oil heat management system of pure electric card |
| CN118163563A (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-06-11 | 杭州绿能新能源汽车部件有限公司 | Thermal management system |
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