CN118555050B - Cross-layer optimized data transmission method and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Cross-layer optimized data transmission method and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of carrier communication, and particularly provides a cross-layer optimized data transmission method and electronic equipment, wherein the method is applied to the electronic equipment carrying a MIMO-OFDM system and comprises the following steps: acquiring digital data to be transmitted; modulating the digital data to obtain corresponding symbol data; performing space diversity processing on the symbol data to obtain a plurality of data streams; performing MIMO precoding, OFDM modulation and inverse Fourier transform on each data stream, generating a cross-layer resource allocation model according to the MIMO precoding, OFDM modulation and inverse Fourier transform, and solving the cross-layer resource allocation model to obtain a target time domain signal under optimal allocation power and minimum PAPR; and D, performing digital-to-analog conversion on the target time domain signal to obtain an analog signal and transmitting the analog signal. Therefore, the PAPR of the system can be reduced, nonlinear distortion is avoided, and the performance and efficiency of the system are improved. And higher resource allocation efficiency is achieved while reducing PAPR in cross-layer optimization.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of carrier communication, in particular to a cross-layer optimized data transmission method and electronic equipment.
Background
In recent years, with rapid development of wireless communication technology and rapid growth of mobile communication users, higher demands are being made on performance and reliability of communication systems. In this case, a multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (Multiple Input Multiple Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, MIMO-OFDM) technology has gained wide attention and application as an important communication scheme. The MIMO-OFDM technology combines the MIMO technology and the OFDM technology, and aims to improve the frequency spectrum efficiency, the anti-interference capability and the reliability of the system.
Cross-layer optimization is one of the important directions of MIMO-OFDM system research. In conventional wireless communication systems, the designs between the layers tend to be independent of each other, lacking overall optimization. And cross-layer optimization realizes interaction between a wireless link layer and an MAC layer by breaking the boundary between layers, and can dynamically allocate resources according to strategies such as time variability, power allocation adjustment and the like of a wireless channel, thereby improving the overall performance of the system. In the MIMO-OFDM system, cross-layer optimization needs to consider not only allocation of resources such as subcarriers, power, time slots, etc., but also spatial diversity and multiplexing gain of the MIMO technology. Therefore, how to realize the effective allocation of cross-layer resources on the premise of meeting the minimum rate constraint is an important subject of the research of the MIMO-OFDM system.
The OFDM technology can effectively resist multipath interference and channel fading by dividing a high-speed data stream into a plurality of parallel low-speed sub-data streams and transmitting on mutually orthogonal sub-carriers. However, OFDM systems also have problems such as peak to average power ratio (Peak to Average Power Ratio, PAPR): high PAPR can not only lead to inefficiency in the transmitter power amplifier, but can also cause nonlinear distortion, affecting the performance of the system.
Because the high PAPR can cause the problems of low efficiency, nonlinear distortion and the like of the system when the power of the transmitting end is amplified, the performance of the system is affected, and the requirements of cross-layer optimization on the PAPR are relatively high. Then, the null-breaking precoding technique is simply adopted, and the reduction of the PAPR is prioritized and a certain resource allocation efficiency is sacrificed, so that it is difficult to realize efficient resource allocation in the communication process. How to reduce PAPR as much as possible in cross-layer optimization and seek higher resource allocation efficiency is a problem that needs to be solved in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application aims to provide a cross-layer optimized data transmission method and electronic equipment, so as to reduce PAPR in cross-layer optimization and realize higher resource allocation efficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present application is achieved by:
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for cross-layer optimized data transmission, including: acquiring digital data to be transmitted; modulating the digital data to obtain corresponding symbol data; performing space diversity processing on the symbol data to obtain a plurality of data streams; performing MIMO precoding, OFDM modulation and inverse Fourier transform on each data stream, generating a cross-layer resource allocation model according to the MIMO precoding, OFDM modulation and inverse Fourier transform, and solving the cross-layer resource allocation model to obtain a target time domain signal under optimal allocation power and minimum PAPR; and D, performing digital-to-analog conversion on the target time domain signal to obtain an analog signal and transmitting the analog signal.
With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, performing MIMO precoding, OFDM modulation, and inverse fourier transform on each data stream, generating a cross-layer resource allocation model according to the MIMO precoding, OFDM modulation, and inverse fourier transform, and solving the cross-layer resource allocation model to obtain a target time domain signal under optimal allocation power and minimum PAPR, where the method includes: MIMO precoding is carried out on each data stream, and corresponding precoding vectors are obtained; performing OFDM modulation on the pre-coding vector to obtain a corresponding OFDM frequency domain signal; performing inverse Fourier transform on the OFDM frequency domain signal to obtain a corresponding time domain signal; performing M times of oversampling and Fourier transformation on the time domain signal to determine the PAPR of the time domain signal; constructing MIMO precoding-OFDM modulation constraint, and generating PAPR optimization objective function based on the MIMO precoding-OFDM modulation constraint; generating a cross-layer resource allocation model based on the PAPR optimization objective function; and solving a cross-layer resource allocation model to obtain the target time domain signal under the optimal allocation power and the minimum PAPR.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a base station side of the MIMO-OFDM system hasThe root of the transmitting antenna is used to transmit,The individual user terminals are distributed in the cell, each user terminal havingThe root of the receiving antenna is provided with a receiving antenna,The total number of OFDM subcarriers isAnd carrying out MIMO precoding on each data stream to obtain corresponding precoding vectors, wherein the method comprises the following steps: for each data stream: determining signal vector corresponding to data flowRepresentation is used in the firstInclusion of transmissions on individual subcarriersData of individual user terminals; dividing subcarriers intoAndTwo sets ofIn which subcarriers are used for data transmission, aggregationFor frequency band protection, whenTime, orderThe signal is not transmitted on the guard band; for signal vectorZero breaking precoding:
，
，
Wherein, A matrix formed for the pre-encoded vectors,A matrix formed for the OFDM frequency domain signal vector,Is a signal vectorThe corresponding precoding vector is used to determine the precoding vector,Is the firstThe precoding matrix of the sub-carriers,Is the firstA MIMO channel matrix associated with the sub-carriers,Is thatIs a conjugate transpose of (2); wherein, the signal vector in the subcarrier satisfies:
，
。
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, OFDM modulating the precoding vector to obtain a corresponding OFDM frequency domain signal includes: for each precoding vector The OFDM modulation is performed by:
，
，
，
，
Wherein, A matrix formed for the pre-encoded vectors,Is a signal vectorCorresponding precoding vector, signal vectorRepresentation is used in the firstInclusion of transmissions on individual subcarriersThe data of the individual user terminals are transmitted,A matrix formed for the OFDM frequency domain signal vector,Is the firstThe OFDM frequency domain signal vector on the root antenna,Is the firstThe OFDM frequency domain signal vector on the root antenna,，Is a corresponding permutation matrixRow of linesA matrix of columns.
With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, performing inverse fourier transform on the OFDM frequency domain signal to obtain a corresponding time domain signal, where the performing includes: for a pair ofPerforming inverse Fourier transform on the OFDM frequency domain signal vector corresponding to each antenna in the antenna, determining a time domain signal vector corresponding to each OFDM frequency domain signal vector, and forming a time domain signalWherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,Is the firstA time domain signal vector corresponding to the OFDM frequency domain signal vector on the root antenna,Is the firstAnd a time domain signal vector corresponding to the OFDM frequency domain signal vector on the root antenna.
With reference to the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, performing M times oversampling and fourier transform on the time domain signal to determine a PAPR of the time domain signal includes: for time domain signalsM-fold oversampling was performed:
，
Wherein, In order to over-sample the signal samples,Before inverse Fourier transformThe number of columns in a row,Is the firstTranspose vector of time domain signal vector corresponding to root antenna; for M times oversampled time domain signalsThe PAPR of (2) is expressed as:
，
wherein M is an oversampling factor, satisfying:
，
Wherein, As the power spectral density of gaussian noise burst,For the total bandwidth of the frequency band,In order to over-sample the signal samples,，Before inverse Fourier transformThe number of columns in a row,Is the firstTranspose vector of time domain signal vector corresponding to root antenna.
With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, constructing a MIMO precoding-OFDM modulation constraint, and generating a PAPR optimization objective function based on the MIMO precoding-OFDM modulation constraint includes: constructing MIMO precoding-OFDM modulation constraint, which is:
，
Wherein, ，，，，Is the firstA MIMO channel matrix associated with the subcarriers;
Generating a PAPR optimization objective function based on MIMO precoding-OFDM modulation constraint:
，
Wherein, Is a lagrangian factor.
With reference to the sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, generating a cross-layer resource allocation model based on the PAPR optimization objective function includes: generating a physical layer carrier wave and a power joint allocation model on the carrier wave:
，
，
，
，
Wherein, Is the firstThe bandwidth of the frequency band of the sub-carriers,For usersIn the first placeThe power allocation coefficient over the sub-carriers,For usersIn the first placeThe power allocated on the sub-carriers is,For the total power of the power plant,For usersAt the lowest rate constraint of the physical layer,For usersIs a data rate of (2);
User' s In the first placeThe first on the sub-carrierThe channel gain of each equivalent sub-channel isAnd (2) andThen:
，
Wherein, ，For usersIn the first placeChannel gain on subcarriers; then the userIn the first placePower to be consumed on subcarriersThe optimization objective function of (1) is:
，
，
，
Wherein, For usersThe obtained set of sub-carriers,For usersIn the first placePower to be consumed on the subcarriers; simultaneous powerAnd a PAPR optimization objective function, determining a cross-layer resource allocation model:
，
Wherein, For usersIn the first placeThe power allocated on the sub-carriers is,For usersIn the first placeThe first subcarrierThe power allocated on the equivalent sub-channels,Is the firstThe first subcarrierThe bandwidth of the frequency band of the equivalent sub-channels.
With reference to the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in an eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, solving a cross-layer resource allocation model to obtain a target time domain signal under the optimal allocation power and the minimum PAPR includes: determining a target Lagrangian function of the convex optimization problem based on the cross-layer resource allocation model:
，
Wherein, 、AndIs the lagrangian factor under the constraint in the target lagrangian function,For usersIn the first placeThe first subcarrierThe power allocated on the equivalent sub-channels,For usersIn the first placePower allocated on the subcarriers; and solving a target Lagrangian function to obtain a target time domain signal under the optimal distributed power and the minimum PAPR.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, where the memory is configured to store information including program instructions, and the processor is configured to control execution of the program instructions, where the program instructions when loaded and executed by the processor implement the steps of the cross-layer optimized data transmission method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. The scheme is based on the MIMO-OFDM system, and the target time domain signal under the optimal allocation power and the minimum PAPR is obtained by carrying out operations such as modulation, space diversity processing, MIMO precoding and the like on the digital data to be transmitted and combining the OFDM modulation and the inverse Fourier transform, so that the spectrum efficiency and the anti-interference capability (the problem of interference among multiple users) of the system are improved, and the PAPR of the transmitting signal is reduced. In the implementation process of cross-layer optimization, in order to utilize physical layer resources, the cross-layer optimization is realized under low-rate constraint, the time variability and power allocation adjustment strategy of a wireless channel are dynamically considered, and the dynamic allocation of the resources is carried out, so that the overall performance of the system is improved, and the frequency spectrum utilization rate and the data transmission reliability of the system are improved. Aiming at the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) problem in the system, the PAPR of the system is effectively reduced through zero-breaking precoding, OFDM modulation and inverse Fourier transform, nonlinear distortion is avoided, and the performance and efficiency of the system are improved. By constructing MIMO precoding-OFDM modulation constraint, generating PAPR optimization objective function based on the MIMO precoding-OFDM modulation constraint, and simultaneously performing joint design on a MAC layer and a physical layer, constructing a cross-layer resource allocation model, converting the model into a corresponding convex optimization model and solving, the optimal power allocation and the minimum PAPR can be obtained, and the aim of seeking higher resource allocation efficiency while reducing the PAPR is achieved.
2. By adopting the M-times oversampling technology, the number of sampling points can be increased, so that the signal is finer in the time domain, and the extraction of the detail information of the signal is facilitated. And the determination of the oversampling factor M considers the power spectral density of Gaussian burst noiseBandwidth of frequency bandAnd the energy of the oversampled signal. Through the calculation of a designed formula, a proper oversampling factor M can be obtained so as to meet the requirement of a system on the signal sampling frequency and control the PAPR to a certain extent.
3. The generated optimized objective function combines the constraints on the peak power and the root mean square power of the transmitted signal, and the error between the signal and the expected. The PAPR optimization of the signal can be realized by minimizing the objective function, the dynamic range of the signal is reduced, the nonlinear distortion and the energy consumption of the system are reduced, and the stability and the reliability of transmission are improved. Lagrangian factorFor weighting the importance of different parts of the PAPR optimization objective function, the importance of different parts of the PAPR optimization objective function can be adjustedThe emphasis degree of different constraints in the optimization process is adjusted, the convergence speed is improved, a proper solution is found, and the PAPR is optimized.
4. The balance of data rate requirements and power consumption for users on different subcarriers is achieved by optimizing power allocation and minimizing PAPR. In maximizing the data transmission rate of all users on the respective subcarriers, a balance between spectral efficiency and channel quality is considered. The influence of different sub-channels on each sub-carrier is considered through the channel gain calculation of the equivalent sub-channels, so that the channel quality is described more accurately. By optimizing the objective function of power consumption, the system can minimize power consumption while guaranteeing data rate, enabling more efficient resource utilization. The constructed cross-layer resource allocation model combines the power allocation and PAPR optimization targets to simultaneously consider the requirements of a physical layer and a data link layer, and the target time domain signal under the optimal allocation power and the minimum PAPR can be effectively solved by establishing a Lagrange function of a convex optimization problem, so that the high-efficiency utilization of system resources is realized, and the performance and the reliability of a communication system are improved.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a cross-layer optimized data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
In order to realize resource allocation and minimize PAPR in cross-layer optimization, the present embodiment provides a cross-layer optimized data transmission method, refer to fig. 1, and fig. 1 is a flowchart of the cross-layer optimized data transmission method. The cross-layer optimized data transmission method is applied to the electronic equipment (carrying the MIMO-OFDM system), and can comprise the steps of S10, S20, S30, S40 and S50.
First, the electronic device may run step S10.
Step S10: digital data to be transmitted is acquired.
In this embodiment, the electronic device may acquire digital data to be transmitted, such as audio data, video data, text data, or other types of data.
After obtaining the digital data to be transmitted, the electronic device may run step S20.
Step S20: and modulating the digital data to obtain corresponding symbol data.
In this embodiment, the electronic device may modulate the digital data, for example, by using modulation techniques such as quadrature amplitude modulation or phase shift keying, to map the digital data into a set of complex symbols, so as to obtain corresponding symbol data.
After that, the electronic device may run step S30.
Step S30: and carrying out space diversity processing on the symbol data to obtain a plurality of data streams.
In this embodiment, the MIMO-OFDM system supports spatial diversity, which can be processed by spatial diversity to enhance resistance to multipath fading. For example, diversity coding (in diversity coding, a transmitting end sends data to be transmitted to different antennas according to a specific coding mode, a receiving end receives the data by using a plurality of antennas, combines a plurality of received signals through a channel estimation and signal processing algorithm, thereby reducing interference caused by multipath effect and improving signal quality) or spatial multiplexing technology (in transmitting end, different data streams are sent to different antennas respectively, so that the different data streams have a certain degree of separation in space, and in receiving end, the data streams are received by using a plurality of antennas and decoupled through the channel estimation and signal processing technology, thereby improving quality and reliability of received signals). Thus, the electronic device may perform spatial diversity processing on the symbol data to obtain multiple data streams.
After the spatial diversity processing, the electronic device may perform step S40.
Step S40: and carrying out MIMO precoding, OFDM modulation and inverse Fourier transform on each data stream, generating a cross-layer resource allocation model according to the MIMO precoding, OFDM modulation and inverse Fourier transform, and solving the cross-layer resource allocation model to obtain a target time domain signal under the optimal allocation power and the minimum PAPR.
In this embodiment, the electronic device may perform MIMO precoding on each data stream to obtain a corresponding precoding vector.
Exemplary, the base station side of the MIMO-OFDM system hasThe root of the transmitting antenna is used to transmit,The individual user terminals are distributed in the cell, each user terminal havingThe root of the receiving antenna is provided with a receiving antenna,The total number of OFDM subcarriers isAnd each. Then, for each data stream:
The electronic device can determine the signal vector corresponding to the data stream Representation is used in the firstInclusion of transmissions on individual subcarriersData of individual user terminals. The subcarriers are then divided intoAndTwo sets ofIn which subcarriers are used for data transmission, aggregationFor frequency band protection, whenTime, orderNo signal is transmitted over the guard band.
Then, the signal vector can be calculatedZero breaking precoding:
， （1）
， （2）
Wherein, Is a signal vectorThe corresponding precoding vector is used to determine the precoding vector,Is the firstThe precoding matrix of the sub-carriers,Is the firstA MIMO channel matrix associated with the sub-carriers,Is thatIs a conjugate transpose of (a). While the signal vectors in the subcarriers satisfy:
， （3）
， （4）
Thus, MIMO precoding for each data stream can be completed (zero-breaking precoding technique is introduced in the precoding stage, and mutual interference among multiple antennas can be reduced or eliminated so as to reduce PAPR), and corresponding precoding vectors can be obtained.
Then, the precoding vector may be subjected to OFDM modulation to obtain a corresponding OFDM frequency domain signal.
For example, the electronic device may, for each precoding vectorThe OFDM modulation is performed by:
， （5）
， （6）
， （7）
， （8）
Wherein, A matrix formed for the pre-encoded vectors,A matrix formed for the OFDM frequency domain signal vector,Is the firstThe OFDM frequency domain signal vector on the root antenna,Is the firstThe OFDM frequency domain signal vector on the root antenna,Is a signal vectorCorresponding precoding vector, signal vectorRepresentation is used in the firstInclusion of transmissions on individual subcarriersThe data of the individual user terminals are transmitted,，Is a corresponding permutation matrixRow of linesA matrix of columns. Thus, each precoding vector can be codedTo obtain a corresponding OFDM frequency domain signal.
After the OFDM frequency domain signal is obtained, the electronic device may perform inverse fourier transform on the OFDM frequency domain signal to obtain a corresponding time domain signal.
In this embodiment, the electronic device may pairAn OFDM frequency domain signal vector (e.g.) Performing inverse Fourier transform to determine a time domain signal vector corresponding to each OFDM frequency domain signal vector (e.gCorresponding to) Forming a time domain signalWherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,Is the firstA time domain signal vector corresponding to the OFDM frequency domain signal vector on the root antenna,Is the firstAnd a time domain signal vector corresponding to the OFDM frequency domain signal vector on the root antenna.
The electronic device may then perform M-fold oversampling and fourier transform on the time domain signal to determine the PAPR of the time domain signal.
Illustratively, the electronic device may be configured to signal the time domainM-fold oversampling was performed:
， （9）
Wherein, In order to over-sample the signal samples,Before inverse Fourier transformThe number of columns in a row,Is the firstTranspose vector of time domain signal vector corresponding to root antenna.
For M times oversampled time domain signalsThe PAPR is expressed as:
， （10）
wherein M is an oversampling factor, satisfying:
， （11）
Wherein, As the power spectral density of gaussian noise burst,For the total bandwidth of the frequency band,In order to over-sample the signal samples,，Before inverse Fourier transformThe number of columns in a row,Is the firstTranspose vector of time domain signal vector corresponding to root antenna.
At this time, the electronic device may construct a MIMO precoding-OFDM modulation constraint and generate a PAPR optimization objective function based on the MIMO precoding-OFDM modulation constraint.
Constructing MIMO precoding-OFDM modulation constraint, which is:
， （12）
，，，， Is the first A MIMO channel matrix associated with the subcarriers.
Then, the electronic device can generate a PAPR optimization objective function based on the MIMO precoding-OFDM modulation constraint:
， （13）
Wherein, Is a lagrangian factor.
After generating the PAPR optimization objective function, the electronic device may generate a cross-layer resource allocation model based on the PAPR optimization objective function.
Firstly, considering the optimization of cross-layer resource allocation under the lowest rate constraint, at this time, a physical layer carrier and power on carrier joint allocation model can be generated:
， （14）
， （15）
， （16）
， （17）
Wherein, Is the firstThe bandwidth of the frequency band of the sub-carriers,For usersIn the first placeThe power allocation coefficient over the sub-carriers,For usersIn the first placeThe power allocated on the sub-carriers is,For the total power of the power plant,For usersAt the lowest rate constraint of the physical layer,For usersIs a data rate of (a) is provided.
Then the userIn the first placeThe first on the sub-carrierThe channel gain of each equivalent sub-channel isAnd satisfies:
， （18）
Then, there are:
，（19）
Wherein, ，For usersIn the first placeChannel gain on subcarriers.
Then the userIn the first placePower to be consumed on subcarriersThe optimization objective function of (1) is:
， （20）
， （21）
， （22）
Wherein, For usersThe obtained set of sub-carriers,For usersIn the first placeThe power consumed on the subcarriers is required.
Consider a userPer channel gain on each subcarrier, thereby simultaneous powerThe cross-layer resource allocation model can be determined by the optimization objective function and the PAPR optimization objective function:
， （23）
Wherein, For usersIn the first placeThe power allocated on the sub-carriers is,For usersIn the first placeThe first subcarrierThe power allocated on the equivalent sub-channels,Is the firstThe first subcarrierThe bandwidth of the frequency band of the equivalent sub-channels.
After the cross-layer resource allocation model is constructed, the electronic equipment can solve the cross-layer resource allocation model to obtain the target time domain signal under the optimal allocation power and the minimum PAPR.
For example, the electronic device may convert the cross-layer resource allocation model into a target Lagrangian function for a convex optimization problem:
， （24）
Wherein, 、AndIs the lagrangian factor under the constraint in the target lagrangian function,For usersIn the first placeThe first subcarrierThe power allocated on the equivalent sub-channels,For usersIn the first placePower allocated on the subcarriers.
Then, the electronic equipment can solve the target Lagrangian function to obtain the target time domain signal under the optimal distributed power and the minimum PAPR.
After obtaining the target time domain signal under the optimal allocated power and the minimum PAPR, the electronic device may operate step S50.
Step S50: and D, performing digital-to-analog conversion on the target time domain signal to obtain an analog signal and transmitting the analog signal.
In this embodiment, the electronic device may perform digital-to-analog conversion on the target time domain signal, and convert the target time domain signal into an analog signal, so that the analog signal is transmitted to a corresponding channel through the antenna, and data communication is implemented.
The embodiment also provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, where the memory is configured to store information including program instructions, and the processor is configured to control execution of the program instructions, and when the program instructions are loaded and executed by the processor, implement the steps of the cross-layer optimized data transmission method of the embodiment.
In summary, the embodiment of the application provides a cross-layer optimized data transmission method and electronic equipment, which are based on a MIMO-OFDM system, and perform operations such as modulation, space diversity processing, MIMO precoding and the like on digital data to be transmitted, and combine OFDM modulation and inverse fourier transform to obtain a target time domain signal under optimal allocation power and minimum PAPR, thereby improving the spectral efficiency and anti-interference capability (eliminating the problem of inter-multiuser interference) of the system, and reducing the PAPR of a transmission signal. In the implementation process of cross-layer optimization, in order to utilize physical layer resources, the cross-layer optimization is realized under low-rate constraint, the time variability and power allocation adjustment strategy of a wireless channel are dynamically considered, and the dynamic allocation of the resources is carried out, so that the overall performance of the system is improved, and the frequency spectrum utilization rate and the data transmission reliability of the system are improved. Aiming at the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) problem in the system, the PAPR of the system is effectively reduced through zero-breaking precoding, OFDM modulation and inverse Fourier transform, nonlinear distortion is avoided, and the performance and efficiency of the system are improved. By constructing MIMO precoding-OFDM modulation constraint, generating PAPR optimization objective function based on the MIMO precoding-OFDM modulation constraint, and simultaneously performing joint design on a MAC layer and a physical layer, constructing a cross-layer resource allocation model, converting the model into a corresponding convex optimization model and solving, the optimal power allocation and the minimum PAPR can be obtained, and the aim of seeking higher resource allocation efficiency while reducing the PAPR is achieved.
By adopting the M-times oversampling technology, the number of sampling points can be increased, so that the signal is finer in the time domain, and the extraction of the detail information of the signal is facilitated. And the determination of the oversampling factor M considers the power spectral density of Gaussian burst noiseBandwidth of frequency bandAnd the energy of the oversampled signal. Through the calculation of a designed formula, a proper oversampling factor M can be obtained so as to meet the requirement of a system on the signal sampling frequency and control the PAPR to a certain extent.
The generated optimized objective function combines the constraints on the peak power and the root mean square power of the transmitted signal, and the error between the signal and the expected. The PAPR optimization of the signal can be realized by minimizing the objective function, the dynamic range of the signal is reduced, the nonlinear distortion and the energy consumption of the system are reduced, and the stability and the reliability of transmission are improved. Lagrangian factorFor weighting the importance of different parts of the PAPR optimization objective function, the importance of different parts of the PAPR optimization objective function can be adjustedThe emphasis degree of different constraints in the optimization process is adjusted, the convergence speed is improved, a proper solution is found, and the PAPR is optimized.
The balance of data rate requirements and power consumption for users on different subcarriers is achieved by optimizing power allocation and minimizing PAPR. In maximizing the data transmission rate of all users on the respective subcarriers, a balance between spectral efficiency and channel quality is considered. The influence of different sub-channels on each sub-carrier is considered through the channel gain calculation of the equivalent sub-channels, so that the channel quality is described more accurately. By optimizing the objective function of power consumption, the system can minimize power consumption while guaranteeing data rate, enabling more efficient resource utilization. The constructed cross-layer resource allocation model combines the power allocation and PAPR optimization targets to simultaneously consider the requirements of a physical layer and a data link layer, and the target time domain signal under the optimal allocation power and the minimum PAPR can be effectively solved by establishing a Lagrange function of a convex optimization problem, so that the high-efficiency utilization of system resources is realized, and the performance and the reliability of a communication system are improved.
In this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (3)
1. The cross-layer optimized data transmission method is characterized by being applied to an electronic device carrying a MIMO-OFDM system and comprising the following steps:
Acquiring digital data to be transmitted;
Modulating the digital data to obtain corresponding symbol data;
Performing space diversity processing on the symbol data to obtain a plurality of data streams;
performing MIMO precoding, OFDM modulation and inverse Fourier transform on each data stream, generating a cross-layer resource allocation model according to the MIMO precoding, OFDM modulation and inverse Fourier transform, and solving the cross-layer resource allocation model to obtain a target time domain signal under optimal allocation power and minimum PAPR;
performing digital-to-analog conversion on the target time domain signal to obtain an analog signal and transmitting the analog signal;
performing MIMO precoding, OFDM modulation, and inverse fourier transform on each data stream, thereby generating a cross-layer resource allocation model and solving the cross-layer resource allocation model to obtain a target time domain signal under optimal allocation power and minimum PAPR, including:
MIMO precoding is carried out on each data stream, and corresponding precoding vectors are obtained;
Performing OFDM modulation on the pre-coding vector to obtain a corresponding OFDM frequency domain signal;
Performing inverse Fourier transform on the OFDM frequency domain signal to obtain a corresponding time domain signal;
Performing M times of oversampling and Fourier transformation on the time domain signal to determine the PAPR of the time domain signal;
Constructing MIMO precoding-OFDM modulation constraint, and generating PAPR optimization objective function based on the MIMO precoding-OFDM modulation constraint;
Generating a cross-layer resource allocation model based on the PAPR optimization objective function;
Solving a cross-layer resource allocation model to obtain a target time domain signal under the optimal allocation power and the minimum PAPR;
The base station of MIMO-OFDM system has The root of the transmitting antenna is used to transmit,The individual user terminals are distributed in the cell, each user terminal havingThe root of the receiving antenna is provided with a receiving antenna,The total number of OFDM subcarriers isAnd carrying out MIMO precoding on each data stream to obtain corresponding precoding vectors, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
for each data stream:
determining signal vector corresponding to data flow Representation is used in the firstInclusion of transmissions on individual subcarriersData of individual user terminals;
dividing subcarriers into AndTwo sets ofIn which subcarriers are used for data transmission, aggregationFor frequency band protection, whenTime, orderThe signal is not transmitted on the guard band;
For signal vector Zero breaking precoding:
，
，
Wherein, Is a signal vectorThe corresponding precoding vector is used to determine the precoding vector,Is the firstThe precoding matrix of the sub-carriers,Is the firstA MIMO channel matrix associated with the sub-carriers,Is thatIs a conjugate transpose of (2);
wherein, the signal vector in the subcarrier satisfies:
，
，
Performing OFDM modulation on the precoding vector to obtain a corresponding OFDM frequency domain signal, including:
For each precoding vector The OFDM modulation is performed by:
，
，
，
，
Wherein, A matrix formed for the pre-encoded vectors,Is a signal vectorCorresponding precoding vector, signal vectorRepresentation is used in the firstInclusion of transmissions on individual subcarriersThe data of the individual user terminals are transmitted,A matrix formed for the OFDM frequency domain signal vector,Is the firstThe OFDM frequency domain signal vector on the root antenna,Is the firstThe OFDM frequency domain signal vector on the root antenna,，Is a corresponding permutation matrixRow of linesA matrix of columns;
performing inverse fourier transform on the OFDM frequency domain signal to obtain a corresponding time domain signal, including:
For a pair of Performing inverse Fourier transform on the OFDM frequency domain signal vector corresponding to each antenna in the antenna, determining a time domain signal vector corresponding to each OFDM frequency domain signal vector, and forming a time domain signalWherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,Is the firstA time domain signal vector corresponding to the OFDM frequency domain signal vector on the root antenna,Is the firstA time domain signal vector corresponding to the OFDM frequency domain signal vector on the root antenna;
performing M times oversampling and Fourier transformation on the time domain signal to determine the PAPR of the time domain signal, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
for time domain signals M-fold oversampling was performed:
，
Wherein, In order to over-sample the signal samples,Before inverse Fourier transformThe number of columns in a row,Is the firstTranspose vector of time domain signal vector corresponding to root antenna;
For M times oversampled time domain signals The PAPR of (2) is expressed as:
，
wherein M is an oversampling factor, satisfying:
，
Wherein, As the power spectral density of gaussian noise burst,For the total bandwidth of the frequency band,In order to over-sample the signal samples,，Before inverse Fourier transformThe number of columns in a row,Is the firstTranspose vector of time domain signal vector corresponding to root antenna;
Constructing a MIMO precoding-OFDM modulation constraint and generating a PAPR optimization objective function based on the MIMO precoding-OFDM modulation constraint, comprising:
constructing MIMO precoding-OFDM modulation constraint, which is:
，
Wherein, ，，，，Is the firstA MIMO channel matrix associated with the subcarriers;
Generating a PAPR optimization objective function based on MIMO precoding-OFDM modulation constraint:
，
Wherein, Is a Lagrangian factor;
Generating a cross-layer resource allocation model based on the PAPR optimization objective function, comprising:
generating a physical layer carrier wave and a power joint allocation model on the carrier wave:
，
，
，
，
Wherein, Is the firstThe bandwidth of the frequency band of the sub-carriers,For usersIn the first placeThe power allocation coefficient over the sub-carriers,For usersIn the first placeThe power allocated on the sub-carriers is,For the total power of the power plant,For usersAt the lowest rate constraint of the physical layer,For usersIs a data rate of (2);
User' s In the first placeThe first on the sub-carrierThe channel gain of each equivalent sub-channel isAnd (2) andThen:
，
Wherein, ，For usersIn the first placeChannel gain on subcarriers;
Then the user In the first placePower to be consumed on subcarriersThe optimization objective function of (1) is:
，
，
，
Wherein, For usersThe obtained set of sub-carriers,For usersIn the first placePower to be consumed on the subcarriers;
Simultaneous power And a PAPR optimization objective function, determining a cross-layer resource allocation model:
，
Wherein, For usersIn the first placeThe power allocated on the sub-carriers is,For usersIn the first placeThe first subcarrierThe power allocated on the equivalent sub-channels,Is the firstThe first subcarrierThe bandwidth of the frequency band of the equivalent sub-channels.
2. The method for cross-layer optimized data transmission according to claim 1, wherein solving a cross-layer resource allocation model to obtain a target time domain signal under optimal allocation power and minimum PAPR comprises:
determining a target Lagrangian function of the convex optimization problem based on the cross-layer resource allocation model:
，
Wherein, 、AndIs the lagrangian factor under the constraint in the target lagrangian function,For usersIn the first placeThe first subcarrierThe power allocated on the equivalent sub-channels,For usersIn the first placePower allocated on the subcarriers;
and solving a target Lagrangian function to obtain a target time domain signal under the optimal distributed power and the minimum PAPR.
3. An electronic device comprising a memory for storing information including program instructions and a processor for controlling execution of the program instructions, characterized by: the program instructions, when loaded and executed by a processor, implement the steps of the cross-layer optimized data transmission method of any one of claims 1 to 2.
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