CN118553959B - Test system applied to development of air subsystem of fuel cell - Google Patents
Test system applied to development of air subsystem of fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04305—Modeling, demonstration models of fuel cells, e.g. for training purposes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04335—Temperature; Ambient temperature of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04395—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04507—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
- H01M8/0687—Reactant purification by the use of membranes or filters
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test system applied to development of a fuel cell air subsystem, which comprises an air inlet module, an auxiliary cooling module, a gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module, a humidifying module and a temperature and humidity simulation module, wherein the air inlet module is used for enabling air to enter the air subsystem, the auxiliary cooling module is used for cooling the air subsystem, the gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module is used for simulating the gas consumption of cathode oxygen and simulating the flow resistance of a cathode of a fuel cell stack, the humidifying module is used for humidifying compressed air and exchanging heat, the temperature and humidity simulation module is used for controlling the temperature and humidity of air coming out of the humidifying module to be simultaneously controlled to an air target outlet temperature and humidity to complete simulation of temperature rise and humidification of air in the fuel cell stack, and the air enters a back pressure tail exhaust part of the air subsystem after heat preservation of a heat tracing belt.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a test system applied to development of an air subsystem of a fuel cell.
Background
The fuel cell has the advantages of high efficiency, cleanliness, silence, high heat energy utilization, quick response, reliability, stability and the like, and is one of important directions of the development of the future energy field. The humidity of the proton exchange membrane, the operating temperature of the electric pile, the air inlet flow rate and the cathode gas pressure are all important factors influencing the performance and the stability of the fuel cell in the operation process of the fuel cell. Too high air intake humidity can cause condensation of water vapor in the air path, blockage of the air path and flooding in severe cases, and too low humidity can cause poor ion conductivity of the electrolyte to affect performance output of the fuel cell. Too high an air intake temperature may lead to corrosion of the metal components within the stack, and too low a temperature affects the ionic conductivity of the proton exchange membrane and electrolyte, which deteriorates fuel cell performance. Too high intake air flow can cause excessive parasitic power of the air compressor to affect the net power output of the fuel cell system, and too low intake air flow can cause cathode hypoxia, slow chemical reaction speed and affect the performance output of the fuel cell. Too high air inlet pressure can cause damage to the proton exchange membrane to influence the stability of the electric pile, and too low air inlet pressure can influence the performance output of the electric pile. The fuel cell air subsystem mainly comprises an air filter, an air compressor, an intercooler, a humidifier, a back pressure valve and a steam-water separator, wherein the air compressor, the intercooler, the humidifier and the back pressure valve are control executing elements for intake air flow, intake air temperature, intake air humidity and cathode gas pressure respectively, so that the integration, matching and control development of the fuel cell air subsystem are one of the most important steps in the development process of the fuel cell system. At present, a plurality of hydrogen energy factories directly integrate and develop fuel cell systems in the market, but a large coupling relation exists among hydrogen subsystems, air subsystems and cooling subsystems of the fuel cells, and performance test, control and debugging of each subsystem are necessary before system integration, so that the coupling among the subsystems can be relieved, development difficulty can be reduced, parallel research and development can be realized, research and development time is shortened, and working efficiency is improved. At present, few testing systems for integrated matching development of fuel cell air subsystems are on the market, and most of testing equipment of key parts, such as testing equipment of an air compressor, a humidifier and a back pressure valve, cannot accurately verify the cooperative working characteristics of the parts of each air subsystem. In the related invention patents of the prior fuel cell air subsystem test bench, CN 113036180A and CN 106848352A only refer to a pile simulator, the internal structure of a pile cathode simulator is not designed, CN 206116522U only simulates the gas temperature and oxygen consumption in the cathode of a fuel cell pile, and the simulation of mass transfer, heat transfer and electrochemical reaction in the cathode of the fuel cell pile is not complete.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving the above problems of the prior art. A test system for use in the development of fuel cell air subsystems is presented. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
The test system comprises an air inlet module, an auxiliary cooling module, a gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module, a humidifying module and a temperature and humidity simulation module, wherein the air inlet module is arranged in front of an air compressor of the air subsystem, and air enters the air subsystem after being filtered by an air filter and then passing through a flow sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor;
the auxiliary cooling module is used for cooling the air subsystem;
the gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module is used for calculating the gas consumption of cathode oxygen according to the load current of the current working condition and the number of the single cells of the electric pile, controlling the air discharge of corresponding flow through the bypass flow controller and the bypass air flowmeter to simulate the consumption of the cathode oxygen, and regulating the opening of the electromagnetic proportional valve according to the pressure difference of the inlet pressure sensor and the outlet pressure sensor of the cathode simulator of the electric pile to simulate the flow resistance of the cathode of the electric pile of the fuel cell;
The humidifying module is used for humidifying the compressed air and exchanging heat;
And the temperature and humidity simulation module is used for controlling the temperature and humidity of the air from the humidification module to the target outlet temperature and humidity of the air to complete the simulation of temperature rise and humidification of the gas in the fuel cell stack, and the air enters the back pressure tail row part of the air subsystem after heat preservation of the heat tracing belt.
Further, the air inlet module comprises an air filter, an air flowmeter, a hand valve ①, a temperature sensor ① and a pressure sensor ①, wherein the air filter is used for separating liquid water and liquid oil drops in air and filtering dust and solid impurities in the air, the air flowmeter is used for monitoring air inlet flow of an air subsystem and controlling the working state of an air compressor in the air subsystem, the hand valve ① is used for adjusting air pressure before the air compressor, the temperature sensor ① is used for monitoring air temperature before the air compressor, and the pressure sensor ① is used for monitoring air pressure before the air compressor.
Further, the auxiliary cooling module comprises a hand valve ②, a hand valve ③, a temperature sensor ②, a pressure sensor ②, Drain valve ①, water replenishment valve ①, water tank, liquid level sensor, water replenishment valve ②, water pump ①, heater ①, Heat exchanger ①, filter, proportional valve ①, hand valve ③, temperature sensor ③, A pressure sensor ③, wherein a hand valve ② and a hand valve ③ are used for switching on and off the cooling liquid of the auxiliary cooling module circuit; the temperature sensor ② is used for measuring the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing out of the high-temperature component of the air subsystem, transmitting the temperature to the controller and controlling the flow of the cooling liquid according to the temperature difference of the inlet and the outlet; the pressure sensor ② is used for measuring the cooling liquid pressure flowing out of the high-temperature component of the air subsystem, the drain valve ① is used for draining the cooling liquid circulating in the auxiliary cooling module, the water supplementing valve ① is used for supplementing the cooling liquid in the water tank, judging the water supplementing quantity according to the liquid level information in the water tank, the water tank is used for supplementing water and exhausting air of the cooling liquid circulating system in the auxiliary cooling module, the liquid level sensor is used for monitoring the liquid level in the water tank and feeding back the liquid level information to the controller, the drain valve ① is timely opened according to the liquid level information by the controller, the water supplementing valve ② is used for supplementing the cooling liquid in the circulating pipeline of the auxiliary cooling module, the water pump ① is used for driving the cooling liquid in the auxiliary cooling module and controlling the flow rate of the cooling liquid, the heater ① is used for heating the cooling liquid in the auxiliary cooling module by controlling the electric power of the electric heater, the heat exchanger ① is used for conducting heat exchange between the cooling liquid circulating in the auxiliary cooling module and the cooling liquid circulating system of the external circulation system, the filter is used for filtering impurities of the external water, the heat exchanger is used for preventing the heat exchanger from being blocked, the heat exchange efficiency is reduced, the proportional valve ① is used for controlling the flow rate of the cooling liquid circulating water is used for controlling the cooling liquid circulating system, the cooling liquid is further used for controlling the temperature of the cooling liquid circulating system is used for measuring the temperature of the cooling liquid, and the temperature of the cooling system is used for realizing the temperature measurement of the temperature of the cooling part, the pressure sensor ③ is used for measuring the pressure of the cooling liquid entering the high-temperature component of the air subsystem.
Further, the gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module comprises a temperature sensor ④, a pressure sensor ④, a humidity sensor ④, a bypass flow controller, a bypass air flowmeter, a proportional valve ② and a check valve, wherein the temperature sensor ④ is used for measuring the air temperature of an inlet of the cathode simulator of the electric pile and controlling the working state of an intercooler in the air subsystem, the pressure sensor ④ is used for measuring the air pressure of the inlet of the cathode simulator of the electric pile and adjusting the flow resistance of the cathode simulator of the electric pile and simultaneously controlling the working state of a back pressure valve in the air subsystem, the humidity sensor ④ is used for measuring the air humidity of the inlet of the cathode simulator of the electric pile and controlling the working state of the humidifier in the air subsystem, the bypass flow controller is used for controlling the flow resistance of a bypass passage and discharging air consistent with the current working condition oxygen consumption, the bypass air flowmeter is used for monitoring the air flow of the outlet of the electric pile cathode, the bypass air flowmeter is fed back to the bypass flow controller so as to facilitate the opening of the valve ②, the bypass flow controller is used for controlling the flow resistance of the air compressor through the proportional valve 62 and preventing the air from suddenly dropping when the air in the air tank is suddenly stopped at the end of the electric pile or when the air in the air subsystem is suddenly dropped.
Further, the humidification module comprises a humidification water tank, a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor ⑦, a water supplementing valve ③, a water draining valve ②, a water pump ②, Heater ③, temperature sensor ⑧, heat exchanger ②, Proportional valve ③ and temperature sensor ⑨; the humidifying water tank is used for entering a place where air of the humidifying module exchanges heat and humidifies with circulating water of the humidifying module; the liquid level sensor is used for monitoring the liquid level information in the humidifying water tank, the liquid level of the humidifying water tank can not be lower than that of the second liquid level sensor in the working operation, and when the liquid level of the humidifying water tank is low, the water supplementing valve ③ is opened to supplement circulating water; the temperature sensor ⑦ is used for monitoring the temperature of the circulating water coming out of the humidification water tank and can be regarded as the temperature of the circulating water in the humidification water tank approximately, the temperature can be used for controlling the power of the heater and the flow rate of the circulating water outside, the water supplementing valve ③ is used for controlling the power of the heater and the flow rate of the circulating water outside, when the electric pile cathode simulator works, the air entering the humidification water tank can take away part of the circulating water in the humidification water tank, when the liquid level of the humidification water tank is low, the controller automatically opens the water supplementing valve ③ to supplement the circulating water, the water draining valve ② is used for draining the circulating water of the humidification module and facilitating the movement and maintenance of equipment, the water pump ② is used for driving the circulating water of the humidification module to flow, the heater ③ is used for heating the circulating water in the humidification module and controlling the temperature of the circulating water to rise, the temperature sensor ⑧ is used for monitoring the temperature of the circulating water at the outlet of the heater ③, the heat exchanger ② is used for exchanging heat between the circulating water in the humidification module and the cooling water circulation system cooling liquid, the proportional valve ③ is used for controlling the flow rate of the cooling water circulation system cooling liquid and achieving the purpose of heat dissipation control, the temperature sensor ⑨ monitors the temperature of the circulating water after the temperature of the circulating water of the humidifying module is controlled by the heater and the heat exchanger.
Further, the temperature and humidity simulation module comprises a temperature sensor ⑤, a heater ②, a heat tracing belt, a temperature sensor ⑥, a pressure sensor ⑥ and a humidity sensor ⑥, wherein the temperature sensor ⑤ is used for monitoring the air dew point temperature of the humidification module, the heater ② is used for heating the humid air of the humidification module and controlling the air temperature to be the actual working air outlet temperature of the galvanic pile, the heat tracing belt is used for insulating a gas pipeline, the temperature sensor ⑥ is used for measuring the air temperature of the outlet of the galvanic pile cathode simulator and controlling the working state of the temperature and humidity simulation module heater ②, the pressure sensor ⑥ is used for measuring the air pressure of the outlet of the galvanic pile cathode simulator and adjusting the flow resistance of the galvanic pile cathode simulator and can be used for controlling the working state of a back pressure valve in an air subsystem, and the humidity sensor ⑥ is used for measuring the air humidity of the outlet of the galvanic pile cathode simulator and controlling the dew point temperature of circulating water.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects as follows:
The invention designs a testing device of an air subsystem of a fuel cell, wherein the principle and the structure of a cathode simulator of a galvanic pile are described in detail. Compared with the cathode simulator designed in the related invention disclosed at present, the cell stack cathode simulator can completely simulate the physicochemical properties of cathode gas consumption, flow resistance in the cell stack, heat generation of the cell stack, generation of cathode water and the like in the working process of the fuel cell stack, and can more accurately simulate the flow, pressure, temperature and humidity states of air at the cathode of the fuel cell. The stack cathode simulator can avoid directly using the fuel cell stack in the process of integrating, calibrating and developing control programs of the air subsystem of the fuel cell, and has the following advantages:
① The air subsystem can be synchronously researched and developed in the galvanic pile development process, so that the research and development period is shortened, and the research and development efficiency is improved.
② The method can be used for replacing a fuel cell stack, avoids the use of hydrogen, and can avoid the application of qualification of a hydrogen-related laboratory and the improvement of safety of the laboratory.
③ Fuel cell stacks are fragile and the direct use of fuel cell stacks for the development of air subsystems tends to result in an irreversible degradation of the stack's performance. Therefore, the air subsystem testing device can reduce the development cost of the air subsystem of the fuel cell.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an air subsystem testing device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an air intake module;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary cooling module;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a humidification module configuration;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a temperature humidity simulation module.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and specifically described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present invention.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
A test system applied to development of an air subsystem of a fuel cell can complete development test of a subsystem of the air subsystem of the fuel cell, test the cooperative working capacity of each part of the air subsystem after matching and integration, and simultaneously complete test of important parts such as an air compressor, an intercooler, a humidifier, a back pressure valve and the like, thereby greatly reducing test cost. Through deep research on the working mechanism of the fuel cell, the invention discloses a fuel cell cathode simulation device which can accurately simulate mass transfer, heat transfer and electrochemical reaction in the cathode of the fuel cell and improve the integrated control development precision of an air subsystem of the fuel cell. As shown in FIG. 1, the invention mainly comprises ① air inlet modules, wherein the air inlet modules are arranged in front of an air compressor of an air subsystem, and air is filtered by an air filter and then enters the air subsystem through a flow sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor. ② And the auxiliary cooling module is used for cooling the air compressor, the air compressor controller and the intercooler in the air subsystem when the air compressor, the air compressor controller and the intercooler run under certain working conditions. The cooling water in the auxiliary cooling module is deionized water which is externally supplied into the water tank, the cooling water is driven by the water pump, so that the cooling water is circulated, the flow of the cooling water can be controlled by the water pump, the rear end of the water pump is provided with the heater and the heat exchanger, the temperature of the cooling water can be controlled, and the cooling water enters the air subsystem after passing through each sensor. The pile cathode simulator consists of a gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module, a humidifying module and a temperature and humidity simulation module. ③ The gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module can calculate the gas consumption of the cathode oxygen according to the load current of the current working condition and the number of the galvanic pile single cells, and can control the air discharge of corresponding flow through the bypass flow controller and the bypass air flowmeter to simulate the consumption of the cathode oxygen. And according to the pressure difference of the inlet and outlet pressure sensors of the cell stack cathode simulator, the opening degree of the electromagnetic proportional valve ② is adjusted to simulate the flow resistance of the fuel cell stack cathode. ④ And the humidifying module is used for leading compressed air into the humidifying water tank from the lower part of the humidifying water tank, fully exchanging heat between the air and water in the humidifying water tank, humidifying the air and then flowing out from the top of the humidifying water tank. The circulating water in the humidifying water tank is driven by the water pump ② to circulate, the circulating water is pumped out from the bottom of the water tank, and returns to the humidifying water tank from the middle part of the water tank after passing through the temperature control system, so that the air in the water tank is completely humidified and exchanges heat. The temperature of the circulating water is controlled by the heater ③ and the heat exchanger ②. ⑤ And the temperature and humidity simulation module is used for completely humidifying the air coming out of the humidifying module and controlling the temperature of the gas to be the dew point temperature. After the air passes through the heater ②, the temperature of the air can be raised, the temperature and the humidity of the air can be simultaneously controlled to the target outlet temperature and the target outlet humidity of the air, and the simulation of the temperature rise and the humidification of the gas inside the fuel cell stack is completed. And the air enters a back pressure tail row part of the air subsystem after heat preservation of the heat tracing belt.
As shown in fig. 2, the main components of the air intake module are an air filter, an air flow meter, a hand valve ①, a temperature sensor ①, and a pressure sensor ①. The whole air inlet module is arranged in front of an air compressor of the air subsystem of the fuel cell, and can realize air filtration, air inlet flow monitoring, gas temperature monitoring at the front end of the air compressor and gas pressure monitoring at the front end of the air compressor. Details and functions of the air intake module are described in detail below.
And the air filter is used for separating liquid water and liquid oil drops in the air and filtering dust and solid impurities in the air.
An airflow meter monitors the flow of air charge into the air subsystem. The method is used for controlling the working state of the air compressor in the air subsystem.
Hand valve ① regulates the air pressure before entering the air compressor.
Temperature sensor ① monitors the temperature of the air before it enters the air compressor.
Pressure sensor ① monitors the air pressure before entering the air compressor.
As shown in fig. 3, the auxiliary cooling module mainly comprises a hand valve ②, a hand valve ③, a temperature sensor ②, a pressure sensor ②, a drain valve ①, a water supplementing valve ①, a water tank, a liquid level sensor, a water supplementing valve ②, a water pump ①, a heater ①, a heat exchanger ①, a filter, a proportional valve ①, a hand valve ③, a temperature sensor ③ and a pressure sensor ③, and is used for assisting the heat dissipation of an air compressor, an air compressor controller and an intercooler, the module achieves the purpose of controlling the inlet temperature of internal circulation cooling liquid by controlling the power of an electric heater and the flow rate of external circulation water of the heat exchanger, achieves the purpose of controlling the flow rate of the internal circulation cooling liquid by controlling the rotation speed of the water pump, and achieves the function of dissipating heat of parts in the air subsystem.
And the hand valve ② and the hand valve ③ are used for switching on and switching off the cooling liquid of the auxiliary cooling module loop, so that equipment maintenance is facilitated.
And a temperature sensor ② for measuring the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing out of the high-temperature component of the air subsystem, transmitting the temperature to the controller and controlling the flow of the cooling liquid according to the temperature difference of the inlet and the outlet.
Pressure sensor ② measures the pressure of the cooling fluid flowing out of the high temperature components of the air subsystem.
And the drain valve ① is used for draining the cooling liquid circulating in the auxiliary cooling module, so that equipment maintenance and air subsystem sample adjustment are facilitated.
And the water supplementing valve ① is used for supplementing the cooling liquid in the water tank and judging the water supplementing amount according to the liquid level information in the water tank.
The water tank is used for supplementing water and exhausting air of a cooling liquid circulation system in the auxiliary cooling module.
The liquid level sensor is used for monitoring the liquid level in the water tank and feeding back the liquid level information to the controller, and the controller timely opens the drain valve ① according to the liquid level information when the liquid level is lower, so that an automatic water supplementing function is realized.
Water supplementing valve ② for supplementing cooling liquid in circulating pipeline of auxiliary cooling module
And the water pump ① drives the cooling liquid in the auxiliary cooling module and controls the flow rate of the cooling liquid.
And the heater ① is used for heating the cooling liquid in the auxiliary cooling module by controlling the electric power of the electric heater and controlling the temperature rise of the cooling liquid.
The heat exchanger ① is used for carrying out heat exchange on the cooling liquid in the auxiliary cooling module and the cooling liquid in the cooling water circulation system in the external circulation.
The filter is used for filtering impurities of the external circulating water, preventing the heat exchanger from being blocked and reducing the heat exchange efficiency.
The proportional valve ① is used for controlling the flow of the external circulating water, further controlling the refrigerating capacity and realizing the function of controlling the temperature of the internal circulating water.
And a temperature sensor ③ for measuring the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the high-temperature component of the air subsystem, transmitting the temperature to the controller and controlling the flow of the cooling liquid according to the temperature difference of the inlet and the outlet.
Pressure sensor ③ measures the pressure of the cooling fluid entering the high temperature components of the air subsystem.
As shown in fig. 4, the gas consumption and flow resistance simulation module is mainly composed of a temperature sensor ④, a pressure sensor ④, a humidity sensor ④, a bypass flow controller, a bypass air flow meter, a proportional valve ②, and a check valve. The controller calculates the oxygen consumption of the actual electric pile according to the current operating condition of the air subsystem, adjusts the opening of the bypass flow controller according to the inlet air flow, discharges the air flow consistent with the oxygen consumption of the current operating condition, and simulates the gas consumption. The flow resistance simulation is to simulate the flow resistance of air in the pile by measuring the pressure difference of the inlet and outlet of the pile cathode simulator and adjusting the opening of the contrast valve ②.
And the temperature sensor ④ is used for measuring the air temperature at the inlet of the cathode simulator of the electric pile and controlling the working state of the intercooler in the air subsystem.
The pressure sensor ④ is used for measuring the air pressure at the inlet of the cathode simulator of the electric pile, adjusting the flow resistance of the cathode simulator of the electric pile and controlling the working state of the back pressure valve in the air subsystem.
Humidity sensor ④ measures the air humidity at the inlet of the stack cathode simulator. The method is used for controlling the working state of the humidifier in the air subsystem.
And the bypass flow controller is used for controlling the flow resistance of the bypass passage, achieving the purpose of controlling the bypass flow, discharging the air consistent with the oxygen consumption under the current working condition and simulating the gas flow of the cathode outlet of the electric pile.
And the bypass air flowmeter is used for monitoring the air flow discharged by the bypass passage and feeding back to the bypass flow controller so as to be convenient for adjusting the opening of the valve.
Proportional valve ② the opening of proportional valve ② is adjusted to simulate the flow resistance of the gas in the cathode of the stack.
And the check valve is used for preventing hot water in the water tank from flowing backwards due to sudden drop of the gas pressure at the front end of the humidifying water tank after the air compressor in the air subsystem suddenly drops load or stops, so that test accidents are caused.
As shown in fig. 5, the humidification module mainly comprises a humidification water tank, a liquid level sensor, a temperature sensor ⑦, a water supplementing valve ③, a drain valve ②, a water pump ②, a heater ③, a temperature sensor ⑧, a heat exchanger ②, a proportional valve ③ and a temperature sensor ⑨. During operation of the fuel cell, water is generated at the cathode, so that the humidity of the cathode is high. The humidifying module heats and humidifies the gas of the humidifying module of the air subsystem according to the requirements of the air subsystem on the temperature and the humidity of the gas at the outlet of the cathode simulator of the electric pile, and controls the temperature of the gas to be the dew point temperature corresponding to the humidity of the outlet. The temperature of circulating water in the humidifying water tank is controllable, and the air entering the humidifying water tank and water in the water tank exchange temperature and humidity sufficiently, so that the temperature of the air coming out of the humidifying water tank is consistent with the temperature of the circulating water and 100% of the air is humidified, and the functions of humidifying the air and controlling the dew point temperature of the air are achieved.
The humidifying water tank is used for the place where the air entering the humidifying module exchanges heat and humidifies with the circulating water of the humidifying module.
The liquid level sensor is used for monitoring the liquid level information in the humidifying water tank, the liquid level of the humidifying water tank can not be lower than that of the second liquid level sensor when the humidifying water tank is in operation, and when the liquid level of the humidifying water tank is low, the water supplementing valve ③ is opened to supplement circulating water.
The temperature sensor ⑦ is used for monitoring the temperature of the circulating water from the humidifying water tank, and can be approximately regarded as the temperature of the circulating water in the humidifying water tank. This temperature can be used to control the power of the heater and the flow rate of the external circulation water.
And the water supplementing valve ③ is that when the electric pile cathode simulator works, the air entering the humidifying water tank can take away part of circulating water in the potential increasing water tank, and when the liquid level of the humidifying water tank is low, the controller automatically opens the water supplementing valve ③ to supplement the circulating water.
And the drain valve ② is used for draining circulating water of the humidifying module, so that the equipment is convenient to move and overhaul.
The water pump ② drives the circulating water of the humidifying module to flow.
And the heater ③ is used for heating the circulating water in the humidifying module by controlling the electric power of the electric heater and controlling the temperature rise of the circulating water.
Temperature sensor ⑧ monitors the circulating water temperature at the outlet of heater ③.
And the heat exchanger ② is used for exchanging heat between circulating water in the humidifying module and cooling water in the cooling water circulating system.
The proportional valve ③ is used for controlling the flow of the cooling liquid in the cooling water circulation system, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the heat dissipation capacity and further control the temperature of the circulating water of the humidifying module.
And a temperature sensor ⑨ for monitoring the temperature of the circulating water after the circulating water of the humidifying module passes through the heater and the heat exchanger to control the temperature.
As shown in fig. 6, the temperature/humidity simulation module mainly includes a temperature sensor ⑤, a heater ②, a heat trace belt, a temperature sensor ⑥, a pressure sensor ⑥, and a humidity sensor ⑥. The dew point temperature of the air fully humidified by the humidifying module is controlled by the humidifying module, and after the temperature of the air is raised by a heater of the temperature and humidity simulating module, the temperature and the humidity of the air at the outlet of the cathode simulator of the electric pile can be simultaneously controlled according to the actual working condition of the electric pile, so that the temperature and the humidity of the air at the outlet of the electric pile are simulated. The functions of the parts are as follows:
the temperature sensor ⑤ is used for monitoring the dew point temperature of the air coming out of the humidifying module.
And a heater ② for heating the wet air from the humidifying module and controlling the air temperature to be the actual working air outlet temperature of the electric pile.
The heat tracing belt is used for insulating the gas pipeline, preventing the temperature of the gas from being reduced and the relative humidity from being increased, and ensuring the accuracy of temperature and humidity control.
The temperature sensor ⑥ is used for measuring the air temperature at the outlet of the pile cathode simulator and controlling the working state of the temperature and humidity simulation module heater ②.
The pressure sensor ⑥ is used for measuring the air pressure at the outlet of the pile cathode simulator and adjusting the flow resistance of the pile cathode simulator, and can be used for controlling the working state of the back pressure valve in the air subsystem.
Humidity sensor ⑥ measures the air humidity at the outlet of the stack cathode simulator. The method is used for controlling the dew point temperature of the humidifying module and the temperature of the circulating water.
The system, apparatus, module or unit set forth in the above embodiments may be implemented in particular by a computer chip or entity, or by a product having a certain function.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises an element.
The above examples should be understood as illustrative only and not limiting the scope of the invention. Various changes and modifications to the present invention may be made by one skilled in the art after reading the teachings herein, and such equivalent changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
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