CN118551633B - A method and system for acquiring load spectrum of main bearing of tunnel boring machine - Google Patents
A method and system for acquiring load spectrum of main bearing of tunnel boring machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN118551633B CN118551633B CN202411030265.6A CN202411030265A CN118551633B CN 118551633 B CN118551633 B CN 118551633B CN 202411030265 A CN202411030265 A CN 202411030265A CN 118551633 B CN118551633 B CN 118551633B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- load
- strain
- stress
- working condition
- value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005315 distribution function Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001141 propulsive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013075 data extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
- G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
- G06F17/11—Complex mathematical operations for solving equations, e.g. nonlinear equations, general mathematical optimization problems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
- G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
- G06F17/16—Matrix or vector computation, e.g. matrix-matrix or matrix-vector multiplication, matrix factorization
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
- G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
- G06F17/18—Complex mathematical operations for evaluating statistical data, e.g. average values, frequency distributions, probability functions, regression analysis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2111/00—Details relating to CAD techniques
- G06F2111/04—Constraint-based CAD
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
- Computational Mathematics (AREA)
- Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
- Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
- Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
- Algebra (AREA)
- Operations Research (AREA)
- Evolutionary Biology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Computational Biology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Computing Systems (AREA)
- Probability & Statistics with Applications (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for acquiring a main bearing load spectrum of a heading machine, which belong to the field of underground engineering equipment, the method utilizes the advantages of more sensitive response of structural strain signals to load working condition changes, higher sampling frequency and the like, can more accurately capture transient impact load working conditions in the process of heading and rock breaking through a load back-solving technology, the main bearing load spectrum compiled on the basis can reflect the load working condition change of the main bearing in the actual construction process of the heading machine more truly, and more accurate input is provided for main bearing design, optimization, state evaluation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of underground engineering equipment, and particularly relates to a method and a system for acquiring a main bearing load spectrum of a heading machine.
Background
The development machine is complex underground engineering equipment integrating multiple subjects such as electromechanical liquid and the like, and is important equipment which is not available for the construction of infrastructures in the fields of national subways, railways, highways, national defense and the like. The main bearing is a core component of the heading machine, directly plays roles of power conversion, supporting the shield cutter head and enabling the shield cutter head to rotate to break rock, is complex in structure, is often faced with high-risk variable working conditions, bears huge random impact load, and service life of the main bearing often determines actual tunneling mileage of a product, and if the main bearing is damaged, maintenance is extremely difficult, and loss caused by shutdown is difficult to bear. Therefore, ensuring safe and reliable operation of the main bearing is of paramount importance. Due to the characteristics of complexity of geological environment, equipment customization and the like, the main bearing design of the current heading machine is generally based on experience or experimental models, and great difference exists between design input working conditions and actual service environment loads, so that the service life of the main bearing is difficult to accurately predict, and serious challenges are brought to product design optimization, operation maintenance and remanufacturing. Therefore, the method has important significance for equipment design optimization, intelligent operation and maintenance and the like by acquiring the service data of the main bearing of the heading machine and compiling a load spectrum.
At present, the method for acquiring service data of the main bearing of the development machine and compiling a load spectrum is mainly based on data such as thrust cylinder pressure, stroke and the like which are conventionally acquired in the development process of the development machine, loads such as axial force, overturning moment and radial force of the main bearing are calculated by utilizing the data, and then the main bearing load spectrum is compiled on the basis. However, the above method has several disadvantages:
(1) The sampling frequency of data such as the pressure and the stroke of a thrust cylinder in the actual tunneling process of the tunneling machine is lower, generally 1Hz or more, namely, the data of the pressure and the stroke of the cylinder is collected once in one second, the impact load caused by cutting rock and soil by a cutter head is usually short in duration and extremely quick in change, the amplitude of the impact load cannot be captured by the too low sampling frequency spectrum, the main bearing load data obtained through calculation of the pressure and the stroke of the cylinder has larger deviation from the actual working condition, and the life damage caused by the impact load with high amplitude to the main bearing is usually larger than the load of a stable working condition.
(2) The change of the rock-soil load of the cutterhead cutting is reflected to the oil pressure change through a main driving structure, an oil cylinder structure, oil liquid and the like, the transmission path is long, and the oil liquid pressure has slower response to dynamic load, and is not as high as the response sensitivity of the structure transmission load. Therefore, a certain error exists between the dynamic load calculated through the pressure of the oil cylinder and the actual working condition.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement demands of the prior art, the invention provides a method and a system for acquiring the load spectrum of a main bearing of a development machine, which can better capture the dynamic load of the main bearing of the development machine in the underground construction process so as to acquire a more accurate load spectrum.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for acquiring a load spectrum of a main bearing of a heading machine, including:
S1, establishing a finite element model of a main driving structure of a development machine; respectively inputting the combined working conditions comprising different axial forces and overturning moments into the finite element model to obtain stress values and strain values of all nodes in the finite element model under all the combined working conditions;
s2, determining stress sensitive areas of the finite element model under various combined working conditions, and respectively determining a target node in each stress sensitive area;
The stress value or the strain value of each node in the stress sensitive area is larger than the stress threshold value or the strain threshold value, and the stress value of each node in the stress sensitive area does not exceed the yield strength of the material under the rated working condition; the target nodes are non-stress concentration points, the stress difference value or the strain difference value between the nodes in the adjacent preset areas of the target nodes is not larger than a stress difference value threshold or a strain difference value threshold, and the total number of the target nodes is not smaller than the number of load components;
S3, fitting the strain values of each target node under each combined working condition and the loads corresponding to each combined working condition to obtain a load response matrix K so as to determine a load calculation formula;
Wherein, the load calculation formula is: ，， The load matrix comprises axial force and overturning moment corresponding to the same combined working condition, and C is a strain matrix comprising strain values of all target nodes under the same combined working condition;
S4, taking the point corresponding to each target node on the main driving structure of the heading machine as a real measurement point, calculating the load corresponding to each static pushing working condition according to the stress value of each real measurement point under each static pushing working condition and the load calculation formula obtained in the step S3, and comparing the load with the load calculated according to the pressure and stroke data of each pushing oil cylinder under each static pushing working condition to correct B to obtain B'; the propelling force of the pushing cutterhead is different under different static pushing working conditions;
s5, collecting strain values of all the actual measurement points in the tunneling process of the tunneling machine, and according to a formula And determining the load in the tunneling process and compiling a load spectrum of a main bearing of the tunneling machine.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a main bearing load spectrum acquisition device for a heading machine, comprising:
The first processing module is used for establishing a finite element model of a main driving structure of the heading machine; respectively inputting the combined working conditions comprising different axial forces and overturning moments into the finite element model to obtain stress values and strain values of all nodes in the finite element model under all the combined working conditions;
The second processing module is used for determining stress sensitive areas of the finite element model under various combined working conditions and respectively determining a target node in each stress sensitive area;
The stress value or the strain value of each node in the stress sensitive area is larger than the stress threshold value or the strain threshold value, and the stress value of each node in the stress sensitive area does not exceed the yield strength of the material under the rated working condition; the target nodes are non-stress concentration points, the stress difference value or the strain difference value between the nodes in the adjacent preset areas of the target nodes is not larger than a stress difference value threshold or a strain difference value threshold, and the total number of the target nodes is not smaller than the number of load components;
The third processing module is used for fitting the strain value of each target node under each combined working condition with the load corresponding to each combined working condition to obtain a load response matrix K so as to determine a load calculation formula;
Wherein, the load calculation formula is: ，， The load matrix comprises axial force and overturning moment corresponding to the same combined working condition, and C is a strain matrix comprising strain values of all target nodes under the same combined working condition;
the fourth processing module takes the point corresponding to each target node on the main driving structure of the heading machine as a real measurement point, calculates the load corresponding to each static pushing working condition according to the stress value of each real measurement point under each static pushing working condition and the load calculation formula obtained in the step S3, and compares the load with the load calculated according to the pressure and the stroke data of each pushing oil cylinder under each static pushing working condition to correct B to obtain B'; the propelling force of the pushing cutterhead is different under different static pushing working conditions;
And a fifth processing module for collecting the strain value of each real measurement point in the tunneling process of the tunneling machine, determining the load in the tunneling process according to a formula F=B' C, and compiling a load spectrum of the main bearing of the tunneling machine.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for acquiring a load spectrum of a main bearing of a heading machine, comprising: a computer readable storage medium and a processor;
the computer-readable storage medium is for storing executable instructions;
The processor is configured to read executable instructions stored in the computer readable storage medium and perform the method according to the first aspect.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention there is provided a computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing a processor to perform the method according to the first aspect.
In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention, compared with the prior art, enable the following beneficial effects to be obtained:
The method provided by the invention is used for establishing a finite element model of a main driving structure of the development machine, simulating the stress condition of the main driving in the development process of the development machine by applying axial force and overturning moment, setting different axial force and overturning moment combined working conditions, carrying out structural simulation analysis, selecting a stress sensitive area of the main driving structure, combining a strain gauge to install an actual operation space, and extracting node strain data of a simulation model; establishing a load calibration matrix by using the load data and the simulation model strain data under the corresponding working conditions, and verifying and correcting the load calibration matrix by using the actual measurement data in the tunneling process; and referring to strain data extraction nodes of a stress sensitive area of a simulation model, arranging strain sensors at corresponding positions of a main driving structure of the heading machine, setting proper frequency (such as 1000 Hz) to acquire strain data of each measuring point in the heading process, and reversely solving axial force and overturning moment of the main bearing by using a load calibration matrix, so that dynamic load of the main bearing of the heading machine in the underground construction process is obtained, and a more accurate load spectrum is compiled. The accurate actual working condition input is provided for the design, analysis and optimization of the main bearing and other weight-related components of the heading machine. The method has obvious advantages in the aspect of accurately acquiring the load spectrum of the main bearing of the heading machine under the actual working condition.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for acquiring a main bearing load spectrum of a heading machine according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a simplified schematic diagram of loading of a main drive (main bearing) of a shield tunneling machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of average load, amplitude and frequency after counting rain flow according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic illustration of fitting the mean value of the axial force of the main bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of main bearing axial force amplitude fitting according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional 8×8-level load spectrum of an axial force of a main bearing based on an actually measured strain signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a one-dimensional 8-level load spectrum of axial force of a main bearing based on an actually measured strain signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
In the prior art, loads such as axial force, overturning moment and radial force of a main bearing are obtained by calculation based on data such as thrust cylinder pressure, stroke and structural member gravity which are conventionally collected in the tunneling process of a tunneling machine, and a rain flow counting method and the like are adopted to obtain a main bearing load spectrum. However, in the construction process of the heading machine, due to complex and changeable geological environment and unstable load in the process of cutting rock and soil by the cutterhead, huge instantaneous impact working conditions are often accompanied, the impact working conditions have great damage to the main bearing and other structures of the heading machine, the sampling frequency of sensors such as the pressure of a propulsion cylinder of the heading machine is low (generally 1Hz or more), impact working condition signals cannot be effectively captured, and the obtained load spectrum is difficult to accurately reflect the actual working condition of the heading machine. Based on this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for obtaining a load spectrum of a main bearing of a heading machine, as shown in fig. 1, including:
S1, establishing a finite element model of a main driving structure of a development machine; and respectively inputting the combined working conditions comprising different axial forces and overturning moments into the finite element model to obtain stress values and strain values of all nodes in the finite element model under all the combined working conditions.
Specifically, a finite element model of a main driving structure of the heading machine is built, and the combined working conditions of different axial forces and overturning moments are set as inputs of the finite element model of the main driving structure, so that stress and strain results of the main driving structure under different working conditions are obtained.
S2, determining stress sensitive areas of the finite element model under various combined working conditions, and respectively determining a target node in each stress sensitive area;
the stress value or the strain value of each node in the stress sensitive area is larger than the stress threshold value or the strain threshold value, and the stress value of each node in the stress sensitive area does not exceed the yield strength of the material under the rated working condition; the target nodes are non-stress concentration points, the stress difference value or the strain difference value between the nodes in the adjacent preset areas of the target nodes is not larger than a stress difference value threshold or a strain difference value threshold, and the total number of the target nodes is not smaller than the load classification number.
Specifically, stress sensitive areas of the finite element model of the main driving structure under all combined working conditions are selected, and a target node is respectively determined in each stress sensitive area.
The stress sensitive area meets the following requirements: 1) The stress or strain of each node in the node area (namely the stress sensitive area) is sensitive to loads such as axial force or overturning moment, namely the stress or strain value of each node in the area when the load amplitude changes obviously changes (for example, the change value range of the stress or strain value of each point is more than 50 MPA); or directly taking the area with the average stress or strain value being in the front A% (A is a real number larger than 0 and can be set according to the actual situation) as a stress sensitive area; 2) The stress of the node area under the maximum working condition (namely the rated working condition and the designed maximum bearable working condition) does not exceed the yield strength of the material at the node area.
The target node in the stress sensitive area is selected according to the following principle: 1) Selecting nodes to avoid stress concentration points; 2) The total number of the selected nodes is not less than the number of the load classifications, and a plurality of nodes cannot be selected in the same stress sensitive area. 3) The difference of stress or strain data between nodes in the surface area (i.e. adjacent preset area) of the structure near the target node is not greater than the stress difference threshold or the strain difference threshold. For example, the stress/strain data difference between the nodes is no greater than 30%.
It will be appreciated that the load components to which the primary drive structure is subjected include axial forces, overturning moments, radial forces, propulsion forces, etc., and that the present application prioritizes axial forces and overturning moments, i.e. the number of load components is preferably 2.
S3, according to the relationFitting the strain value of each target node under each combined working condition with the load corresponding to each combined working condition to obtain a load response matrix K so as to determine a load calculation formula; wherein, the load calculation formula is:，， The load matrix comprises axial force and overturning moment corresponding to the same combined working condition, and the strain matrix comprises strain values of all target nodes under the same combined working condition.
Specifically, strain data of each target node under each combined working condition and data of different axial forces and overturning moment combined working conditions are extracted to establish a strain and load linear equation set under multiple working conditions, and the following equation is obtained:
；
In the form of a strain matrix, N is the number of target nodes,The strain values of the target nodes 1,2 and N are respectively; In the form of a load matrix, ，In order for the axial force to be applied,Is the overturning moment; k is the load response matrix.
Since the number of loads and the number of nodes of strain extraction tend not to be equal, the inverse matrix of K tends not to exist. Therefore, the least square method is adopted to solve the problem:
；
In the method, in the process of the invention, Is thatTo the conjugate transpose matrix of (1), letThe load calibration matrix is obtained.
The strain data of each target node under each combined working condition and the combined working condition data of different axial forces and overturning moments are fitted to obtain K according toAnd B is calculated, so that a calculation formula of F is obtained.
S4, taking a point corresponding to each target node on a main driving structure of the heading machine as a real measurement point, acquiring stress values of each real measurement point under different static pushing working conditions, and pressure and travel data of each pushing cylinder under each static pushing working condition, calculating the load corresponding to each static pushing working condition according to the strain value of each real measurement point under each static pushing working condition and the load calculation formula obtained in the step S3, and comparing the load with the load calculated according to the pressure and travel data of each pushing cylinder under each static pushing working condition to correct B to obtain B'; the propelling force of the pushing cutterhead is different under different static pushing working conditions.
The strain value of each real measurement point can be acquired by any stress acquisition device, such as a strain gauge, a strain gauge and the like, and in consideration of acquisition cost, the embodiment of the invention preferably adopts the strain gauge to acquire the strain value, and based on the strain gauge, preferably, each target node is provided with an actual operation space for arranging the strain gauge, the strain value of each real measurement point is acquired by the strain gauge arranged at each real measurement point, and the patch direction of each strain gauge is consistent with the direction for extracting the strain value of each target node in a finite element model.
Therefore, when selecting the target node, the target node should also have an actual operation space for installing the strain gauge in addition to the selection principle according to the target node, and considering that the area of the strain gauge is generally 1 square centimeter, the area of the adjacent preset area can be set to be 1 square centimeter.
Referring to the positions of strain extraction nodes of the simulation model, arranging strain gauges at corresponding positions of a main driving structure of the heading machine, wherein the patch directions and the number of the strain gauges are respectively consistent with the strain extraction directions of the simulation model and the number of target nodes; different propelling force pushing cutterheads are arranged on a construction site, and the stable pressure value of the oil cylinder is ensured after a certain time is kept; and then, extracting the pressure and travel data of each propulsion oil cylinder and the strain data of each actual measurement point under the static pushing working condition (the cutterhead is not rotated) of the heading machine, calculating the axial force and the overturning moment by utilizing the strain data and the load calibration matrix B, comparing the axial force and the overturning moment calculated on the basis of the oil cylinder pressure and the travel actual measurement data, and verifying and correcting the load calibration matrix B obtained through calculation to obtain B'.
Any one of the existing fitting methods can be adopted to correct B to obtain B', such as a least square method.
S5, collecting strain values of all the actual measurement points in the tunneling process of the tunneling machine, and according to a formulaAnd determining the load in the tunneling process and compiling a load spectrum of a main driving structure of the tunneling machine, namely a load spectrum of a main bearing of the tunneling machine.
Preferably, before the step of plotting the load spectrum of the main bearing of the heading machine, the method further comprises:
And carrying out filtering treatment on the load in the tunneling process, such as preprocessing by adopting a low-pass filter and the like, so as to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the load data.
Preferably, in step S5, the strain value of each real measurement point in the tunneling process of the heading machine is collected according to a preset sampling frequency; the preset frequency is not lower than 256Hz.
Specifically, firstly, setting a proper sampling frequency (not lower than 256 Hz) to collect strain data of each measuring point in the tunneling process, and reversely solving working condition load time history data such as main bearing axial force, overturning moment and the like in the construction process of the tunneling machine by utilizing the corrected load calibration matrix B:
；
In the formula, B' is a corrected load calibration matrix, and it can be understood that because working condition loads such as main bearing axial force, overturning moment and the like in the construction process of the development machine are calculated at the moment, C is strain data of each real point in the construction process of the development machine.
And secondly, preprocessing the load time history data by adopting a low-pass filter and the like, and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the data.
And then, drawing a load spectrum of the main bearing of the heading machine according to the preprocessed load time history data. According to the invention, a load spectrum of the main bearing of the heading machine is drawn by adopting an existing method, the axial force and overturning moment time process data of the main bearing are counted by utilizing a rain flow counting method to obtain a load average value, an amplitude value and a frequency, and a distribution function (such as three-parameter Weibull distribution) is further established by adopting a statistical principle to obtain a load extremum and a load spectrum (generally eight-level spectrum) of the main bearing in a service period. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) And counting the load time history data to obtain load characteristics in the load time history data, namely load amplitude, load average value and corresponding load frequency in the load time history data.
And analyzing the processed load time history data by using a rain flow counting method, and removing time domain information to obtain a load mean value, an amplitude value and a frequency.
(2) A distribution function is established by adopting a statistical principle, three-parameter Weibull distribution is adopted for fitting between load amplitude and frequency, and normal distribution is adopted for fitting between load average and frequency:
；
P is the probability of the occurrence of the mean value extremum, epsilon, beta and alpha are fitting parameters of three-parameter Will distribution, mu P is standard normal deviation, and sigma and mu are standard deviation and mean value of normal distribution respectively.
(3) After the extremum of the mean value and the amplitude is obtained, the mean value is divided into 8 stages by adopting an equidistant grading method, the amplitude is divided into 8 stages (1, 0.95, 0.85, 0.725, 0.575, 0.425, 0.275 and 0.125) by adopting an unequal interval grading method, and then a two-dimensional density distribution function is used for integration to obtain a two-dimensional load spectrum corresponding to frequencies under different uniform amplitude values.
(4) And (3) extrapolating the load spectrum in the step (3) to a full life cycle (usually 10000 hours or 10 kilometers in tunneling) by adopting a two-dimensional probability density function by taking tunneling time or mileage corresponding to measured data as a reference, expanding the load cycle times to the full life cycle times, and obtaining a new average value (namely a weighted average value) by dividing the total times according to the accumulated count of each frequency by the 8-level average value according to the fixed amplitude value, so as to form a one-dimensional 8-level load spectrum of the main bearing with the fixed average value and the variable amplitude value.
In summary, the method provided by the invention is based on the structure actual measurement strain signal to compile a main bearing load spectrum, the phenomenon that the stress change of a sensitive area of a main driving structure is brought synchronously due to the load working condition changes such as actual axial force, overturning moment and the like in the tunneling process of a tunneling machine is utilized, a load-strain mapping relation (namely, a load calibration matrix) is obtained through simulation calculation, different propulsive forces are arranged on a construction site to prop against a cutterhead, the load calibration matrix is corrected by utilizing the pressure, stroke and each actual measurement point strain data meter of each propulsive cylinder under the static pushing working condition (the cutterhead is not rotated) of the tunneling machine (namely, the actual measurement data is utilized to correct), and the main bearing load time history data can be obtained based on the actual measurement strain signal reaction through the load-strain mapping relation, and the main bearing load spectrum is compiled.
The method provided by the invention is further described below with a specific example.
Taking a certain type of shield machine as an example, the stress of a cutter head in the tunneling process can be simplified into loads such as axial force, overturning moment and torque (shown in a figure 2), and the loads are transmitted to a main driving structure through the cutter head and act on a main bearing, wherein the axial force and the overturning moment fluctuate greatly in the process of cutting rock and soil by the cutter head, are main loads affecting the service life of the main bearing (the radial force of the main bearing generated by gravity of the main driving structure is relatively stable and can be calculated by an empirical formula).
(1) The finite element model of the main driving structure of the shield machine is established, boundary conditions are set according to constraint states of the finite element model, an axial force and overturning moment value interval is determined based on the maximum bearing load, sample data (3-5) are selected in each load interval to form different loading combination schemes, and simulation calculation is carried out.
(2) Determining stress sensitive nodes of the simulation model under various working conditions according to a stress sensitive area node selection principle, extracting main strain data at various nodes under different calculation working conditions, establishing a strain and load linear equation set by combining the strain data with different axial forces and overturning moment working conditions, and solving by using a least square method to obtain a 2 multiplied by 6 calibration matrix as follows, namely, corresponding to 2 load variables and 6 main strain variables of the nodes;
。
(1) According to the stress sensitive node obtained by finite element simulation calculation, installing a strain gauge at a corresponding position of a main driving structure of the shield tunneling machine, and collecting a strain signal in the tunneling process; correcting the calibration matrix by using a shield static pushing working condition (a pushing oil cylinder is pushed forward, a cutter head is not rotated, the shield static pushing working condition is stable for 1-2 minutes, and data such as oil cylinder pressure, stroke, strain and the like are recorded); then, strain data of each measuring point collected in the actual tunneling process is input into And (B') is a corrected calibration matrix, C is a time-varying matrix established by using measured strain data of each measuring point, and load time history data such as axial force, overturning moment and the like are obtained by calculation.
(2) And performing low-pass filtering and other treatments on the calculated load time history data to improve the data signal-to-noise ratio, and then performing statistical analysis on the load data by adopting a rain flow count to obtain the average value, the amplitude and the frequency of the load in the tunneling process, as shown in figure 3.
(3) Respectively carrying out normal distribution and Weibull distribution density function fitting (as shown in figures 4-5) on the average value and the amplitude value of the load, obtaining a two-dimensional density distribution function by combining the two distribution density functions, and respectively grading the average value and the amplitude value to obtain a two-dimensional 8 multiplied by 8 level load spectrum; further, the load spectrum is extrapolated to the full life cycle by adopting a two-dimensional probability density function, and an extrapolated two-dimensional 8 multiplied by 8-level load spectrum is obtained.
(4) The two-dimensional 8×8-level load spectrum of the axial force of the main bearing in the full life cycle based on the measured strain signal is shown in fig. 6.
(5) In the practical application process, the one-dimensional load spectrum is more suitable for being used as the input of the main bearing design analysis. And dividing the 8-level mean value by the total times after accumulating and counting each frequency to obtain a new mean value, and fixing the mean value to obtain a final one-dimensional 8-level load spectrum.
The one-dimensional 8-level load spectrum of the axial force of the main bearing in the full life cycle based on the actually measured strain signal is shown in fig. 7, and the average value is 2.55 multiplied by 10 6 N.
The embodiment of the invention provides a device for acquiring a load spectrum of a main bearing of a heading machine, which comprises the following steps:
The first processing module is used for establishing a finite element model of a main driving structure of the heading machine; respectively inputting the combined working conditions comprising different axial forces and overturning moments into the finite element model to obtain stress values and strain values of all nodes in the finite element model under all the combined working conditions;
The second processing module is used for determining stress sensitive areas of the finite element model under various combined working conditions and respectively determining a target node in each stress sensitive area;
The stress value or the strain value of each node in the stress sensitive area is larger than the stress threshold value or the strain threshold value, and the stress value of each node in the stress sensitive area does not exceed the yield strength of the material under the rated working condition; the target nodes are non-stress concentration points, the stress difference value or the strain difference value between the nodes in the adjacent preset areas of the target nodes is not larger than a stress difference value threshold or a strain difference value threshold, and the total number of the target nodes is not smaller than the number of load components;
The third processing module is used for fitting the strain value of each target node under each combined working condition with the load corresponding to each combined working condition to obtain a load response matrix K so as to determine a load calculation formula;
Wherein, the load calculation formula is: ，， The load matrix comprises axial force and overturning moment corresponding to the same combined working condition, and C is a strain matrix comprising strain values of all target nodes under the same combined working condition;
The fourth processing module takes the point corresponding to each target node on the main driving structure of the heading machine as a real measurement point, calculates the load corresponding to each static pushing working condition according to the stress value of each real measurement point under each static pushing working condition and the load calculation formula obtained in the step S3, compares the load with the load calculated according to the pressure and stroke data of each pushing oil cylinder under each static pushing working condition, and corrects B to obtain B'; the propelling force of the pushing cutterhead is different under different static pushing working conditions;
The fifth processing module is used for collecting the strain value of each real measurement point in the tunneling process of the tunneling machine and obtaining the strain value according to the formula And determining the load in the tunneling process and compiling a load spectrum of a main bearing of the tunneling machine.
The embodiment of the invention provides a system for acquiring a load spectrum of a main bearing of a heading machine, which comprises the following steps: a computer readable storage medium and a processor;
the computer-readable storage medium is for storing executable instructions;
The processor is configured to read executable instructions stored in the computer readable storage medium and perform a method as in any of the embodiments described above.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a processor to perform a method as described in any of the embodiments above.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The method for acquiring the load spectrum of the main bearing of the heading machine is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1, establishing a finite element model of a main driving structure of a development machine; respectively inputting the combined working conditions comprising different axial forces and overturning moments into the finite element model to obtain stress values and strain values of all nodes in the finite element model under all the combined working conditions;
s2, determining stress sensitive areas of the finite element model under various combined working conditions, and respectively determining a target node in each stress sensitive area;
The stress value or the strain value of each node in the stress sensitive area is larger than the stress threshold value or the strain threshold value, and the stress value of each node in the stress sensitive area does not exceed the yield strength of the material under the rated working condition; the target nodes are non-stress concentration points, the stress difference value or the strain difference value between the nodes in the adjacent preset areas of the target nodes is not larger than a stress difference value threshold or a strain difference value threshold, and the total number of the target nodes is not smaller than the number of load components;
S3, fitting the strain values of each target node under each combined working condition and the loads corresponding to each combined working condition to obtain a load response matrix K so as to determine a load calculation formula; wherein, the load calculation formula is: f=bc, B is a load calibration matrix, b= (K HK)-1 K, F is a load matrix including axial force and overturning moment corresponding to the same combined working condition, C is a strain matrix including strain values of each target node under the same combined working condition;
S4, taking the point corresponding to each target node on the main driving structure of the heading machine as a real measurement point, calculating the load corresponding to each static pushing working condition according to the stress value of each real measurement point under each static pushing working condition and the load calculation formula obtained in the step S3, and comparing the load with the load calculated according to the pressure and stroke data of each pushing oil cylinder under each static pushing working condition to correct B to obtain B'; the propelling force of the pushing cutterhead is different under different static pushing working conditions;
s5, acquiring strain values of the real measurement points in the tunneling process of the tunneling machine, determining the load in the tunneling process according to a formula F=B' C, and compiling a load spectrum of a main bearing of the tunneling machine.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein each target node has an actual operation space in which strain gauges are arranged, the strain values at each actual point are acquired by the strain gauges arranged at each actual point, and the patch direction of each strain gauge is consistent with the direction in which the strain values of each target node are extracted in the finite element model.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step S5, before compiling the load spectrum of the main bearing of the heading machine, further comprising:
And carrying out filtering treatment on the load in the tunneling process.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S4, correction is performed using least squares B to obtain B'.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, strain values of the real measurement points in the tunneling process of the heading machine are collected according to a preset sampling frequency; the preset sampling frequency is not lower than 256Hz.
6. The utility model provides a tunneller main bearing load spectrum acquisition device which characterized in that includes:
The first processing module is used for establishing a finite element model of a main driving structure of the heading machine; respectively inputting the combined working conditions comprising different axial forces and overturning moments into the finite element model to obtain stress values and strain values of all nodes in the finite element model under all the combined working conditions;
The second processing module is used for determining stress sensitive areas of the finite element model under various combined working conditions and respectively determining a target node in each stress sensitive area;
The stress value or the strain value of each node in the stress sensitive area is larger than the stress threshold value or the strain threshold value, and the stress value of each node in the stress sensitive area does not exceed the yield strength of the material under the rated working condition; the target nodes are non-stress concentration points, the stress difference value or the strain difference value between the nodes in the adjacent preset areas of the target nodes is not larger than a stress difference value threshold or a strain difference value threshold, and the total number of the target nodes is not smaller than the number of load components;
the third processing module is used for fitting the strain value of each target node under each combined working condition with the load corresponding to each combined working condition to obtain a load response matrix K so as to determine a load calculation formula; wherein, the load calculation formula is: f=bc, B is a load calibration matrix, b= (K HK)-1 K, F is a load matrix including axial force and overturning moment corresponding to the same combined working condition, C is a strain matrix including strain values of each target node under the same combined working condition;
the fourth processing module takes the point corresponding to each target node on the main driving structure of the heading machine as a real measurement point, calculates the load corresponding to each static pushing working condition according to the stress value of each real measurement point under each static pushing working condition and the load calculation formula obtained in the step S3, and compares the load with the load calculated according to the pressure and the stroke data of each pushing oil cylinder under each static pushing working condition to correct B to obtain B'; the propelling force of the pushing cutterhead is different under different static pushing working conditions;
And a fifth processing module for collecting the strain value of each real measurement point in the tunneling process of the tunneling machine, determining the load in the tunneling process according to a formula F=B' C, and compiling a load spectrum of the main bearing of the tunneling machine.
7. The utility model provides a tunneller main bearing load spectrum acquisition system which characterized in that includes: a computer readable storage medium and a processor;
the computer-readable storage medium is for storing executable instructions;
The processor is configured to read executable instructions stored in the computer readable storage medium and perform the method of any one of claims 1-5.
8. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, the computer instructions for causing a processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411030265.6A CN118551633B (en) | 2024-07-30 | 2024-07-30 | A method and system for acquiring load spectrum of main bearing of tunnel boring machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411030265.6A CN118551633B (en) | 2024-07-30 | 2024-07-30 | A method and system for acquiring load spectrum of main bearing of tunnel boring machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118551633A CN118551633A (en) | 2024-08-27 |
| CN118551633B true CN118551633B (en) | 2024-10-15 |
Family
ID=92455319
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411030265.6A Active CN118551633B (en) | 2024-07-30 | 2024-07-30 | A method and system for acquiring load spectrum of main bearing of tunnel boring machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118551633B (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113390502A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-09-14 | 大连理工大学 | TBM cutter head vibration monitoring and evaluation method |
| CN114491852A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-05-13 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Method for compiling load spectrum of main bearing of tunneling machine |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20200285787A1 (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-09-10 | Dalian University Of Technology | Vibration reduction optimization method for host system of tunnel boring machine |
| CN112541163B (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2024-09-24 | 北京三一智造科技有限公司 | Processing method and device of load spectrum data and electronic equipment |
| CN113987684A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-01-28 | 上海合科科技有限公司 | SN curve-based random stress load spectrum classification method, system and storage medium |
| CN115408839A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-29 | 盾构及掘进技术国家重点实验室 | Large-scale tunneling machine main drive bearing service life assessment method and computer readable medium |
-
2024
- 2024-07-30 CN CN202411030265.6A patent/CN118551633B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113390502A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-09-14 | 大连理工大学 | TBM cutter head vibration monitoring and evaluation method |
| CN114491852A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-05-13 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Method for compiling load spectrum of main bearing of tunneling machine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN118551633A (en) | 2024-08-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR101935558B1 (en) | System and method for earthquake damage prediction and analysis of structures, and a recording medium having computer readable program for executing the method | |
| CN107301282B (en) | Inversion method of concrete dam mechanical parameters based on multi-source monitoring time series data | |
| CN104406623A (en) | Method for determining dynamic stability coefficient of side slope based on underground water level and displacement monitoring | |
| CN114201831B (en) | Rolling bearing working condition quantitative analysis method based on vibration signal real-time acquisition | |
| CN113357099B (en) | A fatigue diagnosis and detection method of wind turbine tower based on acceleration sensor | |
| CN117493815B (en) | A deep foundation pit monitoring method and system based on BIM | |
| CN104502450B (en) | Simple pipeline mount stress recognition methods | |
| CN108573224A (en) | A Damage Location Method for Bridge Structures Based on Moving Reconstructed Principal Components of Single Sensor Information | |
| Hartmann et al. | Coupling sensor-based structural health monitoring with finite element model updating for probabilistic lifetime estimation of wind energy converter structures | |
| CN110864902B (en) | A method for early fault detection of rolling bearings based on fractional scatter entropy | |
| CN104535346B (en) | Anti-slip stability detection method for concrete gravity dangerous dam | |
| GB2622902A (en) | Multi-factor quantitative analysis method for deformation of neighborhood tunnel | |
| Wu et al. | Crack diagnosis method for a cantilevered beam structure based on modal parameters | |
| CN118551633B (en) | A method and system for acquiring load spectrum of main bearing of tunnel boring machine | |
| CN114943149A (en) | Method for calculating volume of rock mass damaged by rock burst in tunnel | |
| CN115290276A (en) | Bridge static behavior prediction method based on vibration and response surface | |
| CN118981601A (en) | A tunnel deformation prediction method based on multi-source data fusion | |
| CN118349810A (en) | Method, equipment and storage medium for predicting maximum subsidence of earth surface caused by construction | |
| Cadoret et al. | Damage detection and localization method for wind turbine rotor based on Operational Modal Analysis and anisotropy tracking | |
| CN115935742A (en) | Finite difference-based heterogeneous slope seismic displacement probability analysis method and system | |
| CN114139383A (en) | A dynamic fatigue reliability risk assessment method for fuel cell vehicles | |
| Xiang et al. | An algorithm of eliminating spike of the measured excavator load spectrum signal based on peak-valley extraction | |
| CN110084524A (en) | A kind of strain field Real-time Reconstruction method based on electric detecting technology | |
| CN118133581B (en) | Method and device for constructing coal rock mass stress model | |
| Sun et al. | Classification of anchor bolts based on spectral kurtosis and K-means clustering algorithm |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |