CN118547630B - Energy dissipation floating breakwater structure with resonant cavity moored by serial buoys - Google Patents
Energy dissipation floating breakwater structure with resonant cavity moored by serial buoys Download PDFInfo
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- CN118547630B CN118547630B CN202411017272.2A CN202411017272A CN118547630B CN 118547630 B CN118547630 B CN 118547630B CN 202411017272 A CN202411017272 A CN 202411017272A CN 118547630 B CN118547630 B CN 118547630B
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- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/062—Constructions floating in operational condition, e.g. breakwaters or wave dissipating walls
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean engineering, in particular to an energy dissipation floating breakwater structure with a resonant cavity, which is moored by a serial buoy, and comprises a floating breakwater body, wherein the floating breakwater body comprises a movable airtight chamber, a floating breakwater wave facing side and a floating breakwater backwave side, the airtight chamber is arranged between the floating breakwater wave facing side and the floating breakwater backwave side, a first resonant cavity is formed by an unsealed bottom gap between the airtight chamber and the floating breakwater wave facing side, a second resonant cavity is formed by an unsealed bottom gap between the airtight chamber and the floating breakwater backwave side, and a movement control device is stored in the airtight chamber and used for controlling the airtight chamber to move towards the direction of the floating breakwater facing side or the floating breakwater backwave side based on the detected wave period so as to adjust the widths of the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity, so that the natural frequency of the energy dissipation floating breakwater structure is the same as the detected wave frequency, and a better energy dissipation effect can be achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean engineering, in particular to an energy dissipation floating breakwater structure with a resonant cavity, which is moored by a series buoy.
Background
The breakwater plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the water area in the harbor, reducing the wave action of the building in the harbor, and the like as a defensive offshore structure for resisting the open sea waves.
The traditional bottom-sitting breakwater can provide a better calm sea surface condition in the harbor, but has higher requirements on the condition of the seabed foundation. Due to the design of the water bottom, the free exchange of the water bodies inside and outside the breakwater is influenced, the offshore ecological environment is influenced, and the manufacturing cost is continuously increased along with the increase of the water depth. Compared with the conventional floating-box type floating breakwater has low requirements on submarine geological conditions, and water exchange inside and outside a shelter area is not affected. But when facing medium and long periodic waves, the breakwater performance of the floating breakwater is deteriorated.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention provides an energy dissipation floating breakwater structure with a resonant cavity moored by a series buoy, which solves the technical problem of insufficient wave dissipation effect on medium-long period waves in the prior art.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the main technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an energy dissipation floating breakwater structure with a resonant cavity, wherein the energy dissipation floating breakwater structure is moored by a series buoy, and the energy dissipation floating breakwater structure comprises a buoy, a floating breakwater and a seabed anchor point, wherein the floating breakwater is connected to the buoy through a mooring cable, and the buoy is connected to the seabed anchor point through the mooring cable;
the floating breakwater comprises a floating breakwater body, wherein the floating breakwater body comprises a movable airtight chamber, a floating breakwater wave facing side and a floating breakwater backwave side, the airtight chamber is arranged between the floating breakwater wave facing side and the floating breakwater backwave side, a gap with an unsealed bottom between the airtight chamber and the floating breakwater wave facing side forms a first resonance chamber, and a gap with an unsealed bottom between the airtight chamber and the floating breakwater backwave side forms a second resonance chamber;
and a movement control device is stored in the airtight chamber and is used for controlling the movement of the airtight chamber to the direction of the movement of the wave facing side of the floating breakwater or the wave facing side of the floating breakwater back of levee based on the detected wave period so as to adjust the widths of the first resonant chamber and the second resonant chamber.
In one possible embodiment, the interior of the wave-facing side of the floating breakwater and the interior of the side of the floating breakwater backwave are both provided with an open-cell chamber and a first buoyancy chamber disposed directly below the open-cell chamber, and the exterior of the wave-facing side of the floating breakwater and the exterior of the side of the floating breakwater backwave are both provided with two rows of pressure relief holes communicating with the open-cell chamber and an open channel disposed above the two rows of pressure relief holes and communicating with the open-cell chamber.
In one possible embodiment, a perforated horizontal wing is provided between the two rows of pressure relief holes.
In one possible embodiment, the interiors of the wave-facing side of the floating breakwater and the side of the floating breakwater backwave are further provided with a second buoyancy chamber, and the second buoyancy chamber is provided on the side of the opening chamber and the first buoyancy chamber close to the airtight chamber.
In one possible embodiment, the floating breakwater body includes a top surface of the energy dissipating vent disposed above the air tight chamber, the wave-facing side of the floating breakwater, and the side of the floating breakwater backwave.
In one possible embodiment, the outer side of the wave facing side of the floating breakwater and the outer side of the floating breakwater backwave each comprise a curved surface section connected with the top surface, a bevel section and a vertical surface section arranged between the curved surface section and the bevel section, an open channel is arranged on the curved surface section, and two rows of pressure relief holes are arranged on the vertical surface section.
In one possible embodiment, the floating breakwater body further comprises a gas collecting power generation device arranged on the top surface, when the natural frequency of the energy dissipating floating breakwater structure is equal to the detected wave frequency, the gas collecting power generation device is used for absorbing external wave energy in the process of resonance between the waves and the structure, the reciprocating motion of fluid in the cavity is increased, the volume of air in the cavity is reduced after the air in the fluid is compressed, the pressure is increased, the air in the cavity is compressed by the vibration of water in the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity, part of energy of waves is converted into kinetic energy of the air, and a generator for wave power generation through the gas collecting power generation device is further arranged in the airtight chamber.
In one possible embodiment, a gas-collecting power plant includes a gas-collecting device and an air turbine.
According to a second aspect, the embodiment of the application provides a wave elimination method, the wave elimination method is applied to a movement control device in the energy elimination floating breakwater structure with the resonant cavity, moored by the serial buoy in the first aspect, the wave elimination method comprises the steps of acquiring a wave period acquired by a buoy wave sensor, calculating a wave frequency according to the wave period, determining a first gap width of a first resonant cavity and a second gap width of a second resonant cavity based on the wave frequency, and controlling the air tight chamber to move towards the wave facing side of the floating breakwater or the wave facing side of the floating breakwater back of levee based on the first gap width and the second gap width, so that the gap width of the first resonant cavity is adjusted to be the first gap width, and meanwhile, the gap width of the second resonant cavity is adjusted to be the second gap width, so that the natural frequency of the energy elimination floating breakwater structure is identical to the wave frequency through the adjustment of the gap width.
(III) beneficial effects
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The application provides an energy dissipation floating breakwater structure with a resonant cavity, which is moored by serial buoys, wherein the energy dissipation floating breakwater structure with the resonant cavity, which is moored by the serial buoys, can increase horizontal rigidity by flexibly adjusting the connection mode among the buoys, improve positioning capability and simultaneously reduce horizontal load on a structure.
The application can adjust the width of the resonance chambers (or resonance gaps) at the left and right sides by adjusting the middle airtight chamber left and right so as to achieve the best wave eliminating effect corresponding to the wave period.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a series buoy moored energy dissipating floating breakwater structure with a resonant cavity according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a floating breakwater according to an embodiment of the present application;
Figure 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a floating breakwater according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 shows a control schematic diagram of a mobile control device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 shows a flow chart of a wave canceling method provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of theoretical analysis of a floating breakwater provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a physical model scale of a floating breakwater according to an embodiment of the present application.
[ Reference numerals description ]
1, A first resonant cavity;
2, the wave-facing side of the floating breakwater;
3, floating breakwater backwave side;
4, an airtight chamber;
5, wing plates;
6, wave incident gaps;
7, a sliding block;
8, energy dissipation air holes;
9, a gas collecting power generation device;
10, opening a channel;
11, a pressure relief hole;
a second buoyancy chamber;
13, an opening cavity;
a first buoyancy chamber 14;
15 a second resonant chamber.
Detailed Description
The invention will be better explained by the following detailed description of the embodiments with reference to the drawings.
In order to solve the problem of poor wave-absorbing performance of the floating breakwater in the prior art, the application provides an energy-absorbing floating breakwater structure with a resonant cavity, which is moored by a series buoy, can realize the reduction of long-period waves in a deep sea area, and meanwhile, the two sides of the energy-absorbing floating breakwater are additionally provided with horizontal wing plates with holes, so that the moment of inertia of the device is increased, and meanwhile, the waves with different periods can be better reduced. The floating breakwater is also designed with a narrow gap at the inlet of the resonant cavity with a certain radian, and a system capable of controlling the width of the resonant cavity according to the wave period is designed to achieve the optimal wave-absorbing performance.
In order that the above-described aspects may be better understood, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
First embodiment
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an energy dissipation floating breakwater structure with a resonant cavity moored by a series buoy according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the energy dissipating floating breakwater structure with resonance cavity moored by the tandem buoy comprises a buoy, a floating breakwater and a seabed anchor point, wherein the floating breakwater is connected with the buoy through a mooring rope, and the buoy is connected with the seabed anchor point through the mooring rope.
In addition, the application can increase the horizontal rigidity by flexibly adjusting the connection mode between the pontoons, improve the positioning capability and reduce the horizontal load on the structure. And the number and the layout of the buoys can be adjusted according to specific requirements, so that the flexibility of the system is improved, and the system is more suitable for different ocean environments and engineering requirements, and the energy dissipation floating breakwater structure with the resonant cavity, which is moored by the buoys in series, is adopted, so that the system has greater advantages in stability, adaptability and flexibility compared with the traditional mooring system.
In order to facilitate understanding of the structure of the floating breakwater, the floating breakwater is described in connection with fig. 2 and 3.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the floating breakwater includes a floating breakwater body, the floating breakwater body includes a movable air-tight chamber 4, a floating breakwater facing side 2 and a floating breakwater backwave side 3, the air-tight chamber 4 is disposed between the floating breakwater facing side 2 and the floating breakwater backwave side 3, a bottom unsealed gap between the air-tight chamber 4 and the floating breakwater facing side 2 forms a first resonant cavity 1, i.e. a bottom unsealed gap between the air-tight chamber 4 and the floating breakwater facing side 2 forms a second resonant cavity 15, i.e. a bottom unsealed gap between the air-tight chamber 4 and the floating breakwater backwave side 3 also forms a wave incident gap 6.
And the airtight chamber 4 is an airtight space formed by a top surface and a slider 7 capable of sliding left and right on the top surface, and a movement control device for controlling the movement of the airtight chamber 4 to the direction of the movement of the floating breakwater facing side 2 or the floating breakwater backwave side 3 based on the detected wave period is stored in the slider 7, so as to adjust the widths of the first resonance chamber 1 and the second resonance chamber 15, thereby achieving an optimal wave-canceling effect. Meanwhile, since the movement amplitude is not large, the influence on the equipment stored in the airtight chamber 4 is small.
It should be understood that the specific device included in the mobile control device may be an existing device, and embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
For example, as shown in fig. 4, the movement control device may include a controller, a driver, and a door motor. And buoy wave sensors can be placed at appropriate distances in front of the floating breakwater to monitor and count the wave period. And the buoy wave sensor can transmit the wave period statistical result to the controller, and adopts the raspberry group 4B microprocessor as the controller to be matched with the expansion module for data acquisition. The controller is mainly responsible for receiving sensor data, calculating simulation effect, controlling the driver and feeding back, carrying out numerical prediction and fitting according to the statistical result of the wave period, calculating the width of the resonance chamber suitable for the wave in the current period, transmitting the calculated result to the driver, converting the result into an electric signal according to the fitting result, transmitting the electric signal to the door motor, and controlling the door motor to change the width of the resonance chamber. The door motor is set to different width gears according to the local wave conditions to control the width of the resonant cavity, so that the wave period in a certain range corresponds to the same width gear, the good wave-eliminating effect on waves in a certain period range is ensured under the width of the resonant cavity, and meanwhile, the loss of the device is reduced. Through the adjustment of the width of the resonance cavity, the natural frequency of the energy dissipation floating breakwater structure (or called a floating structure system) is the same as the frequency of the detected waves, and the waves are subjected to strong resonance in the cavity, so that the energy dissipation purpose is achieved. Buoy wave sensors are also placed at proper distances behind the floating breakwater, and the wave heights after passing through the breakwater are counted to realize the functions of detecting the wave-absorbing effect and feeding back and adjusting. The rear sensor periodically transmits wave height data to the mobile control device, the mobile control device compares the designed wave height value with the actual wave height value, controls and adjusts the condition of larger phase difference, transmits a control signal to the driver, and the driver controls and adjusts the width gear of the door motor, improves the wave-eliminating effect and completes feedback control. The upper computer can receive the numerical result from the mobile control device and various indexes of the waves and monitor the width of the resonance cavity and the current wave state.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the inside of the wave-facing side 2 of the floating breakwater and the inside of the side 3 of the floating breakwater backwave are both provided with an open-pore chamber 13 and a first buoyancy chamber 14 arranged right below the open-pore chamber 13, and the outside of the wave-facing side 2 of the floating breakwater and the outside of the side 3 of the floating breakwater backwave are both provided with two rows of pressure relief holes 11 communicated with the open-pore chamber 13 and an open channel 10 arranged above the two rows of pressure relief holes 11 and communicated with the open-pore chamber 13, so that the mechanical energy of a water body can be effectively reduced.
And the outer side of the wave facing side 2 of the floating breakwater and the outer side of the side 3 of the floating breakwater backwave respectively comprise a curved surface section connected with the top surface, an inclined surface section and a vertical surface section arranged between the curved surface section and the inclined surface section, an opening channel 10 is arranged on the curved surface section, and two rows of pressure relief holes 11 are arranged on the vertical surface section.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a horizontal wing plate 5 with holes is arranged between the two rows of pressure relief holes 11.
Specifically, the horizontal wing plates 5 arranged between the two rows of pressure relief holes 11 are arranged on the vertical surface section of the wave facing side 2 of the floating breakwater and the vertical surface section of the side 3 of the floating breakwater backwave, so that the existence of the horizontal wing plates 5 not only enhances the wave-absorbing effect of the floating breakwater, but also increases the moment of inertia of the floating breakwater, reduces the motion response and anchor chain stress of the floating breakwater, and improves the safety and reliability of the floating breakwater.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the interiors of the breakwater facing side 2 and the breakwater backwave side 3 are further provided with a second buoyancy chamber 12, and the second buoyancy chamber 12 is provided on the sides of the opening chamber 13 and the first buoyancy chamber 14 near the airtight chamber 4.
Here, the watertight building material is filled in the airtight chamber 4, the first buoyancy chamber 14, and the second buoyancy chamber 12, so that the necessary buoyancy can be provided to the entire floating breakwater unit.
It should be understood that the specific materials of the waterproof construction material may be set according to actual requirements, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
For example, the waterproof construction material may be a polyurethane foam, which is a lightweight, closed cell foam having excellent buoyancy and water resistance, and may be used to fill the cavity of a floating breakwater to provide the necessary buoyancy, and for example, the waterproof construction material may be a closed cell PVC foam, or a cross-linked polyethylene foam (XLPE), an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) foam, or the like, which may serve both as a waterproof and a buoyancy for the floating breakwater.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the floating breakwater body includes the top surfaces of the energy dissipating holes 8 provided above the airtight chamber 4, the wave-facing side 2 of the floating breakwater, and the side 3 of the floating breakwater backwave.
And the floating breakwater body further comprises a gas collecting power generation device 9 with an OWC opening arranged on the top surface, when the natural frequency of the gas collecting power generation device 9 is equal to the wave frequency, the natural frequency of the energy dissipating floating breakwater structure is equal to the wave frequency, external wave energy is absorbed in the process of resonance between waves and the structure, the reciprocating motion of fluid in the cavity is increased, the volume of air in the cavity is reduced after the fluid is compressed, the pressure is improved, the water in the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity 15 vibrates and extrudes the air in the cavity, part of energy of waves is converted into kinetic energy of the air, and therefore the gas collecting power generation device 9 can effectively utilize the part of the kinetic energy of the air to generate power.
And, a generator for wave power generation by the gas collecting power generation device 9 is further provided in the airtight chamber 4.
It should be understood that the specific device of the gas collecting power generation device 9 may be set according to actual requirements, and embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
For example, the gas-collecting power generation device 9 may include a gas-collecting device and an air turbine, so that wave energy power generation function can be realized while wave is eliminated.
Here, the parameters such as the dimensions of each device included in the floating breakwater may be set according to actual requirements, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
Therefore, by means of the technical scheme, the pressure relief holes are formed in the wave facing side of the floating breakwater and the side of the floating breakwater backwave, water body passes through the pressure relief holes and is converted into turbulence, and then the water body entering the cavity of the open cavity is discharged out of the breakwater through the open channel above, so that the mechanical energy of the water body is effectively reduced.
In addition, the application introduces the waves from the wave incident gap into the resonance chamber, and can change the right-angle base angle type of the narrow slit inlet and outlet at the bottom of the resonance chamber into a certain radian round base angle type, meanwhile, the wave cycle is counted by the buoy wave sensor, and the width of the resonance chamber is automatically regulated according to the wave cycle, thereby being beneficial to fluid to enter and exit the chamber and generate resonance, and wave energy is accumulated in the resonance chamber. And the water body entering the resonant cavity presents a large-amplitude lifting motion due to strong resonance, so that the mechanical energy of the water body is effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the air above the water body is caused to be strongly extruded, so that the conversion from the kinetic energy of the water body to the internal energy of the gas is realized.
In addition, the present application improves structural stability through a tandem buoy anchoring system. And the moment of inertia of the whole structure is increased, the motion response of the breakwater and the stress of an anchor chain are reduced by arranging the horizontal wing plate with the opening, and meanwhile, the gas-collecting power generation device is arranged to realize the power generation function of the floating breakwater.
In addition, the floating breakwater with the resonance chamber is subjected to structural optimization, so that the structural stability of the floating breakwater is greatly improved, the floating breakwater also has a power generation function, and has important engineering application value.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned floating breakwaters are only exemplary, and that a person skilled in the art can make various modifications according to the actual requirements, and that the solutions after such modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
Second embodiment
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 shows a flowchart of a wave-canceling method according to an embodiment of the present application. Specifically, the wave-absorbing method is applied to the movement control device in the energy-absorbing floating breakwater structure with the resonant cavity, which is moored by the series pontoon in the first embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
step S510, acquiring a wave cycle acquired by the buoy wave sensor.
Step S520, calculating the wave frequency according to the wave period.
Step S530, determining a first gap width of the first resonant cavity and a second gap width of the second resonant cavity based on the wave frequency, and controlling the airtight chamber to move towards the windward side of the floating breakwater or the windward side of the floating breakwater back of levee based on the first gap width and the second gap width so as to adjust the gap width of the first resonant cavity to the first gap width and adjust the gap width of the second resonant cavity to the second gap width, so that the natural frequency of the energy dissipation floating breakwater structure is the same as the wave frequency through the adjustment of the gap widths.
It should be understood that the calculation formula of the wave number and the calculation formula of the wave frequency can be set according to actual requirements, and the embodiment of the application is not limited thereto.
For example, the calculation formula of the wave number may be an existing calculation formula;
for another example, the wave frequency is calculated as: ;
in the formula, Representing wave frequency, g representing gravitational acceleration, k representing wave number, tanh representing hyperbolic tangent function, and h representing water depth.
It should also be appreciated that, based on the wave frequency, the calculation formulas for determining the first gap width of the first resonant chamber and the second gap width of the second resonant chamber may be set according to actual requirements, and embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
Alternatively, when the wave frequencyEqual to the frequency of the liquid in the first resonant cavityAnd wave frequencyEqual to the frequency of the liquid in the second resonant cavityWhen the natural frequency of the energy dissipation floating breakwater structure is the same as the wave frequency, namely the best wave dissipation effect can be achieved when the following conditions are met:;;
where l 1 denotes the gap width of the first resonant chamber and l 2 denotes the gap width of the second resonant chamber.
In order to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, a process of determining a first gap width of a first resonant chamber and a second gap width of a second resonant chamber is described below.
Specifically, since the wave of different periods has obvious difference in water inflow under different widths of the resonant cavity, the wave absorbing performance of the resonant cavity is greatly affected, and the liquid frequency in the first resonant cavity can be calculated by the following formulaAnd the frequency of the liquid in the second resonant cavity:;;;;;;;
Explaining the above formula with reference to fig. 6, the upper horizontal black line in fig. 6 represents a horizontal plane, the lowest black line represents the sea floor, and the width of the water surface is in units of width;
And (I) region represents an incident wave region, (II) region represents a first floating body lower region, and the first floating body lower region represents a lower region of three floating body parts of a wing plate installed on a wave-receiving side of a floating breakwater, a wave-receiving side of the floating breakwater and a first resonance chamber, (III) region represents a liquid region inside the first resonance chamber, (IV) region represents a second floating body lower region, and the second floating body lower region represents a lower region of two floating body parts of a gas tight chamber and a second resonance chamber, (V) region represents a liquid region inside the second resonance chamber;
And Representing a first intermediate quantity; representing a second intermediate quantity; representing a third intermediate quantity; represents the area of the flow through of the region (I); Represents the area of the flow through of the region (II); represents the area of the flow through of region (III); A V represents the area of the (V);
And Representing the depth of the region (I), i.e. the length of the bilinear line in the region (I); representing the width of the region (II), i.e. the length of the double-headed line in the region (II); Representing the width of region (III), i.e. the length of the bilinear line in region (III); representing the width of the (IV) region, i.e. the length of the double-headed line in the (IV) region; The width of the (V) region, i.e., the length of the double-headed line in the (V) region, is represented.
Here, since the total width B of the first resonant chamber and the second resonant chamber is constant, the width of the first resonant chamber can be setSet to the unknown x, the width of the second resonant cavityCan be set as B-x, and can be represented by an unknown quantity x、AndIn turn, l 1 and l 2 can be represented by unknowns, and in turn, by an unknowns xAndAt the same time wave frequencyIf the first gap width of the first resonant cavity and the second gap width of the second resonant cavity are known, the unknown quantity x can be solved, and then the first gap width of the first resonant cavity and the second gap width of the second resonant cavity can be obtained.
In order to facilitate an understanding of embodiments of the present application, the following description is made by way of specific examples.
Specifically, the solution is calculated based on an experimental model, and the actual solution can be converted according to the Froude similarity criterion according to the scale with the model, for example, the scale of the actual solution and the model is 40:1, namely the actual solution is 40m, and the model is 1m long. And, the scale of time is proportional to the square root of the scale, specifically, if the scale of the actual to model is 40:1, then the scale of time is1, For example when model T Mould = 1.4s, the actual wave period T = 8.85s.
The model draft shown in fig. 7 is 0.15m, and the figure only indicates the amount required for calculation, and the model draft can be actually converted according to the scale of the actual model.
And, k is the wave number in the above formula,While the wavelength L can be determined according to the dispersion equationThe water depth H and the wave period T can be measured according to practical conditions, and the wave period T is calculated under the conditions that the water depth h=0.5m and the wave height H=0.05m as followsAndSee table 1 below for details.
TABLE 1 wave period T, width of (III) regionAnd (V) width of regionCorresponding relation table of (a)
It should be understood that the above-described wave-canceling method is only exemplary, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications, modifications or modifications according to the above-described method, and the contents thereof are also within the scope of the present application.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected via an intervening medium, or in communication between two elements or in an interaction relationship between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature is "on" or "under" a second feature, which may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or in indirect contact with the first and second features via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicate that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level lower than the second feature.
In the description of the present specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "particular examples," or "some examples," etc., refer to particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example as being included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that alterations, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made in the above embodiments by those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. An energy dissipation floating breakwater structure with a resonant cavity, moored by a series buoy, is characterized by comprising a buoy, a floating breakwater and a seabed anchor point, wherein the floating breakwater is connected with the buoy through a mooring rope, and the buoy is connected with the seabed anchor point through the mooring rope;
The floating breakwater comprises a floating breakwater body, wherein the floating breakwater body comprises a movable airtight chamber, a floating breakwater wave facing side and a floating breakwater backwave side, the airtight chamber is arranged between the floating breakwater wave facing side and the floating breakwater backwave side, a first resonance cavity is formed by an unsealed gap at the bottom between the airtight chamber and the floating breakwater facing side, and a second resonance cavity is formed by an unsealed gap at the bottom between the airtight chamber and the floating breakwater backwave side, wherein the airtight chamber is an airtight space formed by a top surface and a sliding block capable of sliding left and right on the top surface;
The air-tight chamber is internally provided with a movement control device, and the movement control device is used for controlling the movement of the air-tight chamber to the direction of the movement of the wave facing side of the floating breakwater or the wave facing side of the floating breakwater back of levee based on the detected wave period so as to adjust the widths of the first resonance chamber and the second resonance chamber;
An open pore cavity and a first buoyancy cavity are arranged in the floating breakwater on the wave-facing side and the floating breakwater backwave, and two rows of pressure relief holes communicated with the open pore cavity and open channels which are arranged above the two rows of pressure relief holes and communicated with the open pore cavity are arranged on the outer side of the floating breakwater on the wave-facing side and the outer side of the floating breakwater backwave;
the floating breakwater body comprises top surfaces of energy dissipation holes arranged above the airtight chamber, the wave facing side of the floating breakwater and the side of the floating breakwater backwave;
The floating breakwater body further comprises a gas collecting power generation device arranged on the top surface, the gas collecting power generation device is used for absorbing external wave energy in the process of resonance of waves and the structure when the natural frequency of the energy dissipating floating breakwater structure is equal to the detected wave frequency, the reciprocating motion of fluid in the cavity is increased, the volume of air in the cavity is reduced after the air in the fluid is compressed, the pressure is improved, the air in the cavity is extruded by the vibration of water in the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity, part of wave energy is converted into kinetic energy of the air, and a generator for wave power generation through the gas collecting power generation device is further arranged in the airtight chamber.
2. The energy dissipating floating breakwater structure of claim 1, wherein a perforated horizontal wing plate is disposed between the two rows of pressure relief holes.
3. The energy dissipating floating breakwater structure of claim 1, wherein a second buoyancy chamber is further provided inside both the breakwater facing side and the floating breakwater backwave side, and the second buoyancy chamber is provided on the side of the open cell chamber and the first buoyancy chamber adjacent to the airtight chamber.
4. The energy dissipating floating breakwater structure of claim 1, wherein the outer side of the wave facing side of the floating breakwater and the outer side of the floating breakwater backwave side each comprise a curved surface section connected with the top surface, an inclined surface section and a vertical surface section arranged between the curved surface section and the inclined surface section, the curved surface section is provided with the open channel, and the vertical surface section is provided with the two rows of pressure relief holes.
5. The energy dissipating floating breakwater structure of claim 1, wherein the gas collecting power plant comprises a gas collecting device and an air turbine.
6. A wave-absorbing method, characterized in that the wave-absorbing method is applied to a movement control device in a series buoy moored energy-absorbing floating breakwater structure with a resonant cavity according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the wave-absorbing method comprises:
Acquiring a wave period acquired by a buoy wave sensor;
Calculating the wave frequency according to the wave period;
And determining a first gap width of a first resonance chamber and a second gap width of a second resonance chamber based on the wave frequency, and controlling the airtight chamber to move towards the wave facing side of the floating breakwater or the wave side of the floating breakwater back of levee based on the first gap width and the second gap width so as to adjust the gap width of the first resonance chamber to the first gap width and adjust the gap width of the second resonance chamber to the second gap width, so that the natural frequency of the energy dissipation floating breakwater structure is the same as the wave frequency.
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| CN113882992B (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2024-04-12 | 江苏科技大学 | Floating wave-absorbing and power-generating integrated device based on internal cavity water wave resonance |
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