CN118517526A - Steering drive axle sealing structure under reciprocating and rotating compound motion and mounting method - Google Patents
Steering drive axle sealing structure under reciprocating and rotating compound motion and mounting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN118517526A CN118517526A CN202410989992.9A CN202410989992A CN118517526A CN 118517526 A CN118517526 A CN 118517526A CN 202410989992 A CN202410989992 A CN 202410989992A CN 118517526 A CN118517526 A CN 118517526A
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- bearing
- steering knuckle
- sealing
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
- B62D7/18—Steering knuckles; King pins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/02—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for connecting objects by press fit or for detaching same
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P21/00—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/72—Sealings
- F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
- F16C33/7803—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings
- F16C33/7806—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings for spherical roller bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/72—Sealings
- F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
- F16C33/7816—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material
- F16C33/782—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the sealing region
- F16C33/7823—Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material of the sealing region of sealing lips
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
- F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
- F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
- F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
- F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
- F16C35/07—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element
- F16C35/073—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element between shaft and inner race ring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
- F16J15/3204—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
- F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
- F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
- F16C2326/20—Land vehicles
- F16C2326/24—Steering systems, e.g. steering rods or columns
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)
Abstract
Steering drive axle seal structure under reciprocal and rotatory compound motion belongs to the agricultural machine field, includes: the steering knuckle, the compound motion sealing device, a hub, inner and outer hub bearings, a gear ring support, a planetary reduction mechanism, a transmission shaft part, a hub bolt, a steering tie rod part and a steering cylinder part; the composite motion sealing device is arranged in the steering knuckle shell; the outer rings of the inner and outer hub bearings are arranged in the hub; the inner ring of the inner hub bearing is matched with the outer diameter of the steering knuckle, and the inner ring of the outer hub bearing is matched with the outer diameter of the gear ring support; the gear ring support is connected with the knuckle and is centered by adopting an internal spline with a large diameter; the planetary reduction mechanism is positioned at the outermost side of the tail end transmission and connected with the hub; the short fork shaft of the transmission shaft part is arranged in the compound motion sealing structure and is in gear transmission with the planetary gear train of the planetary reduction mechanism. Effectively solves the sealing problem of the steering drive axle of the agricultural machinery in a reciprocating and rotating composite motion state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, relates to a sealing structure in a reciprocating and rotating composite motion state for the agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a sealing structure of a steering drive axle in the reciprocating and rotating composite motion state for the agricultural machinery and an installation method.
Background
In recent years, agricultural machinery has been rapidly developed in China. The requirements of vast users on the sealing performance of agricultural machine products such as cultivation, seeding, harvesting, transportation and the like are higher, the pursuit of the quality of the agricultural machine products is more and more urgent, the national environmental protection brings higher requirements on agricultural machine enterprises, and related standards are formulated and restrained by the industries and enterprises.
The sealing in the mechanical product is generally divided into dynamic sealing and static sealing, wherein the dynamic sealing mainly refers to the leak-proof sealing of the product in a rotating state or a reciprocating state. The seal of the rotary motion adopts a rotary oil seal, and the seal of the reciprocating motion adopts a movable oil seal; the static seal is a leak-proof seal of the product in a non-moving state.
In short, the rotary oil seal is mainly aimed at sealing a rotary shaft or a shaft sleeve, so that lubricating liquid is prevented from leaking out from between the rotary shaft and the shaft sleeve during working. The rotary oil seal has the main advantages that the spring, the rubber and the metal framework are integrated into a whole, so that the production, the use and the maintenance are convenient, and the leakage of lubricating liquid can be effectively prevented under the condition that the centering of the rotary shaft is reliable. But the sealing effect is poor in the reciprocating state of the shaft.
The movable oil seal mainly aims at sealing of reciprocating parts, the structure of the movable oil seal is different from that of the rotary oil seal, and the movable oil seal adopts a combined structure of one or more rubber sealing rings, guide rings and supporting rings with different sections.
The national intellectual property office bulletin number is: CN 213981934U; the utility model discloses a transaxle seal structure for automatic speed change electric drive axle, including differential mechanism casing, transmission shaft part and wheel mounting panel, differential mechanism casing's upper end intermediate position department rotates and is connected with the driving shaft, and differential mechanism casing's both ends all rotate and be connected with transmission shaft part about, the other end fixedly connected with wheel mounting panel of transmission shaft part, differential mechanism casing's upper end intermediate position department fixedly connected with rotates the seat, and rotates the inside lower sealing washer that is equipped with of upper end of seat, the upside of lower sealing washer rotates and is connected with the sealing washer, and rotates the upper end fixedly connected with upper cover plate of seat, the both ends all screwed connection has the second fastening bolt about the upper cover plate. Through the upper sealing ring and the lower sealing ring, the driving shaft and the differential mechanism shell are convenient to seal. The main function of the patent is to prevent oil leakage phenomenon between the driving shaft and the differential mechanism shell in the working process of the driving axle, and solve the sealing problem under the rotating state of the shaft.
The national intellectual property office bulletin number is: CN 210106593U; the high-pressure reciprocating sealing structure comprises a sealing ring, an X-shaped sealing ring and an O-shaped sealing ring; the sealing ring is of a bilateral symmetry structure, one side of the sealing ring, which is contacted with the matching surface of the oil cylinder, is provided with a middle groove, the other side of the sealing ring is provided with a sealing bottom, and the left side and the right side of the sealing bottom are provided with sealing grooves; the X-shaped sealing ring is arranged in the middle groove, and the O-shaped sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove; the sealing rings are positioned on two sides of the middle groove and are provided with sealing lips which are contacted with the matching surface of the oil cylinder in a platform structure to form a multi-labyrinth sealing structure; as the piston moves to the left or right, the sealing lips on the respective sides play a primary sealing role, thereby achieving a bi-directional seal. According to the utility model, the sealing problem of the moving part in a reciprocating state is effectively solved by virtue of the reciprocating motion of the piston between the oil cylinders and the sealing ring with the sealing lip.
However, in actual operation of agricultural machinery, some parts need to be sealed in a state of combined reciprocating and rotating motion. Such as a sealing structure for the end transmission of a steering drive axle of an agricultural machine, not only has rotary motion, but also has reciprocating linear motion when the vehicle turns. At present, the rotary sealing structure adopted in the prior art has an unsatisfactory sealing effect. Because the steering drive axle is required to realize the transmission functions of steering, high speed ratio speed reduction and torque increase, the rotary sealing structure in the prior art is arranged in the steering drive axle knuckle shell, and an oil film is formed on the transmission shaft part through the oil seal lip to realize sealing. The transmission shaft part adopts a sliding bearing sleeve for positioning due to the limitation of the tail end transmission space. The structure has some problems that if the fit clearance is small, the structure is easy to wear and generate heat during movement, so that the eccentric wear life is low, and the structure cannot be used for supporting a high-speed rotating shaft; on the contrary, the fit clearance is large, the centering precision is low, and oil leakage can occur due to inaccurate radial positioning during movement. In summary, the seal can be disabled due to the swing caused by axial movement or unstable centering, and oil leakage can also directly lead to lubrication-free end transmission and gear damage of the planetary gear train, thereby leading to rejection of the steering drive axle. Until now, the end drive oil leakage failure has been at the head of the failure of the steering drive axle.
In the new technology application of modern agriculture, the large-angle tractor with a speed doubling mechanism, the high-speed tractor and the agricultural machinery working under extreme working conditions such as sand grains, slurry and the like are poor in actual working conditions, high in transmission torque, high in rotation speed, and meanwhile, under the conditions of axial movement, too many frequency and the like, experiments show that even if single rotary seal is changed into a plurality of combined rotary seals, the effect is poor, and the requirements of users cannot be met.
Based on the above situation, in order to solve the problems, it is determined to provide a sealing technology for an agricultural machine steering drive axle in a reciprocating and rotating composite motion state, which is applied to the end transmission of the agricultural machine steering drive axle, and a good sealing effect is obtained through multiple tests and verification.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the sealing problem in the reciprocating and rotating composite motion state of the steering drive axle in the prior art of agricultural machinery, and provides a sealing structure and an installation method for the reciprocating and rotating composite motion state of the steering drive axle of the agricultural machinery, which have the advantages of good sealing performance, long service life, high reliability, compact structure and convenience in assembly and maintenance.
The test proves that the invention can be applied to sealing of the steering drive axle of the agricultural machinery. The reliability of the transmission seal at the tail end of the steering drive axle is improved, the oil leakage fault is reduced, and the problem of the sealing of the transmission at the tail end of the steering drive axle under the extreme working conditions of large steering angle, heavy load, high speed, sand grains, slurry and the like of the agricultural machinery is solved.
The invention can achieve the above purpose through the following technical scheme: steering drive axle seal structure under reciprocal and rotatory compound motion includes: the steering knuckle, the compound motion sealing device, the hub, the inner hub bearing, the outer hub bearing, the gear ring support lock nut, the planetary reduction mechanism, the transmission shaft component, the hub bolt, the steering tie rod component, the steering cylinder component and the steering main pin; the composite motion sealing device is arranged in the steering knuckle shell; the bearing outer ring of the inner side hub bearing and the bearing outer ring of the outer side hub bearing are arranged in the hub; the inner ring of the inner hub bearing is matched with the outer diameter of the steering knuckle, and the inner ring of the outer hub bearing is matched with the outer diameter of the gear ring support; the gear ring support is connected with the knuckle through an internal spline, large-diameter centering of the internal spline is adopted, the inner end face of the inner side of the gear ring support is tightly attached to the inner ring of the outer side hub bearing, the outer end of the gear ring support is in threaded connection with a locking nut of the gear ring support, and the locking is realized through two small bolts; the planetary reduction mechanism is positioned at the outermost side of the tail end transmission and is connected with the hub through a hub bolt; one end of the transmission shaft part is a short fork shaft, is arranged in the compound motion sealing device and is in gear transmission with a planetary gear train of the planetary reduction mechanism.
The inner conical hole of the steering knuckle and one end of the tie rod component are provided with 1: the outer conical surface of the spherical hinge joint with the taper of 10 is matched and locked by a nut; the spherical hinge joint at the other end of the steering transverse pull rod part is in threaded connection with the steering cylinder and is locked by a nut; the steering main pin is respectively arranged in the upper hole and the lower hole of the steering knuckle and is fixedly connected with the steering knuckle through bolts.
The compound motion sealing device comprises: the clamping spring for the shaft, the fixed sleeve, the bearing spacer bush, the deep groove ball bearing, the clamping spring for the hole, the lip-shaped rubber sealing ring and the rectangular sealing ring; two deep groove ball bearings are arranged between the fixed sleeve and the steering knuckle and are clamped by a clamping spring for a shaft and a clamping spring for a hole; the two deep groove ball bearings are separated by a bearing spacer, and the transmission shaft part is sleeved in the fixed sleeve; the bearing spacer bush is clamped on the steering knuckle, the fixed bush is arranged on a short fork shaft of the transmission shaft part and is sealed through the rectangular sealing ring, and the lip-shaped rubber sealing ring is arranged between the steering knuckle and the fixed bush.
The inner side hub bearing and the outer side hub bearing are tapered roller bearings.
The steering knuckle is characterized in that a stepped counter bore is formed in the middle of the steering knuckle, two deep groove ball bearings which are separated by a bearing spacer are arranged in the stepped counter bore of the steering knuckle, the outer side of one deep groove ball bearing is clamped by a snap spring through a shaft embedded in a fixed sleeve, and the outer side of the other deep groove ball bearing is clamped by a snap spring through a hole embedded in the steering knuckle.
And a pure rotary seal is realized between the knuckle and the end part of the fixed sleeve through a lip-shaped rubber sealing ring.
One end of a short fork shaft of the transmission shaft component is provided with a gear which is in gear transmission with a planetary gear train of a planetary reduction mechanism, is also matched with the inner gear of the fixed sleeve to synchronously rotate, the other end of the transmission shaft part is provided with the inner holes of the fixing sleeves are matched.
One end of the fixed sleeve is of an internal gear structure, and two rectangular sealing rings are arranged in parallel in the other end of the fixed sleeve.
The bearing spacer is of an annular structure and sleeved on the fixing sleeve, and the two deep groove ball bearings are separated and positioned at two fixed positions.
The sealing structure for the reciprocating and rotating composite motion of the agricultural machinery is also required to be installed according to the following method:
Firstly, assembling a basic component of a composite motion sealing structure, namely pressing one deep groove ball bearing into the upper end surface of a fixed sleeve and tightly attaching the deep groove ball bearing, loading a bearing spacer, pressing the other deep groove ball bearing into the bearing spacer, and loading a shaft and clamping the shaft by using a clamp spring;
Secondly, the assembly is used as a whole to be pressed into a counter bore of a steering knuckle, a tool is used for applying pressure to the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing during press fitting, and the hole is clamped by a clamp spring;
Thirdly, installing the lip-shaped rubber sealing ring on a special tool, wherein the special tool is designed to be a structure which adopts a fixed sleeve hole for guiding and then adopts a steering knuckle to install the outer end face of the rotary oil sealing hole for axial positioning in order to ensure reliable installation of the sealing;
Fourthly, loading the special tool and the lip-shaped rubber sealing ring into the fixed sleeve, applying force on the end face of the special tool, pressing the special tool into the steering knuckle until the end face of the special tool is tightly attached to the end face of the steering knuckle, and taking out the special tool;
And fifthly, respectively installing rectangular sealing rings in the fixed sleeves, installing transmission shaft components in the fixed sleeves, rotating the short fork shafts to enable gears of the short fork shafts to pass through the inner gears of the fixed sleeves, and ensuring the gears to be meshed with planetary gears of the planetary reduction mechanism, so that the installation is completed.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention can achieve the following positive effects: compared with the common sliding sealing structure in the prior art, the sliding sealing structure is compact in structure and convenient to use. The sealing effect is good in the low-speed rotation and reciprocating movement states of the shafts, and the sealing effect is still good in the high-speed rotation and reciprocating movement states of the shafts, so that the sealing problem of the steering drive axle of the agricultural machinery in the reciprocating and rotating composite state is effectively solved. Meanwhile, the sealing structure can be popularized and applied to other similar sealing structures in a reciprocating and rotating composite state by using shafts.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a seal structure of the present invention in a combined reciprocating and rotating motion;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a seal structure of a steering drive axle in straight line running (rotational movement) under a combined reciprocating and rotational movement of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of FIG. 2
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a sealing structure of steering drive axle steering travel (combined reciprocating and rotating motion) under combined reciprocating and rotating motion of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the short fork shaft configuration of the drive shaft assembly of the steer drive under a combined reciprocating and rotary motion of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a left side schematic view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure A-A of FIG. 9;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a steering drive axle fixing sleeve under the combined reciprocating and rotating motion of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-steering knuckle, 2-compound motion sealing device, 3-wheel hub, 4-inboard wheel hub bearing, 5-outside wheel hub bearing, 6-ring gear support, 7-ring gear support lock nut, 8-planetary reduction gear, 9-transmission shaft part, 10-wheel hub bolt, 11-tie rod part, 12-steering cylinder part, 13-steering main pin.
The clamping spring for the 2.1-shaft, the 2.2-fixing sleeve, the 2.3-bearing spacer, the 2.4-deep groove ball bearing, the clamping spring for the 2.5-hole, the 2.6-lip-shaped rubber sealing ring and the 2.7-rectangular sealing ring.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples: as shown in fig. 1-9, this embodiment takes an example of a steering drive axle sealing structure used in an end transmission mechanism of a steering drive axle of an agricultural machine and under a combined reciprocating and rotating motion, and mainly comprises: knuckle 1, compound motion sealing device 2, wheel hub 3, inboard wheel hub bearing 4, outside wheel hub bearing 5, ring gear support 6, ring gear support lock nut 7, planetary reduction mechanism 8, transmission shaft part 9, hub bolt 10, tie rod part 11, steering cylinder part 12, steering king pin 13.
Wherein the compound motion sealing device 2 comprises: the shaft clamping spring 2.1, the fixed sleeve 2.2, the bearing spacer bush 2.3, the deep groove ball bearing 2.4, the hole clamping spring 2.5, the lip-shaped rubber sealing ring 2.6 and the rectangular sealing ring 2.7.
The compound motion sealing device 2 is positioned in the shell of the steering knuckle 1; the inner side hub bearing 4 and the outer side hub bearing 5 are tapered roller bearings, and the outer rings of the bearings are arranged in the hub 3; the inner ring of the inner hub bearing 4 is matched with the outer diameter of the steering knuckle 1, and the inner ring of the outer hub bearing 5 is matched with the outer diameter of the gear ring support 6; the gear ring support 6 is connected with the knuckle 1 through an internal spline thereof, large-diameter centering of the internal spline is adopted, the inner side end surface of the gear ring support 6 is tightly attached to the inner ring of the outer side hub bearing 5, the outer end of the gear ring support 6 is in threaded connection with the gear ring support locking nut 7, and two small bolts are used for locking to prevent loosening; the planetary reduction mechanism 8 is positioned at the outermost side and is connected with the hub 3 through a hub bolt 10; one end of the transmission shaft part 9 is a short fork shaft, is positioned in the compound motion sealing device 2 and is in gear transmission with a planetary gear train of the planetary reduction mechanism 8.
The inner gear ring support 6 is connected with the knuckle 1 through an internal spline, spline matching adopts large-diameter centering, and compared with spline tooth-shaped centering accuracy, positioning reliability of the knuckle 1 is ensured, and accuracy and reliability of centering of a sealing structure are further ensured.
During steering, the steering tie rod component 11 drives the steering knuckle 1 to rotate by taking the steering main pin 13 as a center under the pushing of the steering oil cylinder component 12, so that the tail end transmission mechanisms such as the hub 3, the planetary reduction mechanism 8 and the like rotate, meanwhile, the short fork shafts in the transmission shaft component 9 rotate by the same angles respectively at the centers of two cross axes, and the short fork shafts axially move while rotating until the steering is finished due to the difference of the two rotation centers.
The compound motion sealing device 2 includes: the clamping spring for the shaft is 2.1, the lip-shaped rubber sealing ring is 2.6, the fixed sleeve is 2.2, the bearing spacer is 2.3, the deep groove ball bearing is 2.4, the clamping spring for the hole is 2.5, the lip-shaped rubber sealing ring is 2.6, and the rectangular sealing ring is 2.7; two deep groove ball bearings 2.4 are arranged between the fixed sleeve 2.2 and the knuckle 1 and are clamped by a clamping spring 21 for a shaft and a clamping spring 2.5 for a hole; the two deep groove ball bearings 2.4 are separated by a bearing spacer 2.3, and a transmission shaft part 9 is sleeved in the fixed sleeve 2.2; the bearing spacer bush 2.3 is clamped on the steering knuckle 1, the fixed bush 2.2 is arranged on a short fork shaft of the transmission shaft part 9 and is sealed through the rectangular sealing ring 2.7, and the lip-shaped rubber sealing ring 2.6 is arranged between the steering knuckle 1 and the fixed bush 2.2.
The middle of the steering knuckle 1 is provided with a stepped counter bore, two deep groove ball bearings 2.4 separated by a bearing spacer 2.3 are arranged in the stepped counter bore of the steering knuckle 1, the outer side of one deep groove ball bearing 2.4 is clamped by a clamping spring 2.1 through a shaft embedded in a fixed sleeve 2.2, and the outer side of the other deep groove ball bearing 2.4 is clamped by a clamping spring 2.5 through a hole embedded in the steering knuckle 1.
The steering knuckle 1 and the end part of the fixed sleeve 2.2 are sealed by a lip-shaped rubber sealing ring 2.6.
One end of a short fork shaft of the transmission shaft part 9 is a gear, and is in gear transmission with a planetary gear train of the planetary reduction mechanism 8, and also synchronously rotates in cooperation with an internal gear of the fixed sleeve 2.2, and the other end of the transmission shaft part is installed in an inner hole of the fixed sleeve 2.2 to be matched.
One end of the fixed sleeve 2.2 is of an internal gear structure, and two rectangular sealing rings 2.7 are arranged in parallel in the other end of the fixed sleeve 2.2.
The short fork shaft of the transmission shaft part 9 and the fixed sleeve 2.2 only move axially mutually, large torque is transmitted by means of the gear pair matching structure, and the inner holes are matched to form a reliable centering structure, so that the double rectangular sealing structure completely realizes pure movement sealing.
The bearing spacer bush 2.3 is of an annular structure and is sleeved on the fixed bush 2.2, and the two deep groove ball bearings 2.4 are separated and positioned at two fixed positions.
The fixed sleeve 2.2 synchronously rotates with the short fork shaft of the transmission shaft part 9 under the support of the two deep groove ball bearings 2.4, and the outer circle of the fixed sleeve 2.2 is contacted with the lip of the lip-shaped rubber sealing ring 2.6, so that pure rotary sealing is completely realized.
In order to realize the smooth implementation of the sealing technology under the state of the reciprocating and rotating compound motion of the agricultural machinery, the assembly is also required to be carried out according to the following method.
Firstly, assembling basic components of the composite motion sealing device, firstly pressing one deep groove ball bearing 2.4 into the inner end surface of a fixed sleeve 2.2 and tightly attaching the deep groove ball bearing, after loading a bearing spacer 2.3, pressing the other deep groove ball bearing 2.4 into the fixed sleeve, and then loading a clamp spring 2.1 for a shaft.
Secondly, the assembly is pressed into a counter bore of the steering knuckle 1 as a whole, the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 2.4 is forced by a special tool during press fitting, and the hole is clamped by a clamp spring 2.5.
And thirdly, installing the lip-shaped rubber sealing ring 2.6 on a special tool. Under the general condition, the rotary oil seal is pressed into the outer shell, and then the shaft is installed into the oil seal hole, and the composite motion sealing structure is characterized in that the outer shell and the shaft are assembled, and only the rotary oil seal is left to be not assembled, and a special tool is needed to complete the assembly of the lip-shaped rubber sealing ring 2.6. In order to ensure reliable installation of the seal, the special tool design adopts a structure that a fixed sleeve 2.2 hole is adopted for guiding, and then the outer end face of the steering knuckle 1 for installing the rotary oil hole is used for axial positioning.
Fourthly, loading the special tool and the lip-shaped rubber sealing ring 2.6 into the fixed sleeve 2.2, applying force on the end face of the special tool, pressing the special tool into the knuckle 1 until the end face of the special tool is tightly attached to the end face of the knuckle 1, and taking out the special tool;
And fifthly, respectively installing rectangular sealing rings 2.7 in the fixed sleeve 2.2, installing a transmission shaft part 9 in the fixed sleeve 2.2, rotating the short fork shaft to enable a gear to pass through an internal gear of the fixed sleeve 2.2, and ensuring meshing with a planetary gear of the planetary reduction mechanism 8 to finish installation.
Compared with the common sliding sealing structure in the prior art, the sealing structure has good sealing effect in the low-speed rotation and reciprocating movement states of the shafts and good sealing effect in the high-speed rotation and reciprocating movement states of the shafts, so that the sealing problem of the steering drive axle of the agricultural machinery in the reciprocating and rotating composite state is effectively solved. Meanwhile, the sealing structure can be popularized and applied to other similar sealing structures in a reciprocating and rotating composite state by using shafts.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the whole of the present invention, but it is to be understood that the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiment, and that modifications in form or equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiment may be made by those skilled in the art. Modifications, equivalents, and the like, which are all intended to be included within the spirit and scope of the present invention, are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Steering drive axle seal structure under reciprocal and rotatory compound motion includes: the steering knuckle comprises a steering knuckle (1), a compound motion sealing device (2), a hub (3), an inner hub bearing (4), an outer hub bearing (5), a gear ring support (6), a gear ring support lock nut (7), a planetary reduction mechanism (8), a transmission shaft part (9), a hub bolt (10), a steering tie rod part (11), a steering cylinder part (12) and a steering main pin (13); the method is characterized in that: the composite motion sealing device (2) is arranged in the shell of the steering knuckle (1); the bearing outer rings of the inner hub bearing (4) and the outer hub bearing (5) are arranged in the hub (3); the inner ring of the inner hub bearing (4) is matched with the outer diameter of the steering knuckle (1), and the inner ring of the outer hub bearing (5) is matched with the outer diameter of the gear ring support (6); the gear ring support (6) is connected with the knuckle (1) through an internal spline, large-diameter centering of the internal spline is adopted, the inner end face of the inner side of the gear ring support (6) is tightly attached to the inner ring of the outer side hub bearing (5), the outer end of the gear ring support (6) is in threaded connection with the gear ring support locking nut (7), and the gear ring support is locked and loose-proof through two small bolts; the planetary reduction mechanism (8) is positioned at the outermost side of the tail end transmission and is connected with the hub (3) through a hub bolt (10); one end of the transmission shaft part (9) is a short fork shaft, is arranged in the compound motion sealing device (2) and is in gear transmission with a planetary gear train of the planetary reduction mechanism (8).
2. The steering drive axle seal arrangement in a combined reciprocating and rotary motion of claim 1, wherein: an inner conical hole of the steering knuckle (1) and one end of a tie rod component (11) are provided with a steering knuckle (1): the outer conical surface of the spherical hinge joint with the taper of 10 is matched and locked by a nut; the spherical hinge joint at the other end of the steering transverse pull rod part (11) is in threaded connection with the steering cylinder part (12) and is locked by a nut; the steering main pin (13) is respectively arranged in the upper hole and the lower hole of the steering knuckle (1) and is fixedly connected with the steering knuckle (1) through bolts.
3. The steering drive axle seal arrangement in a combined reciprocating and rotary motion of claim 1, wherein: the compound motion sealing device (2) comprises: the clamping spring for the shaft (2.1), the fixed sleeve (2.2), the bearing spacer bush (2.3), the deep groove ball bearing (2.4), the clamping spring for the hole (2.5), the lip-shaped rubber sealing ring (2.6) and the rectangular sealing ring (2.7); two deep groove ball bearings (2.4) are arranged between the fixed sleeve (2.2) and the steering knuckle (1) and are clamped by a clamping spring (2.1) for a shaft and a clamping spring (2.5) for a hole; the two deep groove ball bearings (2.4) are separated by a bearing spacer (2.3), and a transmission shaft component (9) is sleeved in the fixed sleeve (2.2); the bearing spacer bush (2.3) is clamped on the steering knuckle (1), the fixed bush (2.2) is arranged on a short fork shaft of the transmission shaft part (9) and is sealed through the rectangular sealing ring (2.7), and the lip-shaped rubber sealing ring (2.6) is arranged between the steering knuckle (1) and the fixed bush (2.2).
4. The steering drive axle seal arrangement in a combined reciprocating and rotary motion of claim 1, wherein: the inner hub bearing (4) and the outer hub bearing (5) are tapered roller bearings.
5. The steering drive axle seal arrangement in a combined reciprocating and rotary motion of claim 1, wherein: the steering knuckle (1) is provided with a stepped counter bore in the middle, two deep groove ball bearings (2.4) separated by a bearing spacer (2.3) are arranged in the stepped counter bore of the steering knuckle (1), the outer side of one deep groove ball bearing (2.4) is clamped by a clamping spring (2.1) through a shaft embedded in a fixed sleeve (2.2), and the outer side of the other deep groove ball bearing (2.4) is clamped by a clamping spring (2.5) through a hole embedded in the steering knuckle (1).
6. The steering drive axle seal arrangement in a combined reciprocating and rotary motion of claim 1, wherein: the pure rotary seal is realized between the steering knuckle (1) and the end part of the fixed sleeve (2.2) through the lip-shaped rubber sealing ring (2.6).
7. The steering drive axle seal arrangement in a combined reciprocating and rotary motion of claim 1, wherein: one end of a short fork shaft of the transmission shaft part (9) is a gear, and is in gear transmission with a planetary gear train of the planetary reduction mechanism (8), and also synchronously rotates in cooperation with an internal gear of the fixed sleeve (2.2), and the other end of the transmission shaft part (9) is installed into an inner hole of the fixed sleeve (2.2) to be matched.
8. The steering drive axle seal arrangement in a combined reciprocating and rotary motion of claim 6, wherein: one end of the fixed sleeve (2.2) is of an internal gear structure, and two rectangular sealing rings (2.7) are arranged in parallel in the other end of the fixed sleeve (2.2).
9. The steering drive axle seal arrangement in a combined reciprocating and rotary motion of claim 5, wherein: the bearing spacer bush (2.3) is of an annular structure and sleeved on the fixed bush (2.2), and the two deep groove ball bearings (2.4) are separated and positioned at two fixed positions.
10. The steering drive axle sealing structure and the installation method under the combined reciprocating and rotating motion adopt the sealing structure as defined in claim 1, and is characterized in that: the mounting method comprises the following steps: firstly, assembling a basic component of a composite motion sealing structure, namely pressing one deep groove ball bearing (2.4) into the upper end surface of a fixed sleeve (2.2) and tightly attaching the upper end surface, after loading a bearing spacer (2.3), pressing the other deep groove ball bearing (2.4) into the fixed sleeve, and loading a shaft and clamping by using a clamp spring (2.1);
Secondly, the assembly is used as a whole to be pressed into a counter bore of the steering knuckle (1), a tool is used for applying pressure to an outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing (2.4) during press fitting, and a hole is used for clamping by a clamp spring (2.5);
Thirdly, installing the lip-shaped rubber sealing ring (2.6) on a special tool; in order to ensure reliable installation of the seal, the special tool design adopts a structure that a fixed sleeve (2.2) is adopted for hole guiding and a knuckle (1) is used for installing the outer end face of a rotary oil hole sealing for axial positioning;
Fourthly, loading the special tool and the lip-shaped rubber sealing ring (2.6) into the fixed sleeve (2.2), applying force on the end face of the special tool, pressing the special tool into the steering knuckle (1) until the end face of the special tool is tightly attached to the end face of the steering knuckle (1), and taking out the special tool;
And fifthly, respectively installing rectangular sealing rings (2.7) in the fixed sleeves (2.2), installing transmission shaft components (9) in the fixed sleeves (2.2), rotating the short fork shafts to enable gears of the short fork shafts to pass through the inner gears of the fixed sleeves (2.2), and ensuring the gears to be meshed with planetary gears of the planetary reduction mechanism (8), so that installation is completed.
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| CN119927604A (en) * | 2025-04-09 | 2025-05-06 | 洛阳开创车桥有限公司 | Axle hub assembly device and method |
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|---|---|
| CN118517526B (en) | 2024-10-08 |
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