CN118516777A - High elastic tensile-resistant fabric and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of textile fabrics, and in particular to a high-elastic tensile-resistant fabric and a preparation method thereof, which are used to solve the problem of poor tensile resistance and elasticity of existing elastic fabrics; the preparation method uses a high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber spinning solution to prepare a high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber, the molecular structure of the high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber contains a large number of ring structures, which give the high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber good mechanical properties, so that it can be subjected to force without being easily damaged, and the molecular structure of the high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber also contains a large number of long carbon chains, thereby giving it good softness and greatly improving its elasticity, so that the high-elastic tensile-resistant fabric prepared from the high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber has excellent tensile resistance and high elasticity, so that it can not be easily damaged after being stretched, and can rebound quickly without deformation, thereby greatly improving the application range of the high-elastic tensile-resistant fabric.

Description

High elastic tensile fabric and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of textile fabrics, and in particular to a high-elastic tensile-resistant fabric and a preparation method thereof.

Background Art

With the development of society and economy, and the improvement of people's living standards, textiles with single functions can no longer meet people's needs. Textiles with multifunctional finishing are increasingly recognized and used by people due to their excellent performance. Most of the existing elastic fabrics are composite fabrics with film on one side and fabric on the other side. The composite fabric is made by bonding the film and fabric with adhesive. Since the adhesive is water-soluble, the adhesive and the fabric are easily separated. Especially after washing, the fabric and the film are basically separated and cannot play a role in rebounding and shaping, which affects the shaping effect. Although the existing elastic fabrics have certain tensile and wrinkle resistance, they are very easy to deform when subjected to large stretching and pulling. At the same time, the elasticity is poor, and it may even cause great damage to the fabric. Partial tearing will cause damage and holes in the fabric layer. The fabric has limited tensile resistance, which makes the fabric unable to withstand strong pulling force, reducing the scope of application of the fabric.

How to improve the poor tensile strength and elasticity of existing elastic fabrics is the key to the present invention. Therefore, a high-elastic tensile-resistant fabric and a preparation method thereof are urgently needed to solve the above problems.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-elastic tensile-resistant fabric and a preparation method thereof: by spraying a high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber spinning solution into an ethanol solution from a spinneret to obtain a preformed fiber, washing the preformed fiber with distilled water, and then placing it in a vacuum drying oven for drying, and then placing it in a tubular furnace for drying to obtain a high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber, and the high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber is knitted and formed to obtain the high-elastic tensile-resistant fabric, thereby solving the problem of poor tensile resistance and elasticity of existing elastic fabrics.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A method for preparing a high-elastic tensile-resistant fabric comprises the following steps:

Step 1: Spraying the high-elastic tensile fiber spinning solution into an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 40-50% from a spinneret under a pressure of 0.3-0.4 MPa to obtain a preformed fiber;

Step 2: Wash the preformed fiber with distilled water for 3-5 times, then place it in a vacuum drying oven, dry it at a temperature of 60-70°C for 3-5h, then place it in a tube furnace, then dry it at a temperature of 200°C for 2-2.5h, then heat it to 280°C for 1.5-2h, then heat it to 310°C for 1-1.5h, to obtain a high elastic tensile fiber;

Step 3: Weaving the high-elastic tensile-resistant fibers into a shape to obtain the high-elastic tensile-resistant fabric.

The reaction principle is as follows:

As a further solution of the present invention: the high elastic tensile fiber spinning solution is prepared by the following steps:

Step A1: 4-n-butylchlorobenzene is added to a four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a constant pressure dropping funnel and a reflux condenser, and a mixed acid is added dropwise while stirring at a temperature of -5-0°C and a stirring rate of 400-500r/min, and the dropping rate is controlled to be 1-2 drops/s. After the dropwise addition is completed, the temperature is raised to 70-75°C and the stirring reaction is continued for 5-6h. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is added to ice water, and then extracted with anhydrous ether for 2-3 times. The organic phase is washed with a saturated sodium carbonate solution for 2-3 times, and then dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then vacuum filtered, and the filtrate is rotary evaporated to remove the solvent to obtain intermediate 1;

The reaction principle is as follows:

Step A2: Add intermediate 1, hydroquinone, potassium carbonate and N,N-dimethylformamide to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a gas guide tube, introduce nitrogen protection, stir and react for 6-8 hours at a temperature of 150-155° C. and a stirring rate of 400-500 r/min. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is cooled to room temperature, then added to ice water to precipitate, and then vacuum filtered. The filter cake is placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at a temperature of 60-70° C. for 3-5 hours to obtain intermediate 2;

The reaction principle is as follows:

Step A3: Add intermediate 2, 5% palladium carbon and anhydrous ethanol to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a constant pressure dropping funnel, add hydrazine hydrate solution dropwise while stirring at a temperature of 25-30°C and a stirring rate of 400-500r/min, and control the dropping rate to 1-2 drops/s. After the dropwise addition is completed, the temperature is raised to 70-75°C and the stirring reaction is continued for 5-6h. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is added to distilled water to precipitate, and then vacuum filtered. The filter cake is placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at a temperature of 60-70°C for 3-5h to obtain intermediate 3;

The reaction principle is as follows:

Step A4: o-xylene, iodine and iron powder are added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a constant pressure dropping funnel, and liquid bromine is added dropwise while stirring at a temperature of 0-5°C and a stirring rate of 400-500r/min, and the dropping rate is controlled to be 1-2 drops/s. After the addition is completed, the temperature is raised to 25-30°C and the stirring reaction is continued for 8-10 hours. After the reaction is completed, sodium hydroxide solution is added dropwise to the reaction product until the red color fades, and then vacuum filtration is performed, and the filtrate is distilled at atmospheric pressure, and the fraction with a temperature of 214-215°C is collected to obtain intermediate 4;

The reaction principle is as follows:

Step A5: Add intermediate 4, dichlorodimethylsilane, sodium and toluene into a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, stir and react for 20-25 minutes at a temperature of 25-30° C. and a stirring rate of 400-500 r/min, then heat to reflux and continue stirring and reacting for 1-2 hours. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is rotary evaporated to remove toluene, and then distilled under reduced pressure to collect a fraction with a pressure of 0.002 MPa and a temperature of 226-229° C. to obtain intermediate 5;

The reaction principle is as follows:

Step A6: Add intermediate 5, pyridine, potassium permanganate and deionized water to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, stir and react for 20-25 minutes at a temperature of 25-30°C and a stirring rate of 400-500r/min, then heat to reflux and continue stirring and reacting for 1-2 hours, then add anhydrous methanol and continue stirring and reacting for 1-2 hours, after the reaction is completed, cool the reaction product to room temperature, then vacuum filter, adjust the pH of the filtrate to 1-2 with hydrochloric acid solution, precipitate, then vacuum filter, add the filter cake to acetic anhydride, then stir and react for 2-3 hours at a temperature of 70-80°C and a stirring rate of 400-500r/min, then rotary evaporate to remove the solvent, and then recrystallize with n-hexane to obtain intermediate 6;

The reaction principle is as follows:

Step A7: Add intermediate 3, intermediate 6 and N,N-dimethylacetamide to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and stir the reaction for 10-15 hours at a temperature of 35-40°C and a stirring rate of 400-500 r/min to obtain a high-elastic tensile fiber spinning solution.

The reaction principle is as follows:

As a further scheme of the present invention: the dosage ratio of the 4-n-butylchlorobenzene and the mixed acid in step A1 is 1g:5-10mL, the mixed acid is a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated nitric acid and deionized water according to 25-30g:65-70g:3-6g, the mass fraction of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 95-98%, and the mass fraction of the concentrated nitric acid is 66-67%.

As a further scheme of the present invention: the usage ratio of the intermediate 1, hydroquinone, potassium carbonate and N,N-dimethylformamide in step A2 is 0.2-0.22 mol: 0.1 mol: 0.2-0.22 mol: 100-120 mL.

As a further scheme of the present invention: the usage ratio of the intermediate 2, 5% palladium carbon, anhydrous ethanol and hydrazine hydrate solution in step A3 is 10 mmol: 0.25-0.35 g: 80-100 mL: 12-15 mL, and the mass fraction of the hydrazine hydrate solution is 64-65%.

As a further solution of the present invention: the dosage ratio of the o-xylene, iodine, iron powder and liquid bromine in step A4 is 0.1 mol: 0.1-0.15 g: 0.2-0.25 g: 0.11-0.13 mol, and the mass fraction of the sodium hydroxide solution is 5-10%.

As a further solution of the present invention: the usage ratio of the intermediate 4, dichlorodimethylsilane, sodium and toluene in step A5 is 0.2 mol: 0.1 mol: 0.1 mol: 120-150 mL.

As a further scheme of the present invention: the usage ratio of the intermediate 5, pyridine, potassium permanganate, deionized water, anhydrous methanol and acetic anhydride in step A6 is 10 mmol: 70-80 mL: 25-30 g: 20-30 mL: 3-5 mL: 25-30 mL, and the mass fraction of the hydrochloric acid solution is 20-25%.

As a further solution of the present invention: the usage ratio of the intermediate 3, intermediate 6 and N,N-dimethylacetamide in step A7 is 5 mmol:5 mmol:300-350 g.

As a further solution of the present invention: a high-elastic tensile-resistant fabric, the high-elastic tensile-resistant fabric is prepared according to the preparation method of the high-elastic tensile-resistant fabric.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The invention discloses a high-elastic tensile-resistant fabric and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: spraying a high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber spinning solution into an ethanol solution from a spinneret to obtain a preformed fiber, washing the preformed fiber with distilled water, and then placing the preformed fiber in a vacuum drying oven for drying, and then placing the preformed fiber in a tubular furnace for drying to obtain a high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber, and knitting the high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber to obtain the high-elastic tensile-resistant fabric. The preparation method uses the high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber spinning solution to prepare the high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber. The high-elastic tensile-resistant fabric prepared from the high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber has excellent tensile resistance and high elasticity, so that the fiber will not be easily damaged after being stretched, and can rebound quickly without deformation, thereby greatly improving the application range of the high-elastic tensile-resistant fabric.

In the process of preparing high-elastic tensile-resistant fabrics, a high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber spinning solution is first prepared. First, 4-n-butylchlorobenzene is nitrated by a mixed acid to introduce a nitro group to obtain an intermediate 1. Then, the intermediate 1 reacts with hydroquinone to obtain an intermediate 2. Then, the nitro group on the intermediate 2 is reduced to an amino group by hydrazine hydrate to obtain an intermediate 3. Then, o-xylene is brominated by liquid bromine to introduce a bromine atom to obtain an intermediate 4. Then, the intermediate 4 reacts with dichlorodimethylsilane to generate an intermediate 5. Then, the methyl group on the intermediate 5 is oxidized by potassium permanganate to form a carboxyl group, and then an acid is formed in acetic anhydride. anhydride to obtain intermediate 6, then intermediate 3 and intermediate 6 are polymerized to form polyamic acid to obtain a high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber spinning solution; after the high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber spinning solution is spun into shape, it is dehydrated and condensed at high temperature to be shaped to obtain a high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber. The molecular structure of the high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber contains a large number of ring structures, which give the high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber good mechanical properties, so that it can be stressed without being easily damaged. The molecular structure of the high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber also contains a large number of long carbon chains, which give it good softness and greatly improve its elasticity, so that the prepared fabric has high elastic tensile properties.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Embodiment 1:

This embodiment is a method for preparing a high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber spinning solution, comprising the following steps:

Step A1: Add 1 g of 4-n-butylchlorobenzene to a four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a constant pressure dropping funnel and a reflux condenser, and add dropwise 5 mL of a mixed acid prepared by mixing 95% concentrated sulfuric acid, 66% concentrated nitric acid and deionized water in a ratio of 25 g: 65 g: 3 g at a temperature of -5°C and a stirring rate of 400 r/min, with stirring, and the dropping rate is controlled to be 1 drop/s. After the dropwise addition is completed, the temperature is raised to 70°C and the stirring reaction is continued for 5 hours. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is added to ice water, and then extracted twice with anhydrous ether. The organic phase is washed twice with a saturated sodium carbonate solution, and then dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then vacuum filtered, and the filtrate is rotary evaporated to remove the solvent to obtain intermediate 1;

Step A2: 0.2 mol of intermediate 1, 0.1 mol of hydroquinone, 0.2 mol of potassium carbonate and 100 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a gas guide tube, and nitrogen was introduced for protection. The reaction was stirred at a temperature of 150° C. and a stirring rate of 400 r/min for 6 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was cooled to room temperature, then added to ice water to precipitate, and then vacuum filtered. The filter cake was placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at a temperature of 60° C. for 3 hours to obtain intermediate 2;

Step A3: 10 mmol of intermediate 2, 0.25 g of 5% palladium carbon and 80 mL of anhydrous ethanol were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a constant pressure dropping funnel, and 12 mL of a 64% hydrazine hydrate solution was added dropwise while stirring at a temperature of 25 ° C and a stirring rate of 400 r/min. The dropping rate was controlled to be 1 drop/s. After the addition was completed, the temperature was raised to 70 ° C and the stirring reaction was continued for 5 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was added to distilled water to precipitate, and then vacuum filtered. The filter cake was placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at a temperature of 60 ° C for 3 hours to obtain intermediate 3;

Step A4: 0.1 mol o-xylene, 0.1 g iodine and 0.2 g iron powder were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a constant pressure dropping funnel, and 0.11 mol liquid bromine was added dropwise while stirring at a temperature of 0°C and a stirring rate of 400 r/min. The dropping rate was controlled to be 1 drop/s. After the addition was completed, the temperature was raised to 25°C and the stirring reaction was continued for 8 hours. After the reaction was completed, a 5% sodium hydroxide solution was added dropwise to the reaction product until the red color faded, and then vacuum filtered, the filtrate was distilled at atmospheric pressure, and the fraction at a temperature of 214°C was collected to obtain intermediate 4;

Step A5: 0.2 mol of intermediate 4, 0.1 mol of dichlorodimethylsilane, 0.1 mol of sodium and 120 mL of toluene were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, and stirred for reaction at a temperature of 25° C. and a stirring rate of 400 r/min for 20 min, then the temperature was raised to reflux and the stirring reaction was continued for 1 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was rotary evaporated to remove toluene, and then vacuum distilled to collect the fraction with a pressure of 0.002 MPa and a temperature of 226° C. to obtain intermediate 5;

Step A6: 10 mmol of intermediate 5, 70 mL of pyridine, 25 g of potassium permanganate and 20 mL of deionized water were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, and stirred for reaction at a temperature of 25°C and a stirring rate of 400 r/min for 20 min, then heated to reflux and continued to stir for reaction for 1 h, then added 3 mL of anhydrous methanol and continued to stir for reaction for 1 h, after the reaction, the reaction product was cooled to room temperature, then vacuum filtered, the filtrate was adjusted to pH 1 with a 20% hydrochloric acid solution by mass fraction, a precipitate was precipitated, then vacuum filtered, the filter cake was added to 25 mL of acetic anhydride, then stirred for reaction at a temperature of 70°C and a stirring rate of 400 r/min for 2 h, then rotary evaporated to remove the solvent, and then recrystallized with n-hexane to obtain intermediate 6;

Step A7: Add 5 mmol of intermediate 3, 5 mmol of intermediate 6 and 300 g of N,N-dimethylacetamide into a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and stir the reaction for 10 hours at a temperature of 35°C and a stirring rate of 400 r/min to obtain a high-elastic tensile fiber spinning solution.

Embodiment 2:

This embodiment is a method for preparing a high-elastic tensile-resistant fiber spinning solution, comprising the following steps:

Step A1: Add 1 g of 4-n-butylchlorobenzene to a four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a constant pressure dropping funnel and a reflux condenser, and add dropwise 10 mL of a mixed acid prepared by mixing 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, 67% concentrated nitric acid and deionized water in a ratio of 30 g: 70 g: 6 g at a temperature of 0° C. and a stirring rate of 500 r/min, with stirring, and the dropping rate is controlled to be 2 drops/s. After the dropwise addition is completed, the temperature is raised to 75° C. and the stirring reaction is continued for 6 hours. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is added to ice water, and then extracted with anhydrous ether for 3 times. The organic phase is washed with a saturated sodium carbonate solution for 3 times, and then dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then vacuum filtered, and the filtrate is rotary evaporated to remove the solvent to obtain intermediate 1;

Step A2: 0.22 mol of intermediate 1, 0.1 mol of hydroquinone, 0.22 mol of potassium carbonate and 120 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a gas guide tube, and nitrogen was introduced for protection. The reaction was stirred at a temperature of 155° C. and a stirring rate of 500 r/min for 8 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was cooled to room temperature, then added to ice water to precipitate, and then vacuum filtered. The filter cake was placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at a temperature of 70° C. for 5 hours to obtain intermediate 2;

Step A3: 10 mmol of intermediate 2, 0.35 g of 5% palladium carbon and 100 mL of anhydrous ethanol were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a constant pressure dropping funnel, and 15 mL of a 65% hydrazine hydrate solution was added dropwise while stirring at a temperature of 30 ° C and a stirring rate of 500 r/min. The dropping rate was controlled to be 2 drops/s. After the dropwise addition was completed, the temperature was raised to 75 ° C and the stirring reaction was continued for 6 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was added to distilled water to precipitate, and then vacuum filtered. The filter cake was placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at a temperature of 70 ° C for 5 hours to obtain intermediate 3;

Step A4: 0.1 mol o-xylene, 0.15 g iodine and 0.25 g iron powder were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a constant pressure dropping funnel, and 0.13 mol of 10% liquid bromine was added dropwise while stirring at a temperature of 0-5°C and a stirring rate of 500 r/min. The dropping rate was controlled to be 2 drops/s. After the addition was completed, the temperature was raised to 30°C and the stirring reaction was continued for 10 hours. After the reaction was completed, sodium hydroxide solution was added dropwise to the reaction product until the red color faded, and then vacuum filtered, the filtrate was distilled at atmospheric pressure, and the fraction at a temperature of 215°C was collected to obtain intermediate 4;

Step A5: 0.2 mol of intermediate 4, 0.1 mol of dichlorodimethylsilane, 0.1 mol of sodium and 150 mL of toluene were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, and stirred for reaction at a temperature of 30°C and a stirring rate of 500 r/min for 25 min, then the temperature was raised to reflux and the stirring reaction was continued for 2 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was rotary evaporated to remove toluene, and then vacuum distilled to collect the fraction with a pressure of 0.002 MPa and a temperature of 229°C to obtain intermediate 5;

Step A6: 10 mmol of intermediate 5, 80 mL of pyridine, 30 g of potassium permanganate and 30 mL of deionized water were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, and stirred for reaction at a temperature of 30°C and a stirring rate of 500 r/min for 25 min, then heated to reflux and continued to stir for reaction for 2 h, then added 5 mL of anhydrous methanol and continued to stir for reaction for 2 h, and after the reaction, the reaction product was cooled to room temperature, and then vacuum filtered, the filtrate was adjusted to pH 2 with a 25% hydrochloric acid solution, a precipitate was precipitated, and then vacuum filtered, the filter cake was added to 30 mL of acetic anhydride, and then stirred for reaction at a temperature of 80°C and a stirring rate of 500 r/min for 3 h, then rotary evaporated to remove the solvent, and then recrystallized with n-hexane to obtain intermediate 6;

Step A7: Add 5 mmol of intermediate 3, 5 mmol of intermediate 6 and 350 g of N,N-dimethylacetamide into a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and stir the reaction for 15 hours at a temperature of 40°C and a stirring rate of 500 r/min to obtain a high-elastic tensile fiber spinning solution.

Embodiment 3:

This embodiment is a method for preparing a high-elastic tensile-resistant fabric, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: prepare a high-elastic tensile fiber spinning solution according to the method of Example 1 and set aside;

Step 2: Spraying the high-elastic tensile fiber spinning solution into a 40% by volume ethanol solution from a spinneret under a pressure of 0.3 MPa to obtain a preformed fiber;

Step 3: The preformed fiber is washed with distilled water for 3 times, then placed in a vacuum drying oven, dried at 60°C for 3 hours, then placed in a tubular furnace, then dried at 200°C for 2 hours, then heated to 280°C for 1.5 hours, then heated to 310°C for 1 hour, to obtain a high elastic tensile fiber;

Step 4: Weaving the high-elastic tensile-resistant fibers into shape to obtain the high-elastic tensile-resistant fabric.

Embodiment 4:

This embodiment is a method for preparing a high-elastic tensile-resistant fabric, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: prepare a high-elastic tensile fiber spinning solution according to the method of Example 2 and set aside;

Step 2: Spraying the high-elastic tensile fiber spinning solution into a 50% by volume ethanol solution from a spinneret under a pressure of 0.4 MPa to obtain a preformed fiber;

Step 3: The preformed fiber was washed with distilled water for 5 times, then placed in a vacuum drying oven, dried at 70°C for 5 hours, then placed in a tubular furnace, then dried at 200°C for 2.5 hours, then heated to 280°C for 2 hours, then heated to 310°C for 1.5 hours, to obtain a high elastic tensile fiber;

Step 4: Weaving the high-elastic tensile-resistant fibers into shape to obtain the high-elastic tensile-resistant fabric.

Comparative Example 1:

Comparative Example 1 is an elastic fabric prepared by the method of Example 9 in Application No. 202010752143.3.

The performance of the high elastic tensile fabrics of Examples 3-4 and Comparative Example 1 was tested, and the test results are shown in the following table:

sample Example 3 Example 4 Comparative Example 1 Tensile strength, MPa 25.8 27.0 22.0 Elongation at break, % 680 690 680

Referring to the data in the above table, according to the comparison between Examples 3-4 and Comparative Example 1, it can be known that the elastic fabric of the present invention not only has high tensile strength, but also has high elongation at break, and has better performance than the elastic fabric in Comparative Example 1, indicating that the elastic fabric of the present invention has excellent tensile properties and high elasticity. In the description of this specification, the description of reference terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the high-elasticity tensile fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

Step one: nitrifying 4-n-butylchlorobenzene by using mixed acid to obtain an intermediate 1, then reacting the intermediate 1 with hydroquinone to obtain an intermediate 2, reducing nitro groups on the intermediate 2 into amino groups by using hydrazine hydrate to obtain an intermediate 3, brominating o-xylene by using liquid bromine to obtain an intermediate 4, then reacting the intermediate 4 with dichlorodimethylsilane to generate an intermediate 5, oxidizing methyl groups on the intermediate 5 to form carboxyl groups, forming acid anhydride to obtain an intermediate 6, and then polymerizing the intermediate 3 with the intermediate 6 to form polyamic acid to obtain the high-elastic tensile fiber spinning solution;

Step two: spraying the high-elastic tensile fiber spinning solution into 40-50% ethanol solution by volume fraction by a spinneret plate under the condition of 0.3-0.4MPa to obtain preformed fibers;

Step three: washing the preformed fiber with distilled water for 3-5 times, placing in a vacuum drying oven, drying at 60-70 ℃ for 3-5h, placing in a tube furnace, drying at 200 ℃ for 2-2.5h, heating to 280 ℃ for 1.5-2h, and heating to 310 ℃ for 1-1.5h to obtain the high-elastic tensile fiber;

step four: and weaving and forming the high-elasticity tensile fiber to obtain the high-elasticity tensile fabric.

2. The method for preparing the high-elastic tensile fabric according to claim 1, wherein the high-elastic tensile fiber spinning solution is prepared by the following steps:

Step A1: adding 4-n-butylchlorobenzene into a four-neck flask provided with a stirrer, a thermometer, a constant pressure dropping funnel and a reflux condenser, dropwise adding mixed acid while stirring under the conditions that the temperature is-5-0 ℃ and the stirring rate is 400-500r/min, controlling the dropping rate to be 1-2 drops/s, heating to 70-75 ℃ after the dropping, continuing stirring for reacting for 5-6h, adding a reaction product into ice water after the reaction is finished, extracting for 2-3 times by using anhydrous diethyl ether, washing an organic phase for 2-3 times by using saturated sodium carbonate solution, drying by using anhydrous sodium sulfate, vacuum suction filtering, and rotationally evaporating filtrate to remove the solvent to obtain an intermediate 1;

step A2: adding the intermediate 1, hydroquinone, potassium carbonate and N, N-dimethylformamide into a three-neck flask provided with a stirrer, a thermometer and an air duct, introducing nitrogen for protection, stirring and reacting for 6-8h under the condition that the temperature is 150-155 ℃ and the stirring speed is 400-500r/min, cooling the reaction product to room temperature after the reaction is finished, adding the reaction product into ice water, precipitating, vacuum filtering, placing a filter cake into a vacuum drying oven, and drying for 3-5h under the condition that the temperature is 60-70 ℃ to obtain an intermediate 2;

Step A3: adding the intermediate 2, 5% palladium carbon and absolute ethyl alcohol into a three-neck flask provided with a stirrer, a thermometer and a constant pressure dropping funnel, gradually adding a hydrazine hydrate solution dropwise while stirring under the conditions of the temperature of 25-30 ℃ and the stirring rate of 400-500r/min, controlling the dropping rate to be 1-2 drops/s, continuously stirring and reacting for 5-6h under the conditions of heating to 70-75 ℃ after the dropping is finished, adding the reaction product into distilled water after the reaction is finished, precipitating and filtering, vacuum-pumping, placing a filter cake into a vacuum drying oven, and drying for 3-5h under the conditions of the temperature of 60-70 ℃ to obtain an intermediate 3;

Step A4: adding o-xylene, iodine and iron powder into a three-neck flask provided with a stirrer, a thermometer and a constant pressure dropping funnel, dropwise adding liquid bromine while stirring at a temperature of 0-5 ℃ and a stirring rate of 400-500r/min, controlling the dropping rate to be 1-2 drops/s, heating to 25-30 ℃ after the dropping is finished, continuing stirring for reacting for 8-10h, dropwise adding sodium hydroxide solution into a reaction product after the reaction is finished until red is removed, then carrying out vacuum suction filtration, distilling filtrate at normal pressure, and collecting fractions at a temperature of 214-215 ℃ to obtain an intermediate 4;

Step A5: adding the intermediate 4, dichlorodimethylsilane, sodium and toluene into a three-neck flask provided with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, stirring and reacting for 20-25min under the conditions of 25-30 ℃ and stirring speed of 400-500r/min, heating to reflux and continuously stirring and reacting for 1-2h, removing toluene by rotary evaporation of a reaction product after the reaction is finished, and then distilling under reduced pressure, collecting fractions with the pressure of 0.002MPa and the temperature of 226-229 ℃ to obtain an intermediate 5;

Step A6: adding the intermediate 5, pyridine, potassium permanganate and deionized water into a three-neck flask provided with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, stirring and reacting for 20-25min under the conditions of 25-30 ℃ and stirring speed of 400-500r/min, heating to reflux and continuously stirring and reacting for 1-2h, adding anhydrous methanol and continuously stirring and reacting for 1-2h, cooling the reaction product to room temperature after the reaction is finished, vacuum-filtering, regulating the pH value of the filtrate to 1-2 by using a hydrochloric acid solution, precipitating and precipitating, vacuum-filtering, adding the filter cake into acetic anhydride, stirring and reacting for 2-3h under the conditions of 70-80 ℃ and stirring speed of 400-500r/min, removing the dissolution by rotary evaporation, and recrystallizing by using n-hexane to obtain an intermediate 6;

Step A7: adding the intermediate 3, the intermediate 6 and the N, N-dimethylacetamide into a three-neck flask with a stirrer and a thermometer, and stirring and reacting for 10-15h under the conditions of the temperature of 35-40 ℃ and the stirring speed of 400-500r/min to obtain the high-elastic tensile fiber spinning solution.

3. The method for preparing the high-elastic tensile fabric according to claim 2, wherein the dosage ratio of the 4-n-butylchlorobenzene to the mixed acid in the step A1 is 1g:5-10mL, wherein the mixed acid is concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated nitric acid and deionized water according to 25-30g:65-70g:3-6g of a mixture formed by mixing, wherein the mass fraction of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 95-98%, and the mass fraction of the concentrated nitric acid is 66-67%.

4. The method for preparing the high-elastic tensile fabric according to claim 2, wherein the dosage ratio of the intermediate 1, hydroquinone, potassium carbonate and N, N-dimethylformamide in the step A2 is 0.2-0.22mol:0.1mol:0.2 to 0.22mol:100-120mL.

5. The method for preparing the high-elastic tensile fabric according to claim 2, wherein the dosage ratio of the intermediate 2, 5% palladium carbon, absolute ethyl alcohol and hydrazine hydrate solution in the step A3 is 10mmol:0.25-0.35g:80-100mL:12-15mL, wherein the mass fraction of the hydrazine hydrate solution is 64-65%.

6. The method for preparing the high-elastic tensile fabric according to claim 2, wherein the dosage ratio of o-xylene, iodine, iron powder and liquid bromine in the step A4 is 0.1mol:0.1-0.15g:0.2-0.25g:0.11-0.13mol, and the mass fraction of the sodium hydroxide solution is 5-10%.

7. The method for preparing a high-elastic tensile fabric according to claim 2, wherein the dosage ratio of the intermediate 4, dichlorodimethylsilane, sodium and toluene in the step A5 is 0.2mol:0.1mol:0.1mol:120-150mL.

8. The method for preparing the high-elastic tensile fabric according to claim 2, wherein the dosage ratio of the intermediate 5, pyridine, potassium permanganate, deionized water, anhydrous methanol and acetic anhydride in the step A6 is 10mmol:70-80mL:25-30g:20-30mL:3-5mL:25-30mL, wherein the mass fraction of the hydrochloric acid solution is 20-25%.

9. The method for preparing a high-elastic tensile fabric according to claim 2, wherein the amount of the intermediate 3, the intermediate 6 and the N, N-dimethylacetamide in the step A7 is 5mmol:5mmol:300-350g.

10. A high-elastic tensile fabric, characterized in that the high-elastic tensile fabric is prepared by the preparation method of the high-elastic tensile fabric according to any one of claims 1-9.