CN118497659B - A nano coating for cylinder sleeve and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A nano coating for cylinder sleeve and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118497659B CN118497659B CN202410910474.3A CN202410910474A CN118497659B CN 118497659 B CN118497659 B CN 118497659B CN 202410910474 A CN202410910474 A CN 202410910474A CN 118497659 B CN118497659 B CN 118497659B
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D1/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/65—Additives macromolecular
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0005—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with at least one oxide and at least one of carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
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Abstract
The invention provides a nano coating for a cylinder sleeve and a preparation method thereof. By optimizing-/
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nano materials, in particular to a nano coating for a cylinder sleeve and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The cylinder liner is one of important parts of an engine, has a severe working environment and needs to have excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Currently, the preparation of wear-resistant coatings on the surface of cylinder liners has become an important means of improving their service life. The traditional cylinder sleeve coating mainly comprises an electroplated chromium coating, a solvent-jet coating, a powder coating and the like. The electroplated chromium coating and the dissolved-jet coating have the defects of complex process, large environmental pollution, poor coating binding force and the like, and the powder coating overcomes the defects, but the hardness and the wear resistance of the coating still have difficulty in meeting the use requirements of a high-power-density engine.
In recent years, nanomaterials have received extensive attention from researchers for their excellent mechanical properties and physicochemical properties. The nano material is applied to the cylinder liner coating, so that the comprehensive performance of the coating is expected to be obviously improved. At present, researchers have developed application researches of nano ceramic coatings and nano composite coatings on cylinder liners, and preliminary results show that the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of certain nano coating systems are superior to those of traditional coatings. However, most of the existing nano coating formulas are single ceramic matrix, and have high hardness but poor toughness, so that the binding force and adaptability of the coating are limited. Therefore, the development of the double ceramic phase nano coating system with high hardness, high toughness and high binding force has important significance for further improving the service performance and service life of the cylinder liner.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design and develop a nano coating formula for a cylinder sleeve and optimize a coating preparation process.
By analyzing service conditions and performance requirements of the cylinder sleeve, it is determined that the nano coating needs to have high hardness, high toughness, high binding force and good abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance. Thus, the present invention selects nano-sizedAnd nanometersAs ceramic reinforcing phase of the coating, select nanoA metal substrate as a coating.
Has high hardness, high melting point, excellent wear resistance and chemical stability, and is one of ideal wear-resistant coating materials.The coating has high hardness and good oxidation resistance, has the electric and heat conduction characteristics of the metalloid, and can improve the binding force of the coating and the matrix. Nanometer scaleThe metal material has excellent mechanical properties, high strength and high toughness, and can obviously improve the impact resistance of the coating.
The invention adopts a high-energy ball milling method to prepare the material with average grain diameter ofA kind of electronic deviceThe particles and average particle size areA kind of electronic deviceParticles, the average particle diameter is prepared by adopting a chemical reduction methodA kind of electronic deviceAnd (3) particles. XRD analysis shows that the prepared nano powder has high crystallinity and uniform particle size distribution.
In designing the formulation of the double ceramic phase nano coating, the following factors need to be comprehensively considered:
(1) The hardness of the coating is mainly determined by the content of the ceramic phase, and the higher the content of the ceramic phase is, the higher the hardness of the coating is, but the toughness is reduced. In order to achieve both hardness and toughness of the coating, the ceramic phase is generally controlled to be 。
(2) In order to exert the nano-reinforcing effect to the greatest extent, the nano-particles in the coating need to be uniformly dispersed, and the agglomeration phenomenon should be avoided as much as possible. Therefore, in designing the formulation, the type and amount of the dispersant need to be optimized.
(3) The size and distribution of the particle size of the metal matrix and the ceramic particles have an important influence on the mechanical properties of the coating. The smaller the particle diameter, the larger the specific surface area, and the more remarkable the reinforcing effect.
(4) The corrosion resistance of the coating is mainly dependent on the corrosion resistance of the substrate.The corrosion resistance of the matrix is better than that of the matrixA substrate. In addition, passivation elements such as、And the like, the corrosion resistance of the coating can be further improved.
Based on the principle, the invention designs a plurality of double ceramic phase nano coating formulas, whereinAndIs fixed to beTotal ceramic phase [ ]And) The content is atThe dispersing agent is PEG, and the adding amount is 1% of the total mass of the powder. The compositions of the formulations are shown in the following table:
In addition to the formulation, the preparation process, including the substrate pretreatment, coating process, and heat treatment regime, has a significant impact on the coating properties.
The surface state of the substrate has an important influence on the binding force and service life of the coating. In order to improve the binding force between the coating and the matrix, the cylinder liner matrix needs to be pretreated, including the steps of degreasing, roughening, activating and the like.
The coating properties are not only dependent on the material formulation, but are also closely related to the process. The invention Adopts Plasma Spraying (APS) technology to prepare the nano coating, and mainly optimizes the technological parameters such as spraying power, powder feeding amount, spraying distance, matrix preheating temperature and the like.
To further improve the properties of the coating, it is necessary to heat treat it after spray forming. The heat treatment can promote the release of residual stress in the coating and improve the tissue structure and interface bonding of the coating.
Detailed Description
In order to optimize the coating formula with the best comprehensive performance, the invention adopts an orthogonal test method, uses the microhardness and the bonding strength of the coating as evaluation indexes, and carries out coating experiments on different formulas, wherein the experimental results are shown in the following table:
It can be seen from the table that as the ceramic phase content increases, the coating hardness increases significantly, but the bond strength tends to increase first and then decrease. When the total content of the ceramic phase is When (i.e. formulation S2), the coating had a higher hardness and the bond strength was the greatest, indicatingIs the optimal addition amount of the ceramic phase.
The surface state of the substrate has an important influence on the binding force and service life of the coating. In order to improve the binding force between the coating and the matrix, the cylinder liner matrix needs to be pretreated, including the steps of degreasing, roughening, activating and the like. The invention adopts alkali washing to remove oil, sulfuric acid soaking and coarsening, finallySoaking in the solution for activation. The surface of the treated matrix is clean and uniform, has moderate roughness and certain chemical activity, and is favorable for the adsorption and combination of coating materials.
The coating properties are not only dependent on the material formulation but are also closely related to the coating process. The invention Adopts Plasma Spraying (APS) technology to prepare the nano coating, and mainly optimizes the technological parameters such as spraying power, powder feeding amount, spraying distance, matrix preheating temperature and the like.
After the proper range of each parameter is obtained through a single factor test, an L9 test scheme is designed through an orthogonal test, and the microhardness and the bonding strength of the coating are used as evaluation indexes, so that the optimal technological parameter combination is optimized. The results of the orthogonal test are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the extremely poor analysis, the effect of the spraying power on the hardness and the bonding strength of the coating is the greatest, and the influence of the preheating temperature of the substrate on the powder amount and the spraying distance is relatively small. Comprehensively considering the coating performance and the production efficiency, determining the optimal technological parameters as follows: spray power Amount of powder fedSpray distancePreheating temperature of substrate. The hardness of the coating prepared under the optimized process parameters can reachThe bonding strength reachesThe above.
To further improve the properties of the coating, it is necessary to heat treat it after spray forming. The heat treatment can promote the release of residual stress in the coating and improve the tissue structure and interface bonding of the coating. The invention focuses on researching the rule of influence of heat treatment temperature on coating performance.
The coated samples were protected under vacuum atmosphere, respectively、、AndThermal insulationThe furnace was then cooled to room temperature. XRD analysis and mechanical property test are carried out on the coating after heat treatment. The results show that the coating after heat treatment is still composed ofMatrix and method for manufacturing the same、The ceramic phase composition does not change significantly. As the heat treatment temperature increases, the crystallinity of the coating increases. When the temperature is higher thanThe diffraction peak is slightly broader, probably because grain growth occurs at high temperatures.
The hardness of the coating tends to increase and decrease with increasing heat treatment temperature, atWhen reaching maximum value. The bonding strength increases monotonically with increasing temperature, inReach when it reaches. Taking the hardness and the bonding strength of the coating into consideration, selection ofAs the heat treatment temperature.
In order to examine the abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance of the coating in practical application, the invention designs the friction abrasion and electrochemical corrosion test of the coating. The result shows that the average friction coefficient and the wear rate of the nano coating prepared by adopting the optimized coating formula and the preparation process under the dry friction condition are respectivelyAndIs of conventional powder coatingAnd. At the position ofPotentiodynamic polarization in NaCl solution shows that the self-corrosion potential of the nano coating is higher than that of the matrixThe corrosion resistance is obviously better than that of the matrix.
Aiming at the key problems of the coating of the cylinder sleeve, the invention develops the formula design, process optimization and performance evaluation research of the double ceramic phase nano coating, and the main contributions are as follows:
(1) By using AndNanoparticle compositesThe matrix is designed into a nano coating for the double ceramic phase cylinder sleeve. The optimal formula of the coating obtained by orthogonal test optimization is as follows: 40% ceramic phase%：=1: 1) And 60%A base.
(2) The double ceramic phase nano coating is prepared by adopting a plasma spraying process, and the optimal process parameters are obtained: spraying power 40kW, powder feeding amount 25The spraying distance is 100mm, and the preheating temperature of the substrate is 200 ℃. The coating is subjected to vacuum heat treatment at 600 ℃ for 2 hours, and the comprehensive performance is optimal.
(3) The wear resistance of the double ceramic phase nano coating is obviously superior to that of the conventional powder coating, the friction coefficient is reduced to 0.2-0.3, and the wear rate is reduced by 1 order of magnitude. The corrosion resistance of the coating in NaCl solution is also greatly enhanced. Excellent wear and corrosion resistance, high hardness, high toughness and uniform composite structure.
(4) The performance of the double ceramic phase nano coating is improved, and the double ceramic phase nano coating is mainly beneficial to the dispersion strengthening and nano toughening effects of nano second phase particles and the synergistic effect of a rigid ceramic phase and a ductile metal base.
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| CN202410910474.3A CN118497659B (en) | 2024-07-09 | 2024-07-09 | A nano coating for cylinder sleeve and preparation method thereof |
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| CN118497659B true CN118497659B (en) | 2024-11-19 |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1431336A (en) * | 2003-01-17 | 2003-07-23 | 西安交通大学 | Method for preparing nickel based self fluxing alloy coat on substrate of copper or copper alloy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1196810C (en) * | 2001-08-04 | 2005-04-13 | 山东科技大学机械电子工程学院 | Method for depositing paint-coat of metal surface, especially for gradient paint-coat |
| US20150284833A1 (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2015-10-08 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Coating layer with protection and thermal conductivity |
| CN108728695A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-02 | 南通理工学院 | Multiphase nano ceramic particle hybrid reinforced nickel-based alloy and laser forming method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1431336A (en) * | 2003-01-17 | 2003-07-23 | 西安交通大学 | Method for preparing nickel based self fluxing alloy coat on substrate of copper or copper alloy |
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