CN118454808B - Building waste crushing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of construction waste crushing, and in particular to a construction waste crushing device, which includes a casing, a rotating cam rotatably arranged in the casing, and a plurality of extrusion plates rotatably connected to the inner wall of the casing; the casing is provided with a driving member for driving the extrusion plates to rotate, and the side wall of the rotating cam is connected with a plurality of crushing plates that can cooperate with the extrusion plates to crush the waste, and the plurality of crushing plates are arranged along the circumference of the rotating cam. The present invention can improve the flexibility of the device, facilitate the device to output aggregates of different sizes, improve the stability of the device, avoid the occurrence of waste retention and clogging in the casing as much as possible, and improve the crushing effect and efficiency of the device.

Description

Construction waste crushing equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of construction waste crushing, and in particular to a construction waste crushing device.

Background Art

Construction waste usually refers to the waste generated during the construction, demolition, maintenance and decoration of buildings. The treatment of construction waste is an important part of designing environmental protection, resource utilization and economic benefits. Construction waste can be converted into useful products or raw materials through physical methods. For example, waste concrete and bricks can be used as basic materials for road construction or aggregates for recycled concrete after crushing, screening and cleaning. This helps protect the environment, reduce the stacking and landfilling of waste, save natural resources, reduce the demand for new raw materials, save construction material costs, and the steel bars in waste concrete can be recycled to make new steel products, saving energy.

A Chinese patent document with authorization announcement number CN113102028B discloses a construction waste crusher, including a crusher body, on which a crushing mechanism is arranged, the crushing mechanism includes a protective cover, and a crushing roller is arranged in the protective cover. Construction waste falls into the protective cover, and the crushing roller crushes the waste into aggregates.

With regard to the above-mentioned related technologies, when construction waste is crushed and recycled as aggregate, its size requirements usually depend on the purpose and required performance of the recycled aggregate. The size of the aggregate crushed by the crusher is related to the size of the channel between the crushing roller and the protective cover. The size and shape of the channel between the crushing roller and the protective cover are fixed, and it is difficult to adjust the size of the crushed aggregate according to actual needs. In addition, there is a possibility that some waste will always stay above the crushing roller. The waste above the crushing roller continues to roll, affecting the movement of the waste in the protective cover, causing the waste to accumulate above the crushing roller, affecting the crushing effect and efficiency of the device.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a construction waste crushing device, aiming to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the size of aggregates after crushing is difficult to adjust and the crushing effect is poor.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a construction waste crushing equipment, which adopts the following technical solution: a construction waste crushing equipment, including a casing, a rotating cam rotatably arranged in the casing and a plurality of extrusion plates rotatably connected to the inner wall of the casing; the casing is provided with a driving member for driving the extrusion plate to rotate, and the side wall of the rotating cam is connected to a plurality of groups of crushing plates that can cooperate with the extrusion plate to crush the waste, and the plurality of groups of crushing plates are arranged along the circumference of the rotating cam.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the crushing plate cooperates with the extrusion plate to extrude and crush the waste, and the crushing plate is connected to the side wall of the rotating cam. Due to the particularity of the rotating cam structure, when the crushing plate rotates to correspond to the extrusion plate, the distances between the multiple crushing plates and the inner wall of the casing are different. The position of the extrusion plate is adjusted by the driving member, so that the sizes of the channels for the waste to pass through between the extrusion plate and the multiple crushing plates are similar, thereby controlling the size of the crushed aggregate, improving the crushing effect, and making the size of the crushed waste similar; and by changing the position of the extrusion plate, the size of the channel between the extrusion plate and the crushing plate can be increased or reduced, thereby adjusting the size of the crushed aggregate according to actual use; at the same time, due to the change in the position of the extrusion plate and the change in the crushing plate, the shape of the channel for the waste to pass between the extrusion plate and the crushing plate changes, thereby avoiding the situation where the waste stagnates between the extrusion plate and the crushing plate as much as possible.

Optionally, the side wall of the rotating cam is connected with a plurality of combing teeth arranged along the axial direction of the rotating cam, and the combing teeth are slidably connected with a plurality of shearing teeth that can cooperate with the combing teeth and cut the steel bars.

By adopting the above technical solution, as the rotating cam rotates, the combing teeth comb the steel bars inside the casing, and the shearing teeth move and shear the steel bars into small sections, which is convenient for the unloading of the steel bars and the subsequent transportation and recycling of the steel bars, thereby reducing the negative impact of the steel bars in the waste on the crushing process of the device, facilitating the movement and crushing of the waste in the casing, and thus improving the crushing effect of the device.

Optionally, the crushing plates are provided with three groups, wherein two groups of the crushing plates are respectively connected to the proximal end and the distal end of the rotating cam, and the other group of the crushing plates and the combing teeth are arranged along the radial direction of the rotating cam.

The adoption of the above technical solution is conducive to improving the angular dynamic balance of the rotating cam, improving the operational stability, and extending the service life of the device.

Optionally, the top end of the crushing plate is connected to a connecting arc plate, the tail end of which can contact the side wall of the rotating cam.

By adopting the above technical solution, a connecting arc plate is provided, and the connecting arc plate cooperates with the extrusion plate to crush the waste, reduce the size of the channel between the rotating cam and the inner wall of the casing, thereby changing the movement trajectory of the extrusion plate, reducing the large-scale movement of the extrusion plate, making the extrusion plate run smoothly, and reducing the probability of waste falling directly along the gap between the rotating cam and the extrusion plate without being crushed.

Optionally, a control member for controlling the shearing teeth to move back and forth axially along the rotating cam is provided on the inner wall of the casing.

By adopting the above technical solution, the control part controls the movement of the shearing teeth, that is, controls the timing of the movement of the shearing teeth, which is convenient for shearing the steel bars in the casing, facilitates the unloading of the steel bars, and reduces the situation where the steel bars are retained in the casing.

Optionally, the control component includes two groups of control panels fixedly connected to the two side walls of the casing, each group of control panels is composed of multiple control panels, and the two groups of control panels are staggered in the circumferential direction of the rotating cam. The multiple shear teeth are fixedly connected to the sliding plate, and the sliding plate is slidably connected to the combing teeth. A control shaft is connected to the end of the sliding plate, and a control groove matching the control shaft is opened on the control plate.

By adopting the above technical solution, the combing teeth and the shearing teeth rotate with the rotating cam. When the shearing teeth move to the control shaft and are slidably inserted into the control groove, the position of the control shaft changes with the rotation of the rotating cam, and drives the sliding plate and the shearing teeth to move. The shearing teeth and the combing teeth cooperate to complete the shearing of the steel bars, thereby improving the degree of automation of the device.

Optionally, a plurality of control plates are provided, and the plurality of control plates are arranged along the circumference of the rotating cam.

By adopting the above technical solution, the steel bars can be sheared multiple times, which is convenient for unloading the steel bars and avoids the situation where the steel bars are retained inside the casing as much as possible.

Optionally, the driving member includes a driving cylinder, one end of the extrusion plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the casing, and a transfer block is hinged between the other end of the extrusion plate and the output end of the driving cylinder.

By adopting the above technical solution, the extrusion plate can be driven to move by starting the driving cylinder, and the structure is stable and easy to control.

Optionally, the extrusion plates are provided in two groups and are respectively arranged at the top and the middle of the casing.

By adopting the above technical solution, the extrusion plate and the crushing plate located at the top of the casing cooperate with each other to perform the initial crushing of the waste, and the extrusion plate and the crushing plate located in the middle of the casing cooperate with each other to crush the waste again, thereby improving the crushing effect.

Optionally, a limiting plate capable of cooperating with a rotating cam to clamp the crushed waste is provided at the inner bottom of the casing.

By adopting the above technical solution, the crushed waste can be prevented from falling directly downward as much as possible, the impact force when the waste is discharged can be weakened, and the damage caused by the waste discharge to other devices and planes can be reduced.

In summary, the present invention includes the following beneficial technical effects:

1. Multiple crushing plates are connected to the rotating cam. As the rotating cam rotates, the multiple crushing plates cooperate with the extrusion plate in turn to crush the waste. Due to the particularity of the rotating cam structure, the positions of the crushing plates are different when crushing the waste. Therefore, the extrusion plate is adjusted by the driving member to make the size of the channel for the waste to pass between the extrusion plate and the crushing plate similar, which is conducive to the similar size of the aggregate after crushing and improves the crushing effect of the device.

2. The size of the crushed aggregate can be changed by changing the position of the extrusion plate, thereby improving the flexibility of the device.

3. Since the shape of the channel for waste to pass through between the crushing plate and the extrusion plate changes, it can effectively prevent the waste from stagnating between the extrusion plate and the crushing plate, which is conducive to the smooth operation of the device and improves the crushing efficiency and crushing effect of the device.

4. The combing teeth and shearing teeth can comb and shear the steel bars in the casing, cutting the steel bars into small sections to facilitate the unloading of steel bars, improve the previous situation of steel bars being retained in the casing, facilitate the smooth operation of the device, reduce the maintenance frequency of the device, and improve the crushing effect and efficiency of the device.

5. The arc plate is connected to cooperate with the extrusion plate to crush the waste, reduce the size of the channel between the rotating cam and the inner wall of the casing, thereby changing the movement trajectory of the extrusion plate, reducing the large-scale movement of the extrusion plate, making the extrusion plate run smoothly, and reducing the probability of waste falling directly along the gap between the rotating cam and the extrusion plate without being crushed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG3 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of part A in FIG2 ;

FIG4 is a second cross-sectional view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG5 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of part B in FIG4 ;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating cam, the crushing plate and the combing teeth in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG7 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of portion C in FIG6 ;

FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing, an extrusion plate, a control plate and a limit plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. Casing; 11. Feed inlet; 12. Discharge outlet; 2. Rotating cam; 3. Extrusion plate; 31. Driving member; 32. Driving cylinder; 33. Transfer block; 4. Crushing plate; 41. Connecting arc plate; 5. Combing teeth; 6. Shearing teeth; 61. Control member; 62. Control plate; 63. Control groove; 64. Sliding plate; 65. Control shaft; 8. Limiting plate; 81. Guide rod; 82. Abutment plate; 83. Compression spring.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with Figures 1 to 8 of the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

1 to 8 , the present embodiment provides a construction waste crushing device, including a housing 1 , a rotating cam 2 , a plurality of squeezing plates 3 and a plurality of crushing plates 4 .

1 , 2 and 4 , a cavity is provided inside the casing 1 , a feed port 11 is provided on the side wall of the casing 1 , and a discharge port 12 is provided at the bottom of the casing 1 . Waste enters the casing 1 through the feed port 11 , and after being crushed, the waste is discharged through the discharge port 12 at the bottom of the casing 1 .

2, 4 and 6, the rotating cam 2 is cylindrical as a whole, and the rotating axis of the rotating cam 2 deviates from the central axis of the rotating cam 2. The side wall of the rotating cam 2 that is closer to the rotating axis of the rotating cam 2 is called the proximal end, and the side that is farther away from the rotating axis of the rotating cam 2 is called the distal end. The rotating cam 2 is driven to rotate by an external belt power transmission, which will not be described in detail here.

2 , 4 and 8 , two groups of extrusion plates 3 are provided. The extrusion plates 3 are arc-shaped as a whole. The two groups of extrusion plates 3 are rotatably connected to the top and the middle of the casing 1 , respectively. The two groups of extrusion plates 3 are inclined.

2, 4 and 5, two driving members 31 corresponding to the two groups of extrusion plates 3 are provided on the housing 1, and the driving member 31 includes a driving cylinder 32, the output end of the driving cylinder 32 passes through the side wall of the housing 1 and extends into the interior of the housing 1, the top of the extrusion plate 3 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 1, and a transfer block 33 is hinged between the bottom end of the extrusion plate 3 and the output end of the driving cylinder 32. With the movement of the output end of the driving cylinder 32, the inclination of the extrusion plate 3 in the housing 1 is changed, that is, the position of the extrusion plate 3 is changed.

2 , 4 and 6 , three groups of crushing plates 4 are provided, and the three groups of crushing plates 4 are all connected to the side wall of the rotating cam 2 .

2, 4 and 6, the crushing plate 4 cooperates with the extrusion plate 3 to extrude and crush the waste, and the crushing plate 4 is connected to the side wall of the rotating cam 2. Due to the particularity of the structure of the rotating cam 2, as the rotating cam 2 rotates, when the multiple crushing plates 4 are respectively rotated to correspond to the extrusion plate 3, the multiple crushing plates 4 are at different distances from the inner wall of the casing 1. The position of the extrusion plate 3 is adjusted by the driving member 31, so that the size of the passage between the extrusion plate 3 and the multiple crushing plates 4 for the waste to pass through is similar, thereby controlling the size of the crushed aggregate, improving the crushing effect, and making the size of the crushed waste similar; and by changing the position of the extrusion plate 3, the size of the passage between the extrusion plate 3 and the crushing plate 4 can be increased or reduced, thereby adjusting the size of the crushed aggregate according to actual use; at the same time, due to the change in the position of the extrusion plate 3 and the change in the crushing plate 4, the shape of the passage for the waste between the extrusion plate 3 and the crushing plate 4 changes, so as to avoid the waste from stagnating between the extrusion plate 3 and the crushing plate 4 as much as possible.

4 and 6 , the crushing plate 4 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped as a whole, one end of the crushing plate 4 extends into the interior of the rotating cam 2 and is fixedly connected to the rotating cam 2, and the other end of the crushing plate 4 extends out of the rotating cam 2 and is fixedly connected to a connecting arc plate 41, which is in the shape of a circular arc as a whole, and the end of the connecting arc plate 41 contacts the side wall of the rotating cam 2.

4 and 6, the connecting arc plate 41 cooperates with the extrusion plate 3 to crush the waste, reduce the size of the channel between the rotating cam 2 and the inner wall of the casing 1, thereby changing the movement trajectory of the extrusion plate 3, reducing the large-scale movement of the extrusion plate 3, allowing the extrusion plate 3 to run smoothly, and reducing the probability of the waste falling directly along the gap between the rotating cam 2 and the extrusion plate 3 without being crushed.

2, 3 and 6, the side wall of the rotating cam 2 is connected with a plurality of combing teeth 5, the plurality of combing teeth 5 are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating cam 2, and the combing teeth 5 are slidably connected with shearing teeth 6 which can cooperate with the combing teeth 5 to cut the steel bars.

2, 3 and 6, as the rotating cam 2 rotates, the combing teeth 5 comb the steel bars inside the casing 1, and the shearing teeth 6 move and shear the steel bars into small sections, which is convenient for the unloading of the steel bars and the subsequent transportation and recycling of the steel bars, thereby reducing the negative impact of the steel bars in the waste on the crushing process of the device, facilitating the movement and crushing of the waste in the casing 1, and thus improving the crushing effect of the device.

2, 3 and 7, the inner wall of the housing 1 is provided with a control member 61 for controlling the shearing teeth 6 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the rotating cam 2. The control member 61 includes two groups of control plates 62, each group of control plates 62 is composed of a plurality of control plates 62, and the two groups of control plates 62 are staggered in the circumferential direction of the rotating cam 2. The control plates 62 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 1, and the rotating cam 2 rotates counterclockwise. The control plates 62 are provided with a control groove 63 whose depth gradually decreases in the counterclockwise rotation direction of the rotating cam 2. The plurality of shearing teeth 6 are connected to a sliding plate 64, and the sliding plate 64 is slidably connected to the combing teeth 5. The end of the sliding plate 64 is connected to a control shaft 65 that can slide in the control groove 63.

Referring to Figures 2, 3 and 7, when the shearing teeth 6 move to one end of the control shaft 65 and slide into one of the control slots 63, as the rotating cam 2 rotates, the depth of the control slot 63 changes, the position of the control shaft 65 changes, and drives the sliding plate 64 and the shearing teeth 6 to move, and the shearing teeth 6 and the combing teeth 5 cooperate to complete the shearing of the steel bars, thereby improving the automation of the device. Since the two groups of control plates 62 are staggered, the control shafts 65 at both ends of the sliding plate 64 are staggered and abut against one of the control plates 62, and the control plate 62 pushes the control shaft 65, so that the sliding plate 64 and the shearing teeth 6 move, and then the shearing teeth 6 cut the steel bars.

8 , three control plates 62 are provided, and the three control plates 62 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating cam 2 .

2 , 3 and 8 , the steel bars can be sheared multiple times to facilitate the unloading of the steel bars and avoid the situation where the steel bars are retained inside the casing 1 as much as possible.

Referring to Fig. 6, two groups of crushing plates 4 are respectively connected to the proximal end and the distal end of the rotating cam 2, and another group of crushing plates 4 and combing teeth 5 are arranged along the radial direction of the rotating cam 2. This is beneficial to improving the angular dynamic balance of the rotating cam 2, improving the stability of operation, and extending the service life of the device.

4, 5 and 8, a limit plate 8 is provided at the bottom of the housing 1 to cooperate with the rotating cam 2 to clamp the crushed waste. A guide rod 81 is slidably connected to the housing 1, and a transfer block 33 is hinged between one end of the guide rod 81 located in the housing 1 and the side wall of the limit plate 8, and one end of the guide rod 81 located in the housing 1 is connected to a stop plate 82, and a compression spring 83 is sleeved on the guide rod 81, and the two ends of the compression spring 83 are respectively connected to the stop plate 82 and the inner wall of the housing 1.

4, 5 and 8, under the action of the compression spring 83, the limit plate 8 cooperates with the rotating cam 2 and the crushing plate 4 to slow down the falling speed of the crushed waste, avoid the crushed waste from falling directly downward as much as possible, weaken the impact force when the waste is discharged, and reduce the damage caused by the waste discharge to other devices and planes.

The implementation principle of a construction waste crushing device according to an embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

The waste is put into the casing 1 through the feed port 11 on the casing 1. As the rotating cam 2 rotates, the waste is brought to the bottom of the extrusion plate 3 located at the top of the casing 1. The rotating cam 2 and the crushing plate 4 cooperate with the extrusion plate 3 to perform the initial crushing on the waste. The waste continues to move, and the rotating cam 2 and the crushing plate 4 cooperate with the extrusion plate 3 located in the middle of the casing 1 to crush the waste again. The crushed waste moves downward, and the rotating cam 2 and the crushing plate 4 cooperate with the limit plate 8 to hinder the falling speed of the waste, so that the waste is discharged smoothly.

In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A construction waste crushing device, comprising a housing (1), a rotating cam (2) rotatably disposed in the housing (1), and a plurality of extrusion plates (3) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing (1), characterized in that: The housing (1) is provided with a driving member (31) for driving the extrusion plate (3) to rotate; the side wall of the rotating cam (2) is connected to a plurality of groups of crushing plates (4) capable of cooperating with the extrusion plate (3) to crush waste; the plurality of groups of crushing plates (4) are arranged along the circumference of the rotating cam (2); The side wall of the rotating cam (2) is connected to a plurality of combing teeth (5) arranged along the axial direction of the rotating cam (2), and the combing teeth (5) are slidably connected to a plurality of shearing teeth (6) capable of cooperating with the combing teeth and shearing the steel bars. 2. A construction waste crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the crushing plates (4) are provided in three groups, two groups of the crushing plates (4) are respectively connected to the proximal end and the distal end of the rotating cam (2), and the other group of the crushing plates (4) and the combing teeth (5) are arranged along the radial direction of the rotating cam (2). 3. The construction waste crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top end of the crushing plate (4) is connected to a connecting arc plate (41) whose rear end can contact the side wall of the rotating cam (2). 4. The construction waste crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: a control member (61) for controlling the shearing teeth (6) to move back and forth along the axial direction of the rotating cam (2) is provided on the inner wall of the housing (1). 5. A construction waste crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the control member (61) comprises two groups of control plates (62) respectively fixedly connected to the two side walls of the casing (1), each group of control plates (62) is composed of a plurality of control plates (62), the two groups of control plates (62) are staggered in the circumferential direction of the rotating cam (2), the plurality of shear teeth (6) are fixedly connected to a sliding plate (64), the sliding plate (64) is slidably connected to the combing teeth (5), the end of the sliding plate (64) is connected to a control shaft (65), and the control plate (62) is provided with a control groove (63) matching the control shaft (65). 6. The construction waste crushing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: a plurality of control panels (62) are provided, and the plurality of control panels (62) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating cam (2). 7. A construction waste crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving member (31) includes a driving cylinder (32), one end of the extrusion plate (3) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the casing (1), and a transfer block (33) is hinged between the other end of the extrusion plate (3) and the output end of the driving cylinder (32). 8. The construction waste crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the extrusion plates (3) are provided in two groups and are respectively arranged at the top and the middle of the casing (1). 9. A construction waste crushing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: a limit plate (8) capable of cooperating with a rotating cam (2) to clamp the crushed waste is provided at the bottom of the housing (1).