CN118450592A - High-frequency side coupling proton linear accelerator - Google Patents
High-frequency side coupling proton linear accelerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN118450592A CN118450592A CN202410624032.2A CN202410624032A CN118450592A CN 118450592 A CN118450592 A CN 118450592A CN 202410624032 A CN202410624032 A CN 202410624032A CN 118450592 A CN118450592 A CN 118450592A
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H9/00—Linear accelerators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
- H05H7/22—Details of linear accelerators, e.g. drift tubes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H2242/00—Auxiliary systems
- H05H2242/10—Cooling arrangements
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Particle Accelerators (AREA)
Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of high-frequency particle accelerator manufacturing, and particularly relates to a high-frequency side coupling proton linear accelerator; the device comprises: the accelerating cavities, the coupling cavities of the unit group couplers, the radio frequency feed-in cavities and the coupling cavities are alternately distributed on two sides of the accelerating cavities, a plurality of accelerating cavities and the coupling cavities form an accelerating group unit, and at the tail end of one accelerating group unit, the coupling cavities of the unit group couplers are combined into a complete cavity through the coupling cavities and are communicated with the radio frequency feed-in cavities through two arc-shaped coupling holes which are mutually at 90 degrees. The device adopts the high frequency source to accelerate the proton, has improved acceleration efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of high-frequency particle accelerator manufacturing, and particularly relates to a high-frequency side coupling proton linear accelerator.
Background
Particle accelerators are complex scientific devices that utilize a specific pattern of electromagnetic fields to orient charged particles (e.g., electrons, protons, helium nuclei, and other heavy ions) in a high vacuum environment while increasing energy to a target value. The linear accelerator is a resonant device for accelerating the linear track of charged particles by utilizing a high-frequency electric field, has obvious advantages compared with other types of accelerators, has high particle injection and extraction efficiency, and can properly increase an accelerating structure to improve energy according to different requirements on beam current. Common proton linac structures are rf four-stage linac, drift tube linac, side-coupled linac, etc.
The traditional proton accelerator with the energy range of more than 100MeV has the defects that the proton accelerator device cannot be widely popularized due to factors such as huge volume, high cost and the like, and the medium-energy proton beam has high utilization value and is commonly applied to insect pest defense, irradiation breeding, irradiation reinforcement, proton treatment and the like. The single period structure has the greatest shunt impedance when operating in pi mode, but when the number of cavities increases to some extent, the accelerator operation is very unstable, and the increase in resonant mode results in easy excitation of adjacent modes when operating in pi mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a high-frequency side-coupled proton linear accelerator, which solves the problems that when the number of cavities is increased to a certain extent, the accelerator is very unstable to operate, and the adjacent mode is easy to excite due to the increase of resonance modes when the accelerator operates in a pi mode state.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the application comprises the following steps:
the embodiment of the application provides a high-frequency side coupling proton linear accelerator, which comprises the following components: accelerating cavity, coupling cavity of unit group coupler, radio frequency feed-in cavity,
The coupling cavities are alternately distributed on two sides of the accelerating cavity, a plurality of accelerating cavities and the coupling cavities form an accelerating group unit, and at the tail end of one accelerating group unit, the coupling cavities of the unit group coupler are combined into a complete cavity through the coupling cavities and are communicated with the radio frequency feed-in cavity through two arc coupling holes which are mutually at 90 degrees.
Optionally, the accelerating cavity is coupled to the coupling cavity through an accelerating cavity coupling hole.
Optionally, the acceleration chamber includes: the fast cavity beam current transmission hole, the nose cone and the first chamfer;
The fast cavity beam transmission hole provides a transmission channel for charged particles; high voltage is generated near the nose cone to provide acceleration voltage for charged particles; the first chamfer at both ends prevents tip rf breakdown.
Optionally, the accelerating cavities at the head and tail ends of the accelerating group unit are all grooved at the edges of the cavity of the end cavity to form a protruding tuning ring.
Alternatively, two sides of the radio frequency feed-in cavity are respectively communicated with the coupling cavities of the unit group couplers through two arc coupling holes forming 90 degrees with each other, and are coupled with the rectangular waveguide through the radio frequency coupling holes at the top of the cavity of the radio frequency feed-in cavity, and energy is fed into the accelerator through the klystron.
Optionally, the top ends of the radio frequency feed-in cavities are all provided with elliptical holes, so that the klystron feeds in radio frequency energy to the accelerator through the rectangular waveguide.
Optionally, the accelerating group unit is obtained by welding a plurality of processing modules, and the processing modules are obtained by processing and hollowing out one oxygen-free copper with half accelerating cavities and half coupling cavities.
The beneficial technical effects of the application are as follows:
(1) According to the high-frequency side-coupled proton linear accelerator provided by the embodiment of the application, the high-frequency source is adopted to accelerate the protons, so that the acceleration efficiency is improved; the operation mode of the side coupling acceleration structure is pi/2 mode, but the operation mode of the acceleration cavity can be similar to pi mode, and the whole length of the accelerator is greatly shortened; the operation mode is pi/2 mode, and the adjacent mode is not easy to excite when the multi-cavity operation is performed, so that the whole operation of the accelerator is stable.
(2) In the whole accelerator process, the radius of the accelerating cavity and the radius of the coupling cavity of the high-frequency side coupling proton linear accelerator provided by the embodiment of the application are not changed, so that the processing cost is greatly reduced; the accelerating cavity is made of oxygen-free copper, so that the overall heat dissipation capacity is improved, and the influence of temperature on the beam quality is reduced; the beam led out by the accelerator has wide application, such as irradiation breeding, radiation strengthening, tumor treatment, nuclear physics experiments, and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a proton linear accelerator with high frequency side coupling according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an acceleration cavity in a high-frequency side-coupled proton linear acceleration device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupling cavity in a high-frequency side-coupled proton linear accelerator according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency feed-in cavity in a high-frequency side-coupled proton linear accelerator according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an acceleration cavity at the front end and the rear end of an acceleration group unit in a high-frequency side-coupled proton linear acceleration device according to an embodiment of the present application.
In the figure:
1-an acceleration chamber; 101-accelerating cavity beam transport aperture; 102-nose cone; 103-first chamfering; a 2-coupling cavity; 3-unit group coupler coupling cavities; 4-a radio frequency feed cavity; 5-end cavity; 501-end cavity beam transmission holes; 502-a second chamfer; 503-tuning a ring; 6-beam transmission holes; 7-rectangular waveguide; 8-a radio frequency coupling hole; 9-accelerating cavity coupling holes; 11-coupling holes.
Detailed Description
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent that the embodiments described below are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without any inventive effort, are within the scope of the present application based on the embodiments described herein.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the embodiments of the present application and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, the structure of a high-frequency side-coupled proton linear accelerator according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.
The embodiment of the application provides a high-frequency side coupling proton linear accelerator, which comprises: an accelerating cavity 1, a coupling cavity 2, a coupling cavity 3 of a unit group coupler, a radio frequency feed-in cavity 4,
The coupling cavities 2 are alternately distributed on two sides of the accelerating cavity 1, a plurality of accelerating cavities 1 and the coupling cavities 2 form an accelerating group unit, and at the tail end of one accelerating group unit, the coupling cavity 3 of the unit group coupler is combined with one half of the coupling cavities 2 to form a complete cavity, is communicated with the radio frequency feed-in cavity 4 through two arc coupling holes forming 90 degrees with each other and plays a role of radio frequency coupling. The arc coupling holes are mutually formed at 90 degrees, so that the coupling coefficients of the coupling cavities of the two-unit-group coupler are effectively reduced.
In practice, the acceleration chamber 1 may be coupled to the coupling chamber 2 through an acceleration chamber coupling hole 9. The coupling cavity 2 does not contribute to particle acceleration, and only plays a role of radio frequency coupling, so that the equivalent operation mode of the acceleration cavity which integrally operates in pi/2 mode is pi mode, and the overall structure is more compact, as shown in fig. 3.
In one example, as shown in fig. 2, the acceleration chamber 1 includes: a fast cavity beam transmission hole 101, a nose cone 102 and a first chamfer 103;
The fast cavity beam transmission hole 101 provides a transmission channel for charged particles; high voltage is generated near the nose cone 102 to provide acceleration voltage for charged particles; the first chamfer 103 at both ends prevents tip rf breakdown.
In order to maintain the overall beam transmission efficiency of the beam as a whole, the beam transmission hole 101 is kept unchanged during the whole beam transmission process; the nose cone 102 high pressure characterizes the overall high frequency characteristics of the accelerator, and in order to maintain overall acceleration efficiency, the nose cone parameters are typically kept unchanged; chamfer 103 prevents radio frequency breakdown.
In another example, because the access of the two end cavities breaks the periodic structure that would otherwise have had only the accelerating cavity coupling cavity perfectly running pi/2, in order to maintain a smooth distribution of the electric field in the accelerating cavity, the end cavities need to be trimmed to accommodate the original periodic structure, thereby introducing a tuning ring 503. Other cavity parameters remain unchanged to maintain the high frequency characteristics. As shown in fig. 5, the accelerating cavities at the front and rear ends of the accelerating group unit are slotted to form protruding tuning rings 503 for the edges of the end cavities 5.
In some possible implementations of the embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 4, two sides of the rf feed-in cavity 4 are respectively communicated with the coupling cavity 3 of the unit group coupler through two arc-shaped coupling holes 11 forming 90 ° with each other, and are coupled with the rectangular waveguide 7 through the rf coupling holes 8 at the top of the cavity of the rf feed-in cavity 4, and feed energy into the accelerator through the klystron.
In one example, the top ends of the rf feed cavities 4 are each provided with an elliptical hole so that the klystron feeds rf energy to the accelerator through a rectangular waveguide.
In another example, the accelerating group unit is obtained by welding a plurality of processing modules, and the processing modules are obtained by processing and hollowing out one oxygen-free copper with half accelerating cavities and half coupling cavities.
When the device is processed, the beam acceleration efficiency of a single acceleration cavity 1 is lower, so that in the same acceleration group unit, the length of the acceleration cavity 1 is kept unchanged, the next acceleration group unit is matched with the proton beam introduced by the previous acceleration group unit to properly increase the length of the acceleration cavity, and the parameters of the coupling cavity are kept unchanged. Therefore, for processing a single accelerating group unit, a half accelerating cavity and a half coupling cavity of an oxygen-free copper can be processed and hollowed out, and a plurality of processed modules are welded through a welding process to form a complete accelerating group unit.
The half cavities of the coupling cavities 3 of the two side unit group couplers coupled with the radio frequency feed-in cavity are respectively combined with the half cavities of the coupling cavities 2 of the front end and the rear end of the unit of the accelerating group and the half cavities 2 of the coupling cavity 2 of the front end through a welding process to form a complete coupling cavity 3 of the unit group coupler.
The top ends of the radio frequency feed-in cavities 4 are provided with elliptical holes so that the klystron feeds in radio frequency energy to the accelerator through the rectangular waveguide.
The end cavity edges at the head and tail ends of the accelerator 1 are slotted to form a tuning ring 503.
The present application has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and the embodiments, but the present application is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application. The application may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.
Claims (7)
1. A high frequency side-coupled proton linear accelerator apparatus, comprising: an accelerating cavity (1), a coupling cavity (2), a coupling cavity (3) of a unit group coupler, a radio frequency feed-in cavity (4),
The coupling cavities (2) are alternately distributed on two sides of the accelerating cavity (1), a plurality of accelerating cavities (1) and the coupling cavities (2) form an accelerating group unit, and at the tail end of one accelerating group unit, the coupling cavities (3) of the unit group coupler are combined into a complete cavity through the coupling cavities (2) and are communicated with the radio frequency feed-in cavity (4) through two arc coupling holes which are mutually at 90 degrees.
2. The high-frequency side-coupled proton linear accelerator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the accelerator chamber (1) is coupled to the coupling chamber (2) via an accelerator chamber coupling hole (9).
3. The high-frequency side-coupled proton linear accelerator apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the accelerator chamber (1) comprises: the fast cavity beam transmission hole (101), the nose cone (102) and the first chamfer (103);
The fast cavity beam transmission hole (101) provides a transmission channel for charged particles; high voltage is generated near the nose cone (102) to provide acceleration voltage for charged particles; the first chamfer (103) at both ends prevents tip rf breakdown.
4. A high frequency side coupled proton linear accelerator as claimed in claim 3, wherein the accelerating cavities at the front and rear ends of the accelerating group unit are slotted to form protruding tuning rings (503) for the edges of the end cavities (5).
5. The high-frequency side-coupled proton linear accelerator according to claim 1, wherein the two sides of the radio frequency feed-in cavity (4) are respectively communicated with the coupling cavity (3) of the unit group coupler through two arc coupling holes forming 90 degrees with each other, and the top of the cavity of the radio frequency feed-in cavity (4) is coupled with the rectangular waveguide (7) through the radio frequency coupling hole (8) and feeds energy into the accelerator through the klystron.
6. The high-frequency side-coupled proton linear accelerator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top ends of the radio frequency feed-in cavities (4) are each provided with an elliptical hole, so that the klystron feeds in radio frequency energy to the accelerator through the rectangular waveguide.
7. The high-frequency side-coupled proton linear accelerator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the accelerating group unit is obtained by welding a plurality of processing modules, and the processing modules are obtained by processing and hollowing out one oxygen-free copper with half accelerating cavities and half coupling cavities.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410624032.2A CN118450592A (en) | 2024-05-20 | 2024-05-20 | High-frequency side coupling proton linear accelerator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410624032.2A CN118450592A (en) | 2024-05-20 | 2024-05-20 | High-frequency side coupling proton linear accelerator |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN118450592A true CN118450592A (en) | 2024-08-06 |
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| CN202410624032.2A Pending CN118450592A (en) | 2024-05-20 | 2024-05-20 | High-frequency side coupling proton linear accelerator |
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- 2024-05-20 CN CN202410624032.2A patent/CN118450592A/en active Pending
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