CN118431762B

CN118431762B - All-metal dual-polarized base station antenna with self-reflection performance

Info

Publication number: CN118431762B
Application number: CN202410631375.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈益凯; 张合佳; 杨仕文
Original assignee: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Current assignee: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Priority date: 2024-05-21
Filing date: 2024-05-21
Publication date: 2025-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 2044-05-21
Also published as: CN118431762A

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of antenna technology, and relates to an all-metal dual-polarization base station antenna with self-reflection performance, including a low-performance frequency selective surface, a first parasitic radiator, a main radiator, a second parasitic radiator, a coaxial feeder and a metal column. The present invention adjusts the coupling effect between the three layers of radiators and sets up the antenna above the low-performance frequency selective surface, so that the performance of the base station antenna working at 1.42-2.17GHz can be met without relying on the floor. The base station antenna of the present invention reduces the complexity of the frequency selective surface design in the multi-band co-aperture base station antenna array architecture. At the same time, the present invention is an all-metal antenna with high voltage resistance and power capacity, and can be applied to more communication scenarios.

Description

All-metal dual-polarized base station antenna with self-reflection performance

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of antenna engineering, in particular to an all-metal dual-polarized base station antenna with self-reflection performance and an array, which are used for eliminating dependence on ground reflection performance by utilizing the self-reflection performance of the base station antenna and reducing the complexity of frequency selection surface design in a multi-band co-aperture base station antenna array.

Background

With the rapid development of modern communication systems, the performance of the base station antenna needs to reach a higher level in order to cope with the rapidly increasing communication traffic demand and to adapt to the application scenario of the fifth generation communication system. In order to reduce occupation of space resources and simultaneously work with an early communication system, the multi-band common-caliber base station antenna array has become a dominant trend of the development of base station antennas in the 5G era, and the form can not only effectively utilize resources and reduce cost, but also meet the requirements of different communication technologies and provide more stable and efficient communication services for users.

One of the current commonly used multi-band common-caliber base station antenna array architectures is an antenna-frequency selective surface-antenna, the architecture can enable signals in different frequency bands to be effectively transmitted through the same antenna system, the service efficiency of an antenna array port surface and the overall performance of the system are improved, but the architecture has high performance requirements on the frequency selective surface, a multi-layer frequency selective surface cascading mode is generally adopted for achieving good passband stop band transition performance, the manufacturing cost is greatly improved, and the requirements of the base station antenna on the size, the weight and the production cost are difficult to meet.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, an all-metal dual polarized base station antenna having self-reflection performance has significant advantages. Firstly, the antenna is erected above the low-performance frequency selection surface, so that the requirements of various indexes of the base station antenna, including unidirectionality, high gain, high cross polarization suppression ratio, wide beam width and the like, can be met without depending on the reflection performance of the floor, and the design difficulty of the frequency selection surface in the antenna-frequency selection-antenna common-caliber framework is reduced. Secondly, the antenna is an all-metal base station antenna, has higher withstand voltage and power capacity than the base station antenna of the traditional PCB process, and can be applied to more communication scenes.

In 2024, document "Frequency-SELECTIVE SURFACES WITH QUASIELLIPTIC BANDPASS RESPONSE FOR FILTERING FRA Application" proposes a Frequency selective surface of an AFA structure, which is formed by sandwiching a floor by two layers of antennas, and realizes high-steepness drop characteristics by introducing radiation zero points of two patch antennas to obtain Frequency selective transmission zero points. However, the antenna has a three-layer structure, a vertical structure and complex and difficult design, 2021, document "Dual-Band Shared-Aperture Base Station Antenna Array With Electromagnetic Transparent Antenna Elements" proposes an electromagnetic transparency concept, and by designing a base station antenna integrated with a frequency selective surface, the electromagnetic transparency of a low-frequency antenna unit to a 3.3-3.8GHz high-frequency antenna array is realized, and basically no influence is caused to the radiation of the high-frequency array. However, the electromagnetic transparency has higher design complexity and the bandwidth of electromagnetic transparency in the current design is narrower. In 2024, the document "Wideband Dual-Polarized ANTENNA WITH HIGH SELECTIVITY for 5G Sub-6-GHz Base Station Applications" proposes a filter antenna having a wide impedance bandwidth and high selectivity, and the authors obtain radiation zeros using a grid structure and four T-shaped strips, thereby achieving a filter characteristic. But he inevitably increases the width of the base station antenna, failing to achieve the goal of a compact design.

Aiming at the problems, the invention discloses an all-metal dual-polarized base station antenna with self-reflection performance.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the background technology, the invention provides an all-metal dual-polarized base station antenna with self-reflection performance, which is formed by three layers of all-metal radiators and is dual-polarized radiation, and the floor for erecting the antenna is replaced by a low-performance frequency selective surface, so that the performance of the dual-polarized base station antenna is realized. The invention reduces the dependence of the base station antenna on the floor reflection performance, and can be better applied to the 5G communication multi-band common-caliber base station antenna scene.

To achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention adopts the following solution:

The embodiment of the invention provides an all-metal dual-polarized base station antenna unit with self-reflection performance, which comprises a first parasitic radiator, a main radiator, a second parasitic radiator, a low-performance frequency selection surface, a coaxial feeder line and a metal support column, wherein the first parasitic radiator is arranged on the main radiator;

The first parasitic radiator is a first cross metal dipole piece with a center connected with the center, pentagonal grooves are formed in four arms of the dipole, edges of the dipole are electrically connected with the center through a metal strip, two first metal coupling columns are arranged in a group, the four groups are respectively located at the edges of the four arms of the first parasitic radiator, four round holes are formed in the center of the first parasitic radiator, and a dual-polarized port feed coaxial line and two metal support columns are respectively fixed.

The main radiator is a pair of orthogonally placed dual polarized dipoles. The two arms of the dipole in the same polarization direction are connected by metal strips, wherein the metal strips of one polarization are bent at the intersections to prevent contact. The dipole arms are octagonal annular metal sheets, the edges of the four arms of the main radiator are respectively fixed with a second metal coupling post extending downwards, the two dipoles of the main radiator are fed through a coaxial line at the center of one arm, and the main radiator is fixed below the other dipole arm by a metal support post.

The second parasitic radiator is a second cross dipole piece connected with the center, square grooves are formed in the four arms of the dipole, two rectangular pieces extend from the center to the four arms respectively, and the metal guide posts penetrate through and are fixed on the edges of the four arms of the cross dipole, so that more parts are exposed above the metal guide posts.

Further, the low performance frequency selective surface is a simple 9 x 9 periodic structure of a single layer printed on a dielectric substrate having a thickness of 0.8mm and a dielectric constant of 2.2. The low-performance frequency selective surface is provided with a cylindrical through hole, and the coaxial cable and the metal support column are electrically connected with the first parasitic radiator and the main radiator through the cylindrical through hole, so that fixation is realized in a welding mode.

In a second aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides an all-metal dual-polarized base station antenna array with self-reflection performance, which is formed by arranging all-metal dual-polarized base station antenna units with self-reflection performance according to any one of claims 1-6 in a mode of 2×2, wherein in the all-metal dual-polarized base station antenna array with self-reflection performance, the center distance between the antenna units is 0.52 λ, and λ is the wavelength corresponding to the working center frequency of the antenna.

In summary, the invention has the advantages that:

The invention considers the high complexity of the frequency selection surface design in the multi-band common-caliber base station antenna, firstly realizes the purpose of providing certain reflection performance by using the base station antenna, reduces the requirement of the frequency selection surface on good steep performance of transmission coefficient in the multi-band common-caliber base station antenna array design, gets rid of the dependence of the base station antenna on the floor, simultaneously makes the all-metal base station antenna design, improves the voltage resistance and the power capacity of the antenna, and enables the base station antenna to be applied to more communication scenes.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an all-metal dual-polarized base station antenna unit with self-reflection performance according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of an all-metal dual polarized base station antenna element structure with self-reflecting properties of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a front view of a first parasitic radiator in the antenna element structure shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a front view of a main radiator in the antenna element structure shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a front view of a second parasitic radiator in the antenna element structure shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an array structure of an all-metal dual polarized base station antenna with self-reflection performance according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a dual polarized port reflection coefficient of the antenna structure shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a main polarization gain plot for the antenna structure of fig. 1.

Fig. 9 is a main polarization and cross polarization gain pattern of the antenna element of fig. 1

Fig. 10 is a graph of the front-to-back ratio simulation results of the main polarization gain pattern of the antenna structure of fig. 1.

Fig. 11 is a graph of simulation results of reflection coefficients of respective unit ports of the antenna array shown in fig. 6.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the examples of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the examples of the present invention, and the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the specific operating states of the antennas listed below.

Reference is made to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.

An all-metal dual-polarized base station antenna with self-reflection performance is composed of a first parasitic radiator 1, a main radiator 2, a second parasitic radiator 3 and a low-performance frequency selective surface 4.

The first parasitic radiator 1 comprises a first cross dipole 1.1, a metal support pillar 1.2, a first metal coupling pillar 1.3 and a central opening 1.4. The first cross dipole 1.1 is connected at the center, square grooves are formed on four arms and the center and the edge are connected by metal strips, a metal support column penetrates through the first cross dipole 1.1 to fix the first parasitic radiator 1 and the main radiator 2 on the low-performance frequency selective surface 4, and the center opening 1.4 is convenient for the feed coaxial line 2.2 to pass through.

The main radiator 2 comprises a dual polarized dipole 2.1, a feeding coaxial line 2.2, a second metal coupling post 2.3 and a feeding metal strip 2.4. The dual-polarized dipoles 2.1 are orthogonally placed, heptagon grooves are respectively formed on four arms, the feed coaxial lines 2.2 are respectively fed at the centers of the dual-polarized dipoles, the inner conductors are connected with the corresponding dipole arms through feed metal strips 2.4, and second metal coupling posts 2.3 are fixed at the edges of the four arms of the dual-polarized dipoles, so that the coupling with the first parasitic radiator can be adjusted, and the unidirectional radiation performance is realized.

The second parasitic radiator 3 comprises a second cross dipole 3.1 and a metal director 3.2. The center of the second cross dipole 3.1 is connected, square grooves are formed in the four arms respectively, two metal strips extend out of the center of the square grooves, and the metal guide posts 3.2 penetrate through and are fixed at the edges of the four arms of the dipole, so that a guide effect is achieved, and the unidirectional performance of the antenna is improved.

The low-performance frequency selective surface 4 is a single-layer 9×9 periodic structure printed on a dielectric substrate with the thickness of 0.8mm, the material of the dielectric substrate is Rogers duroid 5880, the relative dielectric constant is 2.2, the distance between the dielectric substrate and the first parasitic radiator 1 is 0.05λ, wherein λ is the wavelength corresponding to the working center frequency of the antenna

Referring to fig. 6, the all-metal dual-polarized base station antenna array with the self-reflection performance is formed by arranging all-metal dual-polarized base station antenna units in a mode of 2×2, wherein in the all-metal dual-polarized base station antenna array with the self-reflection performance, the center distance of the antenna units is 0.52 λ, and λ is the wavelength corresponding to the working center frequency of the antenna.

The antenna performance is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

fig. 7 shows the reflection coefficient of the dual polarized base station antenna in the LB frequency band according to the above embodiment, wherein the horizontal axis represents the frequency and the vertical axis represents the reflection coefficient.

Fig. 8 is a main polarization gain curve of the dual polarized base station antenna in the LB frequency band according to the above embodiment.

Fig. 9 is a main polarization and cross polarization gain pattern of the dual polarized base station antenna in the LB frequency band according to the above embodiment.

Fig. 10 is a graph of the simulation result of the front-to-back ratio of the main polarization gain pattern of the dual polarized base station antenna in the LB frequency band according to the above embodiment.

Fig. 11 is a graph showing simulation results of reflection coefficients of ports of each unit of the dual polarized base station antenna array in the LB frequency band according to the above embodiment.

The above description and embodiments are only a few preferred examples of the present application and do not limit the present application in any way, and various modifications and variations of the present application are possible to those skilled in the art, but modifications and variations based on the idea of the present application are still within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An all-metal dual-polarization base station antenna with self-reflection performance, characterized in that it comprises a low-performance frequency selective surface, a first parasitic radiator, a main radiator, and a second parasitic radiator placed in sequence from bottom to top; the first parasitic radiator is fixed above the simple low-performance frequency selective surface; the main radiator is fixed above the first parasitic radiator by a metal column; the second parasitic radiator is fixed above the main radiator;

The first parasitic radiator comprises a first metal sheet, a metal support column and a first metal coupling column; rectangular grooves are dug on the four arms of the first metal sheet, and the edges and the center are electrically connected through metal strips; the metal support column passes through the first parasitic radiator, is fixed to the low-performance frequency selective surface at the bottom, and is connected to the main radiator at the top, so as to support the first parasitic radiator and the main radiator; the first metal coupling columns are grouped in two, and the four groups are respectively fixed to the edges of the four arms of the first parasitic radiator;

The main radiator includes a pair of dipole metal sheets, a feeding coaxial line, a feeding metal strip and a second coupling metal column; the dipole metal sheet is an octagonal structure, and the dipole arms in the same direction are connected by the feeding metal strip; the feeding coaxial line passes through the dipole metal sheet, and the inner conductor is connected to the other arm of the dipole through the feeding metal strip; the second coupling metal column is four rectangular parallelepiped columns, which are respectively fixed below the edges of the four arms of the dipole;

The second parasitic radiator includes a second metal sheet and a metal guide column; the second metal sheet is composed of two dipoles placed crosswise and connected at the center, square grooves are opened on the four arms of the dipole, and two parallel rectangular metal sheets extend from the center to the four arms respectively; the metal guide column is a cylindrical metal column fixed and passing through the edge of the second metal sheet.

2. According to the all-metal dual-polarized base station antenna with self-reflection performance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the all-metal dual-polarized base station antenna array with self-reflection performance, the horizontal spacing between the center points of the antenna units is 0.52λ; wherein λ is the wavelength corresponding to the working center frequency of the antenna.