CN118419911B - Hard carbon negative electrode manufacturing equipment with high cycle performance for sodium ion battery - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a hard carbon negative electrode manufacturing device with high cycle performance for a sodium ion battery, belonging to the technical field of preparation of sodium ion battery electrode materials, comprising: the washing and drying system is used for washing and drying biomass raw materials by adopting an ultrasonic cleaner, a pyrolysis carbonization system is arranged outside the washing and drying system, powdery carbonized products are fully mixed with organic compounds through a mixing system to form a mixture, a ball milling mechanism is arranged outside the mixing system, the ball milling mechanism is used for carrying out grinding treatment on the mixture to obtain a hard carbon precursor, and a high-temperature carbonization system is arranged outside the ball milling mechanism; the invention can circularly convey specific atmosphere to the grinding tank in the ball milling mechanism to control the oxidation-reduction environment in the grinding tank so as to protect the hard carbon precursor, thereby improving the intercalation and deintercalation efficiency of sodium ions in the hard carbon material and enhancing the cycle performance of the sodium ion battery.

Description

A hard carbon negative electrode manufacturing device with high cycle performance for sodium ion batteries

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of sodium ion battery electrode material preparation, and specifically is a hard carbon negative electrode manufacturing device with high cycle performance for sodium ion batteries.

Background Art

Among various new energy storage systems, sodium ion batteries have the advantages of low production cost, high safety, and rich element reserves. At the same time, sodium ion batteries have a similar working principle to lithium ion batteries, so sodium ion batteries are considered to be an ideal new energy storage device. At present, the preparation of sodium ion battery negative electrode materials is mostly formed through high temperature, carbonization, ball milling, mixing and other steps. When it comes to ball milling mixing treatment, creating a uniform atmosphere environment can ensure that the material reaches the expected reaction conditions during the preparation process, which has a direct impact on the material properties and cycle performance of the final material. The ball milling mechanism in the prior art is mostly temporarily pressurized by using a sealed storage tank. Although it has a certain airtightness, the atmosphere cannot be fully circulated in the storage tank, resulting in that the material in some areas cannot fully contact the required atmosphere. At the same time, heat will be generated during the ball milling process, especially during long-term high-speed grinding. The accumulation of heat causes the temperature in the tank to rise, affecting the stability of the atmosphere and the thermal stability of the material; Therefore, it is necessary to provide a hard carbon negative electrode manufacturing device with high cycle performance for sodium ion batteries to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

Summary of the invention

To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a hard carbon negative electrode manufacturing equipment with high cycle performance for sodium ion batteries, comprising: a washing and drying system, which uses an ultrasonic cleaning machine to wash and dry biomass raw materials, a pyrolysis carbonization system is arranged outside the washing and drying system, the pyrolysis carbonization system pyrolyzes the biomass through a high-temperature furnace, and crushes it after cooling to form a carbonized product, the powdered carbonized product is fully mixed with an organic compound through a mixing system to form a mixture, a ball milling mechanism is arranged outside the mixing system, the ball milling mechanism grinds the mixture to obtain a hard carbon precursor, a high-temperature carbonization system is arranged outside the ball milling mechanism, the high-temperature carbonization system carbonizes the hard carbon precursor at high temperature after an inert gas is introduced, the obtained product is cleaned and dried after active doping, and finally forms a hard carbon negative electrode material;

The ball mill mechanism is provided with an atmosphere controller, which circulates a specific atmosphere to the grinding tank in the ball mill mechanism to control the redox environment in the grinding tank, so as to protect the hard carbon precursor, thereby improving the embedding and de-embedding efficiency of sodium ions in the hard carbon material and enhancing the cycle performance of the sodium ion battery;

The ball milling mechanism is provided with a monitoring module, and the monitoring module obtains the operating status characteristic data of the ball milling mechanism in real time, and the operating status characteristic data includes but is not limited to the relevant characteristic data of the power, angle, time, ball specification and quantity of the ball milling mechanism. The ball milling mechanism is installed with a main control module, and the main control module analyzes the diffusion distribution characteristics of the hard carbon precursor in the grinding jar according to the capacity volume of the hard carbon precursor in the grinding jar through a preset model combined with the dynamic simulation of the ball milling mechanism state. The atmosphere controller adopts the best circulation ventilation method to convey the atmosphere in the grinding jar based on the obtained diffusion distribution characteristics of the hard carbon precursor, so as to improve the grinding environment and promote the uniformity of the reaction.

Further, as a preference, the ball mill mechanism comprises: a machine base, a planetary gear seat, a side bracket and a rotating shaft; a support seat is fixed to one side of the lower end surface of the machine base, and a rotating shaft is connected to the machine base for transverse rotation, and a mounting frame is arranged on the machine base above the support seat, and the mounting frame is fixed to the rotating shaft;

A planetary gear seat is coaxially arranged in the mounting frame, an outer gear ring of the planetary gear seat is fixed on the mounting frame, a driving shaft is vertically rotatably connected in the mounting frame, the driving shaft is fixed to the central teeth of the planetary gear seat, each of the grinding jars is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the planetary gear of the planetary gear seat, and the lower end of the grinding jar is connected to the planetary gear;

A side bracket is fixed on the mounting frame at a side away from the machine base. The atmosphere controller is mounted on the side bracket and is connected to each grinding jar through a circulating gas transmission mechanism.

Further, preferably, the rotation adjustment angle of the mounting bracket is not greater than 90°.

Further, as a preference, the atmosphere controller comprises: an upper positioning plate, a vent pipe, a sealing seat and a transfer pipe; one side of the upper positioning plate is connected to the mounting frame through a connecting frame, an air pump is fixed on the mounting frame, one end of the air pump is connected to an external air storage tank through an air pipe, an air guide seat is provided on the mounting frame, and an air delivery pipe is connected between the air guide seat and the air pump;

A sealing seat is fixed at the center of the upper positioning plate, and the upper end of the sealing seat is connected to the air guide seat through a ventilation pipe. Each circulating air supply mechanism is sealed and connected above the grinding jar. A shunt pipe is rotatably connected to the sealing seat below the upper positioning plate, and the shunt pipe is connected to the circulating air supply mechanism through a plurality of adapter pipes connected to the sides.

Furthermore, preferably, the ventilation pipe and the adapter tube both adopt a double-layer tube structure, and the outer tube of each adapter tube is sealed and connected with the outer tube of the ventilation pipe, and the inner tube of each adapter tube is sealed and connected with the inner tube of the ventilation pipe; the outer tube of the ventilation pipe is sealed and connected to the air guide seat and connected to the air pump, and the inner tube of the ventilation pipe passes through the air guide seat and is connected to an external collection tank.

Further, as a preference, the circulating gas delivery mechanism comprises: a conduit, which is vertically rotatably connected above the grinding jar, the upper end of the conduit is sealed and rotatably connected to the transfer tube in the atmosphere controller, a first air channel and a second air channel are arranged in the conduit, the first air channel and the second air channel are coaxially arranged at the upper end of the inner part of the conduit, and the first air channel is located outside the second air channel, and the first air channel and the second air channel are arranged side by side at the lower end of the inner part of the conduit;

The grinding jar is provided with a first channel and a second channel respectively, the first channel and the second channel are arranged side by side and are connected to the first airway and the second airway respectively;

A porous tube is arranged at the center of the grinding tank, and the upper end of the porous tube is connected to the second channel;

Annular air chambers are coaxially fixed at the upper and lower parts of the grinding jar, and the lower end of the first channel is connected to the annular air chamber above; and a side flow channel is opened on the side wall of the grinding jar, and the first channel is connected to the annular air chamber below through the side flow channel;

The annular air chamber is provided with a plurality of air holes distributed circumferentially.

Further, as a preference, a sleeve is slidably connected to the grinding jar outside the conduit, the lower end of the sleeve is slidably connected to the grinding jar through a plurality of connecting rods, an air pressure guide cavity is provided in the grinding jar, the lower end of the connecting rod is sealingly slidably connected to the air pressure guide cavity, and an air pressure tube is connected to the outside of the air pressure guide cavity;

An axle pin is horizontally fixed on the side wall of the conduit, and an arc guide groove is opened on the inner wall of the sleeve. The axle pin is slidably connected with the arc guide groove, so that when the sleeve is slidably adjusted up and down, the conduit can generate positive and negative rotation through the sliding connection between the axle pin and the arc guide groove.

Furthermore, preferably, the first air channel can be connected to the first channel or the second channel, and when the first air channel rotates with the catheter to be staggered with the first channel and the second channel, the grinding jar is in a sealed state.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The ball milling mechanism mainly used in the present invention can circulate a special atmosphere during the grinding process of the hard carbon precursor to control the redox environment. On the one hand, it avoids adverse reactions caused by contact between the material and oxygen, protects the precursor structure, and embeds specific elements or compounds to a certain extent to further regulate the material properties; on the other hand, it helps to improve the degree of graphitization of the hard carbon precursor, enhance the conductivity and structural stability, all of which are conducive to improving the embedding and de-embedding efficiency of sodium ions in the hard carbon material, thereby enhancing the cycle performance of the battery.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall process structure of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ball mill mechanism of the present invention;

FIG3 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of an atmosphere controller in the present invention;

FIG4 is a second structural diagram of an atmosphere controller in the present invention;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circulating gas transmission mechanism in the present invention;

FIG6 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in FIG5 ;

In the figure: 1. machine base; 11. mounting frame; 12. planetary gear seat; 13. drive shaft; 14. side bracket; 2. atmosphere controller; 21. upper positioning plate; 22. ventilation pipe; 23. sealing seat; 24. adapter tube; 25. air pump; 26. air guide seat; 27. shunt pipe; 3. grinding jar; 31. first channel; 32. second channel; 33. porous tube; 34. annular air chamber; 35. side flow channel; 4. circulating gas transmission mechanism; 41. conduit; 42. first air channel; 43. second air channel; 5. bushing; 51. air pressure guide chamber; 52. shaft pin.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Please refer to Figures 1 to 6. In the embodiment of the present invention, a hard carbon negative electrode manufacturing device with high cycle performance for sodium ion batteries includes: a washing and drying system, which uses an ultrasonic cleaning machine to wash and dry the biomass raw material to remove impurities and pollutants on the surface. A pyrolysis carbonization system is provided outside the washing and drying system. The pyrolysis carbonization system pyrolyzes the biomass through a high-temperature furnace, and crushes it after cooling to form a carbonized product. The carbonized product after pyrolysis needs to be cooled to room temperature, and then crushed to convert it into fine powder particles. The powdered carbonized product passes through a mixing system. Fully mixing with an organic compound to form a mixture, the organic compound is selected based on its chemical properties and the structure expected to be formed in the subsequent carbonization process, the purpose is to introduce specific functionality into the hard carbon material, such as improving sodium storage performance, enhancing structural stability, etc., the mixing system is provided with a ball milling mechanism outside, the ball milling mechanism grinds the mixture to obtain a hard carbon precursor, the ball milling mechanism is provided with a high-temperature carbonization system outside, the high-temperature carbonization system carbonizes the hard carbon precursor at high temperature after introducing an inert gas, the obtained product is cleaned and dried after active doping, and finally forms a hard carbon negative electrode material;

Among them, an atmosphere controller 2 is provided in the ball milling mechanism, and the atmosphere controller 2 circulates a specific atmosphere to the grinding jar 3 in the ball milling mechanism to control the redox environment in the grinding jar, so as to protect the hard carbon precursor, thereby improving the embedding and de-embedding efficiency of sodium ions in the hard carbon material and enhancing the cycle performance of the sodium ion battery; compared with the existing method of temporarily pressing a special atmosphere into an airtight storage tank, the atmosphere controller in the present invention can effectively ensure the circulation of the atmosphere, ensure that the gas composition and pressure at various locations inside the grinding jar remain consistent, avoid the problem of excessive or low local atmosphere concentration, and at the same time can automatically adjust the flow and pressure of the input gas according to preset parameters to maintain ideal reaction conditions;

The ball milling mechanism is provided with a monitoring module, and the monitoring module obtains the characteristic data of the operation status of the ball milling mechanism in real time. The characteristic data of the operation status includes but is not limited to the relevant characteristic data of the power, angle, time, ball specifications and quantity of the ball milling mechanism. The ball milling mechanism is installed with a main control module, and the main control module analyzes the diffusion distribution characteristics of the hard carbon precursor in the grinding jar 3 according to the capacity volume of the hard carbon precursor in the grinding jar 3 through a preset model combined with the dynamic simulation of the ball milling mechanism state. The atmosphere controller 2 adopts the best circulation ventilation method to transport the atmosphere in the grinding jar 3 based on the obtained diffusion distribution characteristics of the hard carbon precursor, thereby improving the grinding environment and promoting the uniformity of the reaction, thereby avoiding local oversaturation or deficiency of the atmosphere and optimizing the contact reaction conditions of the material. That is, the main control module monitors various parameters in the grinding process (such as power, vibration, temperature, etc.), combined with the real-time diffusion state feedback of the hard carbon precursor, and automatically adjusts the optimization strategy to achieve dynamic regulation of the grinding environment to ensure that it is always in the most suitable reaction state.

In this embodiment, the ball mill mechanism includes: a machine base 1, a planetary gear seat 12, a side bracket 14 and a rotating shaft; a support seat is fixed to one side of the lower end surface of the machine base 1, and a rotating shaft is connected to the machine base 1 for transverse rotation, and a mounting frame 11 is arranged on the machine base 1 above the support seat, and the mounting frame 11 is fixed to the rotating shaft;

A planetary gear seat 12 is coaxially arranged in the mounting frame 11, and the outer gear ring of the planetary gear seat 12 is fixed on the mounting frame 11. A driving shaft 13 is vertically rotatably connected in the mounting frame 11, and the driving shaft 13 is fixed to the central teeth of the planetary gear seat 12. Each of the grinding jars 3 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the planetary gears of the planetary gear seat 12, and the lower end of the grinding jar 3 is connected to the planetary gear;

A side bracket 14 is fixed on the side of the mounting frame 11 away from the base 1, and the atmosphere controller 2 is mounted on the side bracket 14 and connected to each grinding jar 3 through a circulating gas supply mechanism 4, that is, the driving shaft can drive each grinding jar to revolve around the driving shaft through the driving shaft under continuous high-speed rotation, and the grinding jar can rotate on its own.

As a preferred embodiment, the rotation adjustment angle of the mounting bracket 11 is not greater than 90°.

In this embodiment, the atmosphere controller 2 includes: an upper positioning plate 21, a vent pipe 22, a sealing seat 23 and a transfer pipe 24; one side of the upper positioning plate 21 is connected to the mounting frame 11 through a connecting frame, an air pump 25 is fixed on the mounting frame 11, one end of the air pump 25 is connected to an external gas storage tank (not shown in the figure) through an air pipe, and the external gas storage tank stores the required special atmosphere, and an air guide seat 26 is provided on the mounting frame 11, and an air delivery pipe is connected between the air guide seat 26 and the air pump 25; the air pump delivers the atmosphere to the air guide seat 26 through the air delivery pipe;

A sealing seat 23 is fixed at the center of the upper positioning plate 21, and the upper end of the sealing seat 23 is connected to the air guide seat 26 through a ventilation pipe 22. Each of the circulating air supply mechanisms 4 is sealed and connected above the grinding jar 3. A shunt pipe 27 is rotatably connected to the sealing seat 23 below the upper positioning plate 21. The shunt pipe 27 is connected to the circulating air supply mechanism 4 through a plurality of side-connected transfer pipes 24. It should be noted that the shunt pipe 27 can rotate synchronously with the grinding jars to avoid snagging of the transfer pipes.

In the present embodiment, the vent pipe 22 and the transfer tube 24 both adopt a double-layer tube structure, and the outer tube of each transfer tube 24 is sealed and connected to the outer tube of the vent pipe 22, and the inner tube of each transfer tube 24 is sealed and connected to the inner tube of the vent pipe 22; the outer tube of the vent pipe 22 is sealed and connected to the air guide seat 26, and is connected to the air pump 25, and the inner tube of the vent pipe 22 passes through the air guide seat 26 and is connected to an external collecting tank (not shown in the figure), that is, the atmosphere in the external gas storage tank can enter the air guide seat 26 through the air pump, and then be transported to the outer tube of the transfer tube 24 through the outer tube of the vent pipe 22, and then be sent into the grinding tank 3 by the circulating gas supply mechanism 4, and then the atmosphere in the grinding tank 3 enters the inner tube of the transfer tube 24 through the circulating gas supply mechanism 4, and enters the external collecting tank through the inner tube of the vent pipe 22, thereby realizing atmosphere circulation in the grinding tank.

In this embodiment, the circulating gas delivery mechanism 4 includes: a conduit 41, which is vertically rotatably connected above the grinding tank 3, the upper end of the conduit 41 is sealed and rotatably connected to the transfer tube 24 in the atmosphere controller 2, and a first air channel 42 and a second air channel 43 are provided in the conduit 41. The first air channel 42 and the second air channel 43 are coaxially arranged at the upper end of the inner part of the conduit 41, and the first air channel 42 is located outside the second air channel 43, and the first air channel 42 and the second air channel 43 are arranged side by side at the lower end of the inner part of the conduit 41; wherein, the first air channel 42 in the conduit 41 is always connected to the outer tube of the transfer tube 24, and the second air channel 43 in the conduit 41 is always connected to the inner tube of the transfer tube 24;

The grinding jar 3 is provided with a first channel 31 and a second channel 32, respectively. The first channel 31 and the second channel 32 are arranged side by side and are connected to the first air channel 42 and the second air channel 43 respectively.

A porous tube 33 is provided in the center of the grinding tank 3, and the upper end of the porous tube 33 is connected to the second channel 32;

An annular air chamber 34 is coaxially fixed at the upper and lower parts of the grinding jar 3, and the lower end of the first channel 31 is connected to the annular air chamber 34 above; and a side channel 35 is opened on the side wall of the grinding jar 3, and the first channel 31 is connected to the annular air chamber 34 below through the side channel 35;

The annular air bin 34 is provided with a plurality of pores distributed circumferentially; that is, when the first channel 31 is used as an atmosphere input channel, the second channel 32 is used as an atmosphere exhaust channel, at this time, the atmosphere is axially discharged through each annular air bin 34, and at the same time, the porous tube 33 sucks the atmosphere in the grinding jar 3, so that axial ventilation is formed in the grinding jar 3; and when the first channel 31 is used as an atmosphere exhaust channel, the second channel 32 is used as an atmosphere input channel, at this time, the atmosphere is radially discharged through the porous tube, and at the same time, each annular air bin 34 sucks the atmosphere in the grinding jar 3, so that radial ventilation is formed in the grinding jar 3; in particular, according to the characteristic data of the operation state of the ball mill mechanism obtained by the monitoring module, the diffusion distribution characteristics of the hard carbon precursor in the grinding jar 3 are analyzed through a preset model combined with a dynamic simulation of the state of the ball mill mechanism, and based on the diffusion distribution characteristics, the atmosphere in the grinding jar 3 is constructed by adopting axial circulation ventilation or radial circulation ventilation, wherein the axial circulation ventilation and radial circulation ventilation can also be alternately operated to improve the full distribution of gas in the grinding jar 3.

As a preferred embodiment, a sleeve 5 is slidably connected to the grinding jar 3 outside the guide tube 41, and the lower end of the sleeve 5 is slidably connected to the grinding jar 3 through a plurality of connecting rods. An air pressure guide cavity 51 is provided in the grinding jar 3, and the lower end of the connecting rod is sealed and slidably connected to the air pressure guide cavity 51, and an air pressure tube is connected to the outside of the air pressure guide cavity 51;

An axle pin 52 is horizontally fixed on the side wall of the conduit 41, and an arc-shaped guide groove is opened on the inner wall of the sleeve 5. The axle pin 52 is slidably connected with the arc-shaped guide groove, so that when the sleeve 5 is slidably adjusted up and down, the conduit 41 can produce positive and reverse rotation through the sliding connection between the axle pin 52 and the arc-shaped guide groove, that is, the sleeve 5 can be slid and adjusted accordingly through the air pressure pipe exhaust operation, thereby changing the deflection angle of the conduit.

In this embodiment, the first air channel 42 can be connected to the first channel 31 or the second channel 32, and when the first air channel 42 rotates with the conduit 41 to be staggered with the first channel 31 and the second channel 32, the grinding jar 3 is in a sealed state.

What has been described above are only preferred specific implementations of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A hard carbon negative electrode manufacturing equipment with high cycle performance for sodium ion batteries, characterized in that it includes: a washing and drying system, which uses an ultrasonic cleaning machine to wash and dry biomass raw materials, a pyrolysis carbonization system is arranged outside the washing and drying system, the pyrolysis carbonization system pyrolyzes the biomass through a high-temperature furnace, and crushes it after cooling to form a carbonized product, the powdered carbonized product is fully mixed with an organic compound through a mixing system to form a mixture, a ball milling mechanism is arranged outside the mixing system, the ball milling mechanism grinds the mixture to obtain a hard carbon precursor, a high-temperature carbonization system is arranged outside the ball milling mechanism, the high-temperature carbonization system carbonizes the hard carbon precursor at high temperature after an inert gas is introduced, the obtained product is cleaned and dried after active doping, and finally forms a hard carbon negative electrode material; The ball mill mechanism is provided with an atmosphere controller (2), and the atmosphere controller (2) circulates a specific atmosphere to a grinding tank (3) in the ball mill mechanism to control the redox environment in the grinding tank (3), so as to protect the hard carbon precursor, thereby improving the embedding and de-embedding efficiency of sodium ions in the hard carbon material and enhancing the cycle performance of the sodium ion battery; The ball mill mechanism is provided with a monitoring module, and the monitoring module obtains the operating state characteristic data of the ball mill mechanism in real time, and the operating state characteristic data includes the relevant characteristic data of the power, angle, time, ball specification and quantity of the ball mill mechanism. The ball mill mechanism is provided with a main control module, and the main control module analyzes the diffusion distribution characteristics of the hard carbon precursor in the grinding jar (3) through a preset model combined with the dynamic simulation of the ball mill mechanism state according to the capacity volume of the hard carbon precursor in the grinding jar (3). The atmosphere controller (2) uses the best circulation ventilation method to convey the atmosphere in the grinding jar (3) based on the obtained diffusion distribution characteristics of the hard carbon precursor, so as to improve the grinding environment and promote the uniformity of the reaction; The ball mill mechanism comprises: a machine base (1), a planetary gear seat (12), a side bracket (14) and a rotating shaft; a support seat is fixed to one side of the lower end surface of the machine base (1), and a rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the machine base (1) in a transverse direction; a mounting frame (11) is arranged on the machine base (1) above the support seat, and the mounting frame (11) is fixed to the rotating shaft; A planetary gear seat (12) is coaxially arranged in the mounting frame (11); an outer gear ring of the planetary gear seat (12) is fixed on the mounting frame (11); a drive shaft (13) is vertically rotatably connected in the mounting frame (11); the drive shaft (13) is fixed to the central teeth of the planetary gear seat (12); each of the grinding jars (3) is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the planetary gears of the planetary gear seat (12); and the lower end of the grinding jar (3) is connected to the planetary gear; A side bracket (14) is fixed to the mounting frame (11) on a side away from the machine base (1); the atmosphere controller (2) is mounted on the side bracket (14) and is connected to each of the grinding jars (3) via a circulating gas supply mechanism (4); The atmosphere controller (2) comprises: an upper positioning plate (21), a ventilation pipe (22), a sealing seat (23) and a transfer pipe (24); one side of the upper positioning plate (21) is connected to the mounting frame (11) via a connecting frame, an air pump (25) is fixed to the mounting frame (11), one end of the air pump (25) is connected to an external air storage tank via an air pipe, an air guide seat (26) is provided on the mounting frame (11), and an air supply pipe is connected between the air guide seat (26) and the air pump (25); A sealing seat (23) is fixed at the center of the upper positioning plate (21), the upper end of the sealing seat (23) is connected to the air guide seat (26) through a ventilation pipe (22), each of the circulating gas delivery mechanisms (4) is sealed and connected above the grinding tank (3), and a shunt pipe (27) is rotatably connected to the sealing seat (23) below the upper positioning plate (21), and the shunt pipe (27) is connected to the circulating gas delivery mechanism (4) through a plurality of adapter pipes (24) connected to the side; The ventilation pipe (22) and the adapter pipe (24) both adopt a double-layer pipe structure, and the outer pipe of each adapter pipe (24) is sealed and connected to the outer pipe of the ventilation pipe (22), and the inner pipe of each adapter pipe (24) is sealed and connected to the inner pipe of the ventilation pipe (22); the outer pipe of the ventilation pipe (22) is sealed and connected to the air guide seat (26) and is connected to the air pump (25), and the inner pipe of the ventilation pipe (22) passes through the air guide seat (26) and is connected to an external collection tank. 2. The high cycle performance hard carbon negative electrode manufacturing equipment for sodium ion batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotation adjustment angle of the mounting frame (11) is not greater than 90°. 3. A hard carbon negative electrode manufacturing equipment with high cycle performance for sodium ion batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: the circulating gas transmission mechanism (4) comprises: a conduit (41), which is vertically rotatably connected above the grinding tank (3), the upper end of the conduit (41) is sealed and rotatably connected to the transfer tube (24) in the atmosphere controller (2), a first air channel (42) and a second air channel (43) are provided in the conduit (41), the first air channel (42) and the second air channel (43) are coaxially arranged at the upper end of the inner part of the conduit (41), and the first air channel (42) is located outside the second air channel (43), and the first air channel (42) and the second air channel (43) are arranged side by side at the lower end of the inner part of the conduit (41); The grinding jar (3) is provided with a first channel (31) and a second channel (32), respectively; the first channel (31) and the second channel (32) are arranged side by side and are connected to the first air channel (42) and the second air channel (43) respectively; A porous tube (33) is arranged at the center of the grinding jar (3), and the upper end of the porous tube (33) is connected to the second channel (32); An annular air chamber (34) is coaxially fixed at the upper and lower parts of the grinding jar (3), and the lower end of the first channel (31) is connected to the annular air chamber (34) above; and a side flow channel (35) is provided on the side wall of the grinding jar (3), and the first channel (31) is connected to the annular air chamber (34) below through the side flow channel (35); The annular air chamber (34) has a plurality of air holes distributed circumferentially thereon. 4. A hard carbon negative electrode manufacturing device with high cycle performance for sodium ion batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that: a sleeve (5) is slidably connected to the grinding tank (3) outside the guide tube (41), the lower end of the sleeve (5) is slidably connected to the grinding tank (3) through a plurality of connecting rods, an air pressure guide cavity (51) is provided in the grinding tank (3), the lower end of the connecting rod is sealingly slidably connected to the air pressure guide cavity (51), and an air pressure tube is connected to the outside of the air pressure guide cavity (51); A shaft pin (52) is horizontally fixed on the side wall of the conduit (41), and an arc-shaped guide groove is formed on the inner wall of the shaft sleeve (5). The shaft pin (52) is slidably connected to the arc-shaped guide groove, so that when the shaft sleeve (5) is slidably adjusted up and down, the conduit (41) can generate positive and negative rotation through the sliding connection between the shaft pin (52) and the arc-shaped guide groove. 5. A hard carbon negative electrode manufacturing device with high cycle performance for sodium ion batteries according to claim 4, characterized in that: the first air channel (42) can be connected to the first channel (31) or the second channel (32), and when the first air channel (42) rotates with the conduit (41) and is staggered with the first channel (31) and the second channel (32), the grinding jar (3) is in a sealed state.