CN118393399A - An intelligent early warning method for equipment failure of thermal power units - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of early warning of power equipment, in particular to an intelligent early warning method for equipment faults of a thermal power generating unit, which comprises the following steps: acquiring and storing power output characteristic parameters and equipment characteristic parameters of the thermal power generating unit respectively; responding to the fluctuation of the output voltage and constructing a unit operation evaluation value based on the equipment characteristic parameters; preliminarily judging whether the operation of the unit meets a preset standard or not based on the unit operation evaluation value; and judging whether the unit has faults or not based on the frequency of the fluctuation event and the level duty ratio in the preset time period and sending out corresponding early warning. The invention improves the accuracy of intelligent early warning of the equipment faults of the thermal power generating unit.

Description

An intelligent early warning method for equipment failure of thermal power units

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of early warning of electric power equipment, and in particular to an intelligent early warning method for equipment failure of a thermal power unit.

Background technique

A thermal power generation unit is a mechanical device that converts thermal energy into electrical energy. It consists of a boiler, a steam turbine and a generator. Due to various factors such as poor manufacturing and installation technology, improper maintenance, aging, and the environment, the performance of the unit will continue to deteriorate as the unit ages.

During the entire life cycle of a thermal power unit, it is inevitable that the unit will fail. Accidents such as unplanned shutdowns caused by their own failures will cause serious economic losses to power generation companies and affect the safe operation of power station units and power systems. Existing generator unit maintenance is carried out by manually testing each unit equipment and recording maintenance data, and then the health status of the thermal power unit is determined after evaluating the test data. The deviation of manually measured data and the accuracy of the evaluation method have a great deviation in the prediction of thermal power unit failures.

Summary of the invention

To this end, the present invention provides an intelligent early warning method for thermal power unit equipment failure, which is used to overcome the problem in the prior art that the thermal power unit failure prediction has a large deviation due to the data deviation of manual measurement and the accuracy of the evaluation method.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an intelligent early warning method for equipment failure of a thermal power unit, comprising:

Acquire power output characteristic parameters and equipment characteristic parameters of the thermal power unit and store them separately, the power output characteristic parameters include output current and output voltage of the generator, and the equipment characteristic parameters include boiler combustion chamber temperature, turbine vibration parameters and generator vibration parameters;

In response to the fluctuation of the output voltage and based on the equipment characteristic parameters, construct a unit operation evaluation value;

Based on the unit operation evaluation value, judging whether the operation of the unit meets the preset standard, wherein when it is judged that the operation of the unit does not meet the preset standard, constructing the unit output evaluation value according to the output current and the output voltage;

Secondarily determining whether the operation of the unit meets the preset standard according to the unit output evaluation value, or marking the oscillation of a single unit as a primary fluctuation event;

Based on the frequency and level ratio of fluctuation events within the preset time, it is determined whether the unit has a fault and a corresponding warning is issued.

Furthermore, the unit operation evaluation value is calculated by formula (1):

In formula (1), S is the unit operation evaluation value, α is the temperature evaluation coefficient, α=0.58, β is the vibration evaluation coefficient, β=0.25, T is the boiler combustion chamber temperature, _T0 is the preset temperature threshold, _H1 is the turbine amplitude, _H10 is the turbine preset amplitude, _H2 is the generator amplitude, and _H20 is the generator preset amplitude.

Further, the process of preliminarily determining that the operation of the unit does not meet the preset standard based on the unit operation evaluation value includes:

Respectively comparing the unit operation evaluation value with a first preset unit operation evaluation threshold and a second preset unit operation evaluation threshold;

If the unit operation evaluation value is greater than or equal to the first preset unit operation evaluation threshold and less than the second preset unit operation evaluation threshold, it is preliminarily determined that the operation of the unit does not meet the preset standard, and a secondary determination is made based on the unit output evaluation value whether the operation of the unit meets the preset standard;

If the unit operation evaluation value is greater than or equal to the second preset unit operation evaluation threshold, the oscillation of the single unit is marked as a primary fluctuation event.

Furthermore, the unit output evaluation value is obtained by formula (2):

In formula (2), D is the unit output evaluation value, _t1 is the duration of a single current fluctuation, I is the output current, _I0 is the current fluctuation threshold, _t2 is the duration of a single voltage fluctuation, U is the output voltage, and _U0 is the voltage fluctuation threshold.

Furthermore, when it is determined that the operation of the unit does not meet the preset standard based on the secondary determination of the unit output evaluation value, the oscillation of the single unit is marked as a secondary fluctuation event, or the oscillation of the single unit is marked as a primary fluctuation event.

Furthermore, in response to the frequency of fluctuation events within a preset time period being greater than a high-amplitude preset frequency threshold, the preliminary determination of the operating standard of the unit is revised, wherein the operating standard includes the first preset unit operating evaluation threshold and the second preset unit operating evaluation threshold.

Furthermore, several correction methods are set for correcting the operating standards based on the frequency difference, and each correction method has a different correction amplitude for the first preset unit operation evaluation threshold and the second preset unit operation evaluation threshold; the frequency difference is the difference between the frequency of fluctuation events within a preset time length and the high-amplitude preset frequency threshold.

Further, the determining whether the unit has a fault based on the occurrence frequency and level proportion of fluctuation events within a preset time period includes:

If the occurrence frequency is less than or equal to the low-amplitude preset frequency threshold, it is determined that there is no fault in the unit and it is determined to extend the maintenance interval of the thermal power unit;

If the frequency is greater than the low-amplitude preset frequency threshold and the proportion of secondary fluctuation events exceeds the preset proportion, it is determined that the unit has a fault and the cause of the fault is an overload at the power consumption end, and an early warning for unit capacity expansion is issued;

If the frequency is greater than the low-amplitude preset frequency threshold and the proportion of first-level fluctuation events exceeds the preset proportion, it is determined that the unit has a fault and the cause of the fault is a hardware fault, and a warning for unit maintenance is issued.

Furthermore, several expansion methods are provided for the expansion of the unit, and each expansion method has a different expansion range for the unit.

Furthermore, the extension of the maintenance interval duration is positively correlated with the maintenance difference, and the maintenance difference is the difference between the low-amplitude preset frequency threshold and the occurrence frequency.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention obtains the power output characteristic parameters and equipment characteristic parameters of the thermal power unit and constructs a unit operation evaluation value based on the equipment characteristic parameters, and when it is preliminarily determined based on the unit operation evaluation value that the operation of the unit does not meet the preset standards, a unit output evaluation value is constructed and a secondary determination is made based on the unit output evaluation value whether the operation of the unit meets the preset standards, or a single unit oscillation is marked as a first-level fluctuation event, and based on the frequency and level proportion of fluctuation events within a preset time length, it is determined whether the unit has a fault and a corresponding warning is issued, thereby accurately and intelligently warning of equipment failures of the thermal power unit.

Furthermore, the present invention constructs a unit operation evaluation value based on the equipment characteristic parameters. The unit operation evaluation value can accurately detect the boiler combustion chamber temperature, the amplitude of the turbine and the generator of the unit, and accurately evaluate the physical operating state of the unit through the set evaluation coefficient.

Furthermore, the present invention determines whether the operation of the unit meets the preset standards based on the comparison of the unit operation evaluation value with the first preset unit operation evaluation threshold and the second preset unit operation evaluation threshold, thereby accurately defining the operating status of the unit.

Furthermore, the present invention constructs a unit output evaluation value based on the changes in output current and output voltage, thereby further characterizing the operating status of the unit and accurately evaluating the status of the unit as an indicator for secondary judgment.

Furthermore, the present invention accurately determines the level of unit operation shock based on secondary determination, and determines whether the unit has a fault based on the frequency and level proportion of fluctuation events within a preset time, and determines the type of corresponding fault, thereby providing accurate intelligent early warning for thermal power unit equipment failure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a flow chart of an intelligent early warning method for equipment failure of a thermal power unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG2 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention for preliminarily determining whether the operation of a unit meets a preset standard;

3 is a flow chart of modifying the preliminary determination of the operating standard of the unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG4 is a flow chart of determining whether a unit has a fault according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

It should be pointed out that the data in this embodiment are obtained by comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the historical detection data and the corresponding historical detection results three months before the warning was issued by the method described in the present invention. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the method described in the present invention can determine the above parameters for a single item by selecting the value with the highest proportion as the preset standard parameter according to the data distribution, using weighted summation to use the obtained value as the preset standard parameter, substituting each historical data into a specific formula and using the value obtained by the formula as the preset standard parameter or other selection methods, as long as the system described in the present invention can clearly define the different specific situations in the single determination process through the obtained values.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, which are respectively flow charts of an intelligent early warning method for equipment failure of a thermal power unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; a flow chart of a preliminary determination of whether the operation of a unit meets preset standards according to an embodiment of the present invention; a flow chart of correcting the preliminary determination of the operation standards of a unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; and a flow chart of determining whether a unit has a fault according to an embodiment of the present invention.

An intelligent early warning method for equipment failure of a thermal power unit according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises:

Step S1, obtaining power output characteristic parameters and equipment characteristic parameters of the thermal power unit and storing them separately, the power output characteristic parameters include output current and output voltage of the generator, and the equipment characteristic parameters include boiler combustion chamber temperature, turbine vibration parameters and generator vibration parameters;

Step S2, constructing a unit operation evaluation value in response to the fluctuation of the output voltage and based on the device characteristic parameters;

Step S3, judging whether the operation of the unit meets the preset standard based on the unit operation evaluation value, wherein when it is judged that the operation of the unit does not meet the preset standard, constructing the unit output evaluation value according to the output current and the output voltage;

Step S4, secondarily determining whether the operation of the unit meets the preset standard according to the unit output evaluation value, or marking the oscillation of a single unit as a primary fluctuation event;

Step S5, based on the frequency and level ratio of fluctuation events within a preset time period, determine whether the unit has a fault and issue a corresponding warning.

Specifically, the unit operation evaluation value is obtained by formula (1):

In formula (1), S is the unit operation evaluation value, α is the temperature evaluation coefficient, α is set to 0.58, β is the vibration evaluation coefficient, β is set to 0.25, T is the boiler combustion chamber temperature, _T0 is the preset temperature threshold, _T0 is set to 1200°C, _H1 is the turbine amplitude, _H10 is the turbine preset amplitude, _H10 is set to 0.50 mm, _H2 is the generator amplitude, _H20 is the generator preset amplitude, _H20 is set to 0.50 mm.

Specifically, the process of preliminarily determining that the operation of the unit does not meet the preset standard based on the unit operation evaluation value is as follows: comparing the unit operation evaluation value with the first preset unit operation evaluation threshold and the second preset unit operation evaluation threshold, setting the first preset unit operation evaluation threshold to 0.559, setting the second preset unit operation evaluation threshold to 0.698,

If the unit operation evaluation value is greater than or equal to the first preset unit operation evaluation threshold and less than the second preset unit operation evaluation threshold, it is preliminarily determined that the operation of the unit does not meet the preset standard, and a secondary determination is made based on the unit output evaluation value whether the operation of the unit meets the preset standard;

If the unit operation evaluation value is greater than or equal to the second preset unit operation evaluation threshold, the oscillation of the single unit is marked as a primary fluctuation event.

Specifically, the unit output evaluation value is obtained by formula (2):

In formula (2), D is the unit output evaluation value, _t1 is the duration of a single current fluctuation, I is the output current, _I0 is the current fluctuation threshold, and _I0 is set to 60A, _t2 is the duration of a single voltage fluctuation, U is the output voltage, _U0 is the voltage fluctuation threshold, and _U0 is set to 6000V. The units of _t1 and _t2 are set to milliseconds.

Specifically, based on the unit output evaluation value, it is determined whether the operation of the unit meets the preset standard, wherein:

If the unit output evaluation value is less than the first preset unit output evaluation value, it is determined that the operation of the unit meets the preset standard, and the thermal power unit is overhauled according to the current interval time;

If the unit output evaluation value is greater than or equal to the first preset unit output evaluation value and less than the second preset unit output evaluation value, it is determined that the operation of the unit does not meet the preset standard and the oscillation of the single unit is marked as a secondary fluctuation event;

If the unit output evaluation value is greater than or equal to the second preset unit output evaluation value, it is determined that the operation of the unit does not meet the preset standard and the oscillation of the single unit is marked as a primary fluctuation event;

The first preset unit output evaluation value is set to 50.25, and the second preset unit output evaluation value is set to 80.25.

Specifically, in response to the frequency of fluctuation events occurring within the preset duration of 1 hour being greater than the high amplitude preset frequency threshold of 23 times/h, the operation standard of the unit initially determined is revised. The operation standard includes the first preset unit operation evaluation threshold and the second preset unit operation evaluation threshold.

Specifically, a correction method for the operating standard is determined based on the frequency difference, where:

The first correction method is to use the first preset correction coefficient 0.998 to determine the corrected first preset unit operation evaluation threshold and the second preset unit operation evaluation threshold in the form of a product; the first correction method satisfies that the frequency difference is less than the first preset frequency difference of 5 times/h;

The second correction method is to use the second preset correction coefficient 0.995 to determine the corrected first preset unit operation evaluation threshold and the second preset unit operation evaluation threshold 12 times/h in the form of a product; the second correction method satisfies that the frequency difference is greater than or equal to the first preset frequency difference and less than the second preset frequency difference;

The third correction method is to use the third preset correction coefficient 0.991 to determine the corrected first preset unit operation evaluation threshold and the second preset unit operation evaluation threshold in the form of a product; the third correction method satisfies that the frequency difference is greater than or equal to the second preset frequency difference;

The frequency difference is the difference between the occurrence frequency of the fluctuation event within the preset time period and the high-amplitude preset frequency threshold.

Specifically, the process of determining whether a unit has a fault based on the frequency and level proportion of fluctuation events within a preset time of 1 hour includes:

If the occurrence frequency is less than or equal to the low-amplitude preset frequency threshold of 15 times/h, it is determined that there is no fault in the unit and it is determined to extend the maintenance interval of the thermal power unit;

If the occurrence frequency is greater than the low-amplitude preset frequency threshold and the proportion of secondary fluctuation events exceeds the preset proportion of 65%, it is determined that the unit has a fault and the cause of the fault is an overload at the power consumption end, and a warning to expand the unit capacity is issued;

If the occurrence frequency is greater than the low-amplitude preset frequency threshold and the proportion of first-level fluctuation events exceeds the preset proportion of 65%, it is determined that the unit has a fault and the cause of the fault is a hardware fault, and an early warning for unit maintenance is issued.

Specifically, the process of determining the capacity expansion method of the unit includes:

Calculate the difference between the secondary volatility event ratio and the preset ratio,

The difference is recorded as the proportion difference,

If the proportion difference is less than the first preset proportion difference of 6.58%, the capacity of the expanded unit is determined by multiplication using the first preset expansion coefficient of 1.10;

If the proportion difference is greater than or equal to the first preset proportion difference and less than the second preset proportion difference of 14.55%, the capacity of the expanded unit is determined by multiplication using the second preset expansion coefficient of 1.20;

If the proportion difference is greater than or equal to the second preset proportion difference, the capacity of the expanded unit is determined by multiplication using the third preset expansion coefficient 1.30.

Specifically, the extension of the maintenance interval is positively correlated with the maintenance difference, and the maintenance difference is the difference between the low-amplitude preset frequency threshold and the occurrence frequency, that is, the maintenance difference is obtained by subtracting the occurrence frequency from the low-amplitude preset frequency threshold. It can be understood that the larger the maintenance difference, the greater the extension of the maintenance interval.

So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An intelligent early warning method for equipment faults of a thermal power generating unit is characterized by comprising the following steps:

Acquiring and storing power output characteristic parameters and equipment characteristic parameters of the thermal power generating unit respectively, wherein the power output characteristic parameters comprise output current and output voltage of a generator, and the equipment characteristic parameters comprise temperature of a combustion chamber of a boiler, vibration parameters of a steam turbine and vibration parameters of the generator;

Responding to the fluctuation of the output voltage and constructing a unit operation evaluation value based on the equipment characteristic parameters;

Judging whether the operation of the unit meets a preset standard or not based on the unit operation evaluation value, wherein when the operation of the unit is judged to be not in accordance with the preset standard, the unit output evaluation value is built according to the output current and the output voltage;

whether the operation of the unit meets a preset standard is secondarily judged according to the unit output evaluation value, or the vibration of the single unit is marked as a primary fluctuation event;

and judging whether the unit has faults or not based on the occurrence frequency and the level duty ratio of the fluctuation event in the preset time period and sending out corresponding early warning.

2. The intelligent early warning method for equipment faults of a thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, wherein the unit operation evaluation value is calculated by a formula (1),

In the formula (1), S is a unit operation evaluation value, α is a temperature evaluation coefficient, α=0.58, β is a vibration evaluation coefficient, β=0.25, T is a boiler combustion chamber temperature, T ₀ is a preset temperature threshold, H ₁ is a turbine amplitude, H ₁₀ is a turbine preset amplitude, H ₂ is a generator amplitude, and H ₂₀ is a generator preset amplitude.

3. The intelligent early warning method for equipment faults of a thermal power generating unit according to claim 2, wherein the process of preliminarily determining that the operation of the unit does not meet a preset standard based on the unit operation evaluation value comprises the following steps:

respectively comparing the unit operation evaluation value with a first preset unit operation evaluation threshold value and a second preset unit operation evaluation threshold value;

If the unit operation evaluation value is larger than or equal to the first preset unit operation evaluation threshold value and smaller than the second preset unit operation evaluation threshold value, primarily judging that the operation of the unit does not meet the preset standard, and secondarily judging whether the operation of the unit meets the preset standard or not based on the unit output evaluation value;

And if the unit operation evaluation value is greater than or equal to the second preset unit operation evaluation threshold, marking the oscillation of the single unit as a primary fluctuation event.

4. The intelligent early warning method for equipment faults of a thermal power generating unit according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the unit output evaluation value is obtained by a formula (2),

In the formula (2), D is a unit output evaluation value, t ₁ is a single current fluctuation time period, I is an output current, I ₀ is a current fluctuation threshold, t ₂ is a single voltage fluctuation time period, U is an output voltage, and U ₀ is a voltage fluctuation threshold.

5. The intelligent early warning method for equipment faults of a thermal power generating unit according to claim 4, wherein when operation of the unit is secondarily determined to be not in accordance with a preset standard based on the unit output evaluation value, vibration of the single unit is marked as a secondary fluctuation event or vibration of the single unit is marked as a primary fluctuation event.

6. The intelligent early warning method for equipment faults of a thermal power generating unit according to claim 5, wherein the operation standard of the preliminary judgment unit is corrected in response to the occurrence frequency of fluctuation events within a preset time period being greater than a high-amplitude preset frequency threshold, wherein the operation standard comprises the first preset unit operation evaluation threshold and a second preset unit operation evaluation threshold.

7. The intelligent early warning method for equipment faults of a thermal power generating unit according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of correction modes for correcting operation standards are set on the basis of frequency difference values, and the correction amplitude of each correction mode for a first preset unit operation evaluation threshold value is different from that for a second preset unit operation evaluation threshold value; the frequency difference value is the difference value between the frequency of the fluctuation event in the preset duration and the high-amplitude preset frequency threshold value.

8. The intelligent early warning method for equipment faults of a thermal power generating unit according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the judging whether the unit has faults or not based on the occurrence frequency and the level duty ratio of fluctuation events in a preset time period comprises the following steps:

if the occurrence frequency is smaller than or equal to a low-amplitude preset frequency threshold value, judging that the unit has no fault and judging that the maintenance interval duration of the thermal power unit is prolonged;

if the frequency is larger than a low-amplitude preset frequency threshold value and the second-level fluctuation event duty ratio exceeds the preset duty ratio, judging that the unit has faults and the reason of the faults is overload of an electricity utilization end, and sending out early warning for capacity expansion of the unit;

if the frequency is larger than a low-amplitude preset frequency threshold value and the primary fluctuation event duty ratio exceeds the preset duty ratio, judging that the unit has faults and the hardware of the cause of the faults is faulty, and sending out an alarm for overhauling the unit.

9. The intelligent early warning method for equipment faults of a thermal power generating unit according to claim 8, wherein a plurality of capacity expansion modes are arranged for the capacity expansion of the unit, and the capacity expansion amplitude of each capacity expansion mode for the unit is different.

10. The intelligent early warning method for equipment faults of a thermal power generating unit according to claim 9, wherein the extension amplitude of the overhaul interval duration is positively correlated with an overhaul difference value, and the overhaul difference value is a difference value between the low-amplitude preset frequency threshold value and the occurrence frequency.