CN118392253B - A high-precision composite measurement device and method - Google Patents
A high-precision composite measurement device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN118392253B CN118392253B CN202410841624.XA CN202410841624A CN118392253B CN 118392253 B CN118392253 B CN 118392253B CN 202410841624 A CN202410841624 A CN 202410841624A CN 118392253 B CN118392253 B CN 118392253B
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种高精度复合测量装置和方法，装置包括柱形腔体，其内部填充有中空的高介电常数圆柱；可移动非金属杆，插入于高介电常数圆柱的空腔中心，一端伸出柱形腔体外与待测对象接触，另一端连接金属杆；金属杆，包裹有弹簧，与射频同轴腔的金属芯结构连接，并可在弹簧驱动下插入金属芯结构中；射频同轴腔，其结构由外至内依次为保护绝缘层、外导体、绝缘介质层和金属芯，金属芯与柱形腔体衔接的部分内有空气柱，空气柱通过通气孔连接外界空气；信号收发装置，通过同轴接头与射频同轴腔相连，用于发射和接收射频信号。可以实现复合的精度测量，具有广泛的适用性和灵活性。
The present invention relates to a high-precision composite measurement device and method, the device includes a cylindrical cavity filled with a hollow high dielectric constant cylinder; a movable non-metallic rod inserted into the center of the cavity of the high dielectric constant cylinder, one end of which extends out of the cylindrical cavity to contact the object to be measured, and the other end is connected to a metal rod; the metal rod is wrapped with a spring, connected to the metal core structure of the radio frequency coaxial cavity, and can be inserted into the metal core structure under the drive of the spring; the radio frequency coaxial cavity, whose structure from outside to inside is a protective insulating layer, an outer conductor, an insulating medium layer and a metal core, and the part where the metal core and the cylindrical cavity are connected has an air column, and the air column is connected to the outside air through a vent hole; a signal transceiver is connected to the radio frequency coaxial cavity through a coaxial connector, and is used to transmit and receive radio frequency signals. Composite precision measurement can be achieved, and it has wide applicability and flexibility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring and measurement, in particular to a high-precision composite measurement device and method.
Background
The requirements and the applications of deformation detection are very wide, such as the movement of the crust in nature, the sinking of the displacement of engineering buildings, the local deformation of industrial equipment, and the operation of daily science and production engineering, the requirements of deformation detection are almost ubiquitous, and the requirements on the precision and the accuracy of deformation measurement are higher. Traditional methods such as angle measurement, edge measurement and the like are time-consuming, labor-consuming and low in precision, various methods are explored by researchers in recent years to solve the challenges in detection, and currently related new technologies include computer vision technology, laser positioning technology, GPS detection technology and the like, which greatly improve the measurement cost although improving the measurement precision, and have high requirements on measurement equipment. With the development of radio frequency technology, radio frequency signals are widely applied to non-contact measurement, such as RFID, synthetic aperture radar interference technology, wireless liquid level measurement, etc., and the cost is high as well although the synthetic aperture radar interference technology can be applied to deformation measurement, so that how to apply radio frequency wireless measurement to deformation measurement, and constructing a deformation detection device with low cost and high precision is a problem to be solved.
The multifunctional integrated measuring instrument is one of the development directions of the current monitoring field. Multifunctional integrated measuring instruments generally have a plurality of sensors and functional modules, which enable a plurality of measuring and monitoring tasks to be carried out in one device, for example, environmental monitoring by providing a plurality of photoelectric, infrared, smoke and temperature sensors on an unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring system. The device not only can improve the accuracy and reliability of measurement, but also can reduce the occupied space of equipment, save the cost and facilitate management. In the monitoring field, the multifunctional integrated measuring device can be widely applied to the fields of industry, medical treatment, environmental monitoring and the like, and provides comprehensive data support and solution for users. With the continued advancement of technology and the increasing market demand, multi-function integrated measuring instruments will become more common and popular.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems of the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a high-precision composite measurement device and a method.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a high-precision composite measurement apparatus, including:
a cylindrical cavity filled with a hollow high dielectric constant cylinder;
the movable nonmetal rod is inserted into the center of the cavity of the high dielectric constant cylinder, one end of the movable nonmetal rod extends out of the cylindrical cavity to contact an object to be measured, and the other end of the movable nonmetal rod is connected with the metal rod; the metal rod is wrapped with a spring, is connected with the metal core structure of the radio frequency coaxial cavity and can be inserted into the metal core structure under the drive of the spring;
The radio frequency coaxial cavity is structurally provided with a protective insulating layer, an outer conductor, an insulating medium layer and a metal core from outside to inside in sequence, wherein an air column is arranged in the joint part of the metal core and the cylindrical cavity, and the air column is connected with the outside air through a vent hole;
The signal receiving and transmitting device is connected with the radio frequency coaxial cavity through the coaxial connector and is used for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals.
As a further improvement of the application, the movable nonmetallic stem is made of a thermally expansive material.
As a further improvement of the application, the length ratio between the metal rod and the metal core of the radio frequency coaxial cavity is variable in response to deformation, pressure or temperature changes, wherein the metal rod is insertable into the metal core structure under the drive of the spring.
As a further improvement of the application, for deformation measurement, the displacement of the movable nonmetallic rod is detected by the change of the insertion amount of the metallic rod, wherein the change of the insertion amount of the metallic rod causes the change of the electromagnetic field distribution in the radio frequency coaxial cavity.
As a further improvement of the application, when used for pressure measurement, the pressure exerted by the object to be measured on the movable nonmetallic rod causes the metallic rod to be pushed into the metallic core structure, thereby changing the resonance characteristic of the radio frequency coaxial cavity.
As a further improvement of the application, for temperature measurement, the movable nonmetallic rod is made of a thermally expansive material, and the temperature change causes the length of the movable nonmetallic rod to change, thereby pushing the metallic rod and compressing the spring, resulting in the resonance frequency and amplitude in the radio frequency coaxial cavity to change.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a high-precision composite measurement method, which is applied to the high-precision composite measurement device in the first aspect, and comprises the following steps:
Calibrating the measuring device to an initial state, and ensuring that the maximum length of the movable nonmetallic rod outside the cylindrical cavity is not contacted with an object to be measured;
transmitting a radio frequency signal to the radio frequency coaxial cavity through the signal receiving and transmitting device so as to generate an electromagnetic field;
Applying deformation, pressure or temperature to the movable nonmetal rod by the object to be tested, so that the metal rod is inserted into the metal core structure under the drive of the spring, and the electromagnetic field distribution is changed;
Receiving a radio frequency signal reflected by the radio frequency coaxial cavity to obtain a reflected signal;
The resonance frequency and amplitude variation of the reflected signal are analyzed to determine the amount of change Δf in the resonance frequency and the amount of change Δa in the amplitude caused by deformation, pressure, or temperature.
As a further improvement of the present application, when used for deformation measurement, comprises:
Determining the displacement of the movable nonmetallic rod according to the change of the insertion quantity of the metallic rod;
calculating a deformation value B based on the calculation formula (a);
（a）
Wherein B is a deformation value, deltaf is a resonance frequency variation of the reflected signal, deltaA is an amplitude variation of the reflected signal, and L is an initial length of the movable nonmetallic rod.
As a further improvement of the present application, when used for pressure measurement, comprises:
determining the degree to which the metal rod is pushed into the metal core structure according to the pressure exerted by the object to be detected;
calculating a pressure value F based on the calculation formula (b);
（b）
Wherein F is a pressure value, E is an elastic modulus of the movable nonmetallic rod, S is a cross-sectional area of the movable nonmetallic rod, and DeltaL is a displacement amount of the movable nonmetallic rod.
As a further improvement of the present application, when used for temperature measurement, it includes:
determining the moving amount of the metal rod according to the length change of the movable nonmetallic rod caused by the temperature change;
Calculating a temperature value T based on the calculation formula (c);
（c）
Wherein T is a temperature value, alpha is a thermal expansion coefficient of the movable nonmetallic rod, and T 0 is an initial temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
1. The high-precision composite measurement device and the method provided by the invention are based on the transmission line theory, and can accurately detect micro deformation, pressure or temperature change by utilizing the sensitive resonance and reflection characteristic change generated in the device by the radio frequency signal. By analyzing the resonance frequency and amplitude change of the reflected signal, the invention can realize high-precision measurement of the deformation value B, the pressure value F and the temperature value T.
2. The device has simple structural design, is easy to understand and operate, is convenient to carry and has lower cost. The device can be modified according to the existing coaxial structure conveniently, is compatible with the existing signal receiving and transmitting device, and is suitable for various measurement scenes, including industrial detection, environment monitoring, medical diagnosis and the like.
3. The device can adapt to the measurement requirements of various physical quantities by adjusting and replacing the material of the movable nonmetallic rod, and realizes the multifunctional integrated measurement of deformation, pressure and temperature. In addition, by changing the length of the movable nonmetallic rod, the measuring range can be adjusted, so that the device has wide applicability and flexibility.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be mutually combined to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, like reference numerals being used to designate like parts throughout the drawings;
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a high-precision composite measurement device according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high-precision composite measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure of a high-precision composite measurement device according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a high-precision composite measurement method according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the variation of scattering parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the application is made in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and together with the description of the embodiments of the application, are used to explain the principles of the application and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a high-precision composite measurement apparatus is disclosed, comprising: a cylindrical cavity 1, a radio frequency coaxial cavity 2, a signal transceiver 4 and a coaxial connector 5. The radio frequency coaxial cavity 2 is provided with a vent 26.
In particular, as shown in fig. 2.
A cylindrical cavity 1, the inside of which is filled with a hollow high dielectric constant cylinder 13;
A movable nonmetal rod 11 is inserted into the center of the cavity 15 of the high dielectric constant cylinder 13, one end of the movable nonmetal rod extends out of the cylindrical cavity 1 to be in contact with the object 3 to be measured, and the other end of the movable nonmetal rod is connected with a metal rod 211; the metal rod 211 is wrapped with a spring 12, is structurally connected with the metal core 21 of the radio frequency coaxial cavity 2, and can be inserted into the metal core 21 under the driving of the spring 12;
The radio frequency coaxial cavity 2 is provided with a protective insulating layer 23, an outer conductor 22, an insulating medium layer 24 and a metal core 21 from outside to inside in sequence, an air column 25 is arranged in the joint part of the metal core 21 and the cylindrical cavity 1, and the air column 25 is connected with the outside air through a vent hole 26;
the signal transceiver 4 is connected with the radio frequency coaxial cavity 2 through the coaxial connector 5 and is used for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals.
In some embodiments, the cylindrical cavity 1 is made of a sturdy and durable material, such as PVC or a metal alloy, the interior of which is designed to tightly fill a high dielectric constant cylinder 13. The hollow space 15 of the high dielectric constant cylinder 13 is centrally provided with a movable nonmetallic rod 11 made of a lightweight but strong material such as carbon fiber reinforced plastic. One end of the movable nonmetallic bar 11 is designed to protrude outside the cylindrical cavity 1, contact with the object 3 to be measured, and the other end is connected to the metallic bar 211.
The metal rod 211 may be made of stainless steel, has good elasticity and durability, and is wrapped by the spring 12. The spring 12 is made of a material having high elasticity, such as titanium alloy or special spring steel, capable of producing predictable deformation when subjected to a force. The metal rod 211 is connected to the metal core 21 structure of the rf coaxial cavity 2, allowing insertion into the metal core 21 structure under the drive of the spring 12.
The structure of the radio frequency coaxial cavity 2 is sequentially provided with a protective insulating layer 23, an outer conductor 22, an insulating medium layer 24 and a metal core 21 from outside to inside. The protective insulating layer 23 may be made of a flexible plastic such as polytetrafluoroethylene to provide additional protection and insulation. The outer conductor 22 and the metal core 21 are typically made of copper to ensure good electrical conductivity. The portion of the metal core 21 that engages the cylindrical cavity 1 contains a column of air 25, the column of air 25 being connected to the outside air through a vent 26, allowing the air pressure to affect the measurement result.
The signal transceiver 4 is connected with the radio frequency coaxial cavity 2 through the coaxial connector 5 and is responsible for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals. The signal transceiver 4 can adopt a commercially available high-precision radio frequency analyzer, and can accurately measure the resonant frequency and amplitude of the reflected signal.
Further, the movable nonmetallic stem 11 employs a thermally expansive material.
In some embodiments, the movable nonmetallic stem 11 is made of a material with thermal expansion characteristics, such as indium tin oxide or other ceramic materials with good temperature sensing properties. Such a material can undergo predictable length changes with increasing or decreasing temperature, thereby enabling the movable nonmetallic stem 11 to operate in a temperature measurement mode.
Further, the length ratio between the metal rod 211 and the metal core 21 of the rf coaxial cavity 2 is variable in response to deformation, pressure or temperature changes, wherein the metal rod 211 is insertable into the metal core 21 structure under the drive of the spring 12.
As shown in fig. 3. In some embodiments, the length ratio between the metal rod 211 and the metal core 21 of the rf coaxial cavity 2 is variable in response to changes in deformation, pressure, or temperature. For example, when the object 3 to be measured applies deformation or pressure to the movable nonmetallic nonconductive lever 11, the movable nonmetallic lever 11 moves inward, causing the metallic lever 211 to be inserted deeper into the structure of the metallic core 21 under the drive of the spring 12, thereby changing the length ratio therebetween.
Further, for deformation measurement, the displacement of the movable nonmetallic rod 11 is detected by the change of the insertion amount of the metallic rod 211, wherein the change of the insertion amount of the metallic rod 211 causes the change of the electromagnetic field distribution in the radio frequency coaxial cavity 2.
As shown in fig. 2. In some embodiments, in the deformation measurement mode, the object 3 to be measured applies deformation to the movable nonmetallic stem 11, which causes the movable nonmetallic stem 11 to move inward, thereby pushing the metallic stem 211 into the metallic core 21 structure. The variation in the amount of insertion of the metal rod 211 causes variations in the electromagnetic field distribution within the rf coaxial cavity 2, which can be detected by the reflected signal detected by the signal transceiver 4. The amount of change in the reflected signal, such as the change in the resonant frequency and amplitude, is proportional to the amount of displacement of the movable nonmetallic wand 11.
Further, for pressure measurement, the pressure applied by the object 3 to be measured to the movable nonmetallic rod 11 causes the metallic rod 211 to be pushed into the metallic core 21 structure, thereby changing the resonance characteristic of the rf coaxial cavity 2.
In some embodiments, in the pressure measurement mode, the object 3 to be measured applies pressure to the movable nonmetallic stem 11, which is transferred to the metallic stem 211, causing the metallic stem 211 to be pushed into the metallic core 21 structure. Such a mechanical displacement changes the resonance characteristics of the radio frequency coaxial cavity 2, such as the resonance frequency and the quality factor, which changes can be measured by the signal transceiver 4. By analyzing these changes, the amount of pressure exerted on the movable nonmetallic stem 11 can be determined.
Further, for temperature measurement, the movable nonmetallic stem 11 is made of a thermally expansive material, and the temperature change causes the length of the movable nonmetallic stem 11 to change, thereby pushing the metallic stem 211 and compressing the spring 12, resulting in the resonance frequency and amplitude within the rf coaxial cavity 2 to change.
In some embodiments, in the temperature measurement mode, since the movable nonmetallic stem 11 is made of a thermally expansive material, the movable nonmetallic stem 11 may change in length when the temperature changes. This change in length pushes the metal rod 211 and compresses the spring 12, resulting in a change in the resonant frequency and amplitude within the rf coaxial cavity 2. By measuring these changes, the increase or decrease in temperature can be accurately calculated. For example, an increase in the resonant frequency may correspond to an increase in the ambient temperature, while a decrease in the resonant frequency may correspond to a decrease in the ambient temperature.
As shown in fig. 4. The invention discloses a high-precision composite measurement method, which comprises the following steps:
calibrating the measuring device to an initial state, and ensuring that the maximum length of the movable nonmetallic rod 11 outside the cylindrical cavity 1 is not contacted with the object 3 to be measured;
transmitting a radio frequency signal to the radio frequency coaxial cavity 2 through the signal receiving and transmitting device 4 so as to generate an electromagnetic field;
The object 3 to be measured applies deformation, pressure or temperature to the movable nonmetallic rod 11, so that the metallic rod 211 is inserted into the metallic core 21 structure under the drive of the spring 12, and the electromagnetic field distribution is changed;
receiving a radio frequency signal reflected by the radio frequency coaxial cavity 2 to obtain a reflected signal;
The resonance frequency and amplitude variation of the reflected signal are analyzed to determine the amount of change Δf in the resonance frequency and the amount of change Δa in the amplitude caused by deformation, pressure, or temperature.
Further, when used for deformation measurement, comprises:
Determining the displacement amount of the movable nonmetallic lever 11 according to the change in the insertion amount of the metal lever 211;
calculating a deformation value B based on the calculation formula (a);
（a）
where B is a deformation value, Δf is a variation of a resonant frequency of the reflected signal, Δa is a variation of an amplitude of the reflected signal, and L is an initial length of the movable nonmetallic rod 11.
Further, when used for pressure measurement, comprises:
determining the extent to which the metal rod 211 is pushed into the structure of the metal core 21 according to the pressure applied by the object 3 to be measured;
calculating a pressure value F based on the calculation formula (b);
（b）
Where F is a pressure value, E is an elastic modulus of the movable nonmetallic rod 11, S is a sectional area of the movable nonmetallic rod 11, and Δl is a displacement of the movable nonmetallic rod 11.
Further, when used for temperature measurement, comprises:
Determining the movement amount of the metal rod 211 according to the length change of the movable nonmetallic rod 11 caused by the temperature change;
Calculating a temperature value T based on the calculation formula (c);
（c）
Wherein T is a temperature value, alpha is a thermal expansion coefficient of the movable nonmetallic rod, and T 0 is an initial temperature.
In some embodiments, the calibration process starts with ensuring that the maximum length of the movable nonmetallic rod 11 outside the cylindrical cavity 1 is free from contact with the object 3 to be measured. This is achieved by adjusting the position of the movable nonmetallic stem 11 until its end is flush with the opening of the cylindrical cavity 1.
The signal transceiving means 4 is arranged to transmit radio frequency signals of a specific frequency to the radio frequency coaxial cavity 2. The radio frequency signal forms an electromagnetic field within the coaxial cavity 2 and interacts with the internal structure.
The object 3 to be measured applies a deformation, pressure or temperature to the movable nonmetallic wand 11. For example, in deformation measurement, the object 3 to be measured may displace or bend the movable nonmetallic bar 11; in pressure measurement, the object 3 to be measured may exert a certain force on the movable nonmetallic stem 11; in temperature measurement, the object 3 to be measured may change the ambient temperature, affecting the length of the movable nonmetallic wand 11.
The signal transceiving means 4 are simultaneously configured to receive radio frequency signals reflected back by the radio frequency coaxial cavity 2. The reflected signal contains information about the resonant frequency and amplitude, which information changes due to the change in the electromagnetic field distribution.
The resonant frequency and amplitude variation of the reflected signal is measured and recorded by the signal transceiver 4. These data are then used in an analysis to determine the amount of change in resonant frequency Δf and the amount of change in amplitude Δa caused by deformation, pressure or temperature.
The following description is provided in connection with specific parameters. In another embodiment of the present invention, the structure and operation method of the high-precision composite measuring device are as follows:
The complete structure of the measuring device comprises a cylindrical cavity and a radio frequency coaxial cavity. The length of the radio frequency coaxial cavity is 25cm, the outer radius is 0.4cm, the structure is sequentially provided with a plastic protective insulating layer, reticular copper serving as an outer conductor, a PE dielectric layer and a copper core from outside to inside, and the radius of the copper core is 0.2cm. The copper core is connected with the cylindrical cavity, the air columns are arranged in the parts, the maximum length is 8cm, the radius is 0.1cm, and meanwhile, the air columns are provided with vent holes to connect with the outside air, and the rest parts of the copper core are solid structures. One end of the radio frequency coaxial cavity is connected with the cylindrical cavity, and the other end is connected with the radio frequency signal receiving and transmitting device through a coaxial connector. The length of the cylindrical cavity is 25cm, the outer radius is 0.5cm, a hollow high-dielectric-constant cylinder is filled in the cylindrical cavity, a movable nonmetal rod is inserted into the center of the hollow high-dielectric-constant cylinder, the whole length L=17 cm, the radius r 1 =0.1 cm and the sectional area S=0.03 cm 2. One end of the movable nonmetallic rod extends out of the cylindrical cavity and is contacted with an object to be detected, the extending length is 8cm at the maximum, namely the initial state, the maximum measurable range of the device is obtained, the length of the movable nonmetallic rod is adjusted according to the requirement of the deformation or pressure measurement maximum range, and the other end of the movable nonmetallic rod is connected with a copper rod structure extending from a copper core of the radio frequency coaxial cavity. The part of the copper rod in the cylindrical cavity structure wraps the spring, the initial state length is 8cm under the condition that the spring is not compressed, the copper rod and the spring are both in the cavity, and in addition, a spring fixing structure of a nonmetallic medium is arranged in the cavity and used for fixing the position of the spring to prevent sliding, and the copper rod is connected with a copper core structure of the radio frequency coaxial cavity and can be inserted into the copper core under the driving of the spring.
The deformation or pressure measurement method proposed by the device is as follows, the device is in an initial state when no deformation or pressure acts, the extension length of the movable nonmetallic rod outside the cylindrical cavity is 8cm, the lengths of the copper rod and the spring in the cylindrical cavity and the length of the air column in the radio frequency coaxial cavity are all 8cm, and zero calibration is carried out on the device according to the initial state. When the device works and measures, an object to be measured contacts one end of the movable nonmetallic rod extending out of the cylindrical cavity, the other end of the movable nonmetallic rod pushes the copper rod under the action of deformation pressure, the spring stretches and stretches to generate length change, part of the copper rod is pushed into the copper core of the radio frequency coaxial cavity, at the moment, the length proportion of the copper rod in the cylindrical cavity to the length of the movable nonmetallic rod changes, signals are transmitted to the device through the signal transceiver, the resonant frequency and amplitude of the reflected signals received by the signal transceiver are obviously changed under the action of different deformation stresses or pressures, and the change of scattering parameters is shown in figure 5. The resonance frequency point shifts in the range of 10-15 GHz. A relation curve delta L (delta f, delta A) of the displacement amount of the movable nonmetallic rod and the resonant frequency and the amplitude can be obtained; the deformation value B or the pressure value F is determined by the above formulas (a) and (B) by a differential analysis method, the length of the movable nonmetallic rod is L=17 cm, the sectional area is S=0.03 cm 2, and E represents the elastic modulus and is determined by the material elasticity of the movable nonmetallic rod. The measuring device and the measuring method enable deformation measuring precision to reach millimeter level.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the structure and operation method of the high-precision composite measuring device are as follows:
The temperature measuring device is composed of a radio frequency coaxial cavity and a cylindrical cavity structure, as shown in fig. 4, and a temperature value can be obtained according to resonance and reflection of radio frequency signals in the device. The complete structure of the measuring device comprises a cylindrical cavity and a radio frequency coaxial cavity. The length of the cylindrical cavity is 25mm, the outer radius is 2.3mm, a hollow high-dielectric-constant cylinder is filled in the cylindrical cavity, a movable ceramic rod is inserted into the center of the hollow high-dielectric-constant cylinder, when the initial temperature is T 0, the whole length L=18 mm of the ceramic rod has the radius r 2 =0.5 mm, and the sectional area S=4.5 mm 2. One end of the movable ceramic rod extends out of the cylindrical cavity and is contacted with an object to be detected, the extending length is 4mm, namely, the initial state is achieved, and the other end of the movable ceramic rod is connected with a copper rod structure extending from a copper core of the radio frequency coaxial cavity. The length of the radio frequency coaxial cavity is 50mm, the outer radius is 2mm, the structure is sequentially provided with a plastic protective insulating layer, reticular copper serving as an outer conductor, a PE dielectric layer and a copper core from outside to inside, and the radius of the copper core is 0.8mm. The copper core is of a hollow structure, the radius of an air column is 0.5mm, and the air column is provided with a vent hole to be connected with the outside air. The part of the copper rod in the cylindrical cavity structure wraps the spring, the initial state length is 11mm under the condition that the spring is not compressed, the metal rod and the spring are both in the cavity, and in addition, a spring fixing structure of a nonmetallic medium is arranged in the cavity and used for fixing the position of the spring to prevent sliding, and the copper rod is connected with a copper core structure of the radio frequency coaxial cavity and can be inserted into the copper core under the driving of the spring. One end of the radio frequency coaxial cavity is connected with the cylindrical cavity, and the other end is connected with the radio frequency signal receiving and transmitting device through a coaxial connector.
The temperature measurement method provided by the device is as follows, the device is in an initial state when the temperature is T 0, the extension length of the movable nonmetallic rod outside the cylindrical cavity is 4mm, the lengths of the copper rod and the spring in the cylindrical cavity are 11mm, and the device is zeroed according to the initial state. When the device works and measures, an object to be measured contacts one end of the movable ceramic rod extending out of the cylindrical cavity, the position of the object to be measured and the device is kept fixed, the movable ceramic rod is heated and expanded to generate thermal stress to push the spring to stretch and change the length, the copper rod is inserted into the copper core of the radio frequency coaxial cavity under the driving of the spring, the length proportion of the copper rod and the movable ceramic rod in the cylindrical cavity is changed, signals are transmitted to the device through the signal transceiver, the resonant frequency and the amplitude of the reflected signals received by the signal transceiver are changed under the action of different temperatures, the resonant frequency point is deviated within the range of 6-8GHz, and a relation curve delta L (delta f, delta A) of the displacement quantity of the movable ceramic rod, the resonant frequency and the amplitude is obtained; by the above calculation formula, the temperature value T is determined by a differential analysis method, and the length of the movable ceramic rod is l=18 mm at the initial temperature T 0.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A high-precision composite measurement device, comprising:
A cylindrical cavity (1) filled with a hollow high dielectric constant cylinder (13);
A movable nonmetal rod (11) is inserted into the center of a cavity (15) of the high dielectric constant cylinder (13), one end of the movable nonmetal rod extends out of the cylindrical cavity (1) to be contacted with the object (3) to be detected, and the other end of the movable nonmetal rod is connected with a metal rod (211); the metal rod (211) is wrapped with a spring (12), is structurally connected with the metal core (21) of the radio frequency coaxial cavity (2), and can be inserted into the metal core (21) structure under the driving of the spring (12), and the movable nonmetallic rod (11) is made of a thermal expansion material;
The radio frequency coaxial cavity (2) is sequentially provided with a protective insulating layer (23), an outer conductor (22), an insulating medium layer (24) and a metal core (21) from outside to inside, wherein an air column (25) is arranged in the joint part of the metal core (21) and the cylindrical cavity (1), and the air column (25) is connected with the outside air through a vent hole (26);
the signal receiving and transmitting device (4) is connected with the radio frequency coaxial cavity (2) through the coaxial connector (5) and is used for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals.
2. A high precision composite measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the length ratio between the metal rod (211) and the metal core (21) of the radio frequency coaxial cavity (2) is variable in response to deformation, pressure or temperature changes, wherein the metal rod (211) is insertable into the metal core (21) structure under the drive of the spring (12).
3. A high precision composite measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that for deformation measurement the displacement of the movable nonmetallic rod (11) is detected by a change in the amount of insertion of the metallic rod (211), wherein the change in the amount of insertion of the metallic rod (211) results in a change in the electromagnetic field distribution within the radio frequency coaxial cavity (2).
4. A high precision composite measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that for pressure measurement, the pressure exerted by the object (3) to be measured on the movable nonmetallic rod (11) causes the metallic rod (211) to be pushed into the metallic core (21) structure, thereby changing the resonance characteristics of the rf coaxial cavity (2).
5. A high precision composite measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that the movable nonmetallic rod (11) is made of a thermally expansive material for temperature measurement, and the temperature change causes the length of the movable nonmetallic rod (11) to change, thereby pushing the metallic rod (211) and compressing the spring (12), resulting in the change of the resonant frequency and amplitude in the radio frequency coaxial cavity (2).
6. A high-precision composite measurement method applied to the high-precision composite measurement device as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
Calibrating the measuring device to an initial state, and ensuring that the maximum length of the movable nonmetallic rod (11) outside the cylindrical cavity (1) is not contacted with the object (3) to be measured;
Transmitting a radio frequency signal to the radio frequency coaxial cavity (2) through the signal receiving and transmitting device (4) so as to generate an electromagnetic field;
The object (3) to be measured applies deformation, pressure or temperature to the movable nonmetal rod (11), so that the metal rod (211) is inserted into the metal core (21) structure under the driving of the spring (12), and the electromagnetic field distribution is changed;
Receiving a radio frequency signal reflected by the radio frequency coaxial cavity (2) to obtain a reflected signal;
The resonance frequency and amplitude variation of the reflected signal are analyzed to determine the amount of change Δf in the resonance frequency and the amount of change Δa in the amplitude caused by deformation, pressure, or temperature.
7. A high-precision composite measurement method according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises, when used for deformation measurement:
Determining the displacement of the movable nonmetallic rod (11) according to the change of the insertion quantity of the metallic rod (211);
calculating a deformation value B based on the calculation formula (a);
（a）
wherein B is a deformation value, deltaf is a resonance frequency variation of the reflected signal, deltaA is an amplitude variation of the reflected signal, and L is an initial length of the movable nonmetallic rod (11).
8. The high precision composite measurement method according to claim 7, wherein when used for pressure measurement, comprising:
determining the extent to which the metal rod (211) is pushed into the structure of the metal core (21) according to the pressure exerted by the object (3) to be measured;
calculating a pressure value F based on the calculation formula (b);
（b）
Wherein F is a pressure value, E is an elastic modulus of the movable nonmetallic rod (11), S is a sectional area of the movable nonmetallic rod (11), and DeltaL is a displacement amount of the movable nonmetallic rod (11).
9. The high precision composite measurement method according to claim 8, wherein when used for temperature measurement, comprising:
determining the movement amount of the metal rod (211) according to the length change of the movable nonmetallic rod (11) caused by the temperature change;
Calculating a temperature value T based on the calculation formula (c);
（c）
Wherein T is a temperature value, alpha is a thermal expansion coefficient of the movable nonmetallic rod (11), and T 0 is an initial temperature.
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| CN114215035A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-03-22 | 同济大学 | Static sounding probe combined with TDR technology, detection system and measurement method |
| CN117388287A (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2024-01-12 | 内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司 | Insulating oil micro-water measurement method of lambda/4-based microwave coaxial resonant cavity |
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| EP0702524A4 (en) * | 1993-03-05 | 1998-12-30 | Armen N Sahagen | Probe for monitoring a fluid medium |
| CN117476290B (en) * | 2023-11-13 | 2024-09-03 | 中天射频电缆有限公司 | Method for manufacturing radio frequency coaxial cable, radio frequency coaxial cable and manufacturing device |
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| CN114215035A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-03-22 | 同济大学 | Static sounding probe combined with TDR technology, detection system and measurement method |
| CN117388287A (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2024-01-12 | 内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司 | Insulating oil micro-water measurement method of lambda/4-based microwave coaxial resonant cavity |
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