CN118390956A - Drilling pressure relief device for coal pillar along fault abnormal section - Google Patents
Drilling pressure relief device for coal pillar along fault abnormal section Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 41
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 30
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 101100012902 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) FIG2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 101001121408 Homo sapiens L-amino-acid oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 101100233916 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) KAR5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/002—Drilling with diversely driven shafts extending into the borehole
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
- E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
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Abstract
本发明涉及煤柱钻孔用设备技术领域，且公开了一种沿断层异形区段煤柱钻孔泄压装置，包括：钻孔杆，还包括：支撑块，设置在所述钻孔杆下方；第一连接杆，固定连接在所述支撑块上表面；第二连接杆，固定连接在所述支撑块表面，且环形设置有至少三组；转动筒，均转动连接在所述第二连接杆表面；第一伞齿轮，转动连接在所述第一连接杆表面；第二伞齿轮，均固定连接在所述转动筒表面；转动筒在转动时带动滑动架同步进行转动，使得滑动架在转动时通过表面的切割块与煤岩体进行接触切割，从而对其进行钻孔，通过设置的多组连接盘与多组切割块，在切割时能够从多方面对煤岩体进行切割钻孔，便于从薄弱处进行钻孔的同时，提高了钻孔效率。
The present invention relates to the technical field of equipment for coal pillar drilling, and discloses a pressure relief device for coal pillar drilling along a fault-shaped section, comprising: a drilling rod, and also comprising: a support block, which is arranged below the drilling rod; a first connecting rod, which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support block; a second connecting rod, which is fixedly connected to the surface of the support block, and is annularly arranged in at least three groups; a rotating cylinder, which is rotatably connected to the surface of the second connecting rod; a first bevel gear, which is rotatably connected to the surface of the first connecting rod; and a second bevel gear, which is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating cylinder; when the rotating cylinder rotates, it drives the sliding frame to rotate synchronously, so that when the sliding frame rotates, the cutting block on the surface contacts and cuts the coal rock mass, thereby drilling the coal rock mass; by setting multiple groups of connecting plates and multiple groups of cutting blocks, the coal rock mass can be cut and drilled from multiple aspects during cutting, which is convenient for drilling from weak points and improves the drilling efficiency.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及煤柱钻孔用设备技术领域，具体为一种沿断层异形区段煤柱钻孔泄压装置。The invention relates to the technical field of equipment for coal pillar drilling, in particular to a pressure relief device for coal pillar drilling along a fault-shaped section.
背景技术Background technique
与浅部开采相比，深部开采煤煤岩体所处应力环境更为复杂，受高应力、强开采扰动及复杂地质构造的作用，冲击地压发生的频率和强度明显增加。目前对冲击地压的研究取得了丰富的研究成果，但由于地下煤岩体自身的“不透明”性及其所处的应力环境不确定性，冲击地压仍是煤岩体科技工作者面临的棘手难题，针对上述问题，众多学者在冲击地压综合防治当前的研究取得了长足的进展，为煤炭的安全开采提供保障。钻孔卸压技术针对煤岩体冲击地压防治的一种有效的局部性主动解危措施可以避免高应力集中和改善煤煤岩体介质性质以减弱积聚弹性能的能力。在煤体或煤岩体中的钻孔卸压法因具有效率高、成本低、卸压效果好等优点受到煤岩体企业的青睐。Compared with shallow mining, the stress environment of coal and rock mass in deep mining is more complex. Due to high stress, strong mining disturbance and complex geological structure, the frequency and intensity of rock burst are significantly increased. At present, the research on rock burst has achieved rich results, but due to the "opacity" of underground coal and rock mass itself and the uncertainty of its stress environment, rock burst is still a difficult problem faced by coal and rock mass scientific and technological workers. In response to the above problems, many scholars have made great progress in the current research on comprehensive prevention and control of rock burst, providing guarantee for safe coal mining. Drilling pressure relief technology is an effective local active emergency measure for the prevention and control of rock burst in coal and rock mass. It can avoid high stress concentration and improve the medium properties of coal and rock mass to weaken the ability to accumulate elastic energy. The drilling pressure relief method in coal or coal rock mass is favored by coal and rock mass enterprises because of its high efficiency, low cost and good pressure relief effect.
然而现有的卸压装置在现场使用中仍存在一定的不足，主要表现在卸压装置中的钻头刚性不足、稳定性不高，在对深层煤岩体进行钻孔时，由于钻头仅仅是通过驱动组件带动钻头进行钻孔，旋转挤压从而进行钻孔，遇到一些硬度较大的煤岩体时，需要花费较长的时间来对其进行持续钻孔，使用起来费时费力。However, the existing pressure relief devices still have certain shortcomings in field use, mainly manifested in the insufficient rigidity and low stability of the drill bit in the pressure relief device. When drilling deep coal and rock masses, the drill bit is only driven by a driving assembly to drill holes, and the drilling is performed by rotating and squeezing. When encountering some coal and rock masses with higher hardness, it takes a long time to continuously drill them, which is time-consuming and laborious to use.
发明内容Summary of the invention
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种沿断层异形区段煤柱钻孔泄压装置，具备通过设置的多组连接盘与多组切割块，在切割时能够从多方面对煤岩体进行切割钻孔，便于从薄弱处进行钻孔的同时，提高了钻孔效率，通过设置的切割块与煤岩体接触时，支撑板会带动整体向上移动，使得支撑板带动连接盘向上移动，从而挤压缓冲弹簧，缓冲弹簧因弹性势能收缩，从而施加相反的推力推动连接盘复位，从而起到对连接盘在切割时泄压缓冲的作用优点，解决了卸压装置中的钻头刚性不足、稳定性不高，在对深层煤岩体进行钻孔时，由于钻头仅仅是通过驱动组件带动钻头进行钻孔，旋转挤压从而进行钻孔，遇到一些硬度较大的煤岩体时，需要花费较长的时间来对其进行持续钻孔，使用起来费时费力的问题。In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a pressure relief device for drilling coal pillars along fault-shaped sections, which is equipped with multiple groups of connecting plates and multiple groups of cutting blocks. During cutting, the coal rock mass can be cut and drilled from multiple aspects, which is convenient for drilling from weak points and improves the drilling efficiency. When the arranged cutting blocks come into contact with the coal rock mass, the support plate will drive the entire mass to move upward, so that the support plate drives the connecting plate to move upward, thereby squeezing the buffer spring. The buffer spring contracts due to elastic potential energy, thereby exerting an opposite thrust to push the connecting plate to reset, thereby playing the role of pressure relief and buffering for the connecting plate during cutting. The device solves the problem of insufficient rigidity and low stability of the drill bit in the pressure relief device. When drilling deep coal rock mass, since the drill bit only drives the drill bit to drill through a driving assembly and rotates and squeezes to drill, when encountering some coal rock masses with greater hardness, it takes a long time to continuously drill the holes, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive to use.
为实现上述通过设置的多组连接盘与多组切割块，在切割时能够从多方面对煤岩体进行切割钻孔，便于从薄弱处进行钻孔的同时，提高了钻孔效率，通过设置的切割块与煤岩体接触时，支撑板会带动整体向上移动，使得支撑板带动连接盘向上移动，从而挤压缓冲弹簧，缓冲弹簧因弹性势能收缩，从而施加相反的推力推动连接盘复位，从而起到对连接盘在切割时泄压缓冲的作用目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种沿断层异形区段煤柱钻孔泄压装置，包括：钻孔杆，还包括：In order to achieve the above-mentioned multiple groups of connecting plates and multiple groups of cutting blocks, the coal rock mass can be cut and drilled from multiple aspects during cutting, which is convenient for drilling from weak points and improves the drilling efficiency. When the arranged cutting blocks contact the coal rock mass, the support plate will drive the whole to move upward, so that the support plate drives the connecting plate to move upward, thereby squeezing the buffer spring. The buffer spring shrinks due to elastic potential energy, thereby exerting an opposite thrust to push the connecting plate to reset, thereby achieving the purpose of pressure relief and buffering for the connecting plate during cutting. The present invention provides the following technical solutions: A pressure relief device for drilling coal pillars along fault-shaped sections, comprising: a drilling rod, and also comprising:
支撑块，设置在所述钻孔杆下方；A support block, disposed below the drilling rod;
第一连接杆，固定连接在所述支撑块上表面；A first connecting rod, fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support block;
第二连接杆，固定连接在所述支撑块表面，且环形设置有至少三组；Second connecting rods, fixedly connected to the surface of the support block, and arranged in at least three groups in an annular manner;
转动筒，均转动连接在所述第二连接杆表面；The rotating cylinders are all rotatably connected to the surface of the second connecting rod;
第一伞齿轮，转动连接在所述第一连接杆表面；A first bevel gear, rotatably connected to the surface of the first connecting rod;
第二伞齿轮，均固定连接在所述转动筒表面；The second bevel gears are fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating cylinder;
所述第一伞齿轮与第二伞齿轮均啮合连接；The first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are both meshed and connected;
转动盘，均固定连接在所述转动筒表面，且位于第二伞齿轮一侧；The rotating discs are fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating cylinder and are located on one side of the second bevel gear;
支撑板，均设置在所述转动盘一侧；The support plates are all arranged on one side of the rotating disk;
连接盘，设置在所述支撑块上方；A connecting plate, arranged above the supporting block;
所述支撑板一侧表面均与所述连接盘表面固定连接；One side surface of the support plate is fixedly connected to the surface of the connection plate;
旋转套筒，固定连接在所述第一伞齿轮上表面，且贯穿连接盘并延伸至钻孔杆内部；A rotating sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the first bevel gear, passes through the connecting plate and extends to the inside of the drilling rod;
滑动架，固定连接在所述连接盘上表面，且围绕连接盘的中心环形设置；A sliding frame, fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting plate and arranged in an annular manner around the center of the connecting plate;
所述滑动架套设在钻孔杆表面，所述第二连接杆设置为倾斜状，所述转动盘表面均环形设置有若干切割块，所述旋转套筒与驱动组件的输出端相连接，从而驱动旋转套筒进行转动，所述第一伞齿轮下表面固定连接有驱动轴，所述驱动轴套设在第一连接杆表面，且贯穿并延伸至支撑块下方，所述驱动轴下端固定连接有钻头，由于第一伞齿轮与第二伞齿轮单级传动比可达到6，最大传动比能够达到8，在传递功率上可达到3700千瓦，圆周速度可达到每秒40米，而煤岩体钻机使用的发动机大多数为264千瓦，因此第一伞齿轮与第二伞齿轮能够适用于煤岩体钻机的传动力，煤岩体按硬度分为极硬煤层5 0>f>4．0、硬煤层4，0>f>3，0、中硬煤层3，0 >f>1，5、软煤层1，5>f>0，8、极软煤层0，8>f>0．5五个类别，本装置适用于中硬煤层、软煤层与极软煤层。The sliding frame is sleeved on the surface of the drilling rod, the second connecting rod is set in an inclined shape, and a plurality of cutting blocks are arranged in an annular manner on the surface of the rotating disk. The rotating sleeve is connected to the output end of the driving assembly, so as to drive the rotating sleeve to rotate. A driving shaft is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the first bevel gear, and the driving shaft is sleeved on the surface of the first connecting rod, and penetrates and extends to the bottom of the supporting block. A drill bit is fixedly connected to the lower end of the driving shaft. Since the single-stage transmission ratio of the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear can reach 6 and the maximum transmission ratio can reach 8, the transmission power can reach 3700 kilowatts and the circumferential speed can reach 40 meters per second. Most of the engines used in coal rock drilling rigs are 264 kilowatts. Therefore, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear can be suitable for the transmission power of coal rock drilling rigs. Coal rock is divided into extremely hard coal seams 50>f>4.0, hard coal seams 4,0>f>3,0, and medium hard coal seams 3,0 according to hardness. >f>1,5, soft coal seam 1,5>f>0,8, extremely soft coal seam 0,8>f>0.5. This device is suitable for medium hard coal seam, soft coal seam and extremely soft coal seam.
进一步的，所述钻孔杆与连接盘上表面转动连接，所述连接盘上表面固定连接有缓冲弹簧，所述缓冲弹簧的一端与钻孔杆外表面固定连接，所述旋转套筒表面套设有连接转盘，所述连接转盘与旋转套筒表面转动连接，所述连接转盘上表面固定连接有推动杆，所述推动杆对称设置有左右两组，转动筒在转动时带动滑动架同步进行转动，使得滑动架在转动时通过表面的切割块与煤岩体进行接触切割，从而对其进行钻孔，通过设置的多组连接盘与多组切割块，在切割时能够从多方面对煤岩体进行切割钻孔，便于从薄弱处进行钻孔的同时，提高了钻孔效率。Furthermore, the drilling rod is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the connecting disk, and a buffer spring is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting disk, one end of the buffer spring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the drilling rod, and a connecting turntable is sleeved on the surface of the rotating sleeve, and the connecting turntable is rotatably connected to the surface of the rotating sleeve, and a push rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting turntable, and the push rod is symmetrically arranged in two left and right groups. When the rotating cylinder rotates, the sliding frame drives the sliding frame to rotate synchronously, so that when the sliding frame rotates, the cutting block on the surface contacts and cuts the coal rock mass, thereby drilling holes in it. By setting up multiple groups of connecting disks and multiple groups of cutting blocks, the coal rock mass can be cut and drilled from multiple aspects during cutting, which is convenient for drilling from weak points and improves the drilling efficiency.
进一步的，所述钻孔杆内壁表面固定连接有配合块，所述配合块位于推动杆一侧，所述推动杆贯穿并延伸至配合块上方，用于起到导向作用。Furthermore, a matching block is fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the drilling rod, and the matching block is located on one side of the pushing rod. The pushing rod passes through and extends to the top of the matching block to play a guiding role.
进一步的，所述钻孔杆内部开设有泄压层，所述钻孔杆内壁之间通过泄压层固定连接有滑动杆，所述滑动杆对称设置有左右两组，所述滑动杆表面套设有泄压弹簧，所述旋转套筒表面滑动连接有活塞板，所述滑动杆贯穿活塞板并与钻孔杆内壁滑动连接。Furthermore, a pressure relief layer is provided inside the drilling rod, and a sliding rod is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the drilling rod through the pressure relief layer. The sliding rod is symmetrically arranged in two left and right groups, and a pressure relief spring is sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod. A piston plate is slidably connected to the surface of the rotating sleeve, and the sliding rod penetrates the piston plate and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the drilling rod.
进一步的，所述旋转套筒表面且位于活塞板上方开设有出水孔，所述旋转套筒上端固定连接有安装块，所述安装块上表面开设有安装槽，所述安装块内部且位于安装槽的表面开设有若干入水孔，通过水泵带动水流从旋转套筒内输送至钻孔的内部从而进行冲洗，同时水流在进行流动时，会从旋转套筒表面的入水孔流出，堆积在活塞板表面，由于水流的持续冲击，从而推动活塞板向下移动挤压泄压弹簧，泄压弹簧因弹性势能收缩，从而产生反推的力，当水泵停止输水时，泄压弹簧因弹性势能反推活塞板从而使得活塞板复位，从而完成一次冲洗的同时，进行泄压，所述泄压弹簧的弹性压力设置为5N，水流压力能够轻易使其进行弹性形变。Furthermore, a water outlet hole is provided on the surface of the rotating sleeve and above the piston plate, and a mounting block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating sleeve. A mounting groove is provided on the upper surface of the mounting block, and a plurality of water inlet holes are provided inside the mounting block and on the surface of the mounting groove. The water flow is driven by the water pump to be transported from the rotating sleeve to the inside of the drilled hole for flushing. At the same time, when the water flows, it will flow out from the water inlet holes on the surface of the rotating sleeve and accumulate on the surface of the piston plate. Due to the continuous impact of the water flow, the piston plate is pushed downward to squeeze the pressure relief spring. The pressure relief spring contracts due to elastic potential energy, thereby generating a reverse thrust force. When the water pump stops delivering water, the pressure relief spring pushes the piston plate back due to the elastic potential energy, thereby resetting the piston plate, thereby completing a flushing and relieving pressure at the same time. The elastic pressure of the pressure relief spring is set to 5N, and the water flow pressure can easily cause it to elastically deform.
进一步的，所述旋转套筒上方设置有驱动电机，所述驱动电机的输出端固定连接有对接杆，所述对接杆下端固定连接有与安装块相配合的对接块，通过设置的驱动电机输出端固定连接的对接杆通过对接块插入至安装块内部的安装槽内，随后工作人员将驱动电机外接入电源后，将装置移动至需要钻孔的地点，启动驱动电机，驱动电机的输出端带动对接杆转动，对接杆通过对接块带动安装块进行转动，能够实现对旋转套筒的延伸，便于对钻孔深度的延长。Furthermore, a driving motor is arranged above the rotating sleeve, and the output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to a docking rod, and the lower end of the docking rod is fixedly connected to a docking block that matches the mounting block. The docking rod fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor is inserted into the mounting groove inside the mounting block through the docking block. Then the staff connects the driving motor to a power source, moves the device to the location where drilling is required, starts the driving motor, and the output end of the driving motor drives the docking rod to rotate. The docking rod drives the mounting block to rotate through the docking block, which can realize the extension of the rotating sleeve and facilitate the extension of the drilling depth.
进一步的，所述钻孔杆内壁之间通过泄压层固定连接有泄压杆，所述钻孔杆内壁上表面固定连接有复位弹簧，所述复位弹簧套设在泄压杆表面，所述旋转套筒表面套设有推动板。Furthermore, a pressure relief rod is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the drilling rod via a pressure relief layer, a reset spring is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the inner wall of the drilling rod, the reset spring is sleeved on the surface of the pressure relief rod, and a push plate is sleeved on the surface of the rotating sleeve.
进一步的，所述泄压杆贯穿推动板表面，所述推动杆位于复位弹簧下方，所述复位弹簧与推动板上表面固定连接，所述旋转套筒表面且位于推动板下方开设有通水口，所述复位弹簧的弹性压力设置为5N，水流压力能够轻易使其进行弹性形变。Furthermore, the pressure relief rod passes through the surface of the push plate, the push rod is located below the reset spring, the reset spring is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the push plate, a water outlet is provided on the surface of the rotating sleeve and below the push plate, the elastic pressure of the reset spring is set to 5N, and the water flow pressure can easily cause it to undergo elastic deformation.
与现有技术相比，本发明提供了一种沿断层异形区段煤柱钻孔泄压装置，具备以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a pressure relief device for drilling coal pillars along fault-shaped sections, which has the following beneficial effects:
1、该沿断层异形区段煤柱钻孔泄压装置，通过设置的旋转套筒转动时带动第一伞齿轮进行转动，第一伞齿轮在第一连接杆一端进行转动，第一伞齿轮在转动时，与第二伞齿轮进行啮合，使其在转动时带动第二伞齿轮同步转动，第二伞齿轮通过转动筒在第二连接杆表面进行转动，转动筒在转动时带动滑动架同步进行转动，使得滑动架在转动时通过表面的切割块与煤岩体进行接触切割，从而对其进行钻孔，通过设置的多组连接盘与多组切割块，在切割时能够从多方面对煤岩体进行切割钻孔，便于从薄弱处进行钻孔的同时，提高了钻孔效率。1. The pressure relief device for drilling coal pillars along fault-shaped sections drives the first bevel gear to rotate when the rotating sleeve is rotated. The first bevel gear rotates at one end of the first connecting rod. When the first bevel gear rotates, it meshes with the second bevel gear, so that it drives the second bevel gear to rotate synchronously when it rotates. The second bevel gear rotates on the surface of the second connecting rod through the rotating cylinder. When the rotating cylinder rotates, it drives the sliding frame to rotate synchronously, so that when the sliding frame rotates, the cutting block on the surface contacts and cuts the coal and rock mass, thereby drilling the coal and rock mass. By setting multiple groups of connecting plates and multiple groups of cutting blocks, the coal and rock mass can be cut and drilled from multiple aspects during cutting, which is convenient for drilling from weak points and improves the drilling efficiency.
2、该沿断层异形区段煤柱钻孔泄压装置，通过设置的驱动电机输出端固定连接的对接杆通过对接块插入至安装块内部的安装槽内，随后工作人员将驱动电机外接入电源后，将装置移动至需要钻孔的地点，启动驱动电机，驱动电机的输出端带动对接杆转动，对接杆通过对接块带动安装块进行转动，能够实现对旋转套筒的延伸，便于对钻孔深度的延长，通过设置的切割块与煤岩体接触时，支撑板会带动整体向上移动，使得支撑板带动连接盘向上移动，从而挤压缓冲弹簧，缓冲弹簧因弹性势能收缩，从而施加相反的推力推动连接盘复位，从而起到对连接盘在切割时泄压缓冲的作用，通过水泵带动水流从旋转套筒内输送至钻孔的内部从而进行冲洗，同时水流在进行流动时，会从旋转套筒表面的入水孔流出，堆积在活塞板表面，由于水流的持续冲击，从而推动活塞板向下移动挤压泄压弹簧，泄压弹簧因弹性势能收缩，从而产生反推的力，当水泵停止输水时，泄压弹簧因弹性势能反推活塞板从而使得活塞板复位，从而完成一次冲洗的同时，进行泄压。2. The pressure relief device for drilling coal pillars along fault-shaped sections is configured such that a docking rod fixedly connected to the output end of a driving motor is inserted into the mounting groove inside the mounting block through a docking block. Subsequently, the staff connects the driving motor to a power source, moves the device to the location where a hole needs to be drilled, starts the driving motor, and the output end of the driving motor drives the docking rod to rotate. The docking rod drives the mounting block to rotate through the docking block, which can extend the rotating sleeve and facilitate the extension of the drilling depth. When the provided cutting block contacts the coal rock mass, the support plate drives the entirety to move upward, so that the support plate drives the connecting plate to move upward, thereby squeezing the buffer spring, and the buffer The spring contracts due to elastic potential energy, thereby applying an opposite thrust to push the connecting disk to reset, thereby playing a role in pressure relief and buffering the connecting disk during cutting. The water pump drives the water flow from the rotating sleeve to the inside of the borehole for flushing. At the same time, when the water flows, it will flow out from the water inlet hole on the surface of the rotating sleeve and accumulate on the surface of the piston plate. Due to the continuous impact of the water flow, the piston plate is pushed downward to squeeze the pressure relief spring. The pressure relief spring contracts due to elastic potential energy, thereby generating a reverse thrust force. When the water pump stops delivering water, the pressure relief spring pushes the piston plate back due to elastic potential energy, thereby resetting the piston plate, thereby completing a flushing and relieving pressure at the same time.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明一种沿断层异形区段煤柱钻孔泄压装置整体结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a pressure relief device for drilling coal pillars along fault-shaped sections according to the present invention;
图2为本发明一种沿断层异形区段煤柱钻孔泄压装置钻孔杆结构内部示意图；FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a drilling rod of a pressure relief device for drilling a coal pillar in a fault-shaped section according to the present invention;
图3为本发明一种沿断层异形区段煤柱钻孔泄压装置图2中A处结构放大示意图；FIG3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure relief device for drilling coal pillars along fault-shaped sections of the present invention at A in FIG2 ;
图4为本发明一种沿断层异形区段煤柱钻孔泄压装置转动盘结构示意图；FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotating disk of a pressure relief device for drilling coal pillars in a fault-shaped section according to the present invention;
图5为本发明一种沿断层异形区段煤柱钻孔泄压装置支撑块结构示意图；FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a support block of a pressure relief device for drilling coal pillars in a fault-shaped section according to the present invention;
图6为本发明一种沿断层异形区段煤柱钻孔泄压装置泄压层结构示意图；FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pressure relief layer of a pressure relief device for drilling a coal pillar in a fault-shaped section according to the present invention;
图7为本发明一种沿断层异形区段煤柱钻孔泄压装置安装块结构示意图；FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an installation block for a pressure relief device for drilling a coal pillar in a fault-shaped section according to the present invention;
图8为本发明一种沿断层异形区段煤柱钻孔泄压装置可替换的实施例结构示意图。FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a replaceable pressure relief device for drilling coal pillars in a fault-shaped section according to the present invention.
图中：1、钻孔杆；2、支撑块；3、驱动轴；4、第二连接杆；5、转动筒；6、第一伞齿轮；7、第二伞齿轮；8、转动盘；9、支撑板；10、推动板；11、连接盘；12、旋转套筒；13、滑动架；14、切割块；15、缓冲弹簧；16、连接转盘；17、推动杆；18、配合块；19、泄压层；20、滑动杆；21、泄压弹簧；22、活塞板；23、安装块；24、安装槽；25、驱动电机；26、对接杆；27、泄压杆；28、复位弹簧；29、钻头。In the figure: 1, drilling rod; 2, supporting block; 3, driving shaft; 4, second connecting rod; 5, rotating cylinder; 6, first bevel gear; 7, second bevel gear; 8, rotating disk; 9, supporting plate; 10, pushing plate; 11, connecting disk; 12, rotating sleeve; 13, sliding frame; 14, cutting block; 15, buffer spring; 16, connecting turntable; 17, pushing rod; 18, matching block; 19, pressure relief layer; 20, sliding rod; 21, pressure relief spring; 22, piston plate; 23, mounting block; 24, mounting groove; 25, driving motor; 26, docking rod; 27, pressure relief rod; 28, reset spring; 29, drill bit.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
具体实施例一，请参阅图1-7，一种沿断层异形区段煤柱钻孔泄压装置，包括：钻孔杆1，还包括：Specific embodiment 1, please refer to Figures 1-7, a pressure relief device for drilling coal pillars along fault-shaped sections, including: a drilling rod 1, and also including:
支撑块2，设置在钻孔杆1下方；A support block 2 is arranged below the drilling rod 1;
第一连接杆，固定连接在支撑块2上表面；A first connecting rod, fixedly connected to the upper surface of the supporting block 2;
第二连接杆4，固定连接在支撑块2表面，且环形设置有至少三组；The second connecting rods 4 are fixedly connected to the surface of the supporting block 2, and are arranged in at least three groups in an annular shape;
转动筒5，均转动连接在第二连接杆4表面；The rotating cylinder 5 is rotatably connected to the surface of the second connecting rod 4;
第一伞齿轮6，转动连接在第一连接杆表面；A first bevel gear 6, rotatably connected to the surface of the first connecting rod;
第二伞齿轮7，均固定连接在转动筒5表面；The second bevel gears 7 are fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating cylinder 5;
第一伞齿轮6与第二伞齿轮7均啮合连接；The first bevel gear 6 and the second bevel gear 7 are meshed and connected;
转动盘8，均固定连接在转动筒5表面，且位于第二伞齿轮7一侧；The rotating disc 8 is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating cylinder 5 and is located on one side of the second bevel gear 7;
支撑板9，均设置在转动盘8一侧；The support plates 9 are all arranged on one side of the rotating disk 8;
连接盘11，设置在支撑块2上方；A connecting plate 11 is arranged above the supporting block 2;
支撑板9一侧表面均与连接盘11表面固定连接；One side surface of the support plate 9 is fixedly connected to the surface of the connection plate 11;
旋转套筒12，固定连接在第一伞齿轮6上表面，且贯穿连接盘11并延伸至钻孔杆1内部；The rotating sleeve 12 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the first bevel gear 6, passes through the connecting plate 11 and extends to the inside of the drilling rod 1;
滑动架13，固定连接在连接盘11上表面，且围绕连接盘11的中心环形设置；The sliding frame 13 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting plate 11 and is arranged in a ring shape around the center of the connecting plate 11;
滑动架13套设在钻孔杆1表面，第二连接杆4设置为倾斜状，转动盘8表面均环形设置有若干切割块14，旋转套筒12与驱动组件的输出端相连接，从而驱动旋转套筒12进行转动,第一伞齿轮6下表面固定连接有驱动轴3，驱动轴3套设在第一连接杆表面，且贯穿并延伸至支撑块2下方，驱动轴3下端固定连接有钻头29；The sliding frame 13 is sleeved on the surface of the drilling rod 1, the second connecting rod 4 is set in an inclined shape, and a plurality of cutting blocks 14 are arranged in an annular manner on the surface of the rotating disk 8. The rotating sleeve 12 is connected to the output end of the driving assembly, thereby driving the rotating sleeve 12 to rotate. The lower surface of the first bevel gear 6 is fixedly connected to the driving shaft 3, which is sleeved on the surface of the first connecting rod and penetrates and extends to the bottom of the supporting block 2. The lower end of the driving shaft 3 is fixedly connected to the drill bit 29;
钻孔杆1与连接盘11上表面转动连接，连接盘11上表面固定连接有缓冲弹簧15，缓冲弹簧15的一端与钻孔杆1外表面固定连接，旋转套筒12表面套设有连接转盘16，连接转盘16与旋转套筒12表面转动连接，连接转盘16上表面固定连接有推动杆17，推动杆17对称设置有左右两组，钻孔杆1内壁表面固定连接有配合块18，配合块18位于推动杆17一侧，推动杆17贯穿并延伸至配合块18上方，钻孔杆1内部开设有泄压层19，钻孔杆1内壁之间通过泄压层19固定连接有滑动杆20，滑动杆20对称设置有左右两组，滑动杆20表面套设有泄压弹簧21，旋转套筒12表面滑动连接有活塞板22，滑动杆20贯穿活塞板22并与钻孔杆1内壁滑动连接，旋转套筒12表面且位于活塞板22上方开设有出水孔，旋转套筒12上端固定连接有安装块23，安装块23上表面开设有安装槽24，安装块23内部且位于安装槽24的表面开设有若干入水孔，旋转套筒12上方设置有驱动电机25，驱动电机25的输出端固定连接有对接杆26，对接杆26下端固定连接有与安装块23相配合的对接块。The drilling rod 1 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the connecting disk 11, and a buffer spring 15 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting disk 11. One end of the buffer spring 15 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the drilling rod 1. A connecting turntable 16 is sleeved on the surface of the rotating sleeve 12. The connecting turntable 16 is rotatably connected to the surface of the rotating sleeve 12. A push rod 17 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting turntable 16. The push rod 17 is symmetrically arranged in two groups on the left and right. A matching block 18 is fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the drilling rod 1. The matching block 18 is located on one side of the push rod 17. The push rod 17 penetrates and extends to the top of the matching block 18. A pressure relief layer 19 is opened inside the drilling rod 1. A sliding rod 20 is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the drilling rod 1 through the pressure relief layer 19. The movable rod 20 is symmetrically arranged in two groups on the left and right, and a pressure relief spring 21 is sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod 20. A piston plate 22 is slidably connected to the surface of the rotating sleeve 12. The sliding rod 20 penetrates the piston plate 22 and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the drilling rod 1. A water outlet is provided on the surface of the rotating sleeve 12 and above the piston plate 22. A mounting block 23 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating sleeve 12, and a mounting groove 24 is provided on the upper surface of the mounting block 23. A plurality of water inlet holes are provided inside the mounting block 23 and on the surface located at the mounting groove 24. A driving motor 25 is arranged above the rotating sleeve 12, and a docking rod 26 is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor 25, and a docking block matching the mounting block 23 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the docking rod 26.
可替换具体实施例二，请参阅图1-8，钻孔杆1内壁之间通过泄压层19固定连接有泄压杆27，钻孔杆1内壁上表面固定连接有复位弹簧28，复位弹簧28套设在泄压杆27表面，旋转套筒12表面套设有推动板10，泄压杆27贯穿推动板10表面，推动杆17位于复位弹簧28下方，复位弹簧28与推动板10上表面固定连接，旋转套筒12表面且位于推动板10下方开设有通水口，水泵将水流输送至旋转套筒12时，水流通过通水口流入至钻孔杆1内部，通过水流的冲击推动推动板10向上移动，使得推动板10向上移动挤压复位弹簧28，复位弹簧28因弹性势能收缩，当水流停止时，复位弹簧28带动推动板10复位，从而将压力推动，从装置底部排出，从而进行泄压。1-8, a second alternative specific embodiment is provided, wherein a pressure relief rod 27 is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the drilling rod 1 through a pressure relief layer 19, a reset spring 28 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the inner wall of the drilling rod 1, the reset spring 28 is sleeved on the surface of the pressure relief rod 27, a push plate 10 is sleeved on the surface of the rotating sleeve 12, the pressure relief rod 27 passes through the surface of the push plate 10, the push rod 17 is located below the reset spring 28, the reset spring 28 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the push plate 10, a water passage is provided on the surface of the rotating sleeve 12 and below the push plate 10, when the water pump delivers water to the rotating sleeve 12, the water flows into the inside of the drilling rod 1 through the water passage, and the push plate 10 is pushed upward by the impact of the water flow, so that the push plate 10 moves upward and squeezes the reset spring 28, the reset spring 28 contracts due to elastic potential energy, and when the water flow stops, the reset spring 28 drives the push plate 10 to reset, thereby pushing the pressure and discharging it from the bottom of the device, thereby releasing the pressure.
工作原理：工作人员将驱动电机25输出端固定连接的对接杆26通过对接块的正方形形状与安装槽24相对其，随后工作人员将驱动电机25向下移动，使得对接杆26因向下的应力插入至安装块23内部的安装槽24内，随后工作人员将驱动电机25外接入电源后，将装置移动至需要钻孔的地点，启动驱动电机25，驱动电机25的输出端带动对接杆26转动，对接杆26通过对接块带动安装块23进行转动，安装块23在转动时，安装块23带动旋转套筒12进行转动，当旋转套筒12转动时带动第一伞齿轮6进行转动，第一伞齿轮6在第一连接杆一端进行转动，第一伞齿轮6在转动时，与第二伞齿轮7进行啮合，使其在转动时带动第二伞齿轮7同步转动，第二伞齿轮7通过转动筒5在第二连接杆4表面进行转动，转动筒5在转动时带动转动盘8同步进行转动，使得转动盘8在转动时通过表面的切割块14与煤岩体进行接触切割，通过三组转动盘8对煤岩体进行切割粉碎，将大块的煤岩体切割破坏至小块煤岩体，从而对其起到钻孔效果，同时第一伞齿轮6在转动时通过驱动轴3带动钻头29进行同步转动，对煤岩体进行破碎，同时在切割块14与煤岩体接触时，支撑板9会带动整体向上移动，使得支撑板9带动连接盘11向上移动，从而挤压缓冲弹簧15，缓冲弹簧15因弹性势能收缩，从而施加相反的推力推动连接盘11复位，从而起到对连接盘11在切割时泄压缓冲的作用，当需要对安装旋转套筒12进行延长时，只需要拿去相同型号的旋转套筒12将其安装块23进行对接，随后重新与驱动电机25的对接杆26下端的对接块进行安装对接即可，同时当需要对钻的孔进行清理排沙时，工作人员只需将连接水管与旋转套筒12对接，随后启动水泵，水泵带动水流从旋转套筒12内输送至钻孔的内部从而进行冲洗，同时水流在进行流动时，会从旋转套筒12表面的入水孔流出至钻孔杆1内部，堆积在活塞板22表面，由于水流的持续输入，从而推动活塞板22向下移动挤压泄压弹簧21，泄压弹簧21因弹性势能收缩，从而产生反推的力，当水泵停止输水时，泄压弹簧21因弹性势能反推活塞板22从而使得活塞板22复位，从而完成一次冲洗的同时，进行泄压。Working principle: The staff aligns the docking rod 26 fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor 25 with the mounting groove 24 through the square shape of the docking block, and then moves the driving motor 25 downward, so that the docking rod 26 is inserted into the mounting groove 24 inside the mounting block 23 due to the downward stress. Then the staff connects the driving motor 25 to the power supply, moves the device to the location where the hole needs to be drilled, starts the driving motor 25, and the output end of the driving motor 25 drives the docking rod 26 to rotate. The docking rod 26 drives the mounting block 23 to rotate through the docking block. When the mounting block 23 rotates, the mounting block 23 drives the rotating sleeve 12 to rotate. When the rotating sleeve 12 rotates When the first bevel gear 6 is rotated, the first bevel gear 6 rotates at one end of the first connecting rod. When the first bevel gear 6 rotates, it meshes with the second bevel gear 7, so that it drives the second bevel gear 7 to rotate synchronously when it rotates. The second bevel gear 7 rotates on the surface of the second connecting rod 4 through the rotating cylinder 5. When the rotating cylinder 5 rotates, it drives the rotating disk 8 to rotate synchronously, so that when the rotating disk 8 rotates, the cutting block 14 on the surface contacts and cuts the coal rock mass. The coal rock mass is cut and crushed by three groups of rotating disks 8, and large pieces of coal rock mass are cut and destroyed into small pieces of coal rock mass, thereby having a drilling effect on it. At the same time, when the first bevel gear 6 rotates, it drives the second bevel gear 7 to rotate synchronously with the second connecting rod 4 through the driving shaft 3. The drill bit 29 rotates synchronously to break the coal and rock mass. At the same time, when the cutting block 14 contacts the coal and rock mass, the support plate 9 will drive the entire body to move upward, so that the support plate 9 drives the connecting plate 11 to move upward, thereby squeezing the buffer spring 15. The buffer spring 15 contracts due to elastic potential energy, thereby exerting an opposite thrust to push the connecting plate 11 to reset, thereby playing a role in pressure relief and buffering the connecting plate 11 during cutting. When it is necessary to extend the installation of the rotating sleeve 12, it is only necessary to take the rotating sleeve 12 of the same model and dock its mounting block 23, and then re-install and dock it with the docking block at the lower end of the docking rod 26 of the drive motor 25. At the same time, when it is necessary to drill the hole When cleaning and removing sand, the staff only needs to connect the connecting water pipe to the rotating sleeve 12, and then start the water pump. The water pump drives the water flow from the rotating sleeve 12 to the inside of the borehole for flushing. At the same time, when the water flows, it will flow out from the water inlet hole on the surface of the rotating sleeve 12 to the inside of the drilling rod 1, and accumulate on the surface of the piston plate 22. Due to the continuous input of water flow, the piston plate 22 is pushed downward to squeeze the pressure relief spring 21. The pressure relief spring 21 contracts due to elastic potential energy, thereby generating a reverse thrust force. When the water pump stops delivering water, the pressure relief spring 21 pushes the piston plate 22 back due to elastic potential energy, so that the piston plate 22 is reset, thereby completing a flushing and relieving pressure at the same time.
综上，该沿断层异形区段煤柱钻孔泄压装置，通过设置的旋转套筒12转动时带动第一伞齿轮6进行转动，第一伞齿轮6在第一连接杆一端进行转动，第一伞齿轮6在转动时，与第二伞齿轮7进行啮合，使其在转动时带动第二伞齿轮7同步转动，第二伞齿轮7通过转动筒5在第二连接杆4表面进行转动，转动筒5在转动时带动转动盘8同步进行转动，使得转动盘8在转动时通过表面的切割块14与煤岩体进行接触切割，从而对其进行钻孔，通过设置的多组连接盘11与多组切割块14，在切割时能够从多方面对煤岩体进行切割钻孔，便于从薄弱处进行钻孔的同时，提高了钻孔效率，通过设置的驱动电机25输出端固定连接的对接杆26通过对接块插入至安装块23内部的安装槽24内，随后工作人员将驱动电机25外接入电源后，将装置移动至需要钻孔的地点，启动驱动电机25，驱动电机25的输出端带动对接杆26转动，对接杆26通过对接块带动安装块23进行转动，能够实现对旋转套筒12的延伸，便于对钻孔深度的延长，通过设置的切割块14与煤岩体接触时，支撑板9会带动整体向上移动，使得支撑板9带动连接盘11向上移动，从而挤压缓冲弹簧15，缓冲弹簧15因弹性势能收缩，从而施加相反的推力推动连接盘11复位，从而起到对连接盘11在切割时泄压缓冲的作用，通过水泵带动水流从旋转套筒12内输送至钻孔的内部从而进行冲洗，同时水流在进行流动时，会从旋转套筒12表面的入水孔流出，堆积在活塞板22表面，由于水流的持续冲击，从而推动活塞板22向下移动挤压泄压弹簧21，泄压弹簧21因弹性势能收缩，从而产生反推的力，当水泵停止输水时，泄压弹簧21因弹性势能反推活塞板22从而使得活塞板22复位，从而完成一次冲洗的同时，进行泄压。In summary, the pressure relief device for drilling coal pillars along fault-shaped sections drives the first bevel gear 6 to rotate when the rotating sleeve 12 is rotated, and the first bevel gear 6 rotates at one end of the first connecting rod. When the first bevel gear 6 rotates, it meshes with the second bevel gear 7, so that it drives the second bevel gear 7 to rotate synchronously when it rotates. The second bevel gear 7 rotates on the surface of the second connecting rod 4 through the rotating cylinder 5. When the rotating cylinder 5 rotates, it drives the rotating disk 8 to rotate synchronously, so that when the rotating disk 8 rotates, it contacts the coal and rock through the cutting block 14 on the surface. The body is contacted and cut, so as to drill a hole in it. By setting up multiple groups of connecting disks 11 and multiple groups of cutting blocks 14, the coal rock body can be cut and drilled from multiple aspects during cutting, which is convenient for drilling from weak points and improves the drilling efficiency. The docking rod 26 fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor 25 is inserted into the mounting groove 24 inside the mounting block 23 through the docking block. Then, after the staff connects the driving motor 25 to the power supply, the device is moved to the location where the hole needs to be drilled, and the driving motor 25 is started. The output end of the driving motor 25 drives the docking rod 26 to rotate, and the docking rod 26 drives the mounting block 23 to rotate through the docking block, which can realize the extension of the rotating sleeve 12, and is convenient for extending the drilling depth. When the cutting block 14 is in contact with the coal rock body, the support plate 9 will drive the whole to move upward, so that the support plate 9 drives the connecting disk 11 to move upward, thereby squeezing the buffer spring 15. The buffer spring 15 contracts due to the elastic potential energy, thereby exerting an opposite thrust to push the connecting disk 11 to reset, thereby playing a role in pressure relief and buffering of the connecting disk 11 during cutting. The water pump drives the water flow from the rotating sleeve 12 to the inside of the borehole for flushing. At the same time, when the water flows, it will flow out from the water inlet hole on the surface of the rotating sleeve 12 and accumulate on the surface of the piston plate 22. Due to the continuous impact of the water flow, the piston plate 22 is pushed downward to squeeze the pressure relief spring 21. The pressure relief spring 21 contracts due to elastic potential energy, thereby generating a reverse thrust force. When the water pump stops delivering water, the pressure relief spring 21 pushes the piston plate 22 back due to elastic potential energy, thereby resetting the piston plate 22, thereby completing a flushing and relieving pressure at the same time.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
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