CN118390954A - A mechanical torque impactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a mechanical type torsion impacter, is provided with the axis of rotation in the impacter, the crank, the connecting rod, the pendulum mass, the connecting axle, the impacter shell, the impact piece, the impact board, the supporting seat, the joint connecting portion, the joint, the crank comprises crank base and crank supporting part, is provided with two supporting seats on the impact board, the impact piece passes through bolted connection with the impact board, the impact piece can follow impacter axis circumference and rotate, the pendulum mass passes through the connecting axle to be connected with the supporting seat on the impact board, the crank base through-hole passes through key and rotation axis connection, the crank supporting part shoulder hole is connected with the connecting rod, the connecting rod passes through the pendulum mass hole and is connected with the pendulum mass, the impact shell is impacted after the impact piece circumference rotates. The rotary motion is converted into circumferential rotation of the impact block by means of purely mechanical transmission, impact torque is output to the PDC drill bit, the device has the characteristics of high adaptability and high working reliability, the impact torque and the impact frequency of the torsion impact device can be greatly improved, and the device is beneficial to reducing the occurrence of the stick-slip phenomenon of the drill bit.

Description

A mechanical torque impactor

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical equipment fields of oil and gas drilling engineering, mining engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geological drilling, tunnel engineering hydrology and non-excavation, and specifically relates to a mechanical torque impactor.

Background technique

With the continuous development of economy, the demand for oil and gas is increasing, while my country's shallow oil and gas resources are becoming increasingly depleted. With the continuous advancement of oil and gas development technology, the depth of oil and gas wells has increased, and the number of deep wells and ultra-deep wells has increased. This makes the formation working environment faced by drilling projects more complex. With the continuous increase in drilling depth, the hardness and strength of rocks will increase significantly under the action of the bottom confining pressure, resulting in low rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit. When drilling deep well formations, the drill bit generally has the problems of slow drilling speed and high drilling cost. The key to improving the drilling speed lies in how to improve the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit. According to the field experimental practice research data, applying periodic impact loads to the drill bit while rotating drilling is conducive to improving the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit and increasing the drilling speed.

In oil drilling, the drill bit is the main tool for breaking rocks. When drilling hard or abrasive formations, the drill bit usually does not have enough torque to break the formation, causing the drill bit to stop rotating instantly. Torsional energy is stored in the drill string. Once the torque required for shearing and breaking the formation is generated, the drill string energy will be released, and the impact load acting on the drill bit will be much higher than usual, eventually causing the drill bit to fail. During the drilling process, drilling tools are usually used in conjunction to provide additional torsional vibration to assist the drill bit in breaking rocks. Major research institutions at home and abroad have developed a variety of torsional impact drilling tools to provide torsional impact for the drill bit, thereby reducing the stick-slip phenomenon of the drill bit. In the drill bits currently in production and use, the drill bit itself cannot generate torsional vibration. In order to reduce the stick-slip phenomenon of the drill bit, only the torsional impact drilling tool provides additional torsional impact. If the torsional impact drilling tool fails, it will not be able to provide additional torque for the drill bit, which will affect the drilling efficiency.

The torque impactor is a speed-increasing tool used to solve the stick-slip problem that occurs during PDC drill bit drilling. Currently, the most mature and effective torque impactor is the valve-controlled torque impactor, but this valve-controlled torque impactor also has the following problems. 1. There are high requirements for drilling flushing fluid, and there are high requirements for the solid content and particle size in the flushing fluid, so the adaptability of the flushing fluid is poor and there are certain limitations in use; 2. The structure is relatively complex. The flushing fluid entering the impactor is divided into two parts, one entering the working chamber of the pendulum and the other entering the valve control system. Therefore, there are many flushing fluid channels, especially many switching channels, and the probability of blockage is high, which affects the reliability of the torque impactor: 3. Since the drilling fluid entering the valve control system directly flows out of the torque impactor, this is equivalent to diverting the amount of drilling fluid entering the working chamber of the pendulum of the torque impactor, which will have a greater impact on the impact torque and impact frequency output by the torque impactor; 4. At present, the torque impactor lacks the function of anti-air strike, and can only suspend its impact working state by stopping the pump, which will also have a certain impact on the working life of the torque impactor; 5. The liquid water channel of the torque impactor is narrow, which will produce a certain pressure loss.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mechanical torque impactor, which relies on pure mechanical transmission to convert rotational motion into reciprocating motion of an impact block, outputs impact torque to a PDC drill bit, has the characteristics of strong adaptability and high working reliability, can significantly improve the impact torque and impact frequency of the torque impactor, thereby improving drilling efficiency, and helps to reduce the occurrence of stick-slip phenomenon of the drill bit.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technologies:

A mechanical torsion impactor, characterized in that: a rotating shaft, a crank, a connecting rod, a pendulum block, a connecting shaft, an impactor housing, an impact block, an impact plate, a support seat, a joint connecting part, and a joint are arranged in the impactor, the crank is composed of a crank base and a crank supporting part, a through hole is arranged in the crank base, a stepped hole is arranged on the crank supporting part, a pendulum block is arranged on the pendulum block, two support seats are arranged on the impact plate, the impact block is connected to the impact plate by bolts, the impact block can rotate circumferentially along the axis of the impactor, the pendulum block is connected to the support seat on the impact plate by the connecting shaft, the pendulum block can rotate around the connecting shaft, the crank base through hole is connected to the rotating shaft by a key, the crank support part stepped hole is connected to the connecting rod, the connecting rod is connected to the pendulum block through the pendulum block hole, the impact block hits the impact housing after circumferential rotation, the impact housing is connected to the joint connecting part, and the joint connecting part is connected to the joint.

In the above scheme, a mechanical torque impactor is characterized in that: a rotating shaft, a crank, a connecting rod, a pendulum block, a connecting shaft, an impactor housing, an impact block, an impact plate, a support seat, a joint connecting part, and a joint are arranged in the impactor, the crank is composed of a crank base and a crank supporting part, a through hole is arranged on the crank base, a stepped hole is arranged on the crank supporting part, a pendulum block is arranged on the pendulum block, two support seats are arranged on the impact plate, the impact block is connected to the impact plate by bolts, the impact block can rotate circumferentially along the axis of the impactor, the pendulum block is connected to the support seat on the impact plate through the connecting shaft, the pendulum block can rotate around the connecting shaft, the crank base through hole is connected to the rotating shaft through a key, the crank support part stepped hole is connected to the connecting rod, the connecting rod is connected to the pendulum block through the pendulum block hole, the impact block hits the impact housing after circumferential rotation, the impact housing is connected to the joint connecting part, the joint connecting part is connected to the joint, and the impact housing transmits the circumferential impact to the drill bit and the tool through the joint connecting part and the joint. When the rotating shaft drives the crank to rotate, the crank drives the pendulum block to swing left and right through the connecting rod, and the pendulum block drives the impact block to rotate circumferentially around the axis of the impactor. The impact block reciprocates and strikes the shell of the impactor. Relying on pure mechanical transmission, the rotational motion is converted into the reciprocating motion of the impact block, and the impact torque is output to the PDC drill bit. It has the characteristics of strong adaptability and high working reliability, and can greatly improve the impact torque and impact frequency of the torque impactor, thereby improving the drilling efficiency and helping to reduce the occurrence of drill bit stick-slip.

As an option, two rotating shafts and two cranks are provided in the impactor, the two cranks are connected to the pendulum block via a connecting rod, and the rotating shafts and cranks are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the impactor.

In the above scheme, two rotating shafts and two cranks are provided in the impactor. The two cranks are connected to the pendulum block through a connecting rod, and the rotating shafts and cranks are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the impactor. The rotating shafts on both sides of the impactor can move simultaneously, which can improve the stress state of the impactor and improve the rotation stability of the impactor.

Alternatively, the crank is composed of a crank base and a crank support portion, and the range of the angle a between the crank base and the crank support portion is: 120°≤a≤160°.

In the above scheme, the crank is composed of a crank base and a crank support part, and the angle a between the crank base and the crank support part is in the range of: 120°≤a≤160°. The value of angle a will affect the amplitude of the reciprocating swing of the impact block. The value of angle a can be set according to different formation conditions to broaden the application range of the impactor to the formation.

Alternatively, the rotating shaft is driven by an electric motor, and a battery is provided in the impactor to power the electric motor.

In the above scheme, the rotating shaft is driven by an electric motor, and a battery is arranged in the impactor to power the electric motor. There is no need for drilling fluid to provide energy, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of drilling.

Alternatively, an impeller is provided inside the impactor, and the impeller drives the rotating shaft to rotate.

In the above scheme, an impeller is provided in the impactor, and the impeller drives the rotating shaft to rotate. When the drilling fluid passes through the impeller, the impeller starts to rotate, thereby driving the rotating shaft in the impactor to move. The high-speed and high-pressure energy of the drilling fluid is utilized to simplify the structure, especially the simplification of the filtering device is conducive to reducing the manufacturing cost. At the same time, the adaptability of the torque impactor is enhanced, and the requirements for drilling are not high, which is conducive to the application of various drilling conditions.

As an option, a gear wheel and a bevel gear are arranged in the impactor, the gear wheel is provided with teeth, and the gear wheel provides power to the rotating shaft through the bevel gear.

In the above scheme, a gear and a bevel gear are arranged in the impactor, and teeth are arranged on the gear. The gear provides power to the rotating shaft through a pair of mutually meshing bevel gears. The pure mechanical transmission converts the rotational motion into the circumferential impact motion of the impact block, outputs the impact torque to the PDC drill bit, improves the working reliability of the torque impactor, reduces the probability of downhole vibration, and is beneficial to deep hole drilling. After the gear on the impactor contacts the well wall, it can correct the well wall, improve the smoothness of the well wall, reduce the friction coefficient, and reduce the risk of downhole tool jamming.

Alternatively, the impactor housing is an integral structure with the PDC drill bit body.

In the above scheme, the existing drill bit and impactor are independent tools, and the impactor housing and the PDC drill bit body are an integrated structure, breaking the idea of the drill bit and impactor as independent tools, and using them as an integrated drilling tool, which can improve the transmission efficiency of circumferential impact.

Alternatively, the impact block rotation angle b is greater than the clearance angle c of the impactor housing.

In the above scheme, the impact block cooperates with the impact shell, and the rotation angle b of the impact block is greater than the gap angle c of the impactor shell, which can ensure that the circumferential movement of the impact block can be transformed into an effective impact, thereby improving the single impact success rate of the impactor.

Beneficial Effects

1. Relying on pure mechanical transmission to convert rotational motion into reciprocating motion of the impact block, the impact torque is output to the PDC drill bit. It has the characteristics of strong adaptability and high working reliability. It can greatly increase the impact torque and impact frequency of the torque impactor, thereby improving the drilling efficiency and helping to reduce the occurrence of stick-slip phenomenon of the drill bit.

2. An impeller is provided inside the impactor, which drives the rotating mechanism to move. When the drilling fluid passes through the impeller, the impeller starts to rotate, thereby driving the rotating mechanism inside the impactor to move. The high-speed and high-pressure energy of the drilling fluid is utilized to simplify the structure, especially the simplified filtering device is conducive to reducing the manufacturing cost. At the same time, the adaptability of the torque impactor is enhanced, and the requirements for the drilling fluid are not high, and it can be applied to various drilling conditions.

3. The impactor is provided with a gear and a bevel gear. The gear is provided with teeth. The gear provides power to the rotating shaft through a pair of bevel gears. The pure mechanical transmission converts the rotational motion into the circumferential impact motion of the impact block, outputs the impact torque to the PDC drill bit, improves the working reliability of the torque impactor, and is beneficial to deep hole drilling. After the gear on the impactor contacts the well wall, it can correct the well wall, improve the smoothness of the well wall, reduce the friction coefficient, and reduce the risk of downhole tool stuck.

4. The rotating shaft is driven by an electric motor. A battery is installed inside the impactor to power the motor. No drilling fluid is required to provide energy, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of drilling.

5. The impactor housing and the PDC drill bit body are an integrated structure, breaking the idea that the drill bit and the impactor are independent tools. They are used as an integrated drilling tool to improve the transmission efficiency of circumferential impact.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a cross-sectional view of a mechanical torque impactor according to the present invention;

FIG2 is a partial enlarged view of area A of the mechanical torque impactor;

FIG3 is a perspective schematic diagram of a mechanical torque impactor according to the present invention;

FIG4 is a perspective view of a rotating structure;

FIG5 is a perspective schematic diagram of an impact plate and an impact block;

FIG6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a pendulum block;

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of two rotating shafts and two cranks;

Fig. 8 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a crank;

FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the angle between the crank base and the crank support portion;

FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a motor-driven rotating shaft;

FIG11 is a schematic diagram of an impeller driving a rotating shaft;

FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a gear-driven rotating shaft;

FIG13 is a schematic diagram of an integrated structure of an impactor housing and a PDC drill bit body;

Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the impact block and the impact housing at an angle;

FIG15 is a perspective schematic diagram of an impactor housing;

FIG16 is a perspective schematic diagram of an impeller;

FIG17 is a perspective schematic diagram of a cone;

FIG18 is a perspective schematic diagram of a bevel gear;

Markings in the figure:

1-rotating shaft; 11-key; 2-crank; 21-crank base; 211-through hole; 22-crank support; 221-step hole; 3-connecting rod; 4-swing block; 41-connecting shaft; 42-swing block hole; 5-impactor housing; 6-impact block; 61-impact plate; 611-support seat; 62-connecting bolt; 7-connector connection; 8-connector; 9-battery; 10-motor; 111-impeller; 12-bevel gear; 13-tooth wheel; 131-tooth wheel cutting tooth; 14-nozzle; 15-PDC tooth; 16-blade; 17-drill body; 18-drill impactor connection.

Detailed ways

The following non-limiting examples are used to illustrate the present invention:

A mechanical torsion impactor, characterized in that: a rotating shaft, a crank, a connecting rod, a pendulum block, a connecting shaft, an impactor housing, an impact block, an impact plate, a support seat, a joint connecting part, and a joint are arranged in the impactor, the crank is composed of a crank base and a crank support part, a through hole is arranged on the crank base, a stepped hole is arranged on the crank support part, a pendulum block is arranged on a pendulum block hole, two support seats are arranged on the impact plate, the impact block is connected to the impact plate by bolts, the impact block can rotate circumferentially along the axis of the impactor, the pendulum block is connected to the support seat on the impact plate by the connecting shaft, the pendulum block can rotate around the connecting shaft, the crank base through hole is connected to the rotating shaft by a key, the crank support part stepped hole is connected to the connecting rod, the connecting rod is connected to the pendulum block hole It is connected to the pendulum block, and the impact block hits the impact shell after rotating circumferentially. The impact shell is connected to the joint connecting part, and the joint connecting part is connected to the joint. When the rotating shaft drives the crank to rotate, the crank drives the pendulum block to swing left and right through the connecting rod. The pendulum block drives the impact block to rotate circumferentially around the axis of the impactor, and the impact block reciprocates to hit the shell of the impactor. The rotational motion is converted into the reciprocating motion of the impact block by relying on pure mechanical transmission, as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 15, wherein Figure 3 is an assembly diagram of the parts in the impactor, Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the rotating structure after removing the impactor shell, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the impact plate and the impact block connected by bolts, Figure 6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the pendulum block, and Figure 15 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the impact shell.

Preferably, two rotating shafts and two cranks are provided in the impactor, and the two cranks are connected to the pendulum block through a connecting rod, and the rotating shafts and cranks are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the impactor, wherein the working principle is consistent with a single rotating shaft and a single crank, and the rotating shafts on both sides of the impactor are allowed to move simultaneously, which can improve the stress state of the impactor and improve the rotational stability of the impactor, as shown in FIG7 .

Preferably, the crank is composed of a crank base and a crank support part, and the angle a between the crank base and the crank support part is in the range of 120°≤a≤160°. The value of the angle a will affect the amplitude of the reciprocating swing of the impact block. The value of the angle a can be set according to different formation conditions to broaden the application range of the impactor to the formation, as shown in Figures 8 and 9.

Preferably, the rotating shaft is driven by an electric motor, and a battery is provided in the impactor to power the electric motor. No drilling fluid is required to provide energy, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of drilling, as shown in FIG. 10 .

Preferably, an impeller is provided in the impactor, and the impeller drives the rotating shaft to move. When the drilling fluid passes through the impeller, the impeller starts to rotate, thereby driving the rotating shaft in the impactor to move. The high-speed and high-pressure energy of the drilling fluid is utilized to simplify the structure, especially the simplification of the filtering device is conducive to reducing the manufacturing cost. At the same time, the adaptability of the torque impactor is enhanced, and the requirements for drilling are not high, which is conducive to the application of various drilling conditions, as shown in Figures 11 and 16. Figure 16 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the impeller.

Preferably, a gear and a bevel gear are provided in the impactor, and teeth are provided on the gear. The gear provides power to the rotating shaft through the bevel gear. The gear provides power to the rotating shaft through a pair of mutually meshing bevel gears. The pure mechanical transmission converts the rotational motion into the circumferential impact motion of the impact block, outputs the impact torque to the PDC drill bit, improves the working reliability of the torque impactor, reduces the probability of downhole vibration, and is beneficial to deep hole drilling. The gear on the impactor can correct the well wall after contacting the well wall, improves the smoothness of the well wall, reduces the friction coefficient, and reduces the risk of downhole tool jamming, as shown in Figures 12, 17, and 18, wherein Figure 17 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the gear, and Figure 18 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the bevel gear.

Preferably, the impactor housing and the PDC drill bit body are an integrated structure, and the impactor generates a circumferential impact on the impact housing. The impactor housing and the drill bit body are an integrated structure, so that the circumferential impact can directly act on the drill bit body, breaking the idea of the drill bit and the impactor as independent tools. Using them as an integrated drilling tool can improve the transmission efficiency of the circumferential impact, as shown in Figure 13.

Preferably, the rotation angle b of the impact block is greater than the gap angle c of the impactor shell, and the impact block and the impact shell cooperate with each other, which can ensure that the circumferential movement of the impact block can be transformed into an effective impact, thereby improving the single impact success rate of the impactor, as shown in Figure 14.

The above description is not intended to impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed through the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the profession can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes using the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A mechanical torsion impactor, characterized in that: a rotating shaft, a crank, a connecting rod, a pendulum block, a connecting shaft, an impactor housing, an impact block, an impact plate, a support seat, a joint connecting part, and a joint are arranged in the impactor, the crank is composed of a crank base and a crank supporting part, a through hole is arranged on the crank base, a stepped hole is arranged on the crank supporting part, a pendulum block is arranged on the pendulum block, two support seats are arranged on the impact plate, the impact block is connected to the impact plate by bolts, the impact block can rotate circumferentially along the axis of the impactor, the pendulum block is connected to the support seat on the impact plate by the connecting shaft, the pendulum block can rotate around the connecting shaft, the crank base through hole is connected to the rotating shaft by a key, the crank support part stepped hole is connected to the connecting rod, the connecting rod is connected to the pendulum block through the pendulum block hole, the impact block hits the impact housing after circumferential rotation, the impact housing is connected to the joint connecting part, and the joint connecting part is connected to the joint. 2. A mechanical torque impactor as described in claim 1, characterized in that: two rotating shafts and two cranks are provided in the impactor, the two cranks are connected to the pendulum block through a connecting rod, and the rotating shafts and cranks are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the impactor. 3. A mechanical torque impactor as described in claim 1, characterized in that the crank is composed of a crank base and a crank support portion, and the angle a between the crank base and the crank support portion is in the range of: 120°≤a≤160°. 4. A mechanical torque impactor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the rotating shaft is driven by an electric motor, and a battery is provided in the impactor to supply power to the electric motor. 5. A mechanical torque impactor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that an impeller is provided inside the impactor, and the impeller drives the rotating shaft to rotate. 6. A mechanical torque impactor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a gear and a bevel gear are arranged inside the impactor, the gear is provided with teeth, and the gear provides power to the rotating shaft through the bevel gear. 7. A mechanical torque impactor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the impactor housing and the PDC drill bit body are an integrated structure. 8. A mechanical torque impactor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the rotation angle b of the impact block is greater than the gap angle c of the impactor housing.