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CN118379099B - Network fee design method considering high-proportion distributed power supply access - Google Patents

Network fee design method considering high-proportion distributed power supply access

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CN118379099B
CN118379099B CN202410813199.3A CN202410813199A CN118379099B CN 118379099 B CN118379099 B CN 118379099B CN 202410813199 A CN202410813199 A CN 202410813199A CN 118379099 B CN118379099 B CN 118379099B
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transmission
power supply
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吉喆
胡迎迎
王尧
侯昱丞
邵亚林
申泽渊
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Shanxi Huineng Technology Co ltd
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Co Ltd
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Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • G06Q50/06—Energy or water supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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Abstract

The invention discloses a networking fee design method considering high-proportion distributed power supply access, and relates to the field of fee design of electric power markets. The method comprises the steps of setting a power supply guarantee coefficient, defining charge conditions under different scenes, obtaining common network data, calculating theoretical power transmission and distribution price based on a forward price pushing method to obtain network charge, comparing the generated energy of a distributed power supply with the electric quantity of a protocol, determining charge required by a user, calculating the power supply reliability of the distributed power supply according to the electric quantity balance degree of each time point, obtaining the power supply guarantee charge paid by the distributed power supply, and determining charge required by the distributed power supply. The invention can ensure the recovery of the power grid cost, the distributed power supply and the power users can fairly bear the power stabilizing responsibility, the power generation of the distributed power supply is facilitated, the safe and stable operation level is improved, the power utilization behavior of the power users can be improved, and the enthusiasm of the power users for participating in new energy consumption is improved.

Description

Network fee design method considering high-proportion distributed power supply access
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cost design of electric power markets, in particular to a network fee design method considering high-proportion distributed power supply access.
Background
The novel main body of the user side, which is mainly composed of the distributed power supply and has legal electricity selling qualification, is largely emerging, and the distributed transaction mode with the characteristics of numerous participants, low single-power transaction threshold and the like gradually becomes a new transaction trend. Meanwhile, because each main body at the user side is scattered and is not easy to control, each user participates in distributed transaction in an aggregation mode of a load integrator, a micro-grid and the like, and impact is caused to the traditional power market. Under the background, the power grid company needs to bear the key problems of large-scale cost price, how to dredge the necessary cost for guaranteeing the safe and stable operation of the power system, how to cooperate with the power generation between markets and the like, and the cost dredging is difficult to be particularly shared into the power transmission and distribution price without comprehensive and objective quantification, systematic and deep knowledge.
Although good results are achieved in the power transmission and distribution price verification work, a plurality of problems, particularly the problem of influence of distributed transaction on the power transmission and distribution price, are needed to be solved. On one hand, the power transmission and distribution prices of each voltage class cannot reflect the real cost of the voltage class, and on the other hand, for a distributed transaction main body and a user, the bottom protection power supply responsibility and obligation of a power grid company are infinite, and the network crossing fee is the fee charged by the power grid company to a distributed power supply connected to a power grid and is used for compensating the operation and maintenance cost and the safety risk cost of the power grid. Too light a charge may result in the inability of the grid to reclaim the investment made to secure the distributed power access, and too heavy a charge may increase the financial difficulty of the distributed power. The current policy requires that the network charge is charged according to the power transmission and distribution price difference, however, the current provincial power grid power transmission and distribution price has components of policy cross subsidy, when the power transmission and distribution price of two voltage levels are subtracted, the policy cross subsidy is directly canceled, which means that the power grid enterprise cannot obtain the operation cost and reasonable benefit through the network charge. Meanwhile, the access of the high-proportion distributed power supply requires the power system to have higher flexibility and adjustability, the power system needs to have sufficient adjusting capability to cope with fluctuation of the output of the distributed power supply so as to balance supply and demand, but the current network fee passing mechanism cannot enable a power grid to recover the power supply cost. Therefore, the current network fee passing mechanism needs to be improved, and a reasonable transmission and distribution fee conduction mode is provided, so that the enthusiasm of a novel main body at a user side is mobilized, and the benefits of power grid companies are considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a net fee-passing design method for taking high-proportion distributed power supply access into account, which aims to solve the problems that when the high-proportion distributed power supply is connected to a power system, the power system has insufficient regulation capability, so that the output of the distributed power supply fluctuates, the supply and the demand cannot be balanced well, and a net fee-passing mechanism cannot enable a power grid to recover the power grid and ensure the power supply balance.
According to the network fee design method considering high-proportion distributed power supply access, the cross subsidy and the power transmission and distribution costs are separated, the power transmission and distribution cost attribute of the network fee is restored, the network fee difference caused by different cross subsidy conditions is avoided, the actual power distribution network consumption cost is embodied, and the distributed renewable energy sources are promoted to participate in distributed transactions.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme that the network fee design method for considering the high-proportion distributed power supply access comprises the following steps:
S1, setting a power supply guarantee coefficient, and prescribing the charge conditions under different scenes, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
for the case that the distributed power supply participates in distributed transaction, the power grid can recover the investment cost by collecting the net charge and the power supply guarantee charge. The network charge refers to the theoretical power transmission and distribution price (excluding policy cross subsidies) of the provincial power grid public network corresponding to the access voltage level of the power consumer, and deducts the theoretical power transmission and distribution price (excluding policy cross subsidies) of the highest voltage level involved in the distributed power generation marketing transaction.
Because the output prediction and the load prediction of the distributed power generation have deviation, the power supply guarantee of the power grid is challenged. The invention calculates the power supply reliability by calculating the difference between the new energy declaration electric quantity and the actual electric quantity divided by the new energy declaration electric quantity, compensates the influence of unstable output of the distributed power supply on the power grid by increasing the power supply guarantee cost of the distributed power supply, obtains the power supply guarantee cost by multiplying the electric quantity difference by the cost coefficient under different power supply guarantee reliability according to the real-time power supply reliability of the distributed power supply, and has the following formula:
(1)
(2)
Wherein K g is the power supply reliability, Q d is the new energy declaration electric quantity, Q g is the new energy actual electric quantity, F g is the power supply guarantee cost, and K g is the power supply guarantee reliability cost coefficient.
And S2, acquiring common network data, and calculating theoretical power transmission and distribution price based on forward price forward pushing method to obtain the net fee passing expense. Firstly, according to the regulation of a provincial power grid power transmission and distribution price pricing method, the permitted income of a power grid enterprise is the power transmission and distribution network cost born by power users, and the provincial power grid public network power transmission and distribution price cost calculation method comprises the following steps:
S2-1, calculating the grant income of the common network, wherein the grant income of the common network consists of grant cost, grant income and tax, and the formula is as follows:
(3)
(4)
(5)
in the formula, Revenue is granted to the shared network,In order to permit the cost to be set,The reference number is Xu Shouyi, which is the reference number,Is tax; Representing the base-time grant costs of the transmission and distribution network, Representing a newly added or reduced permitted cost of the transmission and distribution network; an effective asset representing the available revenue for the transmission and distribution grid, Representing a grant rate of return;
S2-2, calculating the power transmission and distribution cost of each voltage level, collecting the permitted cost according to the factors of the power transmission and distribution, and distributing the permitted cost to each voltage level, collecting the permitted income and tax according to the net value factors of fixed assets, and distributing the permitted income and tax to each voltage level, wherein the formula is as follows:
(6)
(7)
(8)
in the formula, Is thatThe cost of the voltage class power transmission and distribution,Is thatThe voltage class delivers the power duty cycle,Is thatVoltage class fixed asset duty cycle; Is that The total amount of power transferred by the voltage class,Is thatTotal transmission power of voltage class; Is that The voltage class fixes the net worth of the asset,Is thatThe voltage class fixes the net asset value;
S2-3, calculating the permitted revenues of the power transmission and distribution prices of each voltage class, wherein one voltage class total permitted revenues consist of the permitted revenues of the voltage class and the permitted revenues conducted by the last voltage class;
The degree of occupancy of the power transmission and distribution network by the power consumers of different voltage classes is also different. Because the power flow is transmitted from the high-voltage-class power transmission and distribution network to the low-voltage-class power transmission and distribution network, the power users connected to the high-voltage-class power transmission and distribution network can not use the low-voltage-class power transmission and distribution network, but when the high-voltage-class power users transmit electric energy, besides the power users supplying the voltage class, a part of electric energy is transmitted to the low-voltage-class power users after being reduced by the transformer. Therefore, when the power user of the low-voltage-class power transmission and distribution network uses the voltage-class power transmission and distribution network, the power user can occupy the power transmission and distribution network with high voltage class.
In view of the rationality of cost allocation of the transmission and distribution network, the power users of the low voltage class should allocate part of the cost of the high voltage class transmission and distribution network for transmitting electric energy to the voltage class while bearing the cost of the transmission and distribution network of the voltage class. Thus, when calculating the power transmission and distribution rates for each voltage class, the power flow conduction relationship between the different voltage classes needs to be considered.
The cost conduction relation between the power grids of each voltage class is determined according to the power flow conduction relation between the power transmission and distribution networks of different voltage classes, and the cost conduction relation between the power grids of each voltage class is specifically determined by the following steps of apportioning the power transmission and distribution network cost of 220 kV power users by 66 kV power users, the power transmission and distribution network cost of 220 kV and 66 kV power users by 20 kV power users, the power transmission and distribution network cost of 220 kV, 66 kV and 20 kV power users by 10 kV power users, and the power transmission and distribution network cost of only 10 kV power users by 1 kV power users and below, wherein the formula is as follows:
(9)
in the formula, Is thatThe voltage class power transmission and distribution rates permit revenue,Is thatThe cost of the voltage class power transmission and distribution,Is thatThe cost of the voltage class power transmission and distribution,Is thatThe voltage class delivers the amount of power to the user of the voltage class,Is thatVoltage class directionThe amount of power delivered by the user of the voltage class,Is thatTotal transmission power of voltage class;
S2-4, calculating the power transmission and distribution price of each voltage class manufactured by a single industrial and commercial user, wherein the formula is as follows:
(10)
in the formula, Is thatThe voltage class is single, the power transmission and distribution price of the commercial users is manufactured,Is thatVoltage class single manufacturing business user apportionmentThe voltage class power transmission and distribution permits a proportion of revenue,Is thatThe voltage level is single, and the electricity consumption of commercial users is manufactured;
In the same voltage class, peak load responsibility method and maximum load method are generally adopted to distribute the power transmission and distribution permitted incomes to different types of power users, but both methods can lead to lack of fairness in distribution results of the power transmission and distribution permitted incomes. Thus, the comprehensive load method is used for calculating the allowable income share proportion of industrial and commercial users in consideration of the dynamic load change of different types of power users in each period :
(11)
In the formula,、、AndRepresenting the presence of a resident user, an agricultural user, a single commercial user and two commercial usersThe annual maximum power load at the moment,Representation ofVoltage class power consumer is atThe proportion of the annual maximum electricity load at each moment to the sum of the annual maximum electricity loads of the voltage class power consumers at each moment;
S2-5, calculating the power transmission and distribution prices of two systems of industrial and commercial users of each voltage class;
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
in the formula, 、、Respectively isThe voltage level is used for manufacturing the electric quantity, capacity and required power transmission and distribution price of commercial users,、、The electric quantity, the capacity and the required power transmission and distribution fees of two manufacturing commercial users respectively account for the proportion of the total power transmission and distribution fees,Is thatVoltage class two-part manufacturing business user apportionedThe voltage class power transmission and distribution permits a proportion of revenue,Is thatVoltage class two-part process commercial consumer electricity consumption,Is thatVoltage class two-part process commercial consumer transformer capacity,Is thatVoltage class two-part manufacturing business user's annual maximum power load.
S3, comparing the generated energy of the distributed power supply with the electric quantity of the protocol to determine the charge to be borne by the user, calculating the power supply reliability of the distributed power supply according to the electric quantity balance degree of each time point to obtain the power supply guarantee charge paid by the distributed power supply, and determining the charge to be borne by the distributed power supply, wherein the charge to be borne by the distributed power supply is specifically as follows:
According to the principle that the network charge is borne by the user and the power supply guarantee charge is borne by the distributed power supply, the scene of the charge paid by the user and the distributed power supply is defined, and the method is divided into four cases:
I. the power generation amount of the distributed power supply is equal to the protocol power amount, and the power balance is realized at each time point, namely, the user pays full-amount power purchase and network charge;
The generated energy of the distributed power supply is equal to the protocol electric quantity, and the electric power unbalance exists at a time point, namely, a user pays full amount of electricity purchasing and network charge, the distributed power supply bears the power supply guarantee cost of the electric quantity corresponding to the time point of the electric power unbalance, and the calculation is carried out by adopting formulas (1) and (2);
The generated energy of the distributed power supply is smaller than the electric quantity of the protocol, and the electric power balance is realized at each time point, namely, a user actually trades the electric quantity part with the distributed power supply to pay network charge, purchases the part smaller than the electric quantity of the protocol from the power grid to pay the power transmission and distribution price of the corresponding voltage class, and the distributed power supply bears the power supply guarantee cost of the electric quantity part failing to fulfill the protocol, and calculates by adopting formulas (1) and (2);
and IV, the generated energy of the distributed power supply is smaller than the electric quantity of the agreement, the electric power at each time point is unbalanced, a user actually trades the electric quantity part with the distributed power supply to pay network charge, the part smaller than the electric quantity of the agreement is purchased from the power grid to pay the power transmission and distribution price corresponding to the voltage level, the distributed power supply bears the power supply guarantee cost of the electric quantity part failing to fulfill the agreement, and the distributed power supply bears the power supply guarantee cost of the electric quantity corresponding to the time point of the electric power unbalance in the electric quantity of the agreement, and the power supply guarantee cost is calculated by adopting formulas (1) and (2).
Preferably, in step S1, K g and K g are determined such that K g is 0 when K g =0%, K g is 0.02 when 0% < K g is less than or equal to 5%, K g is 0.03 when 5% < K g is less than or equal to 10%, K g is 0.04 when 10% < K g is less than or equal to 15%, K g is 0.05 when 15% < K g is less than or equal to 20%, K g is 0.06 when 20% < K g is less than or equal to 25%, K g is 0.07 when 25% < K g is less than or equal to 30%, K g is 0.08 when 30% < K g is less than or equal to 35%, and K g is 0.09 when 35% < K g is less than or equal to 40%.
Compared with the prior art, the method for designing the network charge taking account of high-proportion distributed power supply access has the advantages that based on the third supervision period of power transmission and distribution price, the forward theory power transmission and distribution price calculation is used, the result shows that the theory power transmission and distribution price of each voltage class industrial and commercial user is lower than the first two supervision periods of power transmission and distribution price execution, the first two supervision periods of power transmission and distribution price calculation is compared, the third supervision period is more perfect in power transmission and distribution price verification, the original power transmission and distribution price is refined, cross patch is further reduced, and the fair verification of power transmission and distribution price is finally realized. Meanwhile, according to the scheme of the network fee passing mechanism provided by the invention, the recovery of the power grid cost can be ensured, the distributed power supply and the power users can fairly bear the power stabilizing responsibility, the power generation of the distributed power supply can be promoted, the safe and stable operation level can be improved, the power consumption behavior of the power users can be improved, and the enthusiasm of the power users participating in new energy consumption can be improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a distributed power output curve and a system load curve of example 1.
Fig. 2 is a distributed power output curve and a system load curve of example 2.
Fig. 3 is a distributed power output curve and a system load curve of example 3.
Fig. 4 is a distributed power output curve and a system load curve of example 4.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples.
A networking fee design method considering high-proportion distributed power supply access comprises the following steps:
S1, setting a power supply guarantee coefficient, and prescribing the charge conditions under different scenes, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
for the case that the distributed power supply participates in distributed transaction, the power grid can recover the investment cost by collecting the net charge and the power supply guarantee charge. The network charge refers to the theoretical power transmission and distribution price (excluding policy cross subsidies) of the provincial power grid public network corresponding to the access voltage level of the power consumer, and deducts the theoretical power transmission and distribution price (excluding policy cross subsidies) of the highest voltage level involved in the distributed power generation marketing transaction.
Because the output prediction and the load prediction of the distributed power generation have deviation, the power supply guarantee of the power grid is challenged. The invention calculates the power supply reliability by calculating the difference between the new energy declaration electric quantity and the actual electric quantity divided by the new energy declaration electric quantity, compensates the influence of unstable output of the distributed power supply on the power grid by increasing the power supply guarantee cost of the distributed power supply, obtains the power supply guarantee cost by multiplying the electric quantity difference by the cost coefficient under different power supply guarantee reliability according to the real-time power supply reliability of the distributed power supply, and has the following formula:
(1)
(2)
Wherein K g is the power supply reliability, Q d is the new energy declaration electric quantity, Q g is the new energy actual electric quantity, F g is the power supply guarantee cost, and K g is the power supply guarantee reliability cost coefficient. The determination methods of K g and K g are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Power supply assurance coefficient
And S2, acquiring common network data, and calculating theoretical power transmission and distribution price based on forward price forward pushing method to obtain the net fee passing expense. Firstly, according to the regulation of a provincial power grid power transmission and distribution price pricing method, the permitted income of a power grid enterprise is the power transmission and distribution network cost born by power users, and the provincial power grid public network power transmission and distribution price cost calculation method comprises the following steps:
S2-1, calculating the grant income of the common network, wherein the grant income of the common network consists of grant cost, grant income and tax, and the formula is as follows:
(3)
(4)
(5)
in the formula, Revenue is granted to the shared network,In order to permit the cost to be set,The reference number is Xu Shouyi, which is the reference number,Is tax; Representing the base-time grant costs of the transmission and distribution network, Representing a newly added or reduced permitted cost of the transmission and distribution network; an effective asset representing the available revenue for the transmission and distribution grid, Representing a grant rate of return;
S2-2, calculating the power transmission and distribution cost of each voltage level, collecting the permitted cost according to the factors of the power transmission and distribution, and distributing the permitted cost to each voltage level, collecting the permitted income and tax according to the net value factors of fixed assets, and distributing the permitted income and tax to each voltage level, wherein the formula is as follows:
(6)
(7)
(8)
in the formula, Is thatThe cost of the voltage class power transmission and distribution,Is thatThe voltage class delivers the power duty cycle,Is thatVoltage class fixed asset duty cycle; Is that The total amount of power transferred by the voltage class,Is thatTotal transmission power of voltage class; Is that The voltage class fixes the net worth of the asset,Is thatThe voltage class fixes the net asset value;
S2-3, calculating the permitted revenues of the power transmission and distribution prices of each voltage class, wherein one voltage class total permitted revenues consist of the permitted revenues of the voltage class and the permitted revenues conducted by the last voltage class;
The degree of occupancy of the power transmission and distribution network by the power consumers of different voltage classes is also different. Because the power flow is transmitted from the high-voltage-class power transmission and distribution network to the low-voltage-class power transmission and distribution network, the power users connected to the high-voltage-class power transmission and distribution network can not use the low-voltage-class power transmission and distribution network, but when the high-voltage-class power users transmit electric energy, besides the power users supplying the voltage class, a part of electric energy is transmitted to the low-voltage-class power users after being reduced by the transformer. Therefore, when the power user of the low-voltage-class power transmission and distribution network uses the voltage-class power transmission and distribution network, the power user can occupy the power transmission and distribution network with high voltage class.
In view of the rationality of cost allocation of the transmission and distribution network, the power users of the low voltage class should allocate part of the cost of the high voltage class transmission and distribution network for transmitting electric energy to the voltage class while bearing the cost of the transmission and distribution network of the voltage class. Thus, when calculating the power transmission and distribution rates for each voltage class, the power flow conduction relationship between the different voltage classes needs to be considered.
The cost conduction relation between the power grids of each voltage class is determined according to the power flow conduction relation between the power transmission and distribution networks of different voltage classes, and the cost conduction relation between the power grids of each voltage class is specifically determined by the following steps of apportioning the power transmission and distribution network cost of 220 kV power users by 66 kV power users, the power transmission and distribution network cost of 220 kV and 66 kV power users by 20 kV power users, the power transmission and distribution network cost of 220 kV, 66 kV and 20 kV power users by 10 kV power users, and the power transmission and distribution network cost of only 10 kV power users by 1 kV power users and below, wherein the formula is as follows:
(9)
in the formula, Is thatThe voltage class power transmission and distribution rates permit revenue,Is thatThe cost of the voltage class power transmission and distribution,Is thatThe cost of the voltage class power transmission and distribution,Is thatThe voltage class delivers the amount of power to the user of the voltage class,Is thatVoltage class directionThe amount of power delivered by the user of the voltage class,Is thatTotal transmission power of voltage class;
S2-4, calculating the power transmission and distribution price of each voltage class manufactured by a single industrial and commercial user, wherein the formula is as follows:
(10)
in the formula, Is thatThe voltage class is single, the power transmission and distribution price of the commercial users is manufactured,Is thatVoltage class single manufacturing business user apportionmentThe voltage class power transmission and distribution permits a proportion of revenue,Is thatThe voltage level is single, and the electricity consumption of commercial users is manufactured;
In the same voltage class, peak load responsibility method and maximum load method are generally adopted to distribute the power transmission and distribution permitted incomes to different types of power users, but both methods can lead to lack of fairness in distribution results of the power transmission and distribution permitted incomes. Thus, the comprehensive load method is used for calculating the allowable income share proportion of industrial and commercial users in consideration of the dynamic load change of different types of power users in each period :
(11)
In the formula,、、AndRepresenting the presence of a resident user, an agricultural user, a single commercial user and two commercial usersThe annual maximum power load at the moment,Representation ofVoltage class power consumer is atThe proportion of the annual maximum electricity load at each moment to the sum of the annual maximum electricity loads of the voltage class power consumers at each moment;
S2-5, calculating the power transmission and distribution prices of two systems of industrial and commercial users of each voltage class;
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
in the formula, 、、Respectively isThe voltage level is used for manufacturing the electric quantity, capacity and required power transmission and distribution price of commercial users,、、The electric quantity, the capacity and the required power transmission and distribution fees of two manufacturing commercial users respectively account for the proportion of the total power transmission and distribution fees,Is thatVoltage class two-part manufacturing business user apportionedThe voltage class power transmission and distribution permits a proportion of revenue,Is thatVoltage class two-part process commercial consumer electricity consumption,Is thatVoltage class two-part process commercial consumer transformer capacity,Is thatVoltage class two-part manufacturing business user's annual maximum power load.
S3, comparing the generated energy of the distributed power supply with the electric quantity of the protocol to determine the charge to be borne by the user, calculating the power supply reliability of the distributed power supply according to the electric quantity balance degree of each time point to obtain the power supply guarantee charge paid by the distributed power supply, and determining the charge to be borne by the distributed power supply, wherein the charge to be borne by the distributed power supply is specifically as follows:
According to the principle that the network charge is borne by the user and the power supply guarantee charge is borne by the distributed power supply, the scene of the charge paid by the user and the distributed power supply is defined, and the method is divided into four cases:
I. the power generation amount of the distributed power supply is equal to the protocol power amount, and the power balance is realized at each time point, namely, the user pays full-amount power purchase and network charge;
The generated energy of the distributed power supply is equal to the protocol electric quantity, and the electric power unbalance exists at a time point, namely, a user pays full amount of electricity purchasing and network charge, the distributed power supply bears the power supply guarantee cost of the electric quantity corresponding to the time point of the electric power unbalance, and the calculation is carried out by adopting formulas (1) and (2);
The generated energy of the distributed power supply is smaller than the electric quantity of the protocol, and the electric power balance is realized at each time point, namely, a user actually trades the electric quantity part with the distributed power supply to pay network charge, purchases the part smaller than the electric quantity of the protocol from the power grid to pay the power transmission and distribution price of the corresponding voltage class, and the distributed power supply bears the power supply guarantee cost of the electric quantity part failing to fulfill the protocol, and calculates by adopting formulas (1) and (2);
and IV, the generated energy of the distributed power supply is smaller than the electric quantity of the agreement, the electric power at each time point is unbalanced, a user actually trades the electric quantity part with the distributed power supply to pay network charge, the part smaller than the electric quantity of the agreement is purchased from the power grid to pay the power transmission and distribution price corresponding to the voltage level, the distributed power supply bears the power supply guarantee cost of the electric quantity part failing to fulfill the agreement, and the distributed power supply bears the power supply guarantee cost of the electric quantity corresponding to the time point of the electric power unbalance in the electric quantity of the agreement, and the power supply guarantee cost is calculated by adopting formulas (1) and (2).
The following example selects the province S as the subject of investigation, and the financial data and the power data of the province power company were collected in the field for 2022. The network fee is designed by adopting the method, wherein the permitted cost, permitted income and price of the transmission and distribution network of each voltage class are shown in table 2, the electricity consumption of each type of users of each voltage class is shown in table 3, and the current conduction relationship can be obtained from the power supply proportion of each voltage class to the current class and the subordinate, as shown in table 4. And calculating the cost of the transmission and distribution network of each voltage class according to the permitted cost, permitted income and price inner tax of each voltage class of S province, taking the cost conduction relation among different voltage classes into consideration, and further calculating the proportion of the cost of the transmission and distribution network allocated by different types of users of each voltage class to obtain the permitted income of the transmission and distribution price of each voltage class, as shown in Table 5.
TABLE 2 permissible costs, permissible profits, and price-in tax for transmission and distribution networks for each voltage class
TABLE 3 Power consumption (one hundred million kWh) for commercial users at each voltage level
Table 4 power supply ratio table for each voltage class to the present stage and the next stage
TABLE 5 Power Transmission and distribution Admission In (one hundred million Yuan) for each voltage class user
As can be seen from table 5, the allowable income difference of the power transmission and distribution of each voltage class user is large in consideration of the current conduction relationship between the power transmission and distribution network of each voltage class. The power load transmitted by the 220kV transmission and distribution network is only 20% supplied to users with the voltage class, the other power loads are respectively transmitted to the users with the voltage classes of 110kV, 35 kV and 10kV, and the permitted income of the power transmission and distribution undertaken by the users with the voltage class of 220kV is greatly reduced after the current conduction relation is considered. The low-voltage class user needs to share part of permitted income of the last voltage class while sharing permitted income of the power transmission and distribution of the voltage class, so that the permitted income of the power transmission and distribution born by the low-voltage class user is far higher than that of the high-voltage class user, for example, the permitted income of the power transmission and distribution shared by the voltage class user below 1kV is 8.69 times of that of the 220kV voltage class user.
The annual load data of the power users with different voltage classes can be obtained according to the S provinces, and the power transmission and distribution income allocation proportion of the users with different voltage classes is shown in the table 6. Further calculations were made of the single and two-unit power rates for each voltage class commercial and industrial user, as shown in table 7.
TABLE 6 Power Transmission and distribution Admission revenue sharing ratio for different users at different voltage classes
TABLE 7 theoretical power rates for various types of users for each voltage class (Yuan/kWh, yuan/kW month)
The power consumers access the power grid at the voltage level of 10 kV, and the distributed power generation project accesses the high-voltage side 35 kV (the power transmission and distribution price 0.0998 yuan/kWh and the power transmission and distribution price difference of 0.0071 yuan/kWh) of the transformer substation where the 10 kV (the power transmission and distribution price 0.1069 yuan/kWh) line is located.
The following embodiments are various scenarios.
Embodiment 1. The power generation of the distributed power supply is equal to the agreement power, the agreement power is the declared transaction power,The user power consumption is equal to the protocol power consumption, the power balance is carried out at each time point. The user pays the full amount of electricity purchasing and network fee. The output curves of the distributed power supply and the system load curves of the embodiment 1 are shown in fig. 1, and the power transmission and distribution fee charges of the distributed power supply and the user in the embodiment 1 are shown in table 8:
table 8 example 1 fee collection
Example 2 distributed power generation equals the protocol power,The user power consumption is greater than the protocol power consumption. And purchasing a part larger than the agreement electric quantity from the power grid to pay the power transmission and distribution price corresponding to the voltage level. Example 2 the distributed power output curve and the system load curve are shown in fig. 2, and the power transmission and distribution fee collection of the distributed power source and the user in example 2 is shown in table 9:
Table 9 example 2 fee collection
As shown in fig. 2, when the electricity consumption of the user is larger than the agreement electricity consumption at 9-14 and 23-24 points, the large power grid needs to purchase electricity to an upper power grid (35 kV) to ensure the electricity balance, and the user needs to pay the electricity transmission and distribution price of the part of the electricity corresponding to the voltage level.
Embodiment 3 the distributed power generation is less than the protocol power,The user power consumption is equal to the protocol power. The distributed power generation output is smaller than the declaration output part, the power supply guarantee fee is paid, the part smaller than the agreement electric quantity is purchased from the power grid, and the power transmission and distribution price corresponding to the voltage level is paid. Example 2a distributed power supply output profile and system load profile are shown in figure 3.
As shown in fig. 3, when the distributed power supply output is smaller than the declaration output at 1-4 and 18-21 points, the large power grid needs to purchase electricity to the upper power grid (35 kV) to ensure the power balance, and the distributed power supply needs to pay the power transmission and distribution price and the power supply guarantee cost of the part of the electric quantity corresponding to the voltage level. The power supply reliability coefficient and the power supply guarantee cost at each time point are shown in table 10, and the power transmission and distribution cost charge of the distributed power supply and the user in embodiment 3 is shown in table 11:
Table 10 provides power supply reliability coefficient and power supply guarantee cost for each time point
Table 11 example 3 fee collection
Example 4 distributed power generation less than the protocol power,The user power consumption is greater than the protocol power consumption. And purchasing a part larger than the agreement electric quantity from the power grid to pay the power transmission and distribution price corresponding to the voltage level. The distributed power generation output is smaller than the declaration output part, the power supply guarantee fee is paid, the part smaller than the agreement electric quantity is purchased from the power grid, and the power transmission and distribution price corresponding to the voltage class is paid. Example 4a distributed power supply output profile and system load profile are shown in fig. 4.
As shown in fig. 4, when the distributed power supply output is smaller than the declaration output at 10-13 points, the user power consumption is larger than the agreement power consumption, the large power grid needs to purchase power to the upper power grid (35 kV) to ensure power balance, the distributed power supply is required to pay the voltage class power transmission and distribution price and the power supply guarantee cost corresponding to the declaration power consumption, and the user needs to pay the voltage class power transmission and distribution price corresponding to the declaration power consumption. The power supply reliability coefficient and the power supply guarantee cost of the distributed power supply at each time point are shown in table 12.
Table 12 provides power supply reliability coefficient and power supply guarantee cost for each time point
According to table 12, the distributed power supply and the charge of the power transmission and distribution of the user in the calculation example 4 are shown in table 13:
Table 13 example 4 fee collection
The user and distributed power cost pairs for each embodiment are shown in table 14:
table 14 cost comparison for each example
According to the embodiment, when the generated energy of the distributed power supply, the actual power consumption of the user and the declared transaction power are free from deviation, the user bears the network charge according to the transaction power, the distributed power supply does not need to bear the charge, when the generated energy of the distributed power supply is free from deviation from the declared transaction power, and the actual power consumption of the user exceeds the declared power, the user needs to bear the power transmission and distribution price corresponding to the voltage level of the deviation power, the distributed power supply does not need to bear the charge, when the actual power consumption of the user is free from deviation from the declared transaction power, the generated energy of the distributed power supply is lower than the declared power, the user bears the network charge according to the transaction power, and the distributed power supply needs to pay the power supply guarantee charge of the part of the deviation power, and meanwhile bears the power transmission and distribution price corresponding to the voltage level of the deviation power.
The scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications and alterations of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art, and any modifications, improvements and equivalents within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1.一种计及高比例分布式电源接入的过网费设计方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：1. A method for designing a transmission fee taking into account a high proportion of distributed power generation access, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1：设置供电保障系数，规定不同场景下的费用收取情况；具体如下：S1: Set the power supply guarantee coefficient and specify the fee collection in different scenarios; the details are as follows: 通过核算新能源申报电量与实际发电量的差值除以新能源申报电量来计算供电可靠性，通过对分布式电源增收供电保障费用来补偿分布式电源出力不稳定对电网造成的影响；根据分布式电源实时的供电可靠性，通过电量差值乘以不同供电保障可靠性下的成本系数得到供电保障费用，公式如下：The power supply reliability is calculated by calculating the difference between the declared power generation of renewable energy and the actual power generation, divided by the declared power generation of renewable energy. The impact of the unstable output of distributed power generation on the power grid is compensated by increasing the power supply guarantee fee for distributed power generation. Based on the real-time power supply reliability of distributed power generation, the power supply guarantee fee is calculated by multiplying the power difference by the cost coefficient under different power supply guarantee reliability. The formula is as follows: Fg＝(Qd-Qg)·kg (2)F g =(Q d -Q g )· kg (2) 式中，Kg为供电可靠性，Qd为新能源申报电量，Qg为新能源实际发电量，Fg为供电保障费用，kg为供电保障可靠性成本系数；Where Kg is the power supply reliability, Qd is the electricity quantity declared by renewable energy, Qg is the actual power generation of renewable energy, Fg is the power supply guarantee fee, and kg is the power supply guarantee reliability cost coefficient. S2：获取共用网络数据，基于顺价正推法计算理论输配电价，得出过网费费用；具体如下：S2: Obtain the shared network data, calculate the theoretical transmission and distribution price based on the forward price method, and derive the transmission fee; the details are as follows: 根据电网企业的准许收入即为电力用户承担的输配电网成本，省级电网公共网络输配电价成本计算方法如下：According to the permitted income of the power grid enterprise, which is the transmission and distribution network cost borne by the power users, the cost calculation method of the provincial power grid public network transmission and distribution price is as follows: S2-1：计算共用网络准许收入，共用网络准许收入由准许成本、准许收益和税金构成；公式如下：S2-1: Calculate the shared network licensing revenue, which consists of licensing costs, licensing benefits, and taxes. The formula is as follows: Cz＝Cc+Ce+E (3)C z =C c +C e +E (3) Ce＝A·kA (5) Ce ＝A· kA (5) 式中，Cz为共用网络准许收入，Cc为准许成本，Ce为准许收益，E为税金；表示输配电网的基期准许成本，表示输配电网的新增或减少的准许成本；A表示输配电网可计提收益的有效资产，kA表示准许收益率；Where Cz is the revenue from the shared network license, Cc is the license cost, Ce is the license income, and E is the tax; represents the base period allowable cost of the transmission and distribution network, represents the permitted cost of the transmission and distribution network that has been added or reduced; A represents the effective assets of the transmission and distribution network that can be used to accrue income; k A represents the permitted rate of return; S2-2：计算各电压等级输配电成本，准许成本按输送电量因素归集，并分摊至各电压等级；准许收益、税金按固定资产净值因素归集，并分摊至各电压等级；公式如下：S2-2: Calculate the transmission and distribution costs for each voltage level. Allowable costs are aggregated based on the amount of electricity transmitted and allocated to each voltage level. Allowable income and taxes are aggregated based on the net value of fixed assets and allocated to each voltage level. The formula is as follows: 式中，Fm为m电压等级输配电成本，为m电压等级输送电量占比，为m电压等级固定资产占比；Qm为m电压等级总传输电量，Qi为i电压等级总传输电量；Am为m电压等级固定资产净值，Ai为i电压等级固定资产净值；Where Fm is the transmission and distribution cost of voltage level m, is the proportion of electricity delivered at voltage level m, is the proportion of fixed assets at voltage level m; Qm is the total amount of electricity transmitted at voltage level m, Qi is the total amount of electricity transmitted at voltage level i; Am is the net value of fixed assets at voltage level m, Ai is the net value of fixed assets at voltage level i; S2-3：计算各电压等级输配电价准许收入，其中一个电压等级总准许收入由本电压等级准许收入和上一电压等级传导的准许收入构成；S2-3: Calculate the permitted revenue of transmission and distribution prices at each voltage level, where the total permitted revenue of a voltage level is composed of the permitted revenue of the current voltage level and the permitted revenue transmitted from the previous voltage level; 根据不同电压等级输配电网之间的电力潮流传导关系，确定各电压等级电网之间的成本传导关系，具体如下：66kV的电力用户分摊220kV电力用户的输配电网成本；20kV的电力用户分摊220kV和66kV电力用户的输配电网成本；10kV的电力用户分摊220kV、66kV和20kV电力用户的输配电网成本；1kV及以下的电力用户仅分摊10kV电力用户的输配电网成本，公式为：According to the power flow transmission relationship between transmission and distribution networks of different voltage levels, the cost transmission relationship between power grids of different voltage levels is determined as follows: 66kV power users share the transmission and distribution network costs of 220kV power users; 20kV power users share the transmission and distribution network costs of 220kV and 66kV power users; 10kV power users share the transmission and distribution network costs of 220kV, 66kV, and 20kV power users; 1kV and below power users only share the transmission and distribution network costs of 10kV power users. The formula is: 式中，Cm为m电压等级输配电价准许收入，Fl为l电压等级输配电成本，Fm为m电压等级输配电成本，qm为m电压等级向本电压等级用户输送的电量，qlm为l电压等级向m电压等级用户输送的电量，Ql为l电压等级总传输电量；Where Cm is the permitted revenue from the transmission and distribution price of voltage level m, Fl is the transmission and distribution cost of voltage level l, Fm is the transmission and distribution cost of voltage level m, qm is the amount of electricity delivered from voltage level m to users of voltage level m, qlm is the amount of electricity delivered from voltage level l to users of voltage level m, and Ql is the total amount of electricity transmitted from voltage level l. S2-4：计算各电压等级工商业用户单一制的输配电价，公式如下：S2-4: Calculate the transmission and distribution price for industrial and commercial users at each voltage level using the following formula: 式中，为m电压等级单一制工商业用户的输配电价，为m电压等级单一制工商业用户分摊的m电压等级输配电准许收入的比例，为m电压等级单一制工商业用户的用电量；Where, is the transmission and distribution price for industrial and commercial users with a single voltage level of m, The proportion of the permitted revenue from transmission and distribution of voltage level m allocated to industrial and commercial users of voltage level m, The electricity consumption of industrial and commercial users with a single voltage level of m; 考虑到不同类型的电力用户在各时段的负荷动态变化，使用综合负荷法计算工商业用户的准许收入分摊比例 Taking into account the dynamic changes in load of different types of electricity users in different time periods, the comprehensive load method is used to calculate the allowable income sharing ratio of industrial and commercial users. 式中，和分别表示居民用户、农业用户、单一制工商业用户和两部制工商业用户在i时刻的年最大用电负荷，ξm,i表示m电压等级电力用户在i时刻的年最大用电负荷占该电压等级电力用户在各时刻的年最大用电负荷之和的比例；Where, and denote the annual maximum electricity load of residential users, agricultural users, single-system industrial and commercial users, and dual-system industrial and commercial users at time i, respectively; ξ m,i denotes the ratio of the annual maximum electricity load of power users of voltage level m at time i to the sum of the annual maximum electricity loads of power users of voltage level m at all times; S2-5：计算各电压等级工商业用户两部制的输配电价；S2-5: Calculate the two-part transmission and distribution price for industrial and commercial users at each voltage level; 式中，分别为m电压等级两部制工商业用户的电量、容量、需量输配电价，分别为两部制工商业用户的电量、容量、需量输配电费占总输配电费的比例，为m电压等级两部制工商业用户分摊的m电压等级输配电准许收入的比例，为m电压等级两部制工商业用户的用电量，为m电压等级两部制工商业用户的变压器容量，为m电压等级两部制工商业用户的年最大用电负荷；Where, They are the electricity, capacity and demand transmission and distribution prices for industrial and commercial users of two-part system with voltage level m, The proportion of electricity consumption, capacity and demand transmission and distribution charges of industrial and commercial users in the total transmission and distribution charges is respectively The proportion of the permitted revenue from transmission and distribution of voltage level m shared by industrial and commercial users of the two-part system of voltage level m, The electricity consumption of industrial and commercial users with two-part system at voltage level m is: The transformer capacity of two-part industrial and commercial users of voltage level m is: The annual maximum electricity load of two-part industrial and commercial users at voltage level m; S3：对比分布式电源发电量与协议电量，确定用户所要承担费用；根据各时点电量平衡程度，计算分布式电源供电可靠性，得出分布式电源缴纳的供电保障费用，确定分布式电源所要承担费用；具体如下：S3: Compare the power generation of distributed power generation with the agreed power generation to determine the fees to be borne by the user; calculate the power supply reliability of distributed power generation based on the power balance degree at each time point, obtain the power supply guarantee fee paid by distributed power generation, and determine the fees to be borne by distributed power generation; the details are as follows: 根据过网费由用户承担，供电保障费用由分布式电源承担的原则，规定用户与分布式电源所缴纳费用的场景，分成四种情况：Based on the principle that the grid access fee is borne by the user and the power supply guarantee fee is borne by the distributed power generation, the scenarios for the fees paid by users and distributed power generation are divided into four situations: Ⅰ.分布式电源发电量等于协议电量，且各时点电力平衡：用户缴纳全额购电量过网费；Ⅰ. The power generation of distributed generation is equal to the agreed power, and the power is balanced at each time point: the user pays the full amount of power purchase transmission fee; Ⅱ.分布式电源发电量等于协议电量，且存在一个时点电力不平衡：用户缴纳全额购电量过网费；分布式电源承担电力不平衡时点对应电量的供电保障费用，采用公式(1)和(2)进行计算；II. The power generation of distributed generation is equal to the agreed power, and there is a power imbalance at a certain point in time: the user pays the full amount of power purchase transmission fee; the distributed generation bears the power supply guarantee fee corresponding to the power imbalance point in time, which is calculated using formulas (1) and (2); Ⅲ.分布式电源发电量小于协议电量，且各时点电力平衡：用户与分布式电源实际交易电量部分，缴纳过网费；从电网购买小于协议电量的部分，缴纳对应电压等级输配电价；分布式电源承担未能履行协议的电量部分的供电保障费用，采用公式(1)和(2)进行计算；III. The power generation of distributed generation is less than the agreed power, and the power is balanced at each time point: the user pays the transmission fee for the actual transaction between the user and the distributed generation; the user pays the corresponding voltage level transmission and distribution price for the part of the power purchased from the grid that is less than the agreed power; the distributed generation bears the power supply guarantee fee for the power that fails to fulfill the agreement, which is calculated using formulas (1) and (2); Ⅳ.分布式电源发电量小于协议电量，且各时点电力不平衡：用户与分布式电源实际交易电量部分，缴纳过网费；从电网购买小于协议电量的部分，缴纳对应电压等级输配电价；分布式电源承担未能履行协议的电量部分的供电保障费用，且分布式电源承担协议电量中电力不平衡时点对应电量的供电保障费用，均采用公式(1)和(2)进行计算。IV. The power generation of distributed power generation is less than the agreed power generation, and the power is unbalanced at each time point: the user pays the transmission fee for the portion of the power actually traded between the user and the distributed power generation; the user pays the corresponding voltage level transmission and distribution price for the portion of the power purchased from the grid that is less than the agreed power generation; the distributed power generation bears the power supply guarantee fee for the portion of the power generation that fails to fulfill the agreement, and the distributed power generation bears the power supply guarantee fee for the power generation corresponding to the power generation at the time point of power imbalance in the agreed power generation, both of which are calculated using formulas (1) and (2). 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种计及高比例分布式电源接入的过网费设计方法，其特征在于：步骤S1中，Kg为供电可靠性；kg为供电保障可靠性成本系数，Kg与kg的确定方法为：当Kg＝0％时，kg为0；当0％<Kg≤5％时，kg为0.02；当5％<Kg≤10％时，kg为0.03；当10％<Kg≤15％时，kg为0.04；当15％<Kg≤20％时，kg为0.05；当20％<Kg≤25％时，kg为0.06；当25％<Kg≤30％时，kg为0.07；当30％<Kg≤35％时，kg为0.08；当35％<Kg≤40％时，kg为0.09。2. A method for designing a transmission fee taking into account a high proportion of distributed power generation access according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S1, K g is power supply reliability; k g is the power supply reliability cost coefficient, and the method for determining K g and k g is: when K g = 0%, k g is 0; when 0% < K g ≤ 5%, k g is 0.02; when 5% < K g ≤ 10%, k g is 0.03; when 10% < K g ≤ 15%, k g is 0.04; when 15% < K g ≤ 20%, k g is 0.05; when 20% < K g ≤ 25%, k g is 0.06; when 25% < K g ≤ 30%, k g is 0.07; when 30% < K g ≤ 35%, k g is 0.08; when 35% < K g ≤ 40%, k g is 0.09.
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