CN118375843A - Cold energy recovery device and method and refrigerator car - Google Patents
Cold energy recovery device and method and refrigerator car Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN118375843A CN118375843A CN202410779161.9A CN202410779161A CN118375843A CN 118375843 A CN118375843 A CN 118375843A CN 202410779161 A CN202410779161 A CN 202410779161A CN 118375843 A CN118375843 A CN 118375843A
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- cold energy
- energy recovery
- heat exchanger
- working medium
- recovery device
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- RRNIZKPFKNDSRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bensulide Chemical compound CC(C)OP(=S)(OC(C)C)SCCNS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RRNIZKPFKNDSRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
- F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
- F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D33/00—Superstructures for load-carrying vehicles
- B62D33/04—Enclosed load compartments ; Frameworks for movable panels, tarpaulins or side curtains
- B62D33/048—Enclosed load compartments ; Frameworks for movable panels, tarpaulins or side curtains for refrigerated goods vehicles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/10—Arrangements for preventing freezing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/03—Control means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/0439—Temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
- F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
- F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
- F17C2270/0178—Cars
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a cold energy recovery device, a cold energy recovery method and a refrigerator car. Wherein the cold energy recovery device includes: a control unit; the liquid storage tank is connected with an engine of the refrigerator car through a direct air supply loop; the vaporizer comprises a first working medium inlet and a first working medium outlet, the first working medium outlet is connected with a refrigerator of the refrigerator car through a heat exchange section, and the vaporizer is used for vaporizing liquefied natural gas and raising the temperature to a preset temperature range; the defrosting loop comprises a heat exchange section, and is sequentially connected with the liquid storage tank, the first working medium inlet, the first working medium outlet and the refrigerator, and is used for conveying liquefied natural gas to the vaporizer for vaporization and heating under the frosting condition of the heat exchanger, and conveying the vaporized and heated working medium to the heat exchange section for defrosting of the heat exchanger. The cold energy recovery device, the cold energy recovery method and the refrigerator car can effectively recover and utilize cold energy of the liquid natural gas, and improve energy utilization efficiency and economy of the refrigerator car in the running process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cold energy recovery, in particular to a cold energy recovery device and method and a refrigerator car.
Background
As people's interest in food safety and quality increases, and the supply chain globalization, there is also an increasing demand for transporting food. Refrigerated vehicles are an important role in the food supply chain, being vehicles for transporting perishable foods and other goods that need to remain fresh in a low temperature environment. The refrigerator car keeps the temperature of the compartment in a required range through a vehicle-mounted refrigerating system. Common refrigeration modes for refrigerated vehicles include compression refrigeration, absorption refrigeration and the like. Where compression refrigeration is typically achieved by using an engine to consume fuel to drive a compressor to compress refrigerant.
LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas ) refrigerator car is loaded with LNG gas pitcher generally, under the conventional mode of operation, the LNG is carried out the burning work after being heated by engine coolant gasification, but this can lead to the cold energy waste of LNG, because the refrigeration effect of LNG is mainly based on its low temperature characteristic, can utilize the LNG gasification in-process to absorb the cold energy recovery of this mode of environment heat, can realize the refrigeration of refrigerator car when providing fuel for the engine to reach energy-conserving purpose. However, the decrease in the ambient temperature during the cold energy recovery process easily causes the moisture in the refrigerator to condense and form water droplets, and frost or ice layers are formed in a low temperature environment, resulting in a decrease in the refrigerating efficiency of the refrigerator car.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a refrigeration energy recovery device, a refrigeration energy recovery method and a refrigerator car capable of improving refrigeration efficiency, aiming at the problem of low refrigeration efficiency in the process of recovering refrigeration energy of an LNG refrigerator car.
In a first aspect, there is provided a cold energy recovery device for a refrigerated vehicle, comprising:
A control unit;
the liquid storage tank is connected with the engine of the refrigerated vehicle through a direct air supply loop and is used for storing liquefied natural gas and providing fuel for the engine;
the temperature sensor is electrically connected with the control unit and is used for detecting whether the heat exchanger of the refrigerator car frosts or not;
the vaporizer comprises a first working medium inlet and a first working medium outlet, the first working medium outlet is connected with a refrigerator of the refrigerator car through a pipeline, and the vaporizer is used for vaporizing liquefied natural gas and raising the temperature to a preset temperature range;
the defrosting loop comprises a heat exchange section, and is sequentially connected with the liquid storage tank, the first working medium inlet, the first working medium outlet and the refrigerator, and is used for conveying liquefied natural gas to the vaporizer for vaporization and heating under the frosting condition of the heat exchanger, and conveying the vaporized and heated working medium to the heat exchange section for defrosting of the heat exchanger.
In one embodiment, the cold energy recovery device further comprises:
the first valve is arranged on a pipeline between the first working medium outlet and the engine and is used for disconnecting the direct air supply loop under the frosting condition of the heat exchanger.
In one embodiment, the cold energy recovery device further comprises:
The refrigerating loop is sequentially connected with the liquid storage tank, the heat exchange section, the vaporizer and the engine and is used for conveying the liquefied natural gas to the heat exchange section and carrying out heat exchange with the heat exchanger so as to refrigerate the refrigerator;
and the second valve is electrically connected with the control unit and is arranged on a pipeline between the first working medium outlet and the heat exchanger and used for disconnecting the defrosting loop under the refrigeration working condition.
In one embodiment, the cold energy recovery device further comprises:
the first end, the second end and the third end of the first three-way valve are respectively connected with the liquid storage tank, the heat exchange section and the first working medium outlet;
And the third valve is arranged on a pipeline between the first three-way valve and the liquid storage tank and is used for controlling the on-off of the defrosting loop and the refrigerating loop.
In one embodiment, the control unit further comprises a flow regulating subunit, and the flow regulating subunit is used for regulating the opening degrees of the second valve and the third valve according to the temperature of the heat exchanger so as to regulate the flow of the natural gas entering the heat exchange section.
In one embodiment, the cold energy recovery device further comprises:
The cooling water loop comprises a water inlet branch and a water return branch, the first end of the water inlet branch is connected with the cooling water inlet of the vaporizer, the second end of the water inlet branch is connected with the cooling water outlet of the engine, the first end of the water return branch is connected with the cooling water outlet of the vaporizer, the second end of the water return branch is connected with the cooling water inlet of the engine, cooling water is contained in the cooling water loop, and the cooling water loop is used for exchanging heat with liquefied natural gas through the vaporizer and cooling the engine.
In one embodiment, the cold energy recovery device further comprises:
The fan is arranged opposite to the heat exchanger and is electrically connected with the control unit and used for enhancing the convection heat exchange of the surface of the heat exchanger;
The control unit is also used for adjusting the rotating speed of the fan according to the real-time temperature of the heat exchanger.
In one embodiment, the cold energy recovery device comprises at least two liquid storage tanks, wherein at least one liquid storage tank is used for connecting a defrosting circuit, and at least one liquid storage tank is used for connecting a refrigerating circuit.
In a second aspect, there is provided a method of cold energy recovery, the method being applied to a cold energy recovery device as described in the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect, comprising the steps of:
collecting the real-time temperature of the heat exchanger, and comparing the real-time temperature with a preset defrosting temperature threshold value;
and under the condition that the real-time temperature is lower than a preset defrosting temperature threshold value, conveying the liquefied natural gas into the vaporizer through the defrosting loop to gasify and heat, and conveying the gasified and heated working medium into the heat exchange section to defrost the heat exchanger.
In a third aspect, there is provided a refrigerated vehicle comprising:
The refrigerating unit is used for cooling the refrigerator car;
the cold energy recovery device as described in the first aspect or any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, wherein the cold energy recovery device is configured to recover cold energy of a refrigerator and defrost a heat exchanger of a refrigeration unit.
According to the cold energy recovery device, the cold energy recovery method and the refrigerator car, the control unit and the sensor are arranged to control the cold energy recovery system in real time, so that the quick response and adjustment of the working state can be realized, the liquid natural gas stored in the liquid storage tank can provide power for the refrigerator car and serve as a source for cold energy recovery, the low-temperature characteristic of the liquid natural gas is fully utilized, the problems of heat exchange efficiency reduction or equipment damage and the like caused by the problems of frosting or icing and the like of the heat exchanger can be avoided through timely detection and defrosting, and the service life of the heat exchanger can be prolonged. The cold energy of the liquefied natural gas can be effectively recycled and utilized, clean fuel can be provided for an engine, a stable cold source can be provided for a refrigerating system, and the energy utilization efficiency and the economy of the running process of the refrigerated vehicle are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments or the conventional techniques of the present application, the drawings required for the descriptions of the embodiments or the conventional techniques will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cold energy recovery device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for recovering cold energy according to an embodiment of the invention.
The above and other objects, features, advantages and embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent by the following description of the attached symbols:
100: liquid storage tank, 200: vaporizer, 201: first working fluid inlet, 202: first working fluid outlet, 203: second working fluid inlet, 204: second working fluid outlet, 205: cooling water inlet, 206: cooling water outlet, 300: refrigerator, 301: heat exchanger, 302: a fan, 401: first valve, 402: second valve, 403: third valve, 404: first three-way valve, 405: second three-way valve, 406: third three-way valve, 407: fourth three-way valve, 500: an engine 600, a control unit.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, whereby the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a cold energy recovery device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes:
A control unit;
The liquid storage tank 100, the liquid storage tank 100 is connected with the engine 500 of the refrigerated vehicle through a direct air supply loop, and is used for storing liquefied natural gas and providing fuel for the engine 500;
the temperature sensor is electrically connected with the control unit and is used for detecting whether the heat exchanger 301 of the refrigerator car frosts or not;
the vaporizer 200 comprises a first working medium inlet 201 and a first working medium outlet 202, the first working medium outlet 202 is connected with a refrigerator 300 of the refrigerator car through a pipeline, and the vaporizer 200 is used for vaporizing liquefied natural gas and raising the temperature to a preset temperature range;
The defrosting loop comprises a heat exchange section, and is sequentially connected with the liquid storage tank 100, the first working medium inlet 201, the first working medium outlet 202 and the refrigerator 300, and is used for conveying liquefied natural gas to the vaporizer 200 for vaporization and heating under the frosting condition of the heat exchanger 301, and conveying the vaporized and heated working medium to the heat exchange section for defrosting of the heat exchanger 301.
The control unit is a unit that receives signals collected by each sensor in the cold energy recovery device and controls the action of each driving unit, and can execute a preset logic instruction, judge and execute corresponding control operations according to the signals of the sensor or user input, for example, adjust the rotation speed of the fan 302, the opening and closing of a valve, or the opening degree, etc., and the control unit can be a part of a control system of the refrigerator car or an independent controller. The liquid storage tank 100 refers to a container for storing low-temperature Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), and generally includes an inner tank, an outer tank, a heat insulation layer, a supporting structure, a pipe, a valve system, etc., and the shape of the liquid storage tank 100 may be determined according to the actual requirements and structure of the refrigerator car, and may be a shape of a vertical cylinder tank, a horizontal cylinder tank, or a spherical storage tank, etc., which is not limited in this application. The direct gas supply loop refers to a series of pipelines for liquefying and heating natural gas and then directly conveying the natural gas to the engine 500 for combustion and doing work, and can comprise structures such as pipelines, valves, sealing elements and the like, and the preparation materials of the pipelines can comprise metal, rubber and the like. The temperature sensor is disposed inside the refrigerator 300 of the refrigerator car, and may be disposed on the surface of the heat exchanger 301, in an inner flow path or within a certain range of heat exchange distance, and when the heat exchanger 301 frosts, the surface and the vicinity thereof, and the temperature inside the flow path may also be affected, and whether the heat exchanger 301 frosts may be judged by the temperature change. The temperature sensor may be of the thermocouple, thermistor, platinum resistor or the like type. Vaporizer 200 is a device for converting liquid natural gas at low temperature to gaseous natural gas to fuel engine 500. The vaporizer 200 may be of the type of an ambient air vaporizer 200, a water bath vaporizer 200, an electrically heated vaporizer 200, or a fluid vaporizer 200, among others. The defrost circuit is a series of lines for delivering vaporized and warmed natural gas for defrosting of heat exchanger 301. The heat exchange section may be disposed opposite the heat exchanger 301, may be a section of piping disposed along one side or periphery of the heat exchanger 301, and may include an inlet for delivering warmed natural gas into the heat exchanger 301 and an outlet on the other side of the inlet for discharging defrost-completed natural gas.
The cold energy recovery device can control the cold energy recovery system in real time by arranging the control unit and the sensor, can realize the quick response and adjustment of the working state, can supply power to the refrigerator car and serve as a source for cold energy recovery by the liquid natural gas stored in the liquid storage tank 100, fully utilizes the low-temperature characteristic of the liquid natural gas, can avoid the problems of heat exchange efficiency reduction or equipment damage and the like caused by the problems of frosting or icing and the like of the heat exchanger 301 by timely detecting and defrosting, and can prolong the service life of the heat exchanger 301. The cold energy of the liquefied natural gas can be effectively recycled and utilized, clean fuel can be provided for the engine 500, a stable cold source can be provided for a refrigerating system, and the energy utilization efficiency and the economy of the running process of the refrigerated vehicle are improved.
In one embodiment, the cold energy recovery device further comprises: a first valve 401, which is arranged on the line between the first working substance outlet 202 and the engine 500, is used to break the direct air supply circuit in case of frosting of the heat exchanger 301. Under the condition that the heat exchanger 301 frosts, the heat exchange efficiency is obviously reduced, the energy consumption of the refrigerator car is increased, at the moment, the direct air supply loop is disconnected through the first valve 401, so that the liquefied natural gas is gasified and heated through the vaporizer 200 through the defrosting loop and then exchanges heat with the heat exchanger 301 of the refrigerator 300 through the heat exchange section, the defrosting of the heat exchanger 301 is realized, and the defrosted natural gas is conveyed to the engine 500 for combustion work.
In one embodiment, the cold energy recovery device further comprises: the refrigeration loop is sequentially connected with the liquid storage tank 100, the heat exchange section, the vaporizer 200 and the engine 500 and is used for conveying liquefied natural gas to the heat exchange section and exchanging heat with the heat exchanger 301 so as to refrigerate the refrigerator 300; and a second valve 402, which is electrically connected with the control unit, wherein the second valve 402 is arranged on a pipeline between the first working medium outlet 202 and the heat exchanger 301 and is used for disconnecting the defrosting loop under the refrigeration working condition. The refrigeration circuit is a series of lines for delivering liquid natural gas for refrigeration of the cooler 300. After heat exchange with the heat exchanger 301, the liquefied natural gas flows through the vaporizer 200 for further vaporization, and finally enters the engine 500 for combustion energy supply. Therefore, the cold energy of the liquid natural gas can be fully utilized, and the cold energy recovery is realized. The refrigeration condition refers to a condition that the refrigerator car utilizes the liquefied natural gas to perform refrigeration, and the temperature of the heat exchanger 301 is higher at this time, so that the defrosting loop can be disconnected through the second valve 402 to save system resources.
In one embodiment, the cold energy recovery device further comprises: the first end, the second end and the third end of the first three-way valve 404 are respectively connected with the liquid storage tank 100, the heat exchange section and the first working medium outlet 202; and a third valve 403, which is arranged on the pipeline between the first three-way valve 404 and the liquid storage tank 100, and is used for controlling the on-off of the defrosting circuit and the refrigerating circuit.
In some embodiments, the first valve 401, the second valve 402, and the third valve 403 may be solenoid valves or cryogenic solenoid valves. The low-temperature electromagnetic valve is a control valve used in a low-temperature environment, and a valve body, a valve core and a sealing element of the low-temperature electromagnetic valve are made of low-temperature resistant materials and are suitable for controlling the flow of liquefied natural gas in the conveying, storage and gasification processes.
In one embodiment, the control unit further comprises a flow regulating subunit for regulating the opening of the second valve 402 and the third valve 403 according to the temperature of the heat exchanger 301, so as to regulate the flow of natural gas entering the heat exchange section.
In one embodiment, the cold energy recovery device further comprises: and the cooling water loop comprises a water inlet branch and a water return branch, the first end of the water inlet branch is connected with the cooling water inlet of the vaporizer 200, the second end of the water inlet branch is connected with the cooling water outlet of the engine 500, the first end of the water return branch is connected with the cooling water outlet of the vaporizer 200, the second end of the water return branch is connected with the cooling water inlet of the engine 500, and cooling water is accommodated in the cooling water loop and used for exchanging heat with liquefied natural gas through the vaporizer 200 and cooling the engine 500.
In one embodiment, the cold energy recovery device further comprises: the fan 302 is arranged opposite to the heat exchanger 301 and is electrically connected with the control unit, and is used for enhancing the convection heat exchange of the surface of the heat exchanger 301; the control unit is also used to adjust the rotational speed of the fan 302 according to the real-time temperature of the heat exchanger 301.
In one embodiment, the cold energy recovery device comprises at least two liquid storage tanks 100, wherein at least one liquid storage tank 100 is used for connecting a defrosting circuit, and at least one liquid storage tank 100 is used for connecting a refrigerating circuit.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides a cold energy recovery method for realizing the cold energy recovery device. The implementation of the solution provided by the method is similar to that described in the above device, so the specific limitation of one or more embodiments of the method for recovering cold energy provided below may be referred to the limitation of the cold energy recovery device hereinabove, and will not be repeated here.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a cold energy recovery method according to an embodiment of the present invention, in some embodiments, a cold energy recovery method is provided, and the method is applied to the cold energy recovery device described in the above embodiments, and includes the following steps:
step 202: collecting the real-time temperature of the heat exchanger 301, and comparing the real-time temperature with a preset defrosting temperature threshold;
Step 204: in the case that the real-time temperature is lower than the preset defrosting temperature threshold, the liquefied natural gas is conveyed to the vaporizer 200 through the defrosting loop to be gasified and heated, and the gasified and heated working medium is conveyed to the heat exchange section to defrost the heat exchanger 301.
In one embodiment, heat exchanger 301 is in defrost mode. During the refrigerating process of the heat exchanger 301, whether frosting occurs or not is judged through detection of a temperature sensor in the heat exchanger 301, and once frosting occurs, a defrosting mode can be selectively entered. In the process, a gas pipeline controlled by a low-temperature third valve 403 and a first valve 401 is kept closed, and LNG liquid enters an engine 500 to burn after passing through a first three-way valve 404, the multi-channel water bath vaporizer 200, a third three-way valve 406, a low-temperature second valve 402, the refrigerator 300 heat exchanger 301, the multi-channel water bath vaporizer 200 and a fourth three-way valve 407. In this process, LNG is gasified after passing through the multichannel water bath vaporizer 200, and the temperature rises to zero, so that it can be used as a defrosting medium for the heat exchanger 301 of the refrigerator 300, and at the same time, the fan 302 can accelerate the convective heat transfer of air, so that the risk of frosting can be reduced. Once frosted, the defrosting mode can be manually and automatically entered, i.e. the defrosting function is achieved by the heated high temperature natural gas flowing through the inside of the heat exchanger 301.
In one embodiment, the LNG is mainly used to provide gas supply for the operation of the engine 500 assembly, in which case the defrosting circuit and the refrigerating circuit controlled by the second valve 402 and the third valve 403 are kept closed, and LNG in the air tank passes through the liquid outlet pipeline, the first three-way valve 404, the multi-channel water bath vaporizer 200, the third three-way valve 406, the first valve 401 and the fourth three-way valve 407, and then enters the engine 500 to perform combustion work, so as to drive the vehicle to run. The LNG is warmed up by the engine 500 coolant during this process, as in the conventional LNG chassis vehicle mode of operation.
In one embodiment, the LNG is mainly used for refrigerating a cargo box, and in this process, the gas pipeline controlled by the low-temperature second valve 402 and the low-temperature first valve 401 is kept closed, and LNG liquid enters the engine 500 to burn after passing through the first three-way valve 404, the low Wen Disan valve 403, the heat exchanger 301 of the refrigerator 300, the multi-channel water bath vaporizer 200 and the fourth three-way valve 407. In this process, the opening and closing of the third valve 403 and the first valve 401 can be adjusted in real time according to the temperature of the cold air in the heat exchanger 301, so that the LNG amount entering the heat exchanger 301 can be controlled, and then the temperature control and balance in the refrigerator 300 can be realized through the rotation speed control of the fan 302.
In one embodiment, in the case of a fast cooling mode, during the process, the control unit receives a fast cooling demand instruction of the refrigerator 300, immediately sends a high idle speed request, the engine 500ECU reads the information and then executes the high idle speed command, and pulls up the idle speed of the engine 500 to the high idle speed, at this time, the air consumption of the engine 500 increases, and drives the cold energy exchange inside the heat exchanger 301 to achieve fast cooling.
In one embodiment, the cooler 300 is in a preheat mode. This mode of operation is consistent with defrost, and this function is applicable when the outside ambient temperature is less than the internal settings of the cooler 300, and can be preheated to specific cargo requirements inside.
The cold energy recovery method can realize automatically controlled cold air output and constant temperature control; the heated CNG is utilized to realize an automatically controlled defrosting mode; the heating requirements of the liquid outlet pipeline of the LNG gas cylinder and the liquid outlet pipeline of the evaporator in multiple channels are met through the multi-channel water bath vaporizer, and a defrosting mode of one-key operation can be realized; a temperature sensor is integrated in the heat exchanger of the refrigerator, and the induction blowing temperature is controlled in time; the vehicle can be matched with a plurality of air tanks, namely each air tank performs a function, such as a first air tank provides a refrigerating circuit, a second air tank performs a defrosting function and the engine supplies air normally; and can enable heating of the cargo box.
In some embodiments, there is also provided a refrigerated vehicle comprising:
The refrigerating unit is used for cooling the refrigerator car;
the cold energy recovery device as described in the first aspect or any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, wherein the cold energy recovery device is configured to recover cold energy of a refrigerator and defrost a heat exchanger of a refrigeration unit.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A cold energy recovery device, wherein the cold energy recovery device is for a refrigerated vehicle, comprising:
A control unit;
the liquid storage tank is connected with an engine of the refrigerated vehicle through a direct air supply loop and is used for storing liquefied natural gas and providing fuel for the engine;
The temperature sensor is electrically connected with the control unit and is used for detecting whether the heat exchanger of the refrigerator car frosts or not;
The vaporizer comprises a first working medium inlet and a first working medium outlet, the first working medium outlet is connected with a refrigerator of the refrigerator car through a pipeline, and the vaporizer is used for vaporizing the liquefied natural gas and raising the temperature to a preset temperature range;
And the defrosting loop comprises a heat exchange section, and is sequentially connected with the liquid storage tank, the first working medium inlet, the first working medium outlet and the refrigerator, and is used for conveying liquefied natural gas to the vaporizer for gasification and heating under the frosting condition of the heat exchanger, and conveying the gasified and heated working medium to the heat exchange section for defrosting of the heat exchanger.
2. The cold energy recovery device of claim 1, further comprising:
the first valve is arranged on a pipeline between the first working medium outlet and the engine and is used for disconnecting the direct air supply loop under the condition that the heat exchanger frosts.
3. The cold energy recovery device of claim 1, further comprising:
The refrigerating loop is sequentially connected with the liquid storage tank, the heat exchange section, the vaporizer and the engine and is used for conveying the liquefied natural gas to the heat exchange section and carrying out heat exchange with the heat exchanger so as to refrigerate the refrigerator;
and the second valve is electrically connected with the control unit and is arranged on a pipeline between the first working medium outlet and the heat exchanger and used for disconnecting the defrosting loop under a refrigeration working condition.
4. The cold energy recovery device according to claim 2, further comprising:
the first end, the second end and the third end of the first three-way valve are respectively connected with the liquid storage tank, the heat exchange section and the first working medium outlet;
and the third valve is arranged on a pipeline between the first three-way valve and the liquid storage tank and is used for controlling the on-off of the defrosting loop and the refrigerating loop.
5. A cold energy recovery device according to claim 3, wherein the control unit further comprises a flow regulating subunit for regulating the opening of the second and third valves according to the temperature of the heat exchanger to regulate the flow of natural gas into the heat exchange section.
6. The cold energy recovery device according to claim 2, further comprising:
The cooling water loop comprises a water inlet branch and a water return branch, wherein the first end of the water inlet branch is connected with a cooling water inlet of the vaporizer, the second end of the water inlet branch is connected with a cooling water outlet of the engine, the first end of the water return branch is connected with the cooling water outlet of the vaporizer, the second end of the water return branch is connected with the cooling water inlet of the engine, and cooling water is contained in the cooling water loop and used for exchanging heat with liquefied natural gas through the vaporizer and cooling the engine.
7. The cold energy recovery device according to claim 2, further comprising:
The fan is arranged opposite to the heat exchanger and is electrically connected with the control unit and used for enhancing the convection heat exchange of the surface of the heat exchanger;
The control unit is also used for adjusting the rotating speed of the fan according to the real-time temperature of the heat exchanger.
8. The cold energy recovery device of claim 2, comprising at least two liquid reservoirs, wherein at least one of the liquid reservoirs is for connection to the defrost circuit and at least one of the liquid reservoirs is for connection to the refrigeration circuit.
9. A method for recovering cold energy, characterized in that the method is applied to the cold energy recovery device according to claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
collecting the real-time temperature of the heat exchanger, and comparing the real-time temperature with a preset defrosting temperature threshold value;
And under the condition that the real-time temperature is lower than the preset defrosting temperature threshold value, conveying the liquefied natural gas to the vaporizer through the defrosting loop for vaporization heating, and conveying the vaporized and heated working medium to the heat exchange section for defrosting the heat exchanger.
10. A refrigerated vehicle, comprising:
The refrigerating unit is used for cooling the refrigerator car;
The cold energy recovery apparatus of claims 1 to 7, for recovering cold energy of the refrigerator and defrosting a heat exchanger of the refrigeration unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410779161.9A CN118375843A (en) | 2024-06-17 | 2024-06-17 | Cold energy recovery device and method and refrigerator car |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410779161.9A CN118375843A (en) | 2024-06-17 | 2024-06-17 | Cold energy recovery device and method and refrigerator car |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118375843A true CN118375843A (en) | 2024-07-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410779161.9A Pending CN118375843A (en) | 2024-06-17 | 2024-06-17 | Cold energy recovery device and method and refrigerator car |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118375843A (en) |
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2024
- 2024-06-17 CN CN202410779161.9A patent/CN118375843A/en active Pending
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