CN118329683A - Test method for determining precipitation characteristics of water in coal - Google Patents
Test method for determining precipitation characteristics of water in coal Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004457 water analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101001121408 Homo sapiens L-amino-acid oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100026388 L-amino-acid oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101100012902 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) FIG2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002864 coal component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
- G01N5/045—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder for determining moisture content
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Abstract
一种测定煤中水分的析出特性的试验方法，试验装置包括加热装置、抽真空装置、控制台；加热装置中具有相互分隔的并列多个腔室；每个腔室作为独立的加热工作环境；各腔室中可水平放置有煤样容器；煤样容器两侧分别连接气体管路，气体管路连接于抽真空装置；加热装置连接控制台，控制台用于控制调节各腔室具有不同加热温度、各煤样容器具有不同真空度，同时获取多份煤样在不同温度、压力条件下的质量变化数据，拟合出煤中水分的析出特性的数据曲线；装置简单，试验方法易操作，能够准确测定煤中水分的析出特性；一次获取若干条件下的时间质量数据，试验周期短，数据准确。
A test method for determining the precipitation characteristics of moisture in coal, the test device comprises a heating device, a vacuum device, and a control console; the heating device is provided with a plurality of mutually separated parallel chambers; each chamber serves as an independent heating working environment; a coal sample container can be placed horizontally in each chamber; gas pipelines are respectively connected to the two sides of the coal sample container, and the gas pipelines are connected to the vacuum device; the heating device is connected to the control console, the control console is used to control and adjust each chamber to have different heating temperatures, each coal sample container to have different vacuum degrees, and simultaneously obtains the mass change data of multiple coal samples under different temperature and pressure conditions, and fits the data curve of the precipitation characteristics of moisture in coal; the device is simple, the test method is easy to operate, and the precipitation characteristics of moisture in coal can be accurately determined; the time quality data under several conditions are obtained at one time, the test cycle is short, and the data is accurate.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明属于煤成分监测领域，具体涉及一种测定煤中水分的析出特性的试验方法。The invention belongs to the field of coal component monitoring, and in particular relates to a test method for measuring the precipitation characteristics of water in coal.
背景技术Background technique
在火电厂燃煤利用过程中，煤中水分越高，发热量越低；由于水分蒸发消耗热量，导致锅炉炉膛内温度下降，煤粉着火困难；由于水分增加，可导致燃烧产生的水蒸气体积增大，因而使烟气量增多，增加了排烟热损失和引风机耗电量，由于水分增加，可促进烟气中三氧化硫形成硫酸蒸汽的作用，增加锅炉尾部低温处硫酸的凝结沉积，造成空气预热器腐蚀、堵灰。若能在制粉系统前加装简易干燥装置，就能达到降低煤中水分的目的。干燥装置需要通过煤中水分析获取不同环境条件下的水分析出特性，由于不同煤种的水分析出特性不同，因此需要测定煤中水分析出特性。目前尚无针对煤中水分的析出特性试验方法，需要一种快速便捷的试验装置及方法。In the process of coal combustion in thermal power plants, the higher the moisture content in coal, the lower the calorific value; the evaporation of moisture consumes heat, causing the temperature in the boiler furnace to drop, making it difficult for coal powder to ignite; the increase in moisture content can lead to an increase in the volume of water vapor produced by combustion, thereby increasing the amount of flue gas, increasing the heat loss of flue gas and the power consumption of the induced draft fan. The increase in moisture content can promote the formation of sulfuric acid vapor from sulfur trioxide in the flue gas, increase the condensation and deposition of sulfuric acid at the low temperature of the boiler tail, and cause corrosion and ash blockage of the air preheater. If a simple drying device can be installed before the pulverizing system, the purpose of reducing the moisture content in coal can be achieved. The drying device needs to obtain the water analysis characteristics under different environmental conditions through water analysis in the coal. Since the water analysis characteristics of different types of coal are different, it is necessary to measure the water analysis characteristics in the coal. At present, there is no test method for the precipitation characteristics of water in coal, and a fast and convenient test device and method are needed.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明旨在解决上述问题，提供一种测定煤中水分的析出特性的试验方法，试验过程简单、快捷、效率高。The present invention aims to solve the above problems and provides a test method for determining the precipitation characteristics of water in coal. The test process is simple, fast and efficient.
本发明采用如下技术方案来实现的：The present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:
一种测定煤中水分的析出特性的试验方法，试验装置包括加热装置、抽真空装置、控制台；加热装置中具有相互分隔的并列多个腔室；每个腔室作为独立的加热工作环境；各腔室中放置有煤样容器；加热装置连接控制台，控制台用于控制调节各腔室具有不同加热温度、各煤样容器具有不同真空度；A test method for determining the precipitation characteristics of moisture in coal, the test device includes a heating device, a vacuum device, and a control console; the heating device has a plurality of chambers separated from each other and arranged in parallel; each chamber serves as an independent heating working environment; a coal sample container is placed in each chamber; the heating device is connected to the control console, and the control console is used to control and adjust each chamber to have different heating temperatures and each coal sample container to have different vacuum degrees;
煤样容器两侧分别连接气体管路；一侧为进气管路，另一侧为抽气管路；各进气管路、抽气管路上均设置有电控调节阀，执行开度调节控制；The two sides of the coal sample container are connected to gas pipelines respectively; one side is the air intake pipeline, and the other side is the air extraction pipeline; each air intake pipeline and air extraction pipeline is provided with an electric control valve to perform opening adjustment control;
多个煤样容器的进气管路汇入进气母管，抽气管路汇入抽气母管；进气母管一端连接干燥气源；另一端接入电控切换阀的B口，抽气母管一端接入电控切换阀的C口，电控切换阀的A口通过管路连接水分分离装置后接入抽真空装置；电控切换阀具有A-B、B-C、A-C三种通流状态；The air inlet pipelines of multiple coal sample containers merge into the air inlet main pipe, and the air extraction pipelines merge into the air extraction main pipe; one end of the air inlet main pipe is connected to the dry gas source; the other end is connected to the B port of the electric control switching valve, one end of the air extraction main pipe is connected to the C port of the electric control switching valve, and the A port of the electric control switching valve is connected to the water separation device through a pipeline and then connected to the vacuum device; the electric control switching valve has three flow states: A-B, B-C, and A-C;
试验时，步骤如下：During the test, the steps are as follows:
1）初始状态，电控切换阀位于A-C位，各电控调节阀位于关闭位；1) In the initial state, the electronically controlled switching valve is in the A-C position, and each electronically controlled regulating valve is in the closed position;
2）称取相同质量的多份煤样；将煤样装于各煤样容器中，煤样容器两端连接上气路；2) Weigh multiple coal samples of the same mass; place the coal samples in each coal sample container, and connect both ends of the coal sample container to the gas path;
3）电控切换阀切换位于A-B位，打开干燥气源输出气体经进气母管进入水分分离装置，维持一定时间，水分分离装置内部环境初始化；各电控调节阀仍位于关闭位；3) The electronically controlled switching valve is switched to the A-B position, the dry gas source is opened and the output gas enters the moisture separation device through the air intake main pipe, and is maintained for a certain period of time, and the internal environment of the moisture separation device is initialized; each electronically controlled regulating valve is still in the closed position;
4）电控切换阀切换位于B-C位，将各电控调节阀位于完全开启位；干燥气源输出气体进入各煤样容器；维持一定时间，各煤样容器内部环境初始化；4) The electric control switching valve is switched to the B-C position, and each electric control regulating valve is in the fully open position; the dry gas source outputs gas into each coal sample container; it is maintained for a certain period of time, and the internal environment of each coal sample container is initialized;
5）控制各腔室加热温度至不同设定试验温度；5) Control the heating temperature of each chamber to different set test temperatures;
6）电控切换阀切换位于A-C位，抽气母管接通真空管路，各煤样容器开始降压，调控与各煤样容器相连接电控调节阀开度，使各煤样容器内保持不同最终压力；6) The electric control switching valve is switched to the A-C position, the exhaust main pipe is connected to the vacuum pipeline, and the pressure of each coal sample container begins to decrease. The opening of the electric control regulating valve connected to each coal sample container is adjusted to maintain a different final pressure in each coal sample container;
7）各腔室在保持温度、压力条件下周期性进行煤样质量采集记录；7) Each chamber periodically collects and records coal sample quality while maintaining temperature and pressure conditions;
8）获取多份煤样在不同温度、压力条件下的质量变化数据，拟合出煤中水分的析出特性的数据曲线。8) Obtain the mass change data of multiple coal samples under different temperature and pressure conditions, and fit the data curve of the precipitation characteristics of water in coal.
进一步地，各腔室作为独立的加热工作环境，其配置有加热源、温度传感器、温控电路。Furthermore, each chamber serves as an independent heating working environment, which is equipped with a heating source, a temperature sensor, and a temperature control circuit.
进一步地，各腔室底部具有重量传感器，煤样容器放置于腔室底部时，通过重量传感器测量其重量参数。Furthermore, each chamber bottom is provided with a weight sensor, and when the coal sample container is placed at the chamber bottom, its weight parameter is measured by the weight sensor.
进一步地，步骤4）中，维持一定时间后，通过重量传感器采集各煤样容器初始质量。Furthermore, in step 4), after a certain period of time, the initial mass of each coal sample container is collected by a weight sensor.
进一步地，步骤5）中，还将抽真空装置启动并维持一定时间，达到预定真空度。Furthermore, in step 5), the vacuuming device is started and maintained for a certain period of time to reach a predetermined vacuum degree.
进一步地，步骤6）中，各煤样容器同时开始降压，当到达一设定真空压力值时，调整其中一煤样容器两端的电控调节阀开度变小，保持该煤样容器内部为该设定真空压力值；依次调控与各煤样容器相连接电控调节阀开度，直至达到最低真空压力值，且各煤样容器具有不同真空压力值。Furthermore, in step 6), each coal sample container starts to reduce pressure at the same time. When a set vacuum pressure value is reached, the opening of the electrically controlled regulating valves at both ends of one of the coal sample containers is adjusted to be smaller to maintain the set vacuum pressure value inside the coal sample container; the opening of the electrically controlled regulating valve connected to each coal sample container is adjusted in turn until the lowest vacuum pressure value is reached, and each coal sample container has a different vacuum pressure value.
进一步地，所述煤样容器由筒体和筒盖两部分组成，筒体为玻璃管，两端旋紧安装端盖，端盖上开有通气孔通过耐压乳胶管连接气体管路。Furthermore, the coal sample container consists of a cylinder and a cylinder cover. The cylinder is a glass tube with end covers screwed on both ends. The end covers are provided with vent holes connected to the gas pipeline via a pressure-resistant latex tube.
进一步地，控制台对各腔室的工作温度进行设定及监控；控制台对电控切换阀发出调节指令切换通流状态，控制气路切换工作状态；控制台对电控调节阀发出开度调节指令，调节各煤样容器的进气、抽气通流状态，保持不同真空度。Furthermore, the control console sets and monitors the working temperature of each chamber; the control console issues adjustment instructions to the electronically controlled switching valve to switch the flow state and control the gas circuit to switch the working state; the control console issues opening adjustment instructions to the electronically controlled regulating valve to adjust the air intake and exhaust flow state of each coal sample container to maintain different vacuum degrees.
进一步地，加热装置上对应于各腔室设置有显示区，控制台输出状态数据至显示区，对各腔室的当前温度、压力及工作时间进行显示输出。Furthermore, a display area is provided on the heating device corresponding to each chamber, and the console outputs status data to the display area to display and output the current temperature, pressure and working time of each chamber.
进一步地，控制台与监控系统进行通信连接，接收监控系统发送的控制指令，并将采集的数据上传至监控系统进而生成煤中水分的析出特性的数据曲线。Furthermore, the control console is connected to the monitoring system for communication, receives control instructions sent by the monitoring system, and uploads the collected data to the monitoring system to generate a data curve of the precipitation characteristics of water in the coal.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1）试验装置简单，试验方法易操作，能够准确测定煤中水分的析出特性。1) The test device is simple, the test method is easy to operate, and can accurately determine the precipitation characteristics of moisture in coal.
2）一次获取若干条件下的煤样时间质量数据，试验周期短，数据准确。2) Obtain the time quality data of coal samples under several conditions at one time, with a short test cycle and accurate data.
3）样品密闭空间小，在抽真空装置的作用下，可以达到较高的真空度要求。3) The sample enclosed space is small, and with the help of the vacuum pump, a higher vacuum requirement can be achieved.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1是本发明装置的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the device of the present invention.
图2是电控切换阀的结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrically controlled switching valve.
图3是析出特性曲线图。FIG. 3 is a precipitation characteristic curve diagram.
其中： 1-抽真空装置，2-压力计，3-控制台，4-上位机，5-水分分离装置，6-电控切换阀，7-电控调节阀，8-腔室，9-干燥气源，10-煤样容器，11-加热装置，12-显示区，13-抽气母管，14-进气母管，61-阀体，62-阀芯，63-过流腔，64-阀口，A\B\C-电控切换阀接口。Among them: 1-vacuum extraction device, 2-pressure gauge, 3-control console, 4-host computer, 5-water separation device, 6-electrically controlled switching valve, 7-electrically controlled regulating valve, 8-chamber, 9-dry gas source, 10-coal sample container, 11-heating device, 12-display area, 13-exhaust main pipe, 14-inlet main pipe, 61-valve body, 62-valve core, 63-flow chamber, 64-valve port, A\B\C-electrically controlled switching valve interface.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明做出进一步说明。The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
实施例1Example 1
一种测定煤中水分的析出特性试验方法，其中，如图1所示，试验装置包括加热装置11、抽真空装置1、控制台3；加热装置11中具有相互分隔的并列多个腔室8。每个腔室8作为独立的加热工作环境，其配置有加热源、温度传感器、温控电路，加热源可采用加热电阻。A test method for determining the precipitation characteristics of moisture in coal, wherein, as shown in FIG1 , the test device includes a heating device 11, a vacuum device 1, and a control console 3; the heating device 11 has a plurality of mutually separated and parallel chambers 8. Each chamber 8 is an independent heating working environment, which is equipped with a heating source, a temperature sensor, and a temperature control circuit, and the heating source can be a heating resistor.
各腔室8中可水平放置有煤样容器10，所述煤样容器10例如由筒体和筒盖两部分组成，筒体为玻璃管，两端可旋紧安装端盖，端盖上开有通气孔用于连接气体管路。A coal sample container 10 may be placed horizontally in each chamber 8. The coal sample container 10 may be composed of a cylinder and a cylinder cover. The cylinder is a glass tube with end covers screwed on both ends. The end covers are provided with vents for connecting gas pipelines.
控制台3用于控制调节各腔室具有不同加热温度、各煤样容器具有不同真空度。The control console 3 is used to control and adjust each chamber to have different heating temperatures and each coal sample container to have different vacuum degrees.
各腔室8底部具有重量传感器，煤样容器10放置于腔室8内部时，通过重量传感器可实时测量其重量参数。A weight sensor is provided at the bottom of each chamber 8. When the coal sample container 10 is placed inside the chamber 8, its weight parameter can be measured in real time through the weight sensor.
煤样容器10两侧分别连接气体管路。一侧为进气管路，另一侧为抽气管路。进气管路、抽气管路上均设置有电控调节阀7，可执行开度调节控制。The two sides of the coal sample container 10 are connected to gas pipelines. One side is an air intake pipeline, and the other side is an air extraction pipeline. Both the air intake pipeline and the air extraction pipeline are provided with an electric control regulating valve 7, which can perform opening adjustment control.
多个煤样容器10的进气管路汇入进气母管14，抽气管路汇入抽气母管13。The air intake pipelines of the plurality of coal sample containers 10 merge into the air intake main pipe 14 , and the air exhaust pipelines merge into the air exhaust main pipe 13 .
利用电控切换阀6进行气体通流状态切换。如图2所示，电控切换阀6具有外部的阀体61，内部的阀芯62。阀芯62上加工有过流腔63，过流腔63的两个径向过流管形成120度夹角。阀体61上呈120度夹角均布有三个外部接口A口、B口、C口，在相应A口、B口、C口处加工有阀口64。阀芯62旋转至不同角度时，其上的过流腔63可分别连接A口-B口、B口-C口、A口-C口，从而电控切换阀具有A-B、B-C、A-C三种通流状态。The gas flow state is switched by using an electrically controlled switching valve 6. As shown in FIG2 , the electrically controlled switching valve 6 has an external valve body 61 and an internal valve core 62. A flow chamber 63 is processed on the valve core 62, and two radial flow tubes of the flow chamber 63 form an angle of 120 degrees. Three external interfaces A port, B port, and C port are evenly distributed on the valve body 61 at an angle of 120 degrees, and valve ports 64 are processed at the corresponding A port, B port, and C port. When the valve core 62 is rotated to different angles, the flow chamber 63 thereon can be connected to A port-B port, B port-C port, and A port-C port, respectively, so that the electrically controlled switching valve has three flow states of A-B, B-C, and A-C.
进气母管14一端连接干燥气源9，另一端接入电控切换阀6的B口。One end of the air intake main pipe 14 is connected to the dry air source 9 , and the other end is connected to the B port of the electric control switching valve 6 .
抽气母管13一端接入电控切换阀6的C口。One end of the exhaust main pipe 13 is connected to the C port of the electric control switching valve 6.
电控切换阀6的A口通过真空管路连接水分分离装置5后并接入抽真空装置1。The port A of the electric control switching valve 6 is connected to the moisture separation device 5 through a vacuum pipeline and then connected to the vacuum pumping device 1 .
加热装置11具有外部控制台3，控制台3与加热装置11进行电连接。控制台3可对各腔室的工作温度进行设定及监控。控制台3对电控切换阀6发出调节指令，控制气路切换工作状态，对电控调节阀7发出调节指令，调节各煤样容器的进气、抽气通流状态，保持不同真空度。各煤样容器的抽气管路上安装有压力传感器，检测反馈压力值输出给外部控制台3。加热装置11上对应于各腔室设置有显示区12，控制台3输出状态数据至显示区12，可对各腔室的当前温度、压力及工作时间进行显示输出。The heating device 11 has an external control console 3, and the control console 3 is electrically connected to the heating device 11. The control console 3 can set and monitor the working temperature of each chamber. The control console 3 issues an adjustment instruction to the electrically controlled switching valve 6 to control the gas circuit switching working state, and issues an adjustment instruction to the electrically controlled regulating valve 7 to adjust the air intake and exhaust flow state of each coal sample container to maintain different vacuum degrees. A pressure sensor is installed on the exhaust pipeline of each coal sample container to detect and feedback the pressure value and output it to the external control console 3. A display area 12 is set on the heating device 11 corresponding to each chamber, and the control console 3 outputs status data to the display area 12, which can display and output the current temperature, pressure and working time of each chamber.
控制台3与监控系统上位机4进行通信连接，接收上位机4发送的控制指令执行操作，并将采集的数据上传至监控系统上位机4。The control console 3 is connected to the monitoring system host computer 4 for communication, receives control instructions sent by the host computer 4 to execute operations, and uploads the collected data to the monitoring system host computer 4.
具体试验使用中，煤样容器10固定于加热装置11内；通过耐压乳胶管连接煤样容器10；通过带有温度指示的加热装置11控制改变煤样所在环境腔室温度；通过真空度调节改变煤样所在煤样容器的气压；通过水分分离装置5分离出析出的水分。During specific test use, the coal sample container 10 is fixed in the heating device 11; the coal sample container 10 is connected by a pressure-resistant latex tube; the temperature of the environmental chamber where the coal sample is located is controlled and changed by the heating device 11 with a temperature indicator; the air pressure of the coal sample container where the coal sample is located is changed by adjusting the vacuum degree; and the precipitated moisture is separated by the moisture separation device 5.
试验时，具体步骤如下：During the test, the specific steps are as follows:
1）初始状态，电控切换阀6位于A-C位，各电控调节阀7位于关闭位；1) In the initial state, the electronically controlled switching valve 6 is located at the A-C position, and each electronically controlled regulating valve 7 is located at the closed position;
2）称取相同质量的多份煤样、例如为四份煤样（精确到0.01g）；将煤样装于各煤样容器中，摊平煤样，煤样容器两端连接上气路并水平放置于各腔室中；2) Weigh multiple coal samples of the same mass, for example, four coal samples (accurate to 0.01 g); put the coal samples in each coal sample container, flatten the coal samples, connect the two ends of the coal sample container to the gas path and place them horizontally in each chamber;
3）电控切换阀6切换位于A-B位，进气母管14接通真空管路，打开干燥气源9输出气体经进气母管14进入真空管路，气体进入水分分离装置，维持一定时间，水分分离装置内部环境初始化。各电控调节阀7仍位于关闭位。3) The electronically controlled switching valve 6 is switched to the A-B position, the air intake main pipe 14 is connected to the vacuum pipeline, the dry gas source 9 is opened to output the gas through the air intake main pipe 14 into the vacuum pipeline, and the gas enters the moisture separation device for a certain period of time, and the internal environment of the moisture separation device is initialized. Each electronically controlled regulating valve 7 is still in the closed position.
4）电控切换阀6切换位于B-C位，将各电控调节阀7位于完全开启位；维持一定时间；干燥气源9输出气体进入各煤样容器10；维持一定时间，各煤样容器10内部环境初始化。通过重量传感器采集各煤样容器10初始质量。4) The electric control switching valve 6 is switched to the B-C position, and each electric control regulating valve 7 is in the fully open position; this is maintained for a certain period of time; the dry gas source 9 outputs gas into each coal sample container 10; this is maintained for a certain period of time, and the internal environment of each coal sample container 10 is initialized. The initial mass of each coal sample container 10 is collected through a weight sensor.
5）抽真空装置1启动并维持一定时间，达到预定真空度；同时控制各腔室8加热温度至不同设定温度，温度例如为60℃、85℃、95℃、105℃。5) The vacuum device 1 is started and maintained for a certain period of time to reach a predetermined vacuum degree; at the same time, the heating temperature of each chamber 8 is controlled to different set temperatures, such as 60°C, 85°C, 95°C, and 105°C.
6）电控切换阀6切换位于A-C位，抽气母管13接通真空管路。各煤样容器10开始降压，当到达设定真空压力值时，调整其中一煤样容器两端的电控调节阀7开度，保持该煤样容器内部为设定真空压力值。例如依次调控与各煤样容器相连接电控调节阀7开度，各煤样容器的最终压力为0mbar、200mbar、300mbar、400mbar。6) The electric control switching valve 6 is switched to the A-C position, and the exhaust main pipe 13 is connected to the vacuum pipeline. Each coal sample container 10 begins to reduce pressure. When the set vacuum pressure value is reached, the opening of the electric control regulating valve 7 at both ends of one of the coal sample containers is adjusted to maintain the set vacuum pressure value inside the coal sample container. For example, the opening of the electric control regulating valve 7 connected to each coal sample container is adjusted in turn, and the final pressure of each coal sample container is 0mbar, 200mbar, 300mbar, and 400mbar.
7）各腔室在保持温度、压力条件下周期性进行煤样质量采集记录，例如：开启计时，各腔室在保持温度、压力条件下保持5h，每隔1h记录一次煤样质量。7) Each chamber shall periodically collect and record the coal sample quality while maintaining the temperature and pressure conditions. For example, start the timing, maintain the temperature and pressure conditions in each chamber for 5 hours, and record the coal sample quality every 1 hour.
8）获取多份煤样在不同温度、压力条件下的质量变化数据，拟合出煤中水分的析出特性的数据曲线；具体地，监控系统上位机4获取煤样在不同温度、压力条件下的质量变化数据，拟合出煤中水分的析出特性曲线，如图3所示，其中所拟合出的析出特性曲线中，横轴为T（时间），纵轴为M（煤样质量），曲线C1-C4分别表示不同温度、压力条件下拟合曲线，以C1曲线为例，其环境为温度60℃、压力0mbar，其中沿横轴时间T0-T5变化时，煤样质量M也发生减小变化（即煤中水分发生析出导致质量减小），由此可见，通过随时间变化的煤样质量变化曲线可表征在对应环境条件下煤样中水分的析出特性。C2曲线其环境为温度85℃、压力200mbar，C3曲线其环境为温度95℃、压力300mbar，C4曲线其环境为温度105℃、压力400mbar。8) Obtain the mass change data of multiple coal samples under different temperature and pressure conditions, and fit the data curve of the precipitation characteristics of water in coal; Specifically, the monitoring system host computer 4 obtains the mass change data of coal samples under different temperature and pressure conditions, and fits the precipitation characteristic curve of water in coal, as shown in Figure 3, wherein the horizontal axis of the fitted precipitation characteristic curve is T (time), and the vertical axis is M (coal sample mass), and curves C1-C4 respectively represent the fitting curves under different temperature and pressure conditions. Taking the C1 curve as an example, its environment is 60°C and 0mbar. When the time T0-T5 along the horizontal axis changes, the coal sample mass M also decreases (that is, the water in the coal precipitates and the mass decreases). It can be seen that the precipitation characteristics of water in the coal sample under the corresponding environmental conditions can be characterized by the coal sample mass change curve that changes with time. The environment of the C2 curve is 85°C and the pressure is 200mbar, the environment of the C3 curve is 95°C and the pressure is 300mbar, and the environment of the C4 curve is 105°C and the pressure is 400mbar.
煤中水分的析出特性曲线数据可应用于电厂干燥装置的调控系统，如电厂干燥装置调控设置工作条件为温度105℃、压力400mbar，即可基于C4曲线通过插值法预先得出在经不同干燥时长后相应的煤质量数据。The precipitation characteristic curve data of moisture in coal can be applied to the control system of the power plant drying device. For example, if the working conditions of the power plant drying device are set to 105°C temperature and 400mbar pressure, the corresponding coal quality data after different drying times can be obtained in advance based on the C4 curve through interpolation method.
本系统中的试验方法，可经过较短时间即同时获取多份煤样在不同温度、压力条件下的质量变化数据，而采用传统分析试验，需要在不同温度、压力条件下，分别保持相同时长，导致周期长，数据比对性差，本申请可一次获取若干条件下的煤样的时间质量数据，试验周期短，数据准确。The test method in this system can obtain the quality change data of multiple coal samples under different temperature and pressure conditions at the same time in a short time. Traditional analytical tests require maintaining the same length of time under different temperature and pressure conditions, resulting in a long cycle and poor data comparability. The present application can obtain the time quality data of coal samples under several conditions at one time, with a short test cycle and accurate data.
实施例2Example 2
一种测定煤中水分的析出特性试验系统，包括加热装置11、抽真空装置1、水分分离装置5；加热装置11中具有相互分隔的并列多个腔室8。每个腔室8作为独立的加热工作环境，其配置有加热源、温度传感器、温控电路，加热源可采用加热电阻。A test system for measuring the precipitation characteristics of moisture in coal includes a heating device 11, a vacuum device 1, and a moisture separation device 5; the heating device 11 has a plurality of chambers 8 separated from each other and arranged in parallel. Each chamber 8 is an independent heating working environment, which is equipped with a heating source, a temperature sensor, and a temperature control circuit. The heating source can be a heating resistor.
各腔室8中可水平放置有煤样容器10，所述煤样容器10由筒体和筒盖两部分组成，筒体为玻璃管，两端可旋紧安装端盖，端盖上开有通气孔用于连接气体管路。A coal sample container 10 can be placed horizontally in each chamber 8. The coal sample container 10 consists of a cylinder and a cylinder cover. The cylinder is a glass tube with end covers that can be screwed on both ends. The end covers are provided with vents for connecting gas pipelines.
各腔室8底部具有重量传感器，煤样容器10放置于腔室8内部时，通过重量传感器可实时测量其重量参数。A weight sensor is provided at the bottom of each chamber 8. When the coal sample container 10 is placed inside the chamber 8, its weight parameter can be measured in real time through the weight sensor.
煤样容器10两侧分别连接气体管路。一侧为进气管路，另一侧为抽气管路。进气管路、抽气管路上均设置有电控调节阀7，可执行开度调节控制。The two sides of the coal sample container 10 are connected to gas pipelines. One side is an air intake pipeline, and the other side is an air extraction pipeline. Both the air intake pipeline and the air extraction pipeline are provided with an electric control regulating valve 7, which can perform opening adjustment control.
多个煤样容器10的进气管路汇入进气母管14，抽气管路汇入抽气母管13。The air intake pipelines of the plurality of coal sample containers 10 merge into the air intake main pipe 14 , and the air exhaust pipelines merge into the air exhaust main pipe 13 .
进气母管14一端连接干燥气源9，如。另一端接入电控切换阀6的B口。One end of the air intake main pipe 14 is connected to the dry air source 9 , such as , and the other end is connected to the port B of the electric control switching valve 6 .
抽气母管13一端接入电控切换阀6的C口。One end of the exhaust main pipe 13 is connected to the C port of the electric control switching valve 6.
电控切换阀6的A口通过真空管路连接水分分离装置5后并接入抽真空装置1。The port A of the electric control switching valve 6 is connected to the moisture separation device 5 through a vacuum pipeline and then connected to the vacuum pumping device 1 .
加热装置11具有外部控制台3，控制台3与加热装置11进行电连接。控制台3可对各腔室的工作温度进行设定及监控。控制台3对电控切换阀6发出调节指令，控制气路切换工作状态，对电控调节阀7发出调节指令，调节各煤样容器的进气、抽气通流状态，保持不同真空度。各煤样容器的抽气管路上安装有压力传感器，检测反馈压力值输出给外部控制台3。加热装置11上对应于各腔室设置有显示区12，控制台3输出状态数据至显示区12，可对各腔室的当前温度、压力及工作时间进行显示输出。The heating device 11 has an external control console 3, and the control console 3 is electrically connected to the heating device 11. The control console 3 can set and monitor the working temperature of each chamber. The control console 3 issues an adjustment instruction to the electrically controlled switching valve 6 to control the gas circuit switching working state, and issues an adjustment instruction to the electrically controlled regulating valve 7 to adjust the air intake and exhaust flow state of each coal sample container to maintain different vacuum degrees. A pressure sensor is installed on the exhaust pipeline of each coal sample container to detect and feedback the pressure value and output it to the external control console 3. A display area 12 is set on the heating device 11 corresponding to each chamber, and the control console 3 outputs status data to the display area 12, which can display and output the current temperature, pressure and working time of each chamber.
控制台3与监控系统上位机4进行通信连接，接收上位机4发送的控制指令执行操作，并将采集的数据上传至监控系统上位机4。The control console 3 is connected to the monitoring system host computer 4 for communication, receives control instructions sent by the host computer 4 to execute operations, and uploads the collected data to the monitoring system host computer 4.
具体试验使用中，煤样容器10固定于加热装置11内；通过耐压乳胶管连接煤样容器10；通过带有温度指示的加热装置11控制改变煤样所在环境腔室温度；通过真空度调节改变煤样所在煤样容器的气压；通过水分分离装置5分离出析出的水分。During specific test use, the coal sample container 10 is fixed in the heating device 11; the coal sample container 10 is connected by a pressure-resistant latex tube; the temperature of the environmental chamber where the coal sample is located is controlled and changed by the heating device 11 with a temperature indicator; the air pressure of the coal sample container where the coal sample is located is changed by adjusting the vacuum degree; and the precipitated moisture is separated by the moisture separation device 5.
1）装置初始化，电控切换阀6位于A-C位，各电控调节阀7位于关闭位；1) The device is initialized, the electronically controlled switching valve 6 is in the A-C position, and each electronically controlled regulating valve 7 is in the closed position;
2）称取相同质量的四份煤样（精确到0.01g）；将煤样装于各煤样容器中，摊平煤样，煤样容器两端连接上气路并水平放置于各腔室中；2) Weigh four coal samples of the same mass (accurate to 0.01g); place the coal samples in each coal sample container, flatten the coal samples, connect the two ends of the coal sample container to the gas path and place them horizontally in each chamber;
3）电控切换阀6切换位于A-B位，进气母管14接通真空管路，打开干燥气源9输出气体经进气母管14进入真空管路，气体进入水分分离装置，维持一定时间。各电控调节阀7仍位于关闭位。3) The electronically controlled switching valve 6 is switched to the A-B position, the air intake main pipe 14 is connected to the vacuum pipeline, the dry gas source 9 is opened to output the gas through the air intake main pipe 14 into the vacuum pipeline, and the gas enters the moisture separation device for a certain period of time. Each electronically controlled regulating valve 7 is still in the closed position.
4）电控切换阀6切换位于B-C位，将各电控调节阀7位于完全开启位；维持一定时间；干燥气源9输出气体进入各煤样容器10。通过重量传感器采集各煤样容器10初始质量。4) The electric control switching valve 6 is switched to the B-C position, and each electric control regulating valve 7 is in the fully open position; maintained for a certain period of time; the dry gas source 9 outputs gas into each coal sample container 10. The initial mass of each coal sample container 10 is collected by a weight sensor.
5）抽真空装置1启动并维持一定时间，达到预定真空度；同时控制各腔室8加热温度至不同设定温度，温度为50℃、70℃、90℃、100℃。5) The vacuum device 1 is started and maintained for a certain period of time to reach a predetermined vacuum degree; at the same time, the heating temperature of each chamber 8 is controlled to different set temperatures, namely 50°C, 70°C, 90°C, and 100°C.
6）电控切换阀6切换位于A-C位，抽气母管13接通真空管路。各煤样容器10开始降压，当到达设定真空压力值时，调整其中一煤样容器两端的电控调节阀7开度，保持该煤样容器内部为设定真空压力值。依次调控与各煤样容器相连接电控调节阀7开度，各煤样容器的最终压力为0mbar、150mbar、300mbar、400mbar。6) The electric control switching valve 6 is switched to the A-C position, and the exhaust main pipe 13 is connected to the vacuum pipeline. Each coal sample container 10 begins to reduce pressure. When the set vacuum pressure value is reached, the opening of the electric control regulating valve 7 at both ends of one of the coal sample containers is adjusted to maintain the set vacuum pressure value inside the coal sample container. The opening of the electric control regulating valve 7 connected to each coal sample container is adjusted in turn, and the final pressure of each coal sample container is 0mbar, 150mbar, 300mbar, and 400mbar.
7）开启计时，各腔室在保持温度、压力条件下保持5h，每隔1h记录一次煤样质量。7) Start timing, keep each chamber at the same temperature and pressure for 5 hours, and record the mass of the coal sample every hour.
8）监控系统上位机4获取煤样在不同温度、压力条件下的质量变化数据，拟合出煤中水分的析出特性曲线。析出特性曲线数据可应用于电厂干燥装置的调控系统。8) The monitoring system host computer 4 obtains the mass change data of the coal sample under different temperature and pressure conditions, and fits the precipitation characteristic curve of the moisture in the coal. The precipitation characteristic curve data can be applied to the control system of the drying device of the power plant.
本系统中的试验装置，可经过较短时间即同时获取多份煤样在不同温度、压力条件下的质量变化数据，而采用传统分析试验，需要在不同温度、压力条件下，分别保持相同时长，导致周期长，数据比对性差，本申请可一次获取若干条件下的煤样的时间质量数据，试验周期短，数据准确。The test device in this system can obtain the quality change data of multiple coal samples under different temperature and pressure conditions at the same time in a short time. Traditional analytical tests require maintaining the same length of time under different temperature and pressure conditions, resulting in a long cycle and poor data comparability. The present application can obtain the time quality data of coal samples under several conditions at one time, with a short test cycle and accurate data.
最后应说明的是：以上所述仅为本发明的解释，并不用于限制本发明，尽管对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described above or replace some of the technical features with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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