CN118281267B - A coupled system for hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation - Google Patents
A coupled system for hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation Download PDFInfo
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- CN118281267B CN118281267B CN202410717704.4A CN202410717704A CN118281267B CN 118281267 B CN118281267 B CN 118281267B CN 202410717704 A CN202410717704 A CN 202410717704A CN 118281267 B CN118281267 B CN 118281267B
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 178
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 41
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002511 behenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0656—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by electrochemical means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/22—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种制氢和燃料电池发电耦合系统，包括储氢系统、燃料电池系统、储热系统、电解水系统和控制器；所述储氢系统通过比例阀与所述燃料电池系统连接；所述燃料电池系统通过背压阀与所述储热系统连接；所述控制器分别与所述燃料电池系统、所述电解水系统连接；所述储热系统与所述电解水系统连接。本申请通过将燃料电池系统和电解水系统结合在一起实现一体化系统，既能够有效发电，也能够有效制氢；燃料电池系统与电解水系统可以共用一部分零部件，可以有效节约成本，并能够减轻系统的重量和体积。通过本申请系统，可以提高余热回收效率和综合能源利用率。本申请系统采用氢气作为能源载体，制氢、储氢和发电都不产生温室气体，绿色环保。
The present invention provides a coupled system for hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation, including a hydrogen storage system, a fuel cell system, a heat storage system, a water electrolysis system and a controller; the hydrogen storage system is connected to the fuel cell system through a proportional valve; the fuel cell system is connected to the heat storage system through a back pressure valve; the controller is connected to the fuel cell system and the water electrolysis system, respectively; the heat storage system is connected to the water electrolysis system. The present application realizes an integrated system by combining a fuel cell system and a water electrolysis system, which can effectively generate electricity and produce hydrogen; the fuel cell system and the water electrolysis system can share some parts, which can effectively save costs and reduce the weight and volume of the system. Through the system of the present application, the waste heat recovery efficiency and the comprehensive energy utilization rate can be improved. The system of the present application uses hydrogen as an energy carrier, and hydrogen production, hydrogen storage and power generation do not produce greenhouse gases, which is green and environmentally friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation coupling system.
Background
The hydrogen energy is ideal clean secondary energy, the renewable energy is used for producing hydrogen, and the hydrogen energy system with zero emission can be realized by combining the hydrogen storage technology and the hydrogen fuel cell power generation technology. In the upstream hydrogen production industry, water electrolysis hydrogen production is generally classified into alkaline water electrolysis (AE), proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) water electrolysis, and high temperature solid oxide water electrolysis (SOEC) according to the material of the cell membrane. At present, the most widely applied technical modes are alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production and PEM electrolysis hydrogen production. The PEM electrolytic hydrogen production technology has the advantages of high purity, no pollution, high conversion efficiency, high structural integration level and the like, can adapt to the fluctuation of renewable energy sources, has high response speed, adapts to dynamic operation and can avoid the phenomena of wind abandoning, electricity abandoning and the like.
PEM fuel cells are currently the most sophisticated cells in the field of hydrogen fuel cell power generation technology. The PEM fuel cell takes hydrogen as fuel, has the advantages of zero carbon emission, quick start, low-temperature start and the like, and has been commercially popularized in various traffic fields. In recent years, PEM fuel cells are expanding new applications such as distributed power generation, domestic cogeneration, emergency power generation, backup power, hybrid energy systems, and the like.
In recent years, hydrogen storage integrated by three modules of PEM hydrogen production, hydrogen storage and PEM fuel cell power generation is widely focused on: on the one hand, the hydrogen energy storage can convert the fluctuating renewable energy into a renewable energy which can be integrated into a power grid or directly used as a stable power supply; on the other hand, compared with other energy storage modes, the energy storage device has more advantages in energy dimension, space dimension and time dimension, and can realize extremely short and extremely long-time large-scale energy storage. However, hydrogen energy storage still faces challenges in practical popularization, and the main reason is that the efficiency of hydrogen energy storage is relatively low, and the 'electricity-hydrogen-electricity' process of hydrogen energy storage has two energy conversions, and the overall efficiency is about 40% or even lower. How to improve the hydrogen production-power generation integrated efficiency based on PEM technology is a current research hotspot.
In operation, a part of chemical energy of the hydrogen fuel cell is converted into heat, the heat in the electric pile device is taken away by adopting a cooling medium, the cooling medium is cooled by utilizing a heat exchanger and a radiator, the heat utilization rate is low, the efficiency of the PEM hydrogen production-power generation device is relatively low, and the heat management of the system still has a lifting space.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems that the existing hydrogen production-power generation integrated efficiency based on the PEM technology is relatively low, the heat utilization rate is low, the thermal management of the system has a large lifting space and the like are solved.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation coupling system, including a hydrogen storage system, a fuel cell system, a heat storage system, an electrolytic water system, and a controller; the hydrogen storage system is connected with the fuel cell system through a proportional valve; the fuel cell system is connected with the heat storage system through a back pressure valve; the controller is respectively connected with the fuel cell system and the electrolytic water system; the heat storage system is connected with the electrolytic water system.
As a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen storage system is a first hydrogen storage tank; and hydrogen is stored in the first hydrogen storage tank.
As a preferred embodiment, the fuel cell system includes a stack, a first gas-liquid separator, a first deionizer, a first water pump, an intake combination valve, an intercooler, and an air compressor;
The hydrogen inlet of the electric pile is connected with the proportional valve, and the anode outlet of the electric pile is connected with the first gas-liquid separator; the water outlet of the electric pile is connected with the first deionizer, and the first deionizer is connected with the first water pump; the cathode inlet of the electric pile is connected with the air inlet combination valve, and the intercooler is respectively connected with the air inlet combination valve and the air compressor.
As a preferred embodiment, a first pressure sensor and a first temperature sensor are arranged between the hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile and the proportional valve, and the first pressure sensor is arranged between the proportional valve and the first temperature sensor.
As a preferred embodiment, the first gas-liquid separator is respectively connected with a nitrogen discharge valve and a first hydrogen pump, and the nitrogen discharge valve is connected with a tail row; the first hydrogen pump is respectively connected with the proportional valve and the first pressure sensor.
As a preferred embodiment, a second pressure sensor and a second temperature sensor are arranged between the water outlet of the electric pile and the first deionizer, and the second pressure sensor is arranged between the water outlet of the electric pile and the second temperature sensor.
As a preferred embodiment, a third pressure sensor is arranged between the air inlet combined valve and the cathode inlet of the electric pile; the air inlet combined valve is connected with the tail row; the air compressor is connected with the air filter.
As a preferred embodiment, the stack is connected to a load device.
As a preferred embodiment, the heat storage system comprises a thermostat, a first heat exchanger, a first electromagnetic three-way valve and a heat storage water tank, wherein the first heat exchanger is respectively connected with the thermostat, the first electromagnetic three-way valve and the heat storage water tank; the thermostat is connected with the water inlet of the electric pile.
As a preferred embodiment, the first water pump is connected with the thermostat and the first electromagnetic three-way valve respectively; the heat storage water tank is connected with a cathode outlet of the electric pile through the back pressure valve; the heat storage water tank is connected with the electrolytic water system.
As a preferable embodiment, a fourth pressure sensor and a third temperature sensor are arranged between the water inlet of the electric pile and the thermostat, and the fourth pressure sensor is arranged between the water inlet of the electric pile and the third temperature sensor; the heat storage water tank is provided with a hydrogen solubility sensor and a fourth temperature sensor; the heat storage water tank is connected with the first gas-liquid separator through a first drain valve.
As a preferred embodiment, the electrolyzed water system comprises an electrolyzed water apparatus, a direct current power supply apparatus, a second heat exchanger, an oxygen tank, a second gas-liquid separator, a first switch valve, a cooling and drying apparatus, a purification apparatus and a third gas-liquid separator; the water electrolysis device is connected with the direct-current power supply device;
the second heat exchanger is connected with an anode inlet of the water electrolysis device; the oxygen tank is connected with the second gas-liquid separator, and the second gas-liquid separator is connected with an anode outlet of the water electrolysis device; the first switch valve, the cooling and drying device, the purifying device and the third gas-liquid separator are sequentially connected, and the third gas-liquid separator is connected with a cathode outlet of the water electrolysis device.
As a preferred embodiment, a fifth temperature sensor is arranged between the second heat exchanger and the anode inlet of the water electrolysis device; the second heat exchanger is connected with the heat storage water tank through a second water pump, and a second deionizer is arranged between the heat storage water tank and the second water pump.
As a preferred embodiment, a second switch valve and a fifth pressure sensor are arranged between the oxygen tank and the second gas-liquid separator, and the second switch valve is arranged between the oxygen tank and the fifth pressure sensor; the second gas-liquid separator is connected with the heat storage water tank.
As a preferred embodiment, a sixth pressure sensor, a second hydrogen pump and a sixth temperature sensor are provided between the first switching valve and the cooling and drying device, and the sixth pressure sensor, the second hydrogen pump and the sixth temperature sensor are provided in this order from the first switching valve to the cooling and drying device; a seventh pressure sensor is arranged between the purification device and the third gas-liquid separator; and the third gas-liquid separator is connected with the heat storage water tank through a second drain valve.
As a preferred embodiment, the first switching valve is connected to the second hydrogen storage tank;
Or the first switch valve is connected with the first hydrogen storage tank through a second electromagnetic three-way valve; the second electromagnetic three-way valve is connected with the proportional valve.
As a preferred embodiment, the controller is connected to the electric pile and the water electrolysis device, respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following technical effects:
(1) The system of the application realizes an integrated system by combining the fuel cell system and the electrolytic water system, thereby not only effectively generating electricity, but also effectively producing hydrogen; the fuel cell system and the water electrolysis system can share a part of parts, so that the cost can be effectively saved, and the weight and the volume of the system can be reduced.
(2) The temperature of the electrolytic water system is 50-90 ℃, and the endothermic reaction is carried out at the same time; the fuel cell system generates electricity as an exothermic reaction. According to the system, the heat of the cooling liquid is coupled with the heat storage device, and a part of heat energy generated by electrochemical reaction of the system is stored by utilizing the heat storage system, so that the heat is stored. When the electrolytic water system is used for hydrogen production and is started, the heat of the heat storage system is used for heating the electrolytic water, so that the method is a brand new hydrogen production-power generation heat management mode. The system can improve the waste heat recovery efficiency and the comprehensive energy utilization rate.
(3) The system can effectively utilize the liquid water at the cathode outlet and the anode outlet of the fuel cell system and also can effectively utilize the liquid water at the cathode outlet of the electrolytic water system, thereby effectively saving water resources and effectively improving the energy utilization rate of the system.
(4) The system adopts hydrogen as an energy carrier, and does not generate greenhouse gases in hydrogen production, hydrogen storage and power generation, thereby being environment-friendly.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation coupling system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation coupling system in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupling system for hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation in accordance with another embodiment of the present application.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom … …) are included in the embodiments of the present invention, the directional indications are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, etc. between the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are correspondingly changed.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation coupling system, including a hydrogen storage system 10, a fuel cell system 20, a heat storage system 30, an electrolyzed water system 40, and a controller 50; the hydrogen storage system 10 is connected to the fuel cell system 20 through a proportional valve 60; the fuel cell system 20 is connected to the heat storage system 30 through a back pressure valve 70; the controller 50 is connected to the fuel cell system 20 and the electrolytic water system 40, respectively; the heat storage system 30 is connected to the electrolyzed water system 40.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 to 3, as a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen storage system 10 is a first hydrogen storage tank; and hydrogen is stored in the first hydrogen storage tank.
As a preferred embodiment, the fuel cell system 20 includes a stack 21, a first gas-liquid separator 22, a first deionizer 23, a first water pump 24, an intake combination valve 25, an intercooler 26, and an air compressor 27;
The hydrogen inlet of the electric pile 21 is connected with the proportional valve 60, and the anode outlet of the electric pile 21 is connected with the first gas-liquid separator 22; the water outlet of the electric pile 21 is connected with the first deionizer 23, and the first deionizer 23 is connected with the first water pump 24; the cathode inlet of the stack 21 is connected to the intake combination valve 25, and the intercooler 26 is connected to the intake combination valve 25 and the air compressor 27, respectively.
As a preferred embodiment, a first pressure sensor P1 and a first temperature sensor T1 are disposed between the hydrogen inlet of the stack 21 and the proportional valve 60, and the first pressure sensor P1 is disposed between the proportional valve 60 and the first temperature sensor T1.
As a preferred embodiment, the first gas-liquid separator 22 is connected to a nitrogen discharge valve 28 and a first hydrogen pump 29, respectively, and the nitrogen discharge valve 28 is connected to a tail gas E; the first hydrogen pump 29 is connected to the proportional valve 60 and the first pressure sensor P1, respectively.
As a preferred embodiment, a second pressure sensor P2 and a second temperature sensor T2 are disposed between the water outlet of the electric pile 21 and the first deionizer 23, and the second pressure sensor P2 is disposed between the water outlet of the electric pile 21 and the second temperature sensor T2.
As a preferred embodiment, a third pressure sensor P3 is disposed between the intake combination valve 25 and the cathode inlet of the stack 21; the air inlet combined valve 25 is connected with the tail row E; the air compressor 27 is connected to an air filter 271.
As a preferred embodiment, the stack 21 is connected to a load device 80.
As a preferred embodiment, the heat storage system 30 includes a thermostat 31, a first heat exchanger 32, a first electromagnetic three-way valve 33, and a heat storage water tank 34, and the first heat exchanger 32 is connected to the thermostat 31, the first electromagnetic three-way valve 33, and the heat storage water tank 34, respectively; the thermostat 31 is connected to the water inlet of the stack 21.
As a preferred embodiment, the first water pump 24 is connected to the thermostat 31 and the first electromagnetic three-way valve 33, respectively; the heat storage water tank 34 is connected with a cathode outlet of the electric pile 21 through the back pressure valve 70; the hot water storage tank 34 is connected to the electrolytic water system 40.
As a preferred embodiment, a fourth pressure sensor P4 and a third temperature sensor T3 are disposed between the water inlet of the electric pile 21 and the thermostat 31, and the fourth pressure sensor P4 is disposed between the water inlet of the electric pile 21 and the third temperature sensor T3; the heat storage water tank 34 is provided with a hydrogen solubility sensor H1 and a fourth temperature sensor T4; the hot water storage tank 34 is connected to the first gas-liquid separator 22 via a first drain valve 35.
As a preferred embodiment, the electrolytic water system 40 includes an electrolytic water device 41, a direct current power supply device 42, a second heat exchanger 43, an oxygen tank 44, a second gas-liquid separator 45, a first switching valve 46, a cooling and drying device 47, a purifying device 48, and a third gas-liquid separator 49; the water electrolysis device 41 is connected with the direct current power supply device 42;
The second heat exchanger 43 is connected with an anode inlet of the water electrolysis device 41; the oxygen tank 44 is connected with the second gas-liquid separator 45, and the second gas-liquid separator 45 is connected with an anode outlet of the water electrolysis device 41; the first switch valve 46, the cooling and drying device 47, the purifying device 48 and the third gas-liquid separator 49 are connected in sequence, and the third gas-liquid separator 49 is connected with the cathode outlet of the water electrolysis device 41.
As a preferred embodiment, a fifth temperature sensor T5 is provided between the second heat exchanger 43 and the anode inlet of the water electrolysis device 41; the second heat exchanger 43 is connected to the hot water tank 34 through a second water pump 431, and a second deionizer 341 is disposed between the hot water tank 34 and the second water pump 431.
As a preferred embodiment, a second switch valve 441 and a fifth pressure sensor P5 are disposed between the oxygen tank 44 and the second gas-liquid separator 45, and the second switch valve 441 is disposed between the oxygen tank 44 and the fifth pressure sensor P5; the second gas-liquid separator 45 is connected to the hot water tank 34.
As a preferred embodiment, a sixth pressure sensor P6, a second hydrogen pump 461, and a sixth temperature sensor T6 are provided between the first switching valve 46 and the cooling and drying device 47, and the sixth pressure sensor P6, the second hydrogen pump 461, and the sixth temperature sensor T6 are provided in this order from the first switching valve 46 to the cooling and drying device 47; a seventh pressure sensor P7 is disposed between the purifying device 48 and the third gas-liquid separator 49; the third gas-liquid separator 49 is connected to the hot water tank 34 via a second drain valve 491.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, in the structure of the present embodiment, the first switching valve 46 is connected to the second hydrogen storage tank 100;
or as shown in fig. 3, in another embodiment structure, the first switch valve 46 is connected to the first hydrogen storage tank 10 through a second electromagnetic three-way valve 90; the second electromagnetic three-way valve 90 is connected to the proportional valve 60.
In a preferred embodiment, the controller 50 is connected to the stack 21 and the water electrolysis device 41, respectively.
Specifically, taking fig. 2 as an example, the working principle of the coupling system for hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation of the present application will be described:
(1) Fuel cell system workflow:
the controller sends out a power generation instruction, the load device converts power into corresponding current to carry out pulling, and meanwhile, the hydrogen gas circuit of the fuel cell system, the air circuit of the fuel cell system and parts of a water circuit of the fuel cell system work correspondingly.
Hydrogen gas circuit: the hydrogen flows from the first hydrogen storage tank to the proportional valve, the proportional valve can be used for controlling the flow of the hydrogen passing through the hydrogen gas path, the hydrogen enters the electric pile from the proportional valve, and the hydrogen and the oxygen undergo electrochemical reaction in the electric pile; residual hydrogen, part of liquid water and nitrogen of the anode of the electric pile are delivered to a first gas-liquid separator through an outlet of the anode of the electric pile to carry out gas-liquid separation, and a first hydrogen pump rotates to circulate unreacted hydrogen to a hydrogen inlet of the electric pile; the nitrogen discharge valve and the first drain valve respectively perform pulse air discharge and water discharge according to the calibrated time, nitrogen is discharged to the atmosphere through the tail, and liquid water enters the heat storage water tank through the first drain valve; the first pressure sensor is used for pressure monitoring and feedback control of a hydrogen inlet of the electric pile; the first temperature sensor is used for monitoring the hydrogen inlet temperature.
Air circuit: the air compressor rotates, air enters the air compressor through the air filter to achieve the aim of pressurization, and then high-temperature and high-pressure air enters the intercooler to be cooled; the cooled air flows into an air inlet combination valve, and the air inlet combination valve distributes air quantity through different openings; part of the hydrogen is discharged to the atmosphere through the tail through a lower passage of the air inlet combined valve, and the other part of the hydrogen is introduced into a cathode inlet of the electric pile to enter the air side of the electric pile to react with hydrogen at the anode of the electric pile; the cathode outlet of the electric pile can flow out redundant air and water, the back pressure valve adjusts different opening degrees to adapt to the pressure and flow required by the air circuit of the electric pile, the redundant water and air pass through the back pressure valve to the heat storage water tank, the heat storage water tank stores hot water, and the air is discharged to the atmosphere; the third pressure sensor is used for pressure monitoring and feedback control of the air channel inlet of the electric pile.
Waterway: the first water pump rotates to drive water to flow out from a waterway outlet of the pile, and the water flows into the first deionizer to remove redundant ions in the water and then flows into the first water pump, and the first water pump provides kinetic energy for the water; the water flows from the first water pump to the bifurcation, and the water flow direction is controlled according to the opening of the thermostat when the water flows in a large circulation or a small circulation; the first heat exchanger is used for cooling high-temperature liquid flowing out of the electric pile, and water flows into a waterway inlet of the electric pile through the heat exchanger and the thermostat to form complete cooling circulation; the first electromagnetic three-way valve is used for controlling water exchange between the pile waterway and the heat storage water tank; the fourth pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the third temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are respectively used for monitoring and controlling the pressure and the temperature of the waterway outlet of the electric pile and the waterway inlet of the electric pile and controlling the feedback; the hydrogen concentration sensor is used for monitoring the hydrogen concentration of the heat storage water tank, and the fourth temperature sensor is used for monitoring the water temperature of the heat storage water tank.
(2) The working flow of the water electrolysis system is as follows:
the controller sends out a hydrogen production instruction, and the direct current power supply device starts to supply power; simultaneously, each part of the anode circuit of the water electrolysis device and the cathode circuit of the water electrolysis device starts to work correspondingly.
And (3) anode path: the second water pump rotates, and the anode path of the water electrolysis device starts water circulation; water flows out of the heat storage water tank and flows into the second deionizer to remove redundant ions; then water flows into a second heat exchanger through a second water pump to reach a proper water temperature and then enters an anode path inlet of the water electrolysis device; the water is electrolyzed into hydrogen and oxygen in the water electrolysis device, a mixed fluid flows out from an outlet of an anode path of the water electrolysis device, the mixed fluid comprises oxygen and unreacted water, the mixed fluid passes through a second gas-liquid separator to separate the oxygen from the water, the oxygen is introduced into an oxygen tank through a second switch valve, and the liquid water is introduced into a heat storage water tank; the fifth pressure sensor is used for monitoring the oxygen pressure in the pipeline, and the fifth temperature sensor is used for monitoring the water temperature at the inlet of the anode pipeline of the water electrolysis device.
And (3) cathode path: the outlet of the cathode path of the water electrolysis device can generate a large amount of mixed fluid, and the mixed fluid comprises hydrogen, liquid water and a small amount of oxygen; the mixed fluid flows into a third gas-liquid separator, the third gas-liquid separator separates gas from liquid water, redundant liquid water is discharged to a heat storage water tank through a second drain valve, the gas after the liquid water is separated flows into a purifying device, the purifying device completely consumes oxygen in the gas, hydrogen purified by the purifying device is introduced into a drying and cooling device, and the purifying device eliminates gaseous water in the hydrogen and reduces the temperature of the hydrogen; the low-temperature hydrogen flows into a second hydrogen pump, and the second hydrogen pump is used for increasing the pressure of the hydrogen so as to compress the hydrogen into a hydrogen tank; the high-pressure hydrogen gas obtained after being compressed by the second hydrogen pump flows into the second hydrogen storage tank through the first switch valve; the sixth pressure sensor is used for monitoring the pressure of the hydrogen after the second hydrogen pump is pressurized; the seventh pressure sensor is used for monitoring the pressure of the hydrogen after gas-liquid separation.
In the structure of fig. 3, since the second hydrogen storage tank is not provided, the high-pressure hydrogen gas compressed by the second hydrogen pump flows into the first hydrogen storage tank through the first switch valve and the second electromagnetic three-way valve.
The system can utilize heat generated by power generation of the PEM fuel cell, and heat the electrolyzed water by combining a heat exchange device, a heat storage device and the like, thereby reducing the system power consumption of hydrogen production, improving the overall efficiency, more efficiently utilizing the renewable wave energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy and the like, improving the conversion efficiency and realizing the regulation and control of the electric energy supply of a power grid in different time periods.
The water electrolysis system can combine intermittent and fluctuating power sources such as wind power, photovoltaic power and the like with the PEM electrolytic tank to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen.
The hydrogen storage device can be at least one of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, a solid hydrogen storage tank and a liquid hydrogen storage technology; the hydrogen pressurization (hydrogen pump) is at least one of a mechanical pressurization and an electrochemical hydrogen pump.
The fuel cell system can use the hydrogen released by the hydrogen storage device as fuel, and the system control is combined with the fuel cell stack device to generate electricity.
Heat storage system: the fuel cell system is an exothermic reaction, the cooling liquid is coupled with the heat exchanger and the heat storage device to finish heat storage, and when the hydrogen production mode is started, the heat stored by the heat storage device is used for heating electrolysis water, so that the power consumption of the hydrogen production system is reduced.
The heat storage system adopts at least one of sensible heat storage material and phase change material below 100 ℃ to store heat, and specifically comprises at least one of water, methanol, ethanol, behenyl, hexadecane, palmitic acid (C 16H32O2), lauric acid (C 12H24O2), hexadecanoic acid, xylitol （C5H12O5）、Na2S2O3·5H2O、CH3COONa·3H2O or Ba (OH) 2·8H2 O.
If the hydrogen storage device adopts solid hydrogen storage, the solid hydrogen storage tank releases hydrogen in the power generation mode of the fuel cell system, and the heat absorption process is realized, so that the outlet cooling liquid of the electric pile device of the fuel cell system can be utilized to exchange heat for the solid hydrogen storage, the hydrogen release speed is ensured, and an additional heating device is not needed.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by the description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The power generation coupling system of the hydrogen production and the fuel cell is characterized by comprising a hydrogen storage system, a fuel cell system, a heat storage system, an electrolytic water system and a controller; the hydrogen storage system is connected with the fuel cell system through a proportional valve; the fuel cell system is connected with the heat storage system through a back pressure valve; the controller is respectively connected with the fuel cell system and the electrolytic water system; the heat storage system is connected with the electrolytic water system;
The fuel cell system comprises a galvanic pile, a first deionizer and a first water pump, wherein the galvanic pile is connected with a load device, a water outlet of the galvanic pile is connected with the first deionizer, and the first deionizer is connected with the first water pump;
The water electrolysis system comprises a water electrolysis device which is connected with a direct current power supply device;
the controller is respectively connected with the electric pile and the water electrolysis device;
the heat storage system comprises a thermostat, a first heat exchanger, a first electromagnetic three-way valve and a heat storage water tank, wherein the first heat exchanger is respectively connected with the thermostat, the first electromagnetic three-way valve and the heat storage water tank; the thermostat is connected with the water inlet of the electric pile;
The first water pump is respectively connected with the thermostat and the first electromagnetic three-way valve; the heat storage water tank is connected with a cathode outlet of the electric pile through the back pressure valve; the heat storage water tank is connected with the electrolytic water system.
2. The coupled hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation system of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen storage system is a first hydrogen storage tank; the first hydrogen storage tank stores hydrogen;
the fuel cell system comprises a first gas-liquid separator, an air inlet combination valve, an intercooler and an air compressor;
The hydrogen inlet of the electric pile is connected with the proportional valve, and the anode outlet of the electric pile is connected with the first gas-liquid separator; the cathode inlet of the electric pile is connected with the air inlet combination valve, and the intercooler is respectively connected with the air inlet combination valve and the air compressor.
3. The hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation coupling system of claim 2, wherein a first pressure sensor and a first temperature sensor are disposed between the hydrogen inlet of the stack and the proportional valve, the first pressure sensor being disposed between the proportional valve and the first temperature sensor;
The first gas-liquid separator is respectively connected with a nitrogen discharge valve and a first hydrogen pump, and the nitrogen discharge valve is connected with a tail row; the first hydrogen pump is respectively connected with the proportional valve and the first pressure sensor.
4. The coupled hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation system of claim 3, wherein a second pressure sensor and a second temperature sensor are disposed between the water outlet of the stack and the first deionizer, the second pressure sensor being disposed between the water outlet of the stack and the second temperature sensor;
a third pressure sensor is arranged between the air inlet combination valve and the cathode inlet of the electric pile; the air inlet combined valve is connected with the tail row; the air compressor is connected with the air filter.
5. The coupled hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation system of claim 1,
A fourth pressure sensor and a third temperature sensor are arranged between the water inlet of the electric pile and the thermostat, and the fourth pressure sensor is arranged between the water inlet of the electric pile and the third temperature sensor; the heat storage water tank is provided with a hydrogen solubility sensor and a fourth temperature sensor; the heat storage water tank is connected with the first gas-liquid separator through a first drain valve.
6. The coupled hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation system of claim 5, wherein the electrolyzed water system comprises a direct current power supply device, a second heat exchanger, an oxygen tank, a second gas-liquid separator, a first switch valve, a cool drying device, a purification device, and a third gas-liquid separator;
the second heat exchanger is connected with an anode inlet of the water electrolysis device; the oxygen tank is connected with the second gas-liquid separator, and the second gas-liquid separator is connected with an anode outlet of the water electrolysis device; the first switch valve, the cooling and drying device, the purifying device and the third gas-liquid separator are sequentially connected, and the third gas-liquid separator is connected with a cathode outlet of the water electrolysis device.
7. The coupled hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation system of claim 6, wherein a fifth temperature sensor is disposed between the second heat exchanger and an anode inlet of the electrolyzed water apparatus; the second heat exchanger is connected with the heat storage water tank through a second water pump, and a second deionizer is arranged between the heat storage water tank and the second water pump;
a second switch valve and a fifth pressure sensor are arranged between the oxygen tank and the second gas-liquid separator, and the second switch valve is arranged between the oxygen tank and the fifth pressure sensor; the second gas-liquid separator is connected with the heat storage water tank;
a sixth pressure sensor, a second hydrogen pump and a sixth temperature sensor are arranged between the first switch valve and the cooling and drying device, and the sixth pressure sensor, the second hydrogen pump and the sixth temperature sensor are sequentially arranged from the first switch valve to the cooling and drying device; a seventh pressure sensor is arranged between the purification device and the third gas-liquid separator; and the third gas-liquid separator is connected with the heat storage water tank through a second drain valve.
8. The coupled hydrogen production and fuel cell power generation system of claim 7, wherein the first on-off valve is connected to a second hydrogen storage tank;
or the first switch valve is connected with the first hydrogen storage tank through the second electromagnetic three-way valve; the second electromagnetic three-way valve is connected with the proportional valve.
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| CN106252693A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-21 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Battery system |
| CN116014177A (en) * | 2023-01-18 | 2023-04-25 | 威驰腾(福建)汽车有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell system and new energy vehicle with same |
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| CN112820896B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-03-11 | 山东大学 | Thermoelectric coupling energy-saving and energy-storing system and method based on hydrogen fuel cell |
| CN112993362A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-18 | 上海羿沣氢能科技有限公司 | Energy regeneration circulating device of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell |
| CN216624353U (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-05-27 | 苏州氢璨动力科技有限公司 | Thermal cycle management and heating system of fuel cell cogeneration system |
| CN114361511A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-15 | 上海汉翱新能源科技有限公司 | Control strategy test verification device and method for fuel cell engine thermal management subsystem |
| CN218101334U (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2022-12-20 | 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 | Thermal management system based on PEM hydrogen production and PEM fuel cell |
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| CN106252693A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-21 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Battery system |
| CN116014177A (en) * | 2023-01-18 | 2023-04-25 | 威驰腾(福建)汽车有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell system and new energy vehicle with same |
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