CN118252672A - Limited movable unicondylar prosthesis assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a limited movable unicondylar prosthesis component, which belongs to the technical field of medical appliances and comprises a limited tibial plateau and a limited tibial plateau pad, wherein the limited tibial plateau pad is arranged above the limited tibial plateau, a limiting bulge is arranged at the edge position of the limited tibial plateau, a limiting groove is arranged at the position corresponding to the edge of the limited tibial plateau pad and the limiting bulge, the limiting groove and the limiting bulge are matched to realize the limiting of the limited tibial plateau pad, and a limiting groove is arranged on the upper surface of the limited tibial plateau pad. On the premise of not influencing normal operation and normal moving range of the postoperative prosthesis, the invention can avoid clinical complications of front dislocation caused by impact of limited tibial plateau pad due to residual foreign matters such as osteophyte or bone cement in the knee joint high flexion process. Simultaneously, can avoid because of the poor rotation of tibial plateau pad that causes of prosthetic location, and then arouse the clinical complication that the tibial plateau pad rear side dislocation.

Description

A restricted mobile unicompartmental prosthesis component

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to a restricted active unicompartmental prosthesis component.

Background technique

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is a method for treating unicompartmental knee pathology. UKA provides more physiological knee kinematics, a higher range of motion, and a more natural knee feel.

Currently, mobile unicompartmental kneecap surgery is widely used in clinical practice, and its clinical results are also quite excellent. However, literature reports that pad dislocation is one of the main reasons for the failure of mobile unicompartmental kneecap surgery, and the incidence is higher in Asians (kneeling and squatting), more than three times that of Westerners. Common dislocations include anterior dislocation, posterior dislocation, and lateral dislocation. In anterior and posterior dislocations, the pad is completely dislocated from the joint space, while in lateral dislocations, the pad is mostly left in the joint space. Therefore, the symptoms of anterior and posterior dislocations are often more severe, requiring reduction or replacement of the pad.

Patent CN113995559A discloses a unicompartmental knee prosthesis, including a femoral condyle, a tibial pad and a tibial tray, wherein the femoral condyle is arranged on the tibial pad, and the femoral condyle can rotate relative to the tibial pad; the tibial pad is connected to the tibial tray by a sliding device, and the sliding device includes: a dovetail groove, which is arranged on the bottom surface of the tibial pad; a slide groove, which is arranged on the top surface of the tibial tray, the bottom surface of the tibial pad contacts the top surface of the tibial tray, and the dovetail groove can slide in the slide groove. It can be seen that the patent achieves the effect of preventing the pad from dislocating by arranging mutually matching dovetail grooves on the lower surface of the tibial plateau pad and the upper surface of the tibial plateau. However, this design may have the following problems in clinical application: the grooves on the upper surface of the tibial plateau reduce the fatigue performance of the tibial plateau. The dovetail protrusions are arranged on the lower surface of the tibial plateau pad, which increases the difficulty of the intraoperative installation process, or may cause the situation that the installation cannot be performed during the operation.

Patent CN209713267U discloses a unicompartmental knee joint prosthesis, including a tibial plateau prosthesis assembly, a femoral condyle prosthesis and a limiting assembly, wherein the tibial plateau assembly includes a tibial connection portion and a support portion arranged on the tibial connection portion; the femoral condyle prosthesis is arranged on the support portion, and the surface of the support portion facing the femoral condyle prosthesis has an arc-shaped slide groove matched with the femoral condyle prosthesis; the limiting assembly is arranged on the tibial connection portion, and the limiting assembly includes a plurality of limiting structures, at least two of which are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the support portion to limit and stop the support portion; wherein at least one of the at least two limiting structures is detachably connected to the tibial connection portion. It can be seen that the patent avoids the problem of liner dislocation by arranging a detachable limiting structure at the front and rear ends of the tibial plateau. However, the front-end limiting structure of this design is fixed in the front by screws, which will reduce the bearing capacity of the tibial plateau and there is a risk of tibial plateau fracture. In addition, the structure has no limiting structure on the side, and cannot solve the problem of rotational dislocation in clinical practice. In clinical practice, malposition of the prosthesis is more likely to cause liner rotation, which in turn leads to liner impact dislocation.

Summary of the invention

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a restrictive active unicompartmental prosthesis component with a simple structure and the ability to reduce anterior dislocation, posterior dislocation and rotational dislocation of the prosthesis after surgery.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a restrictive active unicompartmental prosthesis component, including a restrictive tibial plateau and a restrictive tibial plateau pad, the restrictive tibial plateau pad is installed above the restrictive tibial plateau, a limiting protrusion is set at the edge of the restrictive tibial plateau, a limiting groove is set at the edge of the restrictive tibial plateau pad and the position corresponding to the limiting protrusion, the limiting groove and the limiting protrusion are cooperated to achieve the limitation of the restrictive tibial plateau pad, and a limiting groove is set on the upper surface of the restrictive tibial plateau pad.

Furthermore, the limiting protrusion includes a first rear limiting column, a first inner limiting column and an outer horizontal limiting boss, the first rear limiting column and the first inner limiting column are vertically arranged on the arc edge position of the upper surface of the first tibial platform, the outer horizontal limiting boss is horizontally arranged on the first outer vertical limiting side wall of the first restrictive tibial platform, and the first outer vertical limiting side wall is arranged on the straight edge position of the upper surface of the first tibial platform.

Further, the limiting groove includes an outer horizontal groove of the tibial plateau pad, a posterior medial groove of the first tibial plateau pad and an anterior medial groove of the first tibial plateau pad, the lower ends of the posterior medial groove of the first tibial plateau pad and the anterior medial groove of the first tibial plateau pad are connected to the lower surface of the first tibial plateau pad, the posterior medial groove of the first tibial plateau pad and the anterior medial groove of the first tibial plateau pad are respectively cooperated with the first posterior limiting column and the first medial limiting column, and the outer horizontal groove of the tibial plateau pad is cooperated with the outer horizontal limiting boss.

Furthermore, the lateral widths of the posterior medial groove of the first tibial plateau pad and the anterior medial groove of the first tibial plateau pad are respectively greater than the lateral widths of the first posterior limiting column and the first medial limiting column; the lateral width of the lateral horizontal limiting boss is greater than the lateral width of the lateral horizontal groove of the tibial plateau pad.

Further, the opening formed between the first lateral vertical limiting side wall and the first medial limiting column is the front end opening of the first tibial plateau, and the width of the front end opening of the first tibial plateau is A; the opening formed between the first lateral vertical limiting side wall and the first rear side limiting column is the rear end opening of the first tibial plateau, and the width of the rear end opening of the first tibial plateau is B; the width of the restrictive tibial plateau pad is W, A＞W＞B.

Furthermore, the limiting protrusion includes a second rear limiting column and an anterior medial limiting column, the second rear limiting column and the anterior medial limiting column are vertically arranged on both sides of the arc edge of the upper surface of the second tibial platform, and the upper ends of the second rear limiting column and the anterior medial limiting column are provided with inwardly protruding limiting blocks.

Furthermore, the limiting groove includes a second tibial plateau pad posterior medial groove and a second tibial plateau pad anterior medial groove, and the second tibial plateau pad posterior medial groove and the second tibial plateau pad anterior medial groove are respectively cooperated with the limiting blocks at the upper ends of the second posterior limiting column and the anterior medial limiting column.

Furthermore, a second medial limiting column is provided at the arc-shaped edge position of the upper surface of the second tibial platform, and the second medial limiting column is located between the second rear limiting column and the front medial limiting column.

Furthermore, a second outer vertical limiting side wall is provided at a straight edge position of the upper surface of the second tibial platform, and the second outer vertical limiting side wall and the second inner limiting column together realize the shielding limiting of the restrictive tibial platform pad.

Furthermore, the lateral widths of the second tibial plateau pad posterior medial groove and the second tibial plateau pad anterior medial groove are respectively greater than the lateral widths of the limiting blocks of the second posterior limiting column and the anterior medial limiting column.

Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The invention has a simple structure, and the limiting protrusions (limiting columns, limiting bosses) of various structures can effectively solve the problem of dislocation of the existing active unicompartmental pad (tibial plateau pad) in clinical practice.

The restrictive tibial plateau of the present invention limits the restrictive tibial plateau pad of the present invention only by limiting the position of a number of limiting protrusions with different structures. Under the premise of not affecting normal surgical operations and the normal range of motion of the prosthesis after surgery, the clinical complication of anterior dislocation of the restrictive tibial plateau pad caused by the impact of foreign matter such as osteophytes or bone cement during high flexion of the knee joint can be avoided. At the same time, the clinical complication of posterior dislocation of the tibial plateau pad caused by rotation of the tibial plateau pad due to poor prosthesis positioning can be avoided.

In addition, a limiting groove is provided on the upper surface of the restrictive tibial plateau pad of the present invention, and the limiting groove is set to be spherical, thereby avoiding complications such as a high dislocation rate caused by a large range of motion of the lateral compartment mobile unicompartmental prosthesis, so that the restrictive mobile unicompartmental prosthesis component of the present invention can be simultaneously applied to medial and lateral compartment replacement.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with examples, and the advantages and implementation methods of the present invention will become more obvious. The contents shown in the accompanying drawings are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention in any sense. In the accompanying drawings:

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a constrained mobile unicompartmental prosthesis assembly according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG2 is a front view of FIG1 of the present invention;

FIG3 is a top view of FIG1 of the present invention;

FIG4 is a right side view of FIG1 of the present invention;

FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first restrictive tibial plateau according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first restrictive tibial plateau pad according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG7 is a top view of FIG5 of the present invention;

FIG8 is a side view of FIG6 of the present invention;

9 is a schematic structural diagram of a constrained mobile unicompartmental prosthesis assembly according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG10 is a front view of FIG9 of the present invention;

FIG11 is a top view of FIG9 of the present invention;

FIG12 is a left side view of FIG9 of the present invention;

13 is a schematic structural diagram of a second restricted tibial plateau according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a second restrictive tibial plateau pad according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

In the figure:

11. First restricted tibial plateau; 12. First restricted tibial plateau pad; 13. Upper surface of first tibial plateau; 14. First rear limiting column; 15. First medial limiting column; 16. Lateral horizontal limiting boss; 17. First lateral vertical limiting sidewall; 18. Lower surface of first tibial plateau pad; 19. Upper surface of first tibial plateau pad; 110. Lateral horizontal groove of tibial plateau pad; 111. Posterior medial groove of first tibial plateau pad; 112. First tibial plateau pad Anterior medial groove of the platform pad; 21, second restrictive tibial plateau; 22, second restrictive tibial plateau pad; 23, upper surface of the second tibial plateau; 24, second rear limiting column; 25, second medial limiting column; 26, anterior medial limiting column; 27, second lateral vertical limiting sidewall; 28, lower surface of the second tibial plateau pad; 29, upper surface of the second tibial plateau pad; 230, posterior medial groove of the second tibial plateau pad; 231, anterior medial groove of the second tibial plateau pad.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1 to 14, a restricted active unicompartmental prosthesis component of the present invention includes a restricted tibial plateau and a restricted tibial plateau pad. The restricted tibial plateau pad is installed above the restricted tibial plateau. A limiting protrusion is set at the edge of the restricted tibial plateau. A limiting groove is set at the position corresponding to the edge of the restricted tibial plateau pad and the limiting protrusion. The limiting groove and the limiting protrusion are matched to achieve the limitation of the restricted tibial plateau pad. A limiting groove is set on the upper surface of the restricted tibial plateau pad.

Embodiment 1:

As shown in Figures 1 to 8, a restrictive active unicompartmental prosthesis assembly includes a restrictive tibial plateau (a first restrictive tibial plateau 11) and a restrictive tibial plateau pad (a first restrictive tibial plateau pad 12). A limiting protrusion is set at the edge of the first restrictive tibial plateau 11, and the limiting protrusion includes a first posterior limiting column 14, a first medial limiting column 15 and an outer horizontal limiting boss 16. The first posterior limiting column 14 and the first medial limiting column 15 are vertically set at the arc-shaped edge position of the upper surface 13 of the first tibial plateau, and the outer horizontal limiting boss 16 is horizontally set on the first outer vertical limiting side wall 17 of the first restrictive tibial plateau 11. The first outer vertical limiting side wall 17 is set at the straight edge position of the upper surface 13 of the first tibial plateau.

A limiting groove is set at the position corresponding to the edge of the first restrictive tibial plateau pad 12 and the limiting protrusion, and the limiting groove includes an outer horizontal groove 110 of the tibial plateau pad, a posterior medial groove 111 of the first tibial plateau pad and an anterior medial groove 112 of the first tibial plateau pad. The lower ends of the posterior medial groove 111 of the first tibial plateau pad and the anterior medial groove 112 of the first tibial plateau pad are connected to the lower surface 18 of the first tibial plateau pad. The posterior medial groove 111 of the first tibial plateau pad and the anterior medial groove 112 of the first tibial plateau pad are respectively matched with the first rear limiting column 14 and the first medial limiting column 15, and the outer horizontal groove 110 of the tibial plateau pad is matched with the outer horizontal limiting boss 16.

The upper surface 19 of the first tibial plateau pad is provided with a spherical limiting groove.

The lateral widths of the first tibial plateau pad posterior medial groove 111 and the first tibial plateau pad anterior medial groove 112 are respectively greater than the lateral widths of the first posterior limiting column 14 and the first medial limiting column 15; the lateral width of the lateral horizontal limiting boss 16 is greater than the lateral width of the lateral horizontal groove 110 of the tibial plateau pad.

In addition, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, the opening formed between the first outer vertical limiting side wall 17 and the first inner limiting column 15 is the front end opening of the first tibial plateau, and the width of the front end opening of the first tibial plateau is A; the opening formed between the first outer vertical limiting side wall 17 and the first rear limiting column 14 is the rear end opening of the first tibial plateau, and the width of the rear end opening of the first tibial plateau is B; the width of the first restrictive tibial plateau pad 12 is W.

A＞W＞B

This design facilitates installation of the first restrictive tibial plateau pad 12 and prevents the first restrictive tibial plateau pad 12 from dislocating at the posterior side.

The first outer vertical limiting side wall 17 is provided with a clearance space on one side of the front end opening of the first tibial plateau.

Embodiment 2:

As shown in Figures 9 to 14, a restricted active unicompartmental prosthesis assembly includes a restricted tibial plateau (a second restricted tibial plateau 21) and a restricted tibial plateau pad (a second restricted tibial plateau pad 22). A limiting protrusion is set at the edge of the second restricted tibial plateau 21, and the limiting protrusion includes a second posterior limiting column 24 and anterior medial limiting column 26. The second posterior limiting column 24 and the anterior medial limiting column 26 are vertically arranged on both sides of the arc-shaped edge of the upper surface 23 of the second tibial plateau. The upper ends of the second posterior limiting column 24 and the anterior medial limiting column 26 are provided with inwardly protruding limiting blocks. The cross section of the limiting block of the second posterior limiting column 24 is semicircular, and the cross section of the limiting block of the anterior medial limiting column 26 is rectangular.

A limiting groove is set at the position corresponding to the edge of the second restrictive tibial plateau pad 22 and the limiting protrusion, and the limiting groove includes a second tibial plateau pad posterior medial groove 230 and a second tibial plateau pad anterior medial groove 231. The second tibial plateau pad posterior medial groove 230 and the second tibial plateau pad anterior medial groove 231 are not connected to the second tibial plateau pad lower surface 28, and are embedded grooves. The second tibial plateau pad posterior medial groove 230 and the second tibial plateau pad anterior medial groove 231 are respectively cooperated with the limiting blocks at the upper ends of the second rear limiting column 24 and the anterior medial limiting column 26.

A second medial limiting column 25 is also provided at the arc edge position of the upper surface 23 of the second tibial platform. The second medial limiting column 25 is located between the second rear limiting column 24 and the front medial limiting column 26. The second medial limiting column 25 is in contact or non-contact with the side of the second restrictive tibial platform pad 22.

A second outer vertical limiting side wall 27 is disposed at the straight edge of the second tibial platform upper surface 23 , and the second outer vertical limiting side wall 27 and the second inner limiting column 25 together realize the shielding limiting of the second restrictive tibial platform pad 22 .

The upper surface 29 of the second tibial plateau pad is provided with a spherical limiting groove.

The lateral widths of the second tibial plateau pad posterior medial groove 230 and the second tibial plateau pad anterior medial groove 231 are respectively greater than the lateral widths of the limiting blocks of the second posterior limiting column 24 and the anterior medial limiting column 26 .

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the contents described are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A restricted active unicompartmental prosthesis assembly, characterized in that it comprises a restricted tibial plateau and a restricted tibial plateau pad, wherein the restricted tibial plateau pad is installed above the restricted tibial plateau, a limiting protrusion is arranged at the edge of the restricted tibial plateau, a limiting groove is arranged at the position corresponding to the edge of the restricted tibial plateau pad and the limiting protrusion, the limiting groove and the limiting protrusion are arranged in cooperation to realize the limiting of the restricted tibial plateau pad, and a limiting groove is arranged on the upper surface of the restricted tibial plateau pad. 2. The restrictive active unicompartmental prosthesis assembly according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the limiting protrusion includes a first posterior limiting column, a first medial limiting column and an outer horizontal limiting boss, the first posterior limiting column and the first medial limiting column are vertically arranged on the arc edge position of the upper surface of the first tibial platform, the outer horizontal limiting boss is horizontally arranged on the first outer vertical limiting side wall of the first restrictive tibial platform, and the first outer vertical limiting side wall is arranged on the straight edge position of the upper surface of the first tibial platform. 3. The restricted active unicompartmental prosthesis assembly according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the limit groove includes an outer horizontal groove of the tibial plateau pad, a posterior medial groove of the first tibial plateau pad and an anterior medial groove of the first tibial plateau pad, the lower ends of the posterior medial groove of the first tibial plateau pad and the anterior medial groove of the first tibial plateau pad are connected to the lower surface of the first tibial plateau pad, the posterior medial groove of the first tibial plateau pad and the anterior medial groove of the first tibial plateau pad are respectively cooperated with the first posterior limiting column and the first medial limiting column, and the outer horizontal groove of the tibial plateau pad is cooperated with the outer horizontal limiting boss. 4. The restricted active unicompartmental prosthesis assembly according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the lateral widths of the posterior medial groove of the first tibial plateau pad and the anterior medial groove of the first tibial plateau pad are respectively greater than the lateral widths of the first posterior limiting column and the first medial limiting column; the lateral width of the lateral horizontal limiting boss is greater than the lateral width of the lateral horizontal groove of the tibial plateau pad. 5. The restrictive active unicompartmental prosthesis assembly according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the opening formed between the first lateral vertical limiting side wall and the first medial limiting column is the front end opening of the first tibial plateau, and the width of the front end opening of the first tibial plateau is A; the opening formed between the first lateral vertical limiting side wall and the first rear limiting column is the rear end opening of the first tibial plateau, and the width of the rear end opening of the first tibial plateau is B; the width of the restrictive tibial plateau pad is W, A＞W＞B. 6. The constrained active unicompartmental prosthesis assembly according to claim 1 is characterized in that the limiting protrusion includes a second posterior limiting column and an anterior medial limiting column, the second posterior limiting column and the anterior medial limiting column are vertically arranged on both sides of the arc edge of the upper surface of the second tibial platform, and the upper ends of the second posterior limiting column and the anterior medial limiting column are provided with inwardly protruding limiting blocks. 7. The constrained active unicompartmental prosthesis assembly according to claim 6 is characterized in that the limiting groove includes a posterior medial groove of the second tibial plateau pad and an anterior medial groove of the second tibial plateau pad, and the posterior medial groove of the second tibial plateau pad and the anterior medial groove of the second tibial plateau pad are respectively cooperated with the limiting blocks at the upper ends of the second posterior limiting column and the anterior medial limiting column. 8. The constrained mobile unicompartmental prosthesis assembly according to claim 6 is characterized in that a second medial limiting column is also provided at the arc-shaped edge position of the upper surface of the second tibial platform, and the second medial limiting column is located between the second rear limiting column and the anterior medial limiting column. 9. The constrained active unicompartmental prosthesis assembly according to claim 8 is characterized in that a second lateral vertical limiting side wall is provided at the straight edge position of the upper surface of the second tibial platform, and the second lateral vertical limiting side wall and the second medial limiting column jointly realize the shielding limiting of the constrained tibial platform pad. 10. The constrained mobile unicompartmental prosthesis assembly according to claim 7 is characterized in that the lateral widths of the posterior medial groove of the second tibial plateau pad and the anterior medial groove of the second tibial plateau pad are respectively greater than the lateral widths of the limit blocks of the second posterior limit column and the anterior medial limit column.