CN118249927B - High-precision signal source power calibration method based on linear interpolation - Google Patents
High-precision signal source power calibration method based on linear interpolation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-precision signal source power calibration method based on linear interpolation, which comprises the following steps: s1, testing maximum output power and testing a fixed attenuation value of a numerical control attenuator: s2, calibrating a mechanical attenuator; s3, determining a frequency point of the radio frequency channel which must be calibrated; s4, calibrating a voltage-controlled attenuator; s5, power calibration compensation: and calculating the reference voltage values of the voltage-controlled attenuator and the detector under the currently set frequency and power according to the power value and the frequency value set by the user. The invention performs calibration in a mode of combining frequency and power division area segmentation calibration and two-dimensional linear interpolation, can effectively reduce calibration quantity and can improve power calibration precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to signal source calibration, in particular to a high-precision signal source power calibration method based on linear interpolation.
Background
The rapid development of wireless communication technology has higher and higher requirements on functions and indexes of general signal source equipment, and particularly has very high requirements on the output frequency range, the output power dynamics and the power accuracy of a signal source;
Particularly in the field of power calibration in high precision signal source transmission systems. The signal source has wide output frequency range, large power dynamic state, high power precision and large calibration data volume, and the actual power adjustment device is realized by a numerical control attenuator, a voltage-controlled attenuator and a mechanical attenuator which are not used for attenuation combination, and the frequency response of the attenuators is influenced by frequency and power factors, so that the change of the frequency response characteristic is large. Therefore, in order to ensure the output power accuracy of the signal source, the power calibration of the signal source is necessary.
The conventional signal source power calibration is realized by adopting a frequency and power table look-up mode, and the calibration method has the problems of low calibration precision and high calibration quantity, so that the calibration cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a high-precision signal source power calibration method based on linear interpolation, which is used for calibrating in a mode of combining frequency and power division area segmentation calibration and two-dimensional linear interpolation, so that the calibration quantity can be effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the power calibration precision can be improved.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a high-precision signal source power calibration method based on linear interpolation is characterized in that the method is calibrated based on a signal source power calibration system, and the signal source power calibration system comprises a signal source, a radio frequency channel, a mechanical attenuator and a detector; the radio frequency channel comprises a voltage-controlled attenuator, a first radio frequency switch, a second radio frequency switch and a plurality of radio frequency links;
The output end of the signal source is connected with a first radio frequency switch, the first radio frequency switch is connected with a second radio frequency switch through each radio frequency link, the second radio frequency switch is connected with a mechanical attenuator through a voltage-controlled attenuator, and the mechanical attenuator outputs signals outwards; the first radio frequency switch and the second radio frequency switch are used for selecting one radio frequency link from a plurality of radio frequency links; each path of radio frequency link comprises an amplifier, a band-pass filter and a numerical control attenuator which are sequentially connected; the detector is used for detecting an output signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and outputting detection voltage;
The method comprises the following steps:
s1, testing maximum output power and testing a fixed attenuation value of a numerical control attenuator:
Dividing the whole working frequency band into a plurality of sub-frequency bands, and establishing a one-to-one correspondence between the sub-frequency bands and the radio frequency links;
the mechanical attenuator and the voltage-controlled attenuator are not attenuated; the frequency range of a given signal source is: f min to f max; starting from f min, the signal source increases the frequency step by step according to the set frequency, and outputs single carrier signals between f min and f max;
At each frequency, measuring such that the amplifier does not compress the minimum numerical attenuation value; and measuring the maximum value of the signal power output by the mechanical attenuator at each frequency;
S2, calibrating a mechanical attenuator:
starting from f min, the signal source gradually increases the frequency according to the set frequency step by step, outputting single carrier signals between f min and f max, and setting the fixed attenuation value of the numerical control attenuator according to the measurement of the step S1 when the single carrier signal of each frequency is output;
the voltage-controlled attenuator is not attenuated;
for any frequency, calculating relative power variation amounts at different attenuation gears and zero attenuation as calibration data of the mechanical attenuator to form a calibration vector of the mechanical attenuator at the frequency;
After all the frequency tests are completed, the calibration vector of the mechanical attenuator under each frequency is obtained;
S3, determining a frequency point of the radio frequency channel which has to be calibrated:
the endpoints of each sub-band are frequency points which need to be calibrated;
Starting from f min, the signal source gradually increases the frequency according to the set frequency step by step, outputting single carrier signals between f min and f max, and setting a fixed attenuation value of the numerical control attenuator according to the measurement of the step S1 when the single carrier signal of each frequency is output, so that the mechanical attenuator does not attenuate;
Then measuring the power value of the output signal of the mechanical attenuator at each frequency, comparing the power value test result of the current frequency point with the power value test result of the last frequency point which needs to be calibrated from the second tested frequency point, and if the error exceeds the preset precision requirement value, taking the current frequency point as the point which needs to be calibrated;
S4, calibrating a voltage-controlled attenuator: firstly, setting the attenuation value of a numerical control attenuator as a preset fixed attenuation value, and enabling a mechanical attenuator not to attenuate; taking the maximum value of the signal power in the step S1 as a maximum power P max, and giving a minimum power P min and a power step delta P;
For each frequency point which needs to be calibrated, the signal source outputs a single carrier signal with corresponding frequency, the attenuation value of the voltage-controlled attenuator is regulated, the power of the output signal of the mechanical attenuator is tested, the power of the output signal of the mechanical attenuator is gradually reduced from P max according to the power step by step until the power of the output signal reaches a given minimum power P min or the maximum regulation range of the voltage-controlled attenuator; under each power, recording the control voltage of the voltage-controlled attenuator, detecting the output signal of the voltage-controlled attenuator by using a detector, obtaining and recording the detected voltage;
s5, power calibration compensation: and calculating the reference voltage values of the numerical control attenuator and the voltage-controlled attenuator and the detector corresponding to the currently set frequency and power according to the power value and the frequency value set by the user.
The signal source power calibration system further comprises a control module, wherein the control module is used for controlling the mechanical attenuator, the numerical control attenuator and the voltage-controlled attenuator according to the steps S1-S5, receiving a voltage signal output by the detector in the calibration compensation process, comparing the voltage signal with the detected voltage value calculated in the step S5, and judging whether the signal source output is stable or not.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: 1) The whole calibration carries out the sectional calibration on the frequency and the power, thereby effectively reducing the calibration quantity;
2) In the segmented area, two-dimensional linear interpolation is adopted for calibration, and the calibration accuracy is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a signal source power calibration system.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.
When a signal source system is calibrated, firstly, frequency and power area segmentation is carried out on the signal source, frequency and power segmentation points are used as calibration points, on the premise of opening a loop at the calibration points, a mechanical attenuator, a numerical control attenuator and a voltage-controlled attenuator of the signal source are adjusted, meanwhile, a power meter is used for measuring output power values of the calibrated signal source, and voltage values of the mechanical attenuator, the numerical control attenuator, the voltage-controlled attenuator and the detector and measured values of the signal source output to the power meter are recorded to be used as calibration parameters; and in normal use, the attenuator control value and the power detection value are calculated according to the frequency, the power and the calibration value set by a user, and an attenuation value and a power detection value which enable the power value errors of the output and the power expected to be output by the user to be small are calculated, so that the power calibration with wide frequency range, high power dynamic and high power precision is realized under the condition of limited calibration data volume.
The mechanism of the invention is as follows: aiming at the characteristics of wide output frequency range, large power dynamic and high power precision of a signal source and the characteristics of signal source link design, the signal calibration is roughly divided into mechanical attenuator calibration and radio frequency channel power calibration. The mechanical attenuator calibration is performed using fixed frequency steps and power steps. After calibration of the mechanical attenuator, the radio frequency channel calibration power range becomes smaller. The power calibration of the radio frequency channel is carried out by adopting frequency and power division areas, the specific method is to calibrate the end points of each area, the calculation of the calibration value in each area is realized by adopting a method of calculating the voltage-controlled attenuation value and the voltage value of the detector by adopting a two-dimensional interpolation method of power and frequency, the precondition of the two-dimensional interpolation method of using power and frequency is that the numerical control attenuator values in the areas are the same, only the voltage values of the voltage-controlled attenuator and the voltage value of the detector are different, and in order to meet the condition, each calibration end point needs at most 4 calibration points.
Specifically: as shown in fig. 1, a high-precision signal source power calibration method based on linear interpolation is calibrated based on a signal source power calibration system, and as shown in fig. 2, the signal source power calibration system comprises a signal source, a radio frequency channel, a mechanical attenuator and a detector; the radio frequency channel comprises a voltage-controlled attenuator, a first radio frequency switch, a second radio frequency switch and a plurality of radio frequency links;
The output end of the signal source is connected with a first radio frequency switch, the first radio frequency switch is connected with a second radio frequency switch through each radio frequency link, the second radio frequency switch is connected with a mechanical attenuator through a voltage-controlled attenuator, and the mechanical attenuator outputs signals outwards; the first radio frequency switch and the second radio frequency switch are used for selecting one radio frequency link from a plurality of radio frequency links; each path of radio frequency link comprises an amplifier, a band-pass filter and a numerical control attenuator which are sequentially connected; the detector is used for detecting an output signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and outputting detection voltage;
The method comprises the following steps:
s1, testing maximum output power and testing a fixed attenuation value of a numerical control attenuator:
Dividing the whole working frequency band into a plurality of sub-frequency bands, and establishing a one-to-one correspondence between the sub-frequency bands and the radio frequency links;
the mechanical attenuator and the voltage-controlled attenuator are not attenuated; the frequency range of a given signal source is: f min to f max; starting from f min, the signal source increases the frequency step by step according to the set frequency, and outputs single carrier signals between f min and f max;
At each frequency, measuring such that the amplifier does not compress the minimum numerical attenuation value; and measuring the maximum value of the signal power output by the mechanical attenuator at each frequency;
S2, calibrating a mechanical attenuator:
starting from f min, the signal source gradually increases the frequency according to the set frequency step by step, outputting single carrier signals between f min and f max, and setting the fixed attenuation value of the numerical control attenuator according to the measurement of the step S1 when the single carrier signal of each frequency is output;
the voltage-controlled attenuator is not attenuated;
for any frequency, calculating relative power variation amounts at different attenuation gears and zero attenuation as calibration data of the mechanical attenuator to form a calibration vector of the mechanical attenuator at the frequency;
After all the frequency tests are completed, the calibration vector of the mechanical attenuator under each frequency is obtained;
S3, determining a frequency point of the radio frequency channel which has to be calibrated:
the endpoints of each sub-band are frequency points which need to be calibrated;
Starting from f min, the signal source gradually increases the frequency according to the set frequency step by step, outputting single carrier signals between f min and f max, and setting a fixed attenuation value of the numerical control attenuator according to the measurement of the step S1 when the single carrier signal of each frequency is output, so that the mechanical attenuator does not attenuate;
Then measuring the power value of the output signal of the mechanical attenuator at each frequency, comparing the power value test result of the current frequency point with the power value test result of the last frequency point which needs to be calibrated from the second tested frequency point, and if the error exceeds the preset precision requirement value, taking the current frequency point as the point which needs to be calibrated;
S4, calibrating a voltage-controlled attenuator: firstly, setting the attenuation value of a numerical control attenuator as a preset fixed attenuation value, and enabling a mechanical attenuator not to attenuate; taking the maximum value of the signal power in the step S1 as a maximum power P max, and giving a minimum power P min and a power step delta P;
For each frequency point which needs to be calibrated, the signal source outputs a single carrier signal with corresponding frequency, the attenuation value of the voltage-controlled attenuator is regulated, the power of the output signal of the mechanical attenuator is tested, the power of the output signal of the mechanical attenuator is gradually reduced from P max according to the power step by step until the power of the output signal reaches a given minimum power P min or the maximum regulation range of the voltage-controlled attenuator; under each power, recording the control voltage of the voltage-controlled attenuator, detecting the output signal of the voltage-controlled attenuator by using a detector, obtaining and recording the detected voltage;
s5, power calibration compensation: and calculating the reference voltage values of the numerical control attenuator and the voltage-controlled attenuator and the detector corresponding to the currently set frequency and power according to the power value and the frequency value set by the user.
The step S1 includes:
S101, dividing the whole working frequency band into a plurality of sub-frequency bands, and establishing a one-to-one correspondence between the self-frequency band and the radio frequency links, wherein the passband of a band-pass filter in each radio frequency link is the same as the corresponding sub-frequency band; when the frequency of a signal input by a signal source falls into one of the sub-frequency bands, the first radio frequency switch and the second radio frequency switch gate the radio frequency link corresponding to the sub-frequency band;
S102, enabling the mechanical attenuator and the voltage-controlled attenuator not to attenuate; the frequency range of a given signal source is: f min to f max; starting from f min, the signal source increases the frequency step by step according to the set frequency, and outputs single carrier signals between f min and f max;
s103, for any output frequency of a signal source, measuring a minimum numerical control attenuation value which is not compressed by an amplifier, taking the minimum numerical control attenuation value as a fixed attenuation value of a numerical control attenuator, and testing signal power at each frequency:
At the current frequency, adjusting the attenuation value of the numerical control attenuator: starting from 0 attenuation, adjusting according to a set numerical control attenuation step, and obtaining a minimum numerical control attenuation value which is used as a fixed attenuation value of the numerical control attenuator, wherein the minimum numerical control attenuation value is not compressed by the amplifier; the amplifier is not compressed, which means that the amplifier works in a linear region;
Measuring the signal power output by the mechanical attenuator at the current frequency, and recording the fixed attenuation value of the numerical control attenuator at the current frequency and the signal power output by the mechanical attenuator;
S103, after the test of the step S102 is completed, the maximum signal power output by the mechanical attenuator is taken and stored.
The step S2 includes:
S201, a signal source steps according to a set frequency, single carrier signals are output from f min to f max, and when the single carrier signals of each frequency are output, a fixed attenuation value of a numerical control attenuator is set according to measurement of the step S1; and making the voltage-controlled attenuator unattenuated;
S202, for a single carrier signal of any frequency, adjusting a mechanical attenuator, testing and recording power values output to a power meter under different attenuation gears, and calculating power variation of each gear of the mechanical attenuator relative to zero attenuation in the single carrier signal of the current frequency to form a calibration vector of the mechanical attenuator under the frequency;
S203, for the single carrier signal under each frequency, repeatedly executing the step S202, and obtaining the calibration vector of the mechanical attenuator under each frequency after traversing all frequencies.
The step S4 includes:
S401, setting the attenuation value of the numerical control attenuator to be a preset fixed attenuation value, and enabling the mechanical attenuator not to attenuate; taking the maximum value of the signal power in the step S1 as a maximum power P max, and giving a minimum power P min and a power step delta P;
s402, for any frequency point which needs to be calibrated, a signal source generates a single carrier signal of the frequency point, the single carrier signal is input into a radio frequency channel, and then the power of an output signal of a mechanical attenuator is measured:
Adjusting the attenuation value of the voltage-controlled attenuator to enable the output power of the mechanical attenuator to be P max、Pmax-△P、Pmax-2△P、Pmax -3 delta P … until the power of the output signal reaches a given minimum power P min or the maximum adjustment range of the voltage-controlled attenuator;
under each power, recording the control voltage of the voltage-controlled attenuator, detecting the output signal of the voltage-controlled attenuator by using a detector, obtaining and recording the detected voltage;
s403, for each frequency point which needs to be calibrated, repeating the step S402 to obtain the control voltage and the detection voltage of the voltage-controlled attenuator corresponding to different output power under each frequency point which needs to be calibrated.
The step S5 includes:
Let the frequency set by the user be f (x), the power be p (x), set the attenuation value of the digitally controlled attenuator to be the same preset fixed attenuation value as in step S4, and then calculate the corresponding voltage value aat (f (x), p (x)) and detection voltage value det (f (x), p (x)), comprising the steps of:
The first step: coarse-tuning the output power by using a mechanical attenuator, and calculating the output power p_rf (x) of the radio frequency channel taking the mechanical attenuator into consideration;
(1) The calibrated mechanical attenuator attenuation value at frequency f (x) is calculated as follows:
matt (f(x))= matt(f(n))+[f(x)-f(n)]×[matt(f(n+1))-matt(f(n))]/ [f(n+1)-f(n)]；
f (x): a frequency set by a user;
f (n): a maximum mechanical attenuator calibration frequency point of f (x) or less;
f (n+1): a minimum mechanical attenuator calibration frequency point greater than or equal to f (x);
matt (f (x)): a calibrated mechanical attenuator attenuation value at frequency f (x);
matt (f (n)): a calibrated mechanical attenuator attenuation value at frequency f (n) calculated from the difference between the frequency f (n) calibration data 0 attenuated output power and the selected gear output power; the gear selection of the mechanical attenuator is as follows: at the current frequency f (n), selecting a gear that maximizes the mechanical attenuator attenuation value if the result of subtracting the mechanical attenuator attenuation value from P max is satisfied to be greater than P (x);
matt (f (n+1)): the attenuation value of the calibration mechanical attenuator at the frequency f (n+1) is calculated by the difference between the attenuation output power of the calibration data 0 with the frequency f (n) and the output power of the selected gear; the gear selection of the mechanical attenuator is as follows: at the current frequency f (n), selecting a gear that maximizes the mechanical attenuator attenuation value if the result of subtracting the mechanical attenuator attenuation value from P max is satisfied to be greater than P (x);
(2) The calculation considers the output power p_rf (x) of the radio frequency channel of the mechanical attenuator, and the calculation formula is as follows:
p_rf(x)= p(x)+matt(f(x))；
p_rf (x): considering the output power of a radio frequency channel of the mechanical attenuator;
p (x): the user sets a power value at f (x) frequency;
and a second step of: the linear interpolation is carried out in the power dimension, the calculation frequency is f (n), and the output power is a voltage-controlled attenuator voltage value att (f (n), p (x)) and a detection voltage value det (f (n), p (x)) corresponding to the linear interpolation of p (x):
att(f(n),p(x))=[ p_rf(x)–p_rf(f(n),k+1))]/[p_rf(f(n),k)–p_rf(f(n),k+1)]
×[att(f(n),p_rf(k))–att(f(n),p_rf (k+1))] +att(f(n),p_rf(k+1))；
the detection voltage value calculation formula:
det(f(n),p(x))=[p_rf(x)–p_rf(f(n),k+1)]/[p_rf(f(n),k)–p_rf(f(n),k+1)]
×[det(f(n),p_rf(k))–det(f(n),p_rf(k+1))] +det(f(n),p_rf(k+1))；
att (f (n), p (x)): the voltage control value of the voltage-controlled attenuator is controlled at the position where the output power of the radio frequency channel at the frequency f (n) is p (x);
p_rf (f (n), k): a minimum calibrated output power at a frequency f (n) greater than p_rf (x);
p_rf (f (n), k+1): a maximum calibrated output power at a frequency f (n) less than p_rf (x);
att (f (n), p_rf (k)): a calibration voltage corresponding to the minimum calibration output power of which the frequency is f (n) and is greater than p_rf (x);
att (f (n), p_rf (k+1)): a calibration voltage corresponding to the maximum calibration output power of the frequency f (n) which is larger than p_rf (x);
det (f (n), p_rf (k)): a detection voltage corresponding to the minimum calibration output power of which the frequency is f (n) and is larger than p_rf (x);
det (f (n), p_rf (k+1)): the detection voltage corresponding to the maximum calibration output power of the frequency f (n) which is larger than p_rf (x);
And a third step of: performing linear interpolation on the power dimension to calculate frequency f (n+1), wherein the output power is a voltage-controlled attenuator voltage value att (f (n+1), p (x)) and a detection voltage value det (f (n+1), p (x)) corresponding to the linear interpolation of p (x);
att(f(n+1),p(x))=[p_rf(x)–p_rf(f(n+1),k+1))]/[p_rf(f(n+1),k)–p_rf(f(n+1),k+1)]
×[att(f(n+1),p_rf(k))–att(f(n+1),p_rf (k+1))] +att(f(n+1),p_rf(k+1))；
the detection voltage value calculation formula:
det(f(n+1),p(x))=[p_rf(x)–p_rf(f(n+1),k+1)]/[p_rf(f(n+1),k)–p_rf(f(n+1),k+1)]
×[det(f(n+1),p_rf(k))–det(f(n+1),p_rf(k+1))] +det(f(n+1),p_rf(k+1))；
att (f (n+1), p (x)): the voltage control value of the voltage-controlled attenuator is controlled at the position where the output power of the radio frequency channel at the frequency f (n+1) is p (x);
p_rf (f (n+1), k): a minimum calibrated output power at a frequency f (n+1) greater than p_rf (x);
p_rf (f (n+1), k+1): a maximum calibrated output power at a frequency f (n+1) less than p_rf (x);
att (f (n+1), p_rf (k)): a calibration voltage corresponding to the minimum calibration output power of the frequency f (n+1) which is larger than p_rf (x);
att (f (n+1), p_rf (k+1)): a calibration voltage corresponding to the maximum calibration output power of p_rf (x) at the frequency f (n+1);
det (f (n+1), p_rf (k)): the detection voltage corresponding to the minimum calibration output power of the frequency f (n+1) which is larger than p_rf (x);
det (f (n+1), p_rf (k+1)): the detection voltage corresponding to the maximum calibration output power of the frequency f (n+1) which is larger than p_rf (x);
Fourth step: using the calculation results of the second step and the third step to perform linear interpolation in the frequency dimension, and calculating a voltage-controlled attenuator voltage value att (f (x), p (x)) and a detection voltage value det (f (x), p (x)) corresponding to the linear interpolation with the frequency f (x) and the power p (x);
voltage value calculation formula of voltage-controlled attenuator:
att(f(x),p(x))=[f(n+1)–f(n)]/[f(x)–f(n)]×[att(f(n+1),p(x))–att(f(n),p(x))]+att(f(n),p(x))；
the detection voltage value calculation formula:
det(f(x),p(x))=[f(n+1)–f(n)]/[f(x)–f(n)]×[det(f(n+1),p(x))–det(f(n),p(x))]+det(f(n),p(x))；
the signal source power calibration system further comprises a control module, wherein the control module is used for controlling the mechanical attenuator, the numerical control attenuator and the voltage-controlled attenuator according to the steps S1-S5, receiving a voltage signal output by the detector in the calibration compensation process, comparing the voltage signal with a detected voltage value calculated in the step S5, and judging whether the signal source output is stable or not: and (5) making a difference between the voltage value of the detector output voltage signal and the detected voltage value calculated in the step (S5), if the absolute value of the difference is smaller than a set threshold value, stabilizing the output, otherwise, considering that the output is unstable.
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as limited to other embodiments, but is capable of other combinations, modifications and environments and is capable of changes or modifications within the scope of the inventive concept, either as a result of the foregoing teachings or as a result of the knowledge or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A high-precision signal source power calibration method based on linear interpolation is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method is based on a signal source power calibration system, wherein the signal source power calibration system comprises a signal source, a radio frequency channel, a mechanical attenuator and a detector; the radio frequency channel comprises a voltage-controlled attenuator, a first radio frequency switch, a second radio frequency switch and a plurality of radio frequency links;
The output end of the signal source is connected with a first radio frequency switch, the first radio frequency switch is connected with a second radio frequency switch through each radio frequency link, the second radio frequency switch is connected with a mechanical attenuator through a voltage-controlled attenuator, and the mechanical attenuator outputs signals outwards; the first radio frequency switch and the second radio frequency switch are used for selecting one radio frequency link from a plurality of radio frequency links; each path of radio frequency link comprises an amplifier, a band-pass filter and a numerical control attenuator which are sequentially connected; the detector is used for detecting an output signal of the voltage-controlled attenuator and outputting detection voltage;
The method comprises the following steps:
s1, testing maximum output power and testing a fixed attenuation value of a numerical control attenuator:
Dividing the whole working frequency band into a plurality of sub-frequency bands, and establishing a one-to-one correspondence between the sub-frequency bands and the radio frequency links;
the mechanical attenuator and the voltage-controlled attenuator are not attenuated; the frequency range of a given signal source is: f min to f max; starting from f min, the signal source increases the frequency step by step according to the set frequency, and outputs single carrier signals between f min and f max;
At each frequency, measuring such that the amplifier does not compress the minimum numerical attenuation value; and measuring the maximum value of the signal power output by the mechanical attenuator at each frequency;
S2, calibrating a mechanical attenuator:
starting from f min, the signal source gradually increases the frequency according to the set frequency step by step, outputting single carrier signals between f min and f max, and setting the fixed attenuation value of the numerical control attenuator according to the measurement of the step S1 when the single carrier signal of each frequency is output;
the voltage-controlled attenuator is not attenuated;
for any frequency, calculating relative power variation amounts at different attenuation gears and zero attenuation as calibration data of the mechanical attenuator to form a calibration vector of the mechanical attenuator at the frequency;
After all the frequency tests are completed, the calibration vector of the mechanical attenuator under each frequency is obtained;
S3, determining a frequency point of the radio frequency channel which has to be calibrated:
the endpoints of each sub-band are frequency points which need to be calibrated;
Starting from f min, the signal source gradually increases the frequency according to the set frequency step by step, outputting single carrier signals between f min and f max, and setting a fixed attenuation value of the numerical control attenuator according to the measurement of the step S1 when the single carrier signal of each frequency is output, so that the mechanical attenuator does not attenuate;
Then measuring the power value of the output signal of the mechanical attenuator at each frequency, comparing the power value test result of the current frequency point with the power value test result of the last frequency point which needs to be calibrated from the second tested frequency point, and if the error exceeds the preset precision requirement value, taking the current frequency point as the point which needs to be calibrated;
S4, calibrating a voltage-controlled attenuator: firstly, setting the attenuation value of a numerical control attenuator as a preset fixed attenuation value, and enabling a mechanical attenuator not to attenuate; taking the maximum value of the signal power in the step S1 as a maximum power P max, and giving a minimum power P min and a power step delta P;
For each frequency point which needs to be calibrated, the signal source outputs a single carrier signal with corresponding frequency, the attenuation value of the voltage-controlled attenuator is regulated, the power of the output signal of the mechanical attenuator is tested, the power of the output signal of the mechanical attenuator is gradually reduced from P max according to the power step by step until the power of the output signal reaches a given minimum power P min or the maximum regulation range of the voltage-controlled attenuator; under each power, recording the control voltage of the voltage-controlled attenuator, detecting the output signal of the voltage-controlled attenuator by using a detector, obtaining and recording the detected voltage;
s5, power calibration compensation: and calculating the reference voltage values of the numerical control attenuator and the voltage-controlled attenuator and the detector corresponding to the currently set frequency and power according to the power value and the frequency value set by the user.
2. The method for calibrating the power of a high-precision signal source based on linear interpolation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step S1 includes:
S101, dividing the whole working frequency band into a plurality of sub-frequency bands, and establishing a one-to-one correspondence between the sub-frequency bands and radio frequency links, wherein the passband of a band-pass filter in each radio frequency link is the same as the corresponding sub-frequency band; when the frequency of a signal input by a signal source falls into one of the sub-frequency bands, the first radio frequency switch and the second radio frequency switch gate the radio frequency link corresponding to the sub-frequency band;
S102, enabling the mechanical attenuator and the voltage-controlled attenuator not to attenuate; the frequency range of a given signal source is: f min to f max; starting from f min, the signal source increases the frequency step by step according to the set frequency, and outputs single carrier signals between f min and f max;
s103, for any output frequency of a signal source, measuring a minimum numerical control attenuation value which is not compressed by an amplifier, taking the minimum numerical control attenuation value as a fixed attenuation value of a numerical control attenuator, and testing signal power at each frequency:
At the current frequency, adjusting the attenuation value of the numerical control attenuator: starting from 0 attenuation, adjusting according to a set numerical control attenuation step, and obtaining a minimum numerical control attenuation value which is used as a fixed attenuation value of the numerical control attenuator, wherein the minimum numerical control attenuation value is not compressed by the amplifier; the amplifier is not compressed, which means that the amplifier works in a linear region;
Measuring the signal power output by the mechanical attenuator at the current frequency, and recording the fixed attenuation value of the numerical control attenuator at the current frequency and the signal power output by the mechanical attenuator;
S103, after the test of the step S102 is completed, the maximum signal power output by the mechanical attenuator is taken and stored.
3. The method for calibrating the power of a high-precision signal source based on linear interpolation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step S2 includes:
S201, a signal source steps according to a set frequency, single carrier signals are output from f min to f max, and when the single carrier signals of each frequency are output, a fixed attenuation value of a numerical control attenuator is set according to measurement of the step S1; and making the voltage-controlled attenuator unattenuated;
S202, for a single carrier signal of any frequency, adjusting a mechanical attenuator, testing and recording power values output to a power meter under different attenuation gears, and calculating power variation of each gear of the mechanical attenuator relative to zero attenuation in the single carrier signal of the current frequency to form a calibration vector of the mechanical attenuator under the frequency;
S203, for the single carrier signal under each frequency, repeatedly executing the step S202, and obtaining the calibration vector of the mechanical attenuator under each frequency after traversing all frequencies.
4. The method for calibrating the power of a high-precision signal source based on linear interpolation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step S4 includes:
S401, setting the attenuation value of the numerical control attenuator to be a preset fixed attenuation value, and enabling the mechanical attenuator not to attenuate; taking the maximum value of the signal power in the step S1 as a maximum power P max, and giving a minimum power P min and a power step delta P;
s402, for any frequency point which needs to be calibrated, a signal source generates a single carrier signal of the frequency point, the single carrier signal is input into a radio frequency channel, and then the power of an output signal of a mechanical attenuator is measured:
Adjusting the attenuation value of the voltage-controlled attenuator to enable the output power of the mechanical attenuator to be P max、Pmax-△P、Pmax-2△P、Pmax -3 delta P … until the power of the output signal reaches a given minimum power P min or the maximum adjustment range of the voltage-controlled attenuator;
under each power, recording the control voltage of the voltage-controlled attenuator, detecting the output signal of the voltage-controlled attenuator by using a detector, obtaining and recording the detected voltage;
s403, for each frequency point which needs to be calibrated, repeating the step S402 to obtain the control voltage and the detection voltage of the voltage-controlled attenuator corresponding to different output power under each frequency point which needs to be calibrated.
5. The method for calibrating power of a high-precision signal source based on linear interpolation according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step S5 includes:
Let the frequency set by the user be f (x), the power be p (x), set the attenuation value of the digitally controlled attenuator to be the same preset fixed attenuation value as in step S4, and then calculate the corresponding voltage value aat (f (x), p (x)) and detection voltage value det (f (x), p (x)), comprising the steps of:
The first step: coarse-tuning the output power by using a mechanical attenuator, and calculating the output power p_rf (x) of the radio frequency channel taking the mechanical attenuator into consideration;
(1) The calibrated mechanical attenuator attenuation value at frequency f (x) is calculated as follows:
matt (f(x))= matt(f(n))+[f(x)-f(n)]×[matt(f(n+1))-matt(f(n))]/ [f(n+1)-f(n)]；
f (x): a frequency set by a user;
f (n): a maximum mechanical attenuator calibration frequency point of f (x) or less;
f (n+1): a minimum mechanical attenuator calibration frequency point greater than or equal to f (x);
matt (f (x)): a calibrated mechanical attenuator attenuation value at frequency f (x);
matt (f (n)): a calibrated mechanical attenuator attenuation value at frequency f (n) calculated from the difference between the frequency f (n) calibration data 0 attenuated output power and the selected gear output power; the gear selection of the mechanical attenuator is as follows: at the current frequency f (n), selecting a gear that maximizes the mechanical attenuator attenuation value if the result of subtracting the mechanical attenuator attenuation value from P max is satisfied to be greater than P (x);
matt (f (n+1)): the attenuation value of the calibration mechanical attenuator at the frequency f (n+1) is calculated by the difference between the attenuation output power of the calibration data 0 with the frequency f (n) and the output power of the selected gear; the gear selection of the mechanical attenuator is as follows: at the current frequency f (n), selecting a gear that maximizes the mechanical attenuator attenuation value if the result of subtracting the mechanical attenuator attenuation value from P max is satisfied to be greater than P (x);
(2) The calculation considers the output power p_rf (x) of the radio frequency channel of the mechanical attenuator, and the calculation formula is as follows:
p_rf(x)= p(x)+matt(f(x))；
p_rf (x): considering the output power of a radio frequency channel of the mechanical attenuator;
p (x): the user sets a power value at f (x) frequency;
and a second step of: the linear interpolation is carried out in the power dimension, the calculation frequency is f (n), and the output power is a voltage-controlled attenuator voltage value att (f (n), p (x)) and a detection voltage value det (f (n), p (x)) corresponding to the linear interpolation of p (x):
att(f(n),p(x))=[ p_rf(x)–p_rf(f(n),k+1))]/[p_rf(f(n),k)–p_rf(f(n),k+1)]
×[att(f(n),p_rf(k))–att(f(n),p_rf (k+1))] +att(f(n),p_rf(k+1))；
the detection voltage value calculation formula:
det(f(n),p(x))=[p_rf(x)–p_rf(f(n),k+1)]/[p_rf(f(n),k)–p_rf(f(n),k+1)]
×[det(f(n),p_rf(k))–det(f(n),p_rf(k+1))] +det(f(n),p_rf(k+1))；
att (f (n), p (x)): the voltage control value of the voltage-controlled attenuator is controlled at the position where the output power of the radio frequency channel at the frequency f (n) is p (x);
p_rf (f (n), k): a minimum calibrated output power at a frequency f (n) greater than p_rf (x);
p_rf (f (n), k+1): a maximum calibrated output power at a frequency f (n) less than p_rf (x);
att (f (n), p_rf (k)): a calibration voltage corresponding to the minimum calibration output power of which the frequency is f (n) and is greater than p_rf (x);
att (f (n), p_rf (k+1)): a calibration voltage corresponding to the maximum calibration output power of the frequency f (n) which is larger than p_rf (x);
det (f (n), p_rf (k)): a detection voltage corresponding to the minimum calibration output power of which the frequency is f (n) and is larger than p_rf (x);
det (f (n), p_rf (k+1)): the detection voltage corresponding to the maximum calibration output power of the frequency f (n) which is larger than p_rf (x);
And a third step of: performing linear interpolation on the power dimension to calculate frequency f (n+1), wherein the output power is a voltage-controlled attenuator voltage value att (f (n+1), p (x)) and a detection voltage value det (f (n+1), p (x)) corresponding to the linear interpolation of p (x);
att(f(n+1),p(x))=[p_rf(x)–p_rf(f(n+1),k+1))]/[p_rf(f(n+1),k)–p_rf(f(n+1),k+1)]
×[att(f(n+1),p_rf(k))–att(f(n+1),p_rf (k+1))] +att(f(n+1),p_rf(k+1))；
the detection voltage value calculation formula:
det(f(n+1),p(x))=[p_rf(x)–p_rf(f(n+1),k+1)]/[p_rf(f(n+1),k)–p_rf(f(n+1),k+1)]
×[det(f(n+1),p_rf(k))–det(f(n+1),p_rf(k+1))] +det(f(n+1),p_rf(k+1))；
att (f (n+1), p (x)): the voltage control value of the voltage-controlled attenuator is controlled at the position where the output power of the radio frequency channel at the frequency f (n+1) is p (x);
p_rf (f (n+1), k): a minimum calibrated output power at a frequency f (n+1) greater than p_rf (x);
p_rf (f (n+1), k+1): a maximum calibrated output power at a frequency f (n+1) less than p_rf (x);
att (f (n+1), p_rf (k)): a calibration voltage corresponding to the minimum calibration output power of the frequency f (n+1) which is larger than p_rf (x);
att (f (n+1), p_rf (k+1)): a calibration voltage corresponding to the maximum calibration output power of p_rf (x) at the frequency f (n+1);
det (f (n+1), p_rf (k)): the detection voltage corresponding to the minimum calibration output power of the frequency f (n+1) which is larger than p_rf (x);
det (f (n+1), p_rf (k+1)): the detection voltage corresponding to the maximum calibration output power of the frequency f (n+1) which is larger than p_rf (x);
Fourth step: using the calculation results of the second step and the third step to perform linear interpolation in the frequency dimension, and calculating a voltage-controlled attenuator voltage value att (f (x), p (x)) and a detection voltage value det (f (x), p (x)) corresponding to the linear interpolation with the frequency f (x) and the power p (x);
voltage value calculation formula of voltage-controlled attenuator:
att(f(x),p(x))=[f(n+1)–f(n)]/[f(x)–f(n)]×[att(f(n+1),p(x))–att(f(n),p(x))]+att(f(n),p(x))；
the detection voltage value calculation formula:
det(f(x),p(x))=[f(n+1)–f(n)]/[f(x)–f(n)]×[det(f(n+1),p(x))–det(f(n),p(x))]+det(f(n),p(x))。
6. The method for calibrating the power of a high-precision signal source based on linear interpolation according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the signal source power calibration system further comprises a control module, wherein the control module is used for controlling the mechanical attenuator, the numerical control attenuator and the voltage-controlled attenuator according to the steps S1-S5, receiving a voltage signal output by the detector in the calibration compensation process, comparing the voltage signal with the detected voltage value calculated in the step S5, and judging whether the signal source output is stable or not.
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