CN118243014B - Measuring device for building economic measurement and calculation and method for measuring curved wall of building - Google Patents
Measuring device for building economic measurement and calculation and method for measuring curved wall of building Download PDFInfo
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- CN118243014B CN118243014B CN202410661999.8A CN202410661999A CN118243014B CN 118243014 B CN118243014 B CN 118243014B CN 202410661999 A CN202410661999 A CN 202410661999A CN 118243014 B CN118243014 B CN 118243014B
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010425 computer drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004441 surface measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
- G06T7/0004—Industrial image inspection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/20—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B5/207—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures using a plurality of fixed, simultaneously operating transducers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/80—Analysis of captured images to determine intrinsic or extrinsic camera parameters, i.e. camera calibration
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building economic measurement and calculation, and provides a measuring device for building economic measurement and calculation and a method for measuring a building curved surface wall, aiming at the problem that a special measuring tool for measuring a building curved surface vertical wall is lacking in the market at present, wherein the device comprises a supporting ruler, a sliding shooting mechanism and a plurality of component rules, a rule hole and a window hole are formed in the side wall of the supporting ruler, and the component rules are arranged in the rule hole in a sliding manner; the sliding shooting mechanism comprises a sliding seat, an industrial camera and an illumination assembly, and a component ruler in the view hole is positioned in the shooting range of the industrial camera. The method comprises the following steps: planning a measuring point; setting a reference window hole and marking; measuring and recording horizontal reference information; adjusting the height of the supporting ruler and leveling; the movable component ruler is propped against the curved surface to be measured; shooting, namely associating and storing the reference information with the video image; image processing; calculating coordinates; and obtaining the curved surface shape information. By using the device and the method, the workload of overall measurement can be reduced, and the measurement accuracy can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building economy measurement and calculation, and particularly relates to a measuring device for building economy measurement and calculation and a method for measuring a curved wall of a building.
Background
Building economy calculation is to determine feasibility, economic benefit and investment scale of building projects through calculation, analysis and evaluation of building projects, and when building economy calculation is carried out, field measurement is often required to be carried out on the project projects in progress so as to be used as the basis of calculation evaluation.
The conventional construction engineering measuring tool is provided with a leveling instrument for leveling measurement, a theodolite for angle measurement, a steel ruler and a range finder for distance measurement, a total station for leveling measurement, angle measurement and distance measurement, and the like for measuring a ground building by using a satellite remote sensing system. But there are few specialized tools for measuring building curves, particularly irregularly shaped curves. It is advantageous to map the building curved surface elevation using a satellite remote sensing system or unmanned aerial vehicle nodding, but the true shape of the curved surface cannot be accurately reflected when the curved surface stubs of different heights do not coincide. The existing special device for measuring the curved surface can not obtain data describing the whole shape of the curved surface, and the data can better reflect the information such as the area, the volume and the like of the wall body of the building, and has a greater effect on the measurement, the analysis and the evaluation of building materials, construction period and cost. At present, for such curved surface measurement, the coordinates of a plurality of points on the curved surface are usually required to be measured, the shape of the curved surface in a three-dimensional space is fitted through the coordinates of the plurality of points, the more the measured points are, the closer the fitted curved surface is to the actual curved surface, and because the coordinates of each point are obtained in a basic measurement mode of level, angle and distance, the measurement workload is large, the later data processing capacity is also large, and the overall difficulty of building economy measurement and calculation is high, the cost is high and the period is long.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a measuring device for building economy measurement and calculation and a method for measuring a curved wall of a building.
The technical aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
The measuring device for building economy measurement and calculation comprises a supporting ruler, a sliding shooting mechanism and a plurality of component rules, wherein a plurality of rule holes perpendicular to the calibration direction of the supporting ruler are formed in the side wall of the supporting ruler, the rule holes penetrate through the supporting ruler and are uniformly distributed along the calibration direction of the supporting ruler, the component rules are arranged in the rule holes in a sliding mode, window holes corresponding to the rule holes one by one are formed in the upper surface of the supporting ruler, and scales on the component rules in the corresponding rule holes can be observed from the window holes; the sliding shooting mechanism comprises a sliding seat, an industrial camera and an illumination assembly, wherein the sliding seat is in sliding connection with the supporting ruler, the industrial camera and the illumination assembly are fixedly arranged on the sliding seat, the sliding seat slides along the calibration direction of the supporting ruler, the shooting direction of the industrial camera and the irradiation direction of the illumination assembly face the upper surface of the supporting ruler, and when the sliding shooting mechanism passes through the viewing window hole, the component ruler in the viewing window hole is positioned in the shooting range of the industrial camera.
By adopting the technical scheme, the supporting ruler can be used for limiting a horizontal datum line close to the curved surface to be measured, each component ruler is propped against the curved surface to be measured to determine a measuring point, scales on the component ruler in the window hole can reflect the vertical distance from the corresponding measuring point to the datum line, when the industrial camera slides along the supporting ruler and shoots, scale values in a plurality of view holes can be shot sequentially, data in each view hole can be extracted through an image recognition technology to obtain data of the vertical distance from one group of measuring points to the datum line, the coordinates of the datum point and the direction coordinates of the datum line can be calculated as long as the center of one view hole on the supporting ruler is taken as the datum point, the coordinates of the datum point and the direction of the datum line can be determined, and therefore, the coordinates of one datum point and the direction of one datum line can be calculated by measuring the coordinates of the two datum points, and the information of a large number of measuring points can be obtained by adjusting one-time shooting of the measuring device, manual reading and recording are not needed, a large amount of measurement time and work load can be saved, the manual reading can be used, the error can be reduced, and the data can be directly read from an electronic computer can be more accurately read and extracted by the image processing technology.
Further, the supporting ruler is provided with a sliding groove parallel to the calibration direction of the supporting ruler, and the sliding seat is provided with a sliding block matched with the sliding groove; the sliding shooting mechanism further comprises a travelling wheel, a driver and a storage battery, wherein the travelling wheel is rotatably connected to the sliding seat, the driver drives the travelling wheel to rotate, the circumferential surface of the travelling wheel is propped against the supporting ruler, and the storage battery supplies power for the industrial camera, the lighting assembly and the driver.
By adopting the technical scheme, the sliding direction of the sliding seat can be restrained through the sliding groove, the weight of the supporting ruler is reduced, and the structural rigidity of the supporting ruler is improved; the electrically-driven travelling wheels are arranged to control the sliding speed conveniently, so that the problem that the shot image is blurred due to too fast movement of an industrial camera or too slow movement of the industrial camera causes that a large amount of unnecessary images are shot to generate excessive redundant data can be avoided.
Further, the sliding shooting mechanism further comprises a control module, a data storage module, an input module and a display module, wherein the data storage module, the input module, the display module, the industrial camera, the lighting assembly, the driver and the storage battery are respectively connected with the control module through signals.
By adopting the technical scheme, a measurer can input the coordinate information of the datum point and the datum line to the control module by utilizing the input module and the display module for being related to the video image to be shot; inputting control instructions of the industrial camera, the lighting assembly and the driver to the control module by utilizing the input module and the display module; the data storage module is used for storing coordinate information and video images.
Further, the component ruler is a rigid ruler or a tape measure.
The measuring tape has the advantages that the measuring tape adopts the rigid ruler, the measuring operation is simpler, the volume of the measuring device can be greatly reduced by adopting the measuring tape, and the measuring tape and the measuring device have advantages and disadvantages.
Further, the end part of the component ruler is provided with a quasi-constellation, the supporting ruler or the sliding shooting mechanism is provided with a laser sighting device, and laser emitted by the laser sighting device is horizontal and vertical to the calibration direction of the supporting ruler; when the component ruler is parallel to the laser emitted by the laser sighting device, the laser emitted by the laser sighting device irradiates on the sight of the corresponding alignment constellation.
When the component ruler adopts the tape measure, the tape measure has certain flexibility, the tape measure is difficult to keep horizontal when being stretched, and larger errors can be caused.
Further, be provided with the clamping mechanism who presss from both sides tight with the component chi on the supporting ruler, clamping mechanism includes layering, swivel nut and clamping bolt, offered the clamping groove on the one end terminal surface of supporting ruler, the clamping groove sets up and runs through each chi hole along the demarcation direction of supporting ruler, and the layering is located the clamping groove and is located the below of component chi, clamping bolt is fixed in on the layering perpendicularly, and the upper surface of supporting ruler corresponds clamping bolt department and is equipped with the nut counter bore, offered the through-hole of intercommunication clamping groove in the nut counter bore, clamping bolt passes through-hole and swivel nut.
By adopting the technical scheme, the component ruler can be kept stable, and even if the component ruler is a tape measure, the tape measure can be prevented from retracting after being pulled out, and errors caused by displacement of the component ruler during shooting are avoided. In addition, the pressing strip can enable the ruler surface of the component ruler to be tightly attached to the lower edge of the vision hole, shadows generated by gaps under illumination are reduced, when the component ruler is a tape measure, the pressing strip can also flatten the arc ruler surface of the tape measure, and factors affecting image recognition in the vision hole are reduced.
Further, the support ruler is provided with screening marks, length marks and reference marks which are in one-to-one correspondence with the window holes, the relative positions among the corresponding screening marks, the corresponding length marks, the corresponding reference marks and the corresponding window holes are the same, the reference marks comprise fixed grooves and movable marking blocks arranged in the fixed grooves, and at least one complete scale value on the component ruler is exposed in the window holes.
By adopting the technical scheme, the image recognition is convenient.
Further, still include leveling mechanism, leveling mechanism includes tripod screw base, altitude mixture control screw, altitude mixture control nut dish, collet, water level first and water level second, and water level first is fixed to be set up at the back-up rule upper surface, and water level second is fixed to be set up on the top of collet, the vertical fixed connection of altitude mixture control screw is in the center of tripod screw base's upper surface, altitude mixture control nut dish threaded connection is on altitude mixture control screw, the collet is pegged graft on altitude mixture control nut dish, set up flutedly on the collet, recess and back-up rule looks adaptation, set up the slide that runs through the recess lateral wall on the collet, the edge of the tip of slide is provided with keeps off the edge, be provided with elastic locator in the slide, elastic locator includes the locating ball and supports the spring of locating ball, set up on the lateral wall of back-up rule with each window hole one-to-one's constant head, when the part card that the locating ball stretches out the slide goes into the locating slot, the center coincidence with the center that corresponds the window.
By adopting the technical scheme, the collet bearing support ruler with the grooves is arranged, the split of the support ruler and the leveling mechanism is facilitated, the leveling mechanism with reasonable quantity is also facilitated to be arranged according to the measured distance, the surface of the collet bearing support ruler can be adjusted to be horizontal by utilizing the tripod screw base, the tripod screw base is further convenient to be connected with the tripod, the height of the collet can be finely adjusted by the height adjusting nut plate, and when more than one leveling mechanism bearing support ruler is utilized, the height of each collet can be adjusted to be the same height by utilizing the height adjusting nut plate. The elastic locator is arranged to facilitate the centering of the tripod screw base and the window hole, if the reference window hole is centered with the tripod screw base, the reference point position can be rapidly determined when the next measurement is carried out, and the operation is facilitated to be simplified.
Further, the two ends of the supporting ruler are respectively provided with a hinge piece, and when two or more supporting rulers are arranged, the two supporting rulers are connected with the adjacent first hinge piece and the adjacent second hinge piece through the supporting shaft.
By adopting the technical scheme, the support ruler can be prolonged by virtue of the hinge structure, and the hinge structure is stable in connection and convenient to assemble and disassemble.
A method for measuring a curved wall of a building by using the measuring device for measuring and calculating the building economy comprises the following steps:
S1, planning a measurement point on a curved surface to be measured, determining a plurality of height measurement positions in the vertical direction, determining a plurality of datum lines on the horizontal plane of each height measurement position, and determining the end points of the datum lines or the intersection points of the two datum lines as datum points;
S2, carrying out first measurement, arranging a supporting ruler along a datum line, moving the supporting ruler to enable at least one window hole to be located right above one datum point, and setting the window hole located right above the datum point as a datum window hole and marking;
S3, measuring and recording horizontal reference information, wherein the horizontal reference information comprises horizontal coordinates of two reference points or horizontal coordinates of one reference point on the reference line and direction coordinates of the reference line;
S4, adjusting the supporting ruler to a preset height measuring position, and adjusting the supporting ruler to be horizontal;
S5, moving each measuring rule to enable the end of each measuring rule to be propped against the curved surface to be measured;
S6, after the sliding shooting mechanism is moved to one end of the supporting ruler, the industrial camera starts shooting until the sliding shooting mechanism is moved to the other end of the supporting ruler, and the elevation coordinates and the horizontal reference information of the supporting ruler are associated with the video image and stored;
S7, adjusting the supporting ruler to other datum lines or other height measuring positions according to the preset, and adjusting to be horizontal;
s8, repeating the steps S5-S6 until all datum lines and height measuring positions are measured;
s9, processing each video image, and sequentially acquiring a group of data comprising the length value of the supporting ruler and the scale value of the component ruler corresponding to each window hole in the measurement through an image recognition technology;
S10, processing the data, calculating according to the length value of the supporting ruler to obtain the linear distance from the corresponding measuring point to one of the datum points, obtaining the vertical distance from the corresponding measuring point to the corresponding datum line according to the scale value of the component ruler, and calculating according to the horizontal datum information and the elevation coordinate associated with the vertical distance to obtain the coordinate of the corresponding measuring point;
S11, acquiring coordinates of all the measuring points to obtain shape information of the building curved surface wall.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the image recognition technology can be used for acquiring the computable position information of a large number of measurement points in one measurement, so that the work of manual reading, data recording and the like is reduced, the field workload in the process of measuring curved surfaces is reduced, a large amount of field working time is saved, more point measurement can be completed within the same time length, meanwhile, the error generated by manual reading can be reduced, and the measurement accuracy is improved; in addition, the data directly extracted from the image is more convenient for later data processing, calculation or computer drawing, thereby reducing the workload of measuring and calculating staff, reducing the work difficulty and being beneficial to accelerating the overall work progress.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a measuring device for measuring and calculating building economy in the invention, wherein a component ruler is a rigid ruler;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of one end of the support rule of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the support ruler of the present invention at the ruler hole;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a partial upper surface of a support ruler and a logo in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the slide shooting mechanism on a support ruler in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the bottom of the slide shooting mechanism of the present invention with the housing hidden;
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the slide shooting mechanism and the local support ruler of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the support ruler of the present invention supported by a tripod;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of the connection of the leveling mechanism to the support ruler in the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an exploded schematic view of the leveling mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the elastic positioner of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the tape measure of the present invention;
Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a quasi-constellation in the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a partial cross-sectional view of the clamping mechanism and support rule of the present invention;
Fig. 15 is a schematic view of the connection of two support scales in the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate, 100, support ruler; 101. a ruler hole; 102. a viewing aperture; 103. a chute; 104. a clamping groove; 105. a nut countersink; 106. a positioning groove; 110. a clamping mechanism; 111. pressing strips; 112. rotating the nut; 113. clamping a bolt; 121. screening the identification; 122. a reference mark; 1221. a fixing groove; 1222. a movable marking block; 123. a length mark; 140. a first hinge; 150. a second hinge; 160. a slot; 161. a baffle; 170. a support shaft; 200. a component ruler; 300. a sliding shooting mechanism; 310. a sliding seat; 311. a slide block; 320. an industrial camera; 330. a lighting assembly; 340. a storage battery; 350. a walking wheel; 351. a driven roller; 360. a driver; 370. a housing; 380. an input module; 390. a display module; 400. a laser sight; 500. quasi-constellation; 600. a leveling mechanism; 610. a tripod screw base; 620. a height adjusting screw; 630. a height adjusting nut plate; 631. an annular groove; 640. a first level; 650. a bottom support; 651. a groove; 652. a slideway; 653. a blocking edge; 654. a convex edge; 660. a second level; 670. an elastic positioner; 671. a positioning ball; 672. a spring; 700. and (5) a tripod.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the upper and lower positional relationship is the upper and lower positional relationship in the normal use state of the device. It should be noted that, for the sake of clarity of the structure of the device in the drawings, various marks and scales in the form of patterns are not shown in the drawings except fig. 4.
The measuring device for measuring building economy comprises a supporting ruler 100, a sliding shooting mechanism 300 and a plurality of component rulers 200 as shown in fig. 1.
The supporting ruler 100 is a long rigid ruler, the calibration direction of which is the length direction, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a plurality of ruler holes 101 perpendicular to the calibration direction of the supporting ruler 100 are formed in the side wall of the supporting ruler 100, the ruler holes 101 penetrate through the supporting ruler 100, and the plurality of ruler holes 101 are uniformly distributed along the calibration direction of the supporting ruler 100. The upper surface of the supporting ruler 100 is provided with window holes 102 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the ruler holes 101, and the window holes 102 are communicated with the corresponding ruler holes 101. As shown in fig. 4, the support ruler 100 is provided with a screening mark 121, a length mark 123 and a reference mark 122 which are in one-to-one correspondence with each window hole 102, and the relative positions of the corresponding screening mark 121, the length mark 123, the reference mark 122 and the window hole 102 are the same. The filtering identifier 121 is used for filtering out images suitable for extracting numerical values from the video, and when the filtering identifier 121 in the images is overlapped with the pre-examination graphic frame, the center of the images is overlapped with the center of the graphic of the window hole 102. The length mark 123 is the scale value of the support ruler 100. The reference mark 122 may be in any form as long as a specific marked content can be identified by image recognition for marking the window hole 102 selected as the reference viewing aperture, and in this embodiment, the reference mark 122 includes a fixed slot 1221 formed in the upper surface of the support rule 100 and a movable marking block 1222 caught in the fixed slot 1221, the movable marking block 1222 being slidable in the fixed slot 1221, and the position of the movable marking block 1222 corresponding to the reference mark 122 of the reference viewing aperture being different from the positions of the movable marking blocks 1222 of other reference marks 122 for distinction.
As shown in fig. 4, the component tape 200 is slidably disposed in the tape hole 101, and the scale of the component tape 200 is visible in the corresponding tape hole 101 from the window hole 102. The length of the window 102 in the length direction of the rule hole 101 is larger than the distance between the farthest ends of two adjacent graduation values on the component rule 200, so that at least one complete graduation value on the component rule 200 is exposed in the window hole 102, the accuracy of image identification is guaranteed, the component rule 200 can adopt a conventional graduation marking method, but all graduations on the component rule 200 are preferably marked with specific values. It should be noted that, in actual use, not every rule hole 101 is provided with a component rule 200, a measurer may set the component rule 200 according to the curvature change of the curved surface to be measured, and the component rule 200 may be set to be sparse at a position where the curvature change is not obvious, which is helpful for reducing workload.
As shown in connection with fig. 5, 6, and 7, the glide photographing mechanism 300 includes a glide base 310, an industrial camera 320, and a lighting assembly 330. The sliding seat 310 is in sliding connection with the supporting ruler 100, two sliding grooves 103 parallel to the calibrating direction of the supporting ruler 100 are formed in the upper surface of the supporting ruler 100, and sliding blocks 311 matched with the sliding grooves 103 are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the sliding seat 310. As shown in fig. 6, the industrial camera 320 and the lighting assembly 330 are fixedly disposed on the sliding base 310, the lens of the industrial camera 320 passes through the sliding base 310 downward, the lighting assembly 330 is disposed on the downward surface of the sliding base 310, so that the photographing direction of the industrial camera 320 and the irradiation direction of the lighting assembly 330 are both directed to the upper surface of the supporting ruler 100, preferably perpendicular to the upper surface of the supporting ruler 100, the industrial camera 320 and the lighting assembly 330 can be manufactured by using the existing products, and the lighting assembly 330 is preferably a ring-shaped lamp and is disposed around the lens of the industrial camera 320. When the sliding photographing mechanism 300 passes through the window hole 102, the component ruler 200 in the window hole 102 is in the photographing range of the industrial camera 320, and the screening mark 121, the length mark 123 and the reference mark 122 around the window hole 102 are also in the photographing range of the industrial camera 320.
The sliding shooting mechanism 300 can adopt manual driving sliding, and can work in a mode of manually controlling the industrial camera 320 and the lighting assembly 330 to be started and closed, and the shot video name is directly modified to be associated with the datum point and the datum line information. The above-mentioned work can also be accomplished by means of electric control, for this purpose, the sliding shooting mechanism 300 is further provided with a walking wheel 350 rotatably connected to the sliding seat 310, a driver 360 for driving the walking wheel 350 to rotate, and a battery 340, the circumferential surface of the walking wheel 350 is abutted against the supporting ruler 100, the driver 360 adopts a stepping motor, the driver 360 and the walking wheel 350 are driven by a gear set, and for the purpose of stabilizing the sliding shooting mechanism 300, a plurality of driven rollers 351 can also be provided. In order to prevent the sliding photographing mechanism 300 from slipping off the support ruler 100, slots 160 are respectively formed at both ends of the support ruler 100, and a blocking piece 161 for blocking the sliding photographing mechanism 300 from passing through is inserted into the slots 160. The sliding shooting mechanism 300 further comprises a control module (not shown in the figure), a data storage module, an input module 380 and a display module 390, wherein the data storage module (not shown in the figure), the input module 380, the display module 390, the industrial camera 320, the lighting assembly 330, the driver 360 and the storage battery 340 are respectively in signal connection with the control module. The input module 380 and the display module 390 are used for an operator to input coordinate information of the reference point and the reference line to the control module in order to correlate the reference information with a video image to be photographed, and also to input control instructions of turning on/off of the industrial camera 320, the lighting assembly 330, and the driver 360 to the control module. The data storage module is used for storing coordinate information and video images. The battery 340 provides power to the industrial camera 320, the lighting assembly 330, the driver 360, the control module, the data storage module, the input module 380, and the display module 390. To protect the device, a housing 370 may be provided on the cradle 310, and a battery 340, a main body of the industrial camera 320, a driver 360, a control module, and a data storage module are provided in the housing 370, and an input module 380 and a display module 390 are provided on the surface of the housing 370, and a power supply port and a USB interface for reading data are also provided on the housing 370.
A method for measuring a curved wall of a building comprises the following steps:
S1, planning a measurement point position on a curved surface to be measured, determining a plurality of height measurement positions in the vertical direction, determining a plurality of datum lines on the horizontal plane of each height measurement position, and determining the end point of the datum line or the intersection point of the two datum lines as a datum point.
S2, performing first measurement, setting a supporting ruler 100 along a datum line, moving the supporting ruler 100 to enable at least one window hole 102 to be located right above one datum point, and setting the window hole 102 located right above the datum point as a datum window hole and marking.
S3, measuring and recording horizontal reference information, wherein the horizontal reference information comprises horizontal coordinates of two reference points on the reference line or horizontal coordinates of one reference point and direction coordinates of the reference line; the horizontal reference information is measured using conventional measuring means.
S4, adjusting the supporting ruler 100 to reach a preset height measuring position, and adjusting the supporting ruler 100 to be horizontal.
S5, moving each component ruler 200 to enable the end parts of the component rulers to be propped against the curved surface to be measured.
S6, after the sliding shooting mechanism 300 is moved to one end of the supporting ruler 100, the industrial camera 320 is set to start shooting until the sliding shooting mechanism 300 is moved to the other end of the supporting ruler 100, and the elevation coordinates and the horizontal reference information of the supporting ruler 100 are associated with the video image and stored.
S7, adjusting the supporting ruler 100 to other datum lines or other height measuring positions and adjusting to be horizontal.
S8, repeating the steps S5-S6 until all datum lines and height measuring positions are measured.
S9, processing each video image, and acquiring a group of data comprising the length value of the supporting ruler 100 and the scale value of the component ruler 200 corresponding to each window hole 102 in the measurement through an image recognition technology according to the sequence.
S10, processing the data, calculating according to the length value of the supporting ruler 100 to obtain the linear distance from the corresponding measuring point to one of the datum points, obtaining the vertical distance from the corresponding measuring point to the corresponding datum line according to the scale value of the component ruler 200, and calculating according to the horizontal datum information and the elevation coordinate associated with the vertical distance to obtain the coordinate of the corresponding measuring point.
S11, acquiring coordinates of all the measurement points to obtain curved surface shape information.
In use, the support ruler 100 can be leveled by a separate leveling device, or the support ruler 100 can be placed on a leveled support device. However, for convenience of field work, it is preferable to provide the support ruler 100 with a leveling mechanism 600, one useful configuration being provided herein, as shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, the leveling mechanism 600 comprising a three-legged screw base 610, a height adjustment screw 620, a height adjustment nut plate 630, a shoe 650, a first level 640 and a second level 660. The tripod spiral base 610 can use the common leveling base in the market, be convenient for be connected with the tripod, and specific structure here is not repeated, and high adjusting screw 620 vertical fixed connection is on the upper surface of tripod spiral base 610, and high adjusting nut dish 630 threaded connection is on high adjusting screw 620, and the latter half of collet 650 is provided with annular protruding edge 654, and high adjusting nut dish 630 upper surface has offered the ring channel 631 with protruding edge 654 looks adaptation, ring channel 631 is coaxial with high adjusting screw 620, and collet 650 is pegged graft on the ring channel on high adjusting nut dish 630. The first level 640 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the supporting ruler 100, the second level 660 is fixedly arranged on the top end of the bottom support 650, in this embodiment, the second level 660 is two tubular level bubbles, and when the bottom support 650 rotates, the two tubular level bubbles can rotate to different positions along with the first level to observe whether the bottom support 650 is horizontal or not; level one 640 is a round bubble to see if support ruler 100 is level. The bottom support 650 is provided with a groove 651 for placing the supporting ruler 100, the groove 651 is matched with the supporting ruler 100, the bottom support 650 is provided with a slide 652 penetrating through the side wall of the groove 651, the edge of the end of the slide 652 is provided with a baffle edge 653, the slide 652 is internally provided with an elastic locator 670, and the elastic locator 670 comprises a locating ball 671 and a spring 672 propped against the locating ball 671. The side wall of the supporting ruler 100 is provided with positioning grooves 106 corresponding to the vision holes 102 one by one, and when the part of the positioning ball 671 extending out of the slide rail 652 is clamped into the positioning groove 106, the center line of the three-leg spiral base 610 is exactly coincident with the center of the corresponding vision hole 102. To make the structure more stable, a locking structure, such as a locking bolt, may be provided between the shoe 650 and the height adjustment nut plate 630. Other existing mechanisms may be employed for the leveling mechanism 600 as long as horizontal leveling is achieved.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 1, the component ruler 200 may be a rigid ruler, as shown in fig. 12, a tape measure may be used, a shorter rigid ruler may be used at a place where the curved surface to be measured is close to the reference line, a tape measure may be used at a place where the curved surface to be measured is far from the reference line, a commercially available product may be used as the tape measure, or the tape measure may be integrated into the supporting ruler 100. Because the tape measure has certain flexibility, when the component ruler 200 adopts the tape measure, preferably, when the component ruler 200 is moved, a sight base 500 is arranged at the end part of the component ruler 200, a laser sight 400 is arranged on the supporting ruler 100 or the sliding shooting mechanism 300, and the position of the sight on the quasi-constellation 500 is marked on the curved surface to be measured by the laser emitted by the laser sight 400. As shown in fig. 12-13, in this embodiment, the bottom of the sight glass 500 is a clip structure, which can be clipped at the end of the tape measure, and the top of the sight glass 500 is provided with a hole-shaped sight glass. The laser sight 400 may be fixedly mounted on the support ruler 100, but a plurality of laser sights may be provided or may be provided in a detachable structure, or may be slidably mounted on the support ruler 100 or the sliding photographing mechanism 300. In this embodiment, the laser sight 400 is slidably disposed on the support ruler 100, a slide seat adapted to the chute 103 is disposed on the laser sight 400, the slide groove 103 can be used to slide on the support ruler 100, the aforementioned elastic positioner can also be disposed on the slide seat, and the support ruler 100 is provided with a positioning slot 106 corresponding to the elastic positioner, so as to help a measurer to quickly align the component ruler 200 to be calibrated when moving the laser sight 400. When the laser sight 400 is aligned with the corresponding component ruler 200 and the corresponding component ruler 200 is parallel to the laser light emitted by the laser sight 400, the laser light emitted by the laser sight 400 impinges on the sight of the corresponding alignment constellation 500. In the actual working process, two persons work cooperatively, one person is responsible for moving and starting the laser sight 400, and the other person is responsible for moving the component ruler 200 to the calibration position.
In order to ensure that the component ruler 200 is kept stable in the shooting process, as shown in fig. 14, a clamping mechanism 110 for clamping the component ruler 200 and the component ruler 100 is preferably arranged on the supporting ruler 100, especially when the component ruler 200 adopts a tape measure, in order to avoid the retraction of the tape measure and the influence of the sunken ruler surface on image recognition, it is particularly important to arrange the clamping mechanism 110, in this embodiment, the clamping mechanism 110 comprises a pressing strip 111, a rotating nut 112 and a clamping bolt 113, a clamping groove 104 is arranged on one end face of the supporting ruler 100, the clamping groove 104 penetrates through each ruler hole 101 along the calibration direction of the supporting ruler 100, the pressing strip 111 is positioned in the clamping groove 104 and below the component ruler 200, the clamping bolt 113 is vertically fixed on the pressing strip 111, a nut counter bore 105 is arranged on the upper surface of the supporting ruler 100 corresponding to the clamping bolt 113, a through hole for communicating the clamping groove 104 is arranged in the nut counter bore 105, the clamping bolt 113 penetrates through the through hole and the rotating nut 112, and the rotating nut 112 is positioned in the counter bore 105, thereby not only preventing the influence on the shooting mechanism 300, but also keeping the upper surface of the supporting ruler 100 relatively smooth. Before use, the pressing strip 111 is adjusted to a proper tightness state, so that the supporting ruler 100 can not be driven when the component ruler 200 is moved, the component ruler 200 is relatively stable when the component ruler 200 is loosened, the component ruler 200 can not move relative to the supporting ruler 100 due to inclination of the component ruler 200, the pressing strip 111 can be properly loosened after shooting is finished, and each measuring tape can be automatically retracted. The surface of the molding 111 that contacts the measuring tape 200 is preferably provided with an anti-slip layer. Other structures of the clamping mechanism 110 are possible, as long as each of the component tapes 200 can be pressed. When the rigid ruler is adopted by the component ruler 200, a pressing mechanism is not arranged, and the component ruler can be kept stable only by means of friction force between the component ruler 200 and the inner wall of the ruler hole 101, so that a good use effect can be achieved.
As shown in fig. 2, 5 and 15, the first hinge member 140 and the second hinge member 150 are respectively disposed at two ends of the supporting ruler 100, and when two or more supporting rulers 100 are disposed, two adjacent first hinge members 140 and second hinge members 150 are connected between the two supporting rulers 100 through the supporting shaft 170. The hinge member one 140 and the hinge member two 150 are arranged on the lower side of the supporting ruler 100, when the two supporting rulers 100 are hinged and flattened, the adjacent end faces of the two supporting rulers 100 are propped against each other, so that the two supporting rulers 100 can mutually support when being flattened.
When in use, a plurality of support scales 100 can be continuously arranged according to the length of the datum line, and a corresponding number of leveling mechanisms 600 and supporting devices for supporting the leveling mechanisms 600 are configured for horizontal support. The support means may be adapted according to the measured height and ground conditions, as long as it provides a stable and not easily movable support. Further, the blocking piece 161 is inserted only into the insertion groove 160 of the free end of the supporting ruler 100 at both ends.
This specific example is merely illustrative of the invention and is not intended to be limiting.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a building economy measures and calculates and uses measuring device which characterized in that: the sliding type digital photographing device comprises a supporting ruler (100), a sliding photographing mechanism (300) and a plurality of component rulers (200), wherein a plurality of ruler holes (101) perpendicular to the calibrating direction of the supporting ruler are formed in the side wall of the supporting ruler (100), the ruler holes (101) penetrate through the supporting ruler (100) and are uniformly distributed along the calibrating direction of the supporting ruler (100), the component rulers (200) are slidably arranged in the ruler holes (101), window holes (102) which are in one-to-one correspondence with the ruler holes (101) are formed in the upper surface of the supporting ruler (100), and scales on the component rulers (200) in the corresponding ruler holes (101) can be observed from the window holes (102); the sliding shooting mechanism (300) comprises a sliding seat (310) which is in sliding connection with the supporting ruler (100), an industrial camera (320) and a lighting assembly (330) which are fixedly arranged on the sliding seat (310), the sliding seat (310) slides along the calibration direction of the supporting ruler (100), the shooting direction of the industrial camera (320) and the irradiation direction of the lighting assembly (330) face the upper surface of the supporting ruler (100), and when the sliding shooting mechanism (300) passes through the window hole (102), the component ruler (200) in the window hole (102) is positioned in the shooting range of the industrial camera (320);
The support ruler (100) is provided with screening marks (121), length marks (123) and reference marks (122) which are in one-to-one correspondence with all the window holes (102), the corresponding screening marks (121), the length marks (123), the reference marks (122) and the window holes (102) are identical in relative positions, the reference marks (122) comprise fixed grooves (1221) and movable marking blocks (1222) arranged in the fixed grooves (1221), and at least one complete scale value on the component ruler (200) is exposed in the window holes (102).
2. The measuring device for building economy measurement according to claim 1, wherein: the supporting ruler (100) is provided with a sliding groove (103) parallel to the calibrating direction of the supporting ruler, and the sliding seat (310) is provided with a sliding block (311) matched with the sliding groove (103); the sliding shooting mechanism (300) further comprises a travelling wheel (350) rotatably connected to the sliding seat (310), a driver (360) for driving the travelling wheel (350) to rotate and a storage battery (340), the circumferential surface of the travelling wheel (350) is propped against the supporting ruler (100), and the storage battery (340) supplies power for the industrial camera (320), the lighting assembly (330) and the driver (360).
3. The measuring device for building economy measurement according to claim 2, wherein: the sliding shooting mechanism (300) further comprises a control module, a data storage module, an input module (380) and a display module (390), wherein the data storage module, the input module (380), the display module (390), the industrial camera (320), the lighting assembly (330), the driver (360) and the storage battery (340) are respectively connected with the control module through signals.
4. The measuring device for building economy measurement according to claim 1, wherein: the component ruler (200) is a rigid ruler or a tape measure.
5. The measuring device for building economy measurement according to claim 1, wherein: the end part of the component ruler (200) is provided with a quasi-constellation (500), the supporting ruler (100) or the sliding shooting mechanism (300) is provided with a laser sighting device (400), and laser emitted by the laser sighting device (400) is horizontal and vertical to the calibration direction of the supporting ruler (100); when the component ruler (200) is parallel to the laser light emitted by the laser sight (400), the laser light emitted by the laser sight (400) irradiates on the sight of the corresponding alignment constellation (500).
6. The measuring device for building economy measurement according to claim 1, wherein: the supporting ruler (100) is provided with a clamping mechanism (110) for clamping the component ruler (200) and the supporting ruler (100), the clamping mechanism (110) comprises a pressing strip (111), a rotary nut (112) and a clamping bolt (113), a clamping groove (104) is formed in one end face of the supporting ruler (100), the clamping groove (104) is formed in the calibrating direction of the supporting ruler (100) and penetrates through each ruler hole (101), the pressing strip (111) is located in the clamping groove (104) and located below the component ruler (200), the clamping bolt (113) is vertically fixed on the pressing strip (111), a nut counter bore (105) is formed in the upper surface of the supporting ruler (100) corresponding to the clamping bolt (113), a through hole for communicating the clamping groove (104) is formed in the nut counter bore (105), and the clamping bolt (113) penetrates through the through hole and the rotary nut (112).
7. The measuring device for building economy measurement according to claim 1, wherein: the leveling mechanism (600) is further included, the leveling mechanism (600) comprises a three-leg spiral base (610), a height adjusting screw (620), a height adjusting nut plate (630), a bottom support (650), a first level (640) and a second level (660), the first level (640) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the supporting ruler (100), the second level (660) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the bottom support (650), the height adjusting screw (620) is vertically and fixedly connected to the center of the upper surface of the three-leg spiral base (610), the height adjusting nut plate (630) is in threaded connection with the height adjusting screw (620), the bottom support (650) is inserted on the height adjusting nut plate (630), the bottom support (650) is provided with a groove (651), the groove (651) is matched with the supporting ruler (100), the bottom support (650) is provided with a slide way (652) penetrating through the side wall of the groove (651), the edge of the end of the slide way (652) is provided with a blocking edge (670), a retainer (670) is arranged in the slide way (652), the retainer (670) is provided with an elastic retainer (671) which is in threaded connection with the height adjusting screw (620) on the height adjusting screw, the bottom support (650) is inserted into the bottom support (650) and is provided with a groove (671) and is provided with a positioning ball (671) corresponding to a positioning ball (671) with a positioning ball (671) in a position, when the part of the positioning ball (671) extending out of the slide way (652) is clamped into the positioning groove (106), the center line of the three-leg spiral base (610) coincides with the center of the corresponding viewing window hole (102).
8. The measuring device for building economy measurement according to claim 1, wherein: two ends of the supporting ruler (100) are respectively provided with a first hinge part (140) and a second hinge part (150), and when two or more supporting rulers (100) are arranged, the two supporting rulers (100) are connected with the adjacent first hinge part (140) and the adjacent second hinge part (150) through a supporting shaft (170).
9. A method for measuring a curved wall of a building using the measuring device for measuring building economy according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
S1, planning a measurement point on a curved surface to be measured, determining a plurality of height measurement positions in the vertical direction, determining a plurality of datum lines on the horizontal plane of each height measurement position, and determining the end points of the datum lines or the intersection points of the two datum lines as datum points;
S2, performing first measurement, arranging a supporting ruler (100) along a datum line, moving the supporting ruler (100) to enable at least one window hole (102) to be located right above one datum point, and setting the window hole (102) located right above the datum point as a datum window hole and marking;
S3, measuring and recording horizontal reference information, wherein the horizontal reference information comprises horizontal coordinates of two reference points or horizontal coordinates of one reference point on the reference line and direction coordinates of the reference line;
s4, adjusting the supporting ruler (100) to a preset height measuring position, and adjusting the supporting ruler (100) to be horizontal;
s5, moving each component ruler (200) to enable the end parts of the component rulers to be propped against the curved surface to be measured;
S6, after the sliding shooting mechanism (300) is moved to one end of the supporting ruler (100), the industrial camera (320) starts shooting until the sliding shooting mechanism (300) is moved to the other end of the supporting ruler (100), and the elevation coordinate and the horizontal reference information of the supporting ruler (100) are associated with the video image and stored;
S7, adjusting the supporting ruler (100) to other datum lines or other height measuring positions according to the preset, and adjusting to be horizontal;
s8, repeating the steps S5-S6 until all datum lines and height measuring positions are measured;
S9, processing each video image, and sequentially acquiring a group of data comprising the length value of the supporting ruler (100) and the scale value of the component ruler (200) corresponding to each window hole (102) in the measurement through an image recognition technology;
S10, processing data, calculating according to the length value of the supporting ruler (100) to obtain the linear distance from the corresponding measuring point to one of the datum points, obtaining the vertical distance from the corresponding measuring point to the corresponding datum line according to the scale value of the component ruler (200), and calculating according to the horizontal datum information and the elevation coordinate associated with the vertical distance to obtain the coordinate of the corresponding measuring point;
S11, acquiring coordinates of all the measuring points to obtain shape information of the building curved surface wall.
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| CN102042817A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2011-05-04 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Terrain roughness tester |
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| US3683509A (en) * | 1970-05-18 | 1972-08-15 | Illinois Tool Works | Method and apparatus for checking tool relief angle |
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| US11524410B2 (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2022-12-13 | Hexagon Metrology, Inc. | Robotic alignment method for workpiece measuring systems |
| CN112762790B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-05-10 | 中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所 | Method for measuring crown width in three-dimensional virtual scene |
| CN116385671A (en) * | 2023-01-31 | 2023-07-04 | 西北农林科技大学 | Digital elevation model acquisition method, system, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN116576785A (en) * | 2023-05-08 | 2023-08-11 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | Inner diameter and roundness compound detection system, method, equipment and medium of skeleton oil seal based on machine vision |
| CN117197170B (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2024-02-09 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Method and system for measuring angle of vision of monocular camera |
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| BE776071A (en) * | 1970-12-01 | 1972-03-16 | Siemens Ag | METHOD AND AUXILIARY DEVICE FOR THE AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENT OF LINE THICKNESSES OR GAPS BETWEEN THE EDGES OF SMALL OBJECTS |
| CN102042817A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2011-05-04 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Terrain roughness tester |
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