CN118223858A - Composition and control system of automatic torsion drag reduction control device for well drilling - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a composition and control system of an automatic torsion drag reduction control device for drilling, and relates to the technical field of drilling. The composition and control system of the automatic torsion drag reduction control device for drilling include a drilling tool, wherein a torque feedback signal device is arranged inside the drilling tool, and the torque feedback signal device is used to detect the counter torque received by the drilling tool and upload it to an industrial computer. After receiving the feedback torque signal, the industrial computer analyzes it through a control program and issues a working instruction to the frequency converter torsion control system. Through the cooperation of the drilling tool with a torque feedback signal, the industrial computer and the frequency converter torsion control system, the number of rotations and the torque size when the drilling tool is torsion are accurately grasped, and the purpose of accurate feedback and precise control is achieved, so that the problems of excessive friction and severe support pressure during sliding drilling are effectively solved, the drilling speed and underground safety are improved, and the tool face stability is enhanced, thereby achieving safe and efficient drilling construction.

Description

Composition and control system of an automatic torsional drag reduction control device for drilling

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a composition and control system of an automatic torsion drag reduction control device for drilling.

Background technique

At present, as unconventional oil and gas wells at home and abroad gradually enter large-scale development, long horizontal wells, extended displacement wells, and complex directional wells are being constructed in large quantities. During the drilling process, problems such as large friction torque, severe drilling tool support pressure, and difficulty in sliding guidance are becoming increasingly prominent. To this end, domestic and foreign companies have successively developed their own torsion swing drag reduction systems, that is, in the sliding drilling mode, the top drive is used to swing the drill string back and forth within a safe torque range, so that the upper drill string can make circumferential or tangential reciprocating motions, greatly releasing the friction resistance of the downhole drill string, improving the transmission capacity of drilling pressure, enhancing the stability and accuracy of azimuth control, improving the efficiency of sliding drilling, extending the length of the horizontal section of the horizontal well, and increasing the speed of sliding drilling.

However, the disadvantage of the existing technology is that the closed-loop control is imperfect. Most of them are calculated based on signals such as torque, drilling speed, pump pressure, etc. Some are constructed based on the experience of on-site engineers. Since it is impossible to accurately judge the torque transmission distance, the torsion distance is often too short, which cannot reduce friction and support pressure problems, or the distance is too long, causing the tool face to deviate.

Summary of the invention

In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a composition and control system of an automatic torsion drag reduction control device for drilling, which solves the shortcomings of the existing torsion drag reduction technology, namely, the inability to accurately grasp the number of rotations and torque during torsion, the inability to achieve accurate feedback and precise control, and the inability to effectively solve problems such as excessive friction and severe support pressure when implementing sliding drilling. The present invention reduces support pressure and friction during horizontal drilling and sliding drilling through reasonable design, thereby achieving safe and efficient drilling construction.

To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a composition and control system of an automatic torsional drag reduction control device for drilling, including a drilling tool, wherein a torque feedback signal device is arranged inside the drilling tool, wherein the torque feedback signal device is used to detect the counter torque received by the drilling tool and upload it to an industrial computer, wherein the industrial computer receives the feedback torque signal and analyzes it through a control program and issues a working instruction to a frequency converter torsional control system, wherein the frequency converter torsional control system controls the rotation direction and speed of the drilling tool through the frequency converter after receiving the working instruction;

The torque feedback signal device includes a torque monitoring sensor, a power supply, a control circuit board and a signal generator. The torque feedback signal device converts the torque signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the control circuit board. The control circuit board controls the signal generator to send a torque signal to the industrial computer. The power supply provides electrical energy to the circuit board and the signal generator.

Preferably, the industrial computer has a visual human-machine interface, which includes buffer zone, working zone, and anti-torsion zone parameters. The buffer zone distance and the number of drilling tools are set by the control program of the industrial computer according to the actual parameters fed back. The number of working zone and anti-torsion zone are read by the drilling tool feedback signal.

Preferably, the frequency converter provides electric energy of different power and polarity to the top drive or drill disc of the power mechanism of the drilling tool according to the working instructions of the frequency converter torsion control system.

Preferably, a physical address is provided inside the control circuit board, and the physical address corresponds to the drilling tool one by one.

Preferably, the signal generator has an anti-interference function.

Preferably, the control circuit board has anti-vibration and anti-magnetic functions.

Preferably, the power source includes a battery and a small generator. The small generator uses the rotation of the drill bit to provide power for generating electricity. The battery is used to store the electric energy generated by the small generator and provide electric energy for the circuit board and the signal generator.

Preferably, a signal bridge is provided between the industrial computer and the signal generator.

Preferably, the inverter torsion control system adopts Modbus universal protocol and uses RS485 interface to have high compatibility.

Preferably, the composition of the automatic torsional drag reduction control device for drilling and the workflow of the control system are characterized by comprising the following steps:

Step 1: First, encode the feedback signal of the drilling tool. The number near the drill bit is n, and then the number is incremented by 1 until it reaches the wellhead drilling tool.

Step 2: During operation, the anti-torque torque generated by the downhole power tool on the drilling tool is fed back to the control program in real time, and the control program reasonably selects the buffer zone and simultaneously records the anti-torque transmission position;

Step 3: The industrial computer controls the torsion control system to start the frequency converter, drives the top drive or the turntable to rotate forward, and feeds back the torque signal of the drilling tool in the working area in real time;

Step 4: When the drilling tool touches the buffer zone from the working zone, the industrial computer sends a signal to the torque control system, and the torque control system controls the frequency converter to reverse the top drive or the turntable;

Step 5: When there is no feedback signal from the drilling tool in the working area, it proves that the drilling tool in the working area has returned to normal;

Step 6: Repeat steps 2-5 during sliding drilling to achieve twisting drilling.

The present invention provides a composition and control system of an automatic torsion drag reduction control device for drilling, which has the following beneficial effects:

1. The present invention achieves the purpose of accurately grasping the number of rotations and torque size of the drill tool when it is twisted, and achieving accurate feedback and precise control through the cooperation of the drill tool with torque feedback signal, the industrial computer and the inverter torsion control system, so that the problems of excessive friction and severe support pressure during sliding drilling are effectively solved, the drilling speed and downhole safety are improved, the tool face stability is enhanced, and safe and efficient drilling construction is achieved.

2. The present invention is operated through a visual human-computer interface, and most parameter settings are automatically recognized by the industrial control program of the industrial computer. The well crew can use it after a simple explanation and without training, which achieves the effect of simple operation and easy use, and reduces the cost of learning.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a human-machine interaction interface of an industrial computer of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control flow of a medium frequency converter torsion control system of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

The disadvantage of the existing technology is that the closed-loop control is imperfect. Most of them are calculated based on signals such as torque, drilling speed, pump pressure, etc. Some are constructed based on the experience of on-site engineers. Since it is impossible to accurately judge the torque transmission distance, the torsion distance is often too short, which cannot reduce friction and support pressure, or the distance is too long, causing the tool face to deviate.

The present invention aims to solve the related problems existing in unconventional drilling construction, namely, the inability to accurately grasp the number of rotations and the torque size during twisting, the inability to achieve accurate feedback and precise control, and the inability to effectively solve the problems of excessive friction and severe support pressure when realizing sliding drilling; through reasonable design, the drilling speed and downhole safety are improved, the friction of downhole drill tools is truly reduced, the support pressure is reduced, and the stability of the tool face is enhanced.

Embodiment 1:

As shown in Fig. 1-3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a composition and control system of an automatic torsional drag reduction control device for drilling, including a drilling tool, a torque feedback signal device is arranged inside the drilling tool, the torque feedback signal device is used to detect the reverse torque received by the drilling tool and upload it to an industrial computer, after receiving the feedback torque signal, the industrial computer analyzes it through a control program and issues a working instruction to the inverter torsional control system, after receiving the working instruction, the inverter torsional control system controls the rotation direction and speed of the drilling tool through the inverter;

The torque feedback signal device includes a torque monitoring sensor, a power supply, a control circuit board and a signal generator. The torque feedback signal device converts the torque signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the control circuit board. The control circuit board controls the signal generator to send a torque signal to the industrial computer. The power supply provides electrical energy to the circuit board and the signal generator.

The circuit board of the drilling tool has a corresponding physical address inside. The physical address cannot be encoded. Each drilling tool corresponds one to one. The virtual address can be encoded through an industrial computer. Through the physical address, we can determine the drilling tool and encode the virtual address. When working, the anti-torque torque generated by the downhole power tool on the drilling tool is fed back to the control program in real time. The control program reasonably selects the buffer zone and then issues a working instruction to the frequency converter control system. When the torque in the working area reaches the buffer zone, the top drive can be reversed, thereby realizing precise torsion control and solving related problems during sliding drilling.

For example, the anti-torque zone shows that drill tool N has a feedback signal. The buffer zone is set to 5 drill tool lengths in advance. When the top drive rotates forward, when drill tool No. N+6 sends a feedback signal, it starts to reverse. When all drill tools in the working area have no torque signals, they can start to rotate forward. Since the feedback signal is timely, when the anti-torque zone changes, the system will continue to control according to the real-time situation, thereby solving the drawbacks of existing control problems and achieving precise torsional drilling.

Through the cooperation of the drill tool with torque feedback signal, industrial computer and inverter torsion control system, the number of rotations and torque size of the drill tool during torsion are accurately grasped, and the feedback and control are precise. The problems of excessive friction and severe support pressure during sliding drilling are effectively solved, the drilling speed and downhole safety are improved, the tool face stability is enhanced, and safe and efficient drilling construction is achieved.

The industrial computer has a visual human-machine interface, which includes buffer zone, working zone, and anti-torsion zone parameters. The buffer zone distance and the number of drilling tools are set by the control program of the industrial computer according to the actual parameters fed back. The number of working zone and anti-torsion zone is read by the feedback signal of the drilling tool.

The number of drilling tools in the buffer zone is pre-set, and the number of working area and anti-torsion zone is read by the drilling tool feedback signal. At the beginning, the downhole power tool works, and a feedback signal appears in the anti-torsion zone. The working range of the anti-torsion zone is determined, and the industrial computer controls the torsion control system to send a forward command to the inverter, and the working area starts to feedback the torque signal; when the distance between the two reaches the buffer setting value, the industrial computer controls the torsion control system to send a reverse command to the inverter. When there is no feedback signal in the working area, it proves that the torque in the working area has been released and can start forward rotation, and so on.

It is operated through a visual human-machine interface, and most parameter settings are automatically recognized by the industrial control program of the industrial computer. It only requires a simple explanation and no training for well crew members to use it, achieving the effect of simple operation and easy use, and reducing the cost of learning.

The frequency converter provides electric energy of different power and polarity to the top drive or drill disc of the power mechanism of the drilling tool according to the working instructions of the frequency converter torsion control system.

During the drilling process, it is necessary to achieve fine control of the drilling tools, i.e. torque, speed, direction of rotation, etc. In order to achieve this effect, in addition to the corresponding control program, the corresponding implementation hardware equipment is also required; the frequency converter is an electric power control device that uses frequency conversion technology and microelectronics technology to control the motor by changing the working power frequency of the motor. The frequency converter is mainly composed of rectification (AC to DC), filtering, inversion (DC to AC), braking unit, drive unit, detection unit microprocessor unit, etc. The frequency converter adjusts the output power voltage and frequency by the internal IGBT disconnection, and provides the required power supply voltage according to the actual needs of the motor, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving and speed regulation. In addition, the frequency converter has many protection functions, such as overcurrent, overvoltage, overload protection, etc.; therefore, the control program can achieve fine control of the torque, speed, direction of rotation of the top drive or drill plate by controlling the output parameters of the frequency converter, thereby further realizing the control of the drilling tools to perform drilling work according to the program requirements.

A physical address is set inside the control circuit board, and the physical address corresponds to the drilling tool one by one.

By controlling the one-to-one correspondence between the internal physical address of the circuit board and the drill tool, and correctly binding them in the control system, the control system of the industrial computer can accurately distinguish the drill tool of the feedback data, thereby not only achieving the effect of controlling multiple drill tools at the same time, but also avoiding the confusion caused by using multiple drills at the same time, achieving the effect of synchronously and accurately controlling the simultaneous operation of multiple drill tools, improving practicality and reducing the cost of use.

The signal generator has anti-interference function.

Due to the complexity of the underground environment and the electromagnetic interference generated by high-power equipment, if the signal generator does not have anti-interference function, its signal will be easily interfered when it is sent, which will affect the timeliness and accuracy of the signal received by the industrial computer, and then the control program in the industrial computer will not be able to accurately judge the current torque transmission distance in time, resulting in the torsion distance being too short, unable to reduce friction and support pressure problems, or due to the distance being too long, causing the tool face to deviate and other problems, hindering the progress of drilling.

The control circuit board has anti-vibration and anti-magnetic functions.

When the drilling equipment is running, the drill bit vibrates due to resistance, and there is strong electromagnetic interference in the construction environment. The control circuit board is set in the drill bit, so it is under the same environmental conditions. By implementing anti-vibration and anti-magnetic treatment on the control circuit board, the control circuit board can achieve normal operation in harsh environments, that is, receive the electrical signal converted by the torque sensor and control the signal generator to send it, thereby improving the reliability of the control circuit board.

The power source includes a battery and a small generator. The small generator uses the rotation of the drill bit to provide power for generating electricity. The battery is used to store the electric energy generated by the small generator and provide electric energy for the circuit board and the signal generator.

In order to ensure the normal operation of the circuit board and the signal generator during the drilling process, sufficient power supply is essential. At the same time, because the drilling process is underground, in order to ensure the quality of signal transmission, the signal generator has a high power and consumes a lot of power. It is difficult for a simple battery to meet the needs of long-term operation. Through the setting of a small generator, the drilling tool can rotate while drilling, driving the small generator to rotate and generate electricity, and the generated electricity is supplied to the battery, so that the battery power is continuously replenished, thereby ensuring the supply of electricity during the drilling process.

A signal bridge is arranged between the industrial computer and the signal generator.

Due to the complexity of the underground environment, the signal emitted by the signal generator may be blocked in the transmission path, resulting in signal instability. By setting up a signal bridge between the industrial computer and the signal generator, a stable and smooth path is provided for wireless signal transmission, further improving the timeliness and stability of the signal.

The inverter torsion control system adopts Modbus universal protocol and RS485 interface for high compatibility.

The Modbus protocol is a single-master and multiple-slave protocol. Only one master station is allowed in the same network, and the rest can only be slave stations. Only the master station has the active right to speak, and the slave station can only passively receive data or respond to the master station's request. This feature just meets the situation where the industrial computer controls multiple inverters at the same time. With the one-to-one correspondence between the physical address and the drilling tool, the industrial computer can control the output parameters of multiple inverters corresponding to the drilling tools while receiving feedback data from multiple drilling tools at the same time, truly achieving the effect of one controlling multiple.

By adopting the Modbus general protocol as the communication protocol between the inverter torsion control system and the inverter, and connecting through the conventional universal RS485 interface communication, the inverter torsion control system can be compatible with most inverters and achieve good control effects, thereby improving the universality of the inverter torsion control system and reducing the probability of the inverter torsion control system being unable to be used due to incompatibility between the inverter torsion control system and the inverter.

Embodiment 2:

Based on the above embodiment, this embodiment provides a composition of an automatic torsional drag reduction control device for drilling and a workflow of a control system, including the following steps:

Step 1: First, encode the feedback signal of the drilling tool. The number near the drill bit is n, and then the number is incremented by 1 until it reaches the wellhead drilling tool.

Step 2: During operation, the anti-torque torque generated by the downhole power tool on the drilling tool is fed back to the control program in real time, and the control program reasonably selects the buffer zone and simultaneously records the anti-torque transmission position;

Step 3: The industrial computer controls the torsion control system to start the frequency converter, drives the top drive or the turntable to rotate forward, and feeds back the torque signal of the drilling tool in the working area in real time;

Step 4: When the drilling tool touches the buffer zone from the working zone, the industrial computer sends a signal to the torque control system, and the torque control system controls the frequency converter to reverse the top drive or the turntable;

Step 5: When there is no feedback signal from the drilling tool in the working area, it proves that the drilling tool in the working area has returned to normal;

Step 6: Repeat steps 2-5 during sliding drilling to achieve twisting drilling.

Most of the above work processes are completed by the control programs and algorithms in the industrial computer. The entire drilling process can be completed with simple operations by the well crew. It is intuitive, clear, easy to learn and understand, which not only reduces the cost of learning, but also avoids man-made accidents caused by excessive manual operations. Both ease of use and safety are reflected.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A composition and control system of an automatic torsional drag reduction control device for drilling, comprising a drilling tool, characterized in that: a torque feedback signal device is arranged inside the drilling tool, the torque feedback signal device is used to detect the counter torque received by the drilling tool and upload it to an industrial computer, the industrial computer receives the feedback torque signal and analyzes it through a control program and issues a working instruction to a frequency converter torsional control system, and the frequency converter torsional control system controls the rotation direction and speed of the drilling tool through the frequency converter after receiving the working instruction; The torque feedback signal device includes a torque monitoring sensor, a power supply, a control circuit board and a signal generator. The torque feedback signal device converts the torque signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the control circuit board. The control circuit board controls the signal generator to send a torque signal to the industrial computer. The power supply provides electrical energy to the circuit board and the signal generator. 2. The composition and control system of an automatic torsional drag reduction control device for drilling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the industrial computer has a visual human-computer interface, and the visual human-computer interface includes buffer zone, working zone, and anti-torsion zone parameters. The buffer zone is set by the control program of the industrial computer according to the actual parameters fed back to set the buffer zone distance and the number of drilling tools, and the working zone and the number of anti-torsion zones are read by the drilling tool feedback signal. 3. The composition and control system of an automatic torsional drag reduction control device for drilling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the frequency converter provides electrical energy of different power and polarity to the top drive or drill disc of the power mechanism of the drilling tool according to the working instructions of the frequency converter torsional control system. 4. The composition and control system of an automatic torsional drag reduction control device for drilling according to claim 1 is characterized in that a physical address is set inside the control circuit board, and the physical address corresponds to the drilling tool one by one. 5. The composition and control system of an automatic torsional drag reduction control device for drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the signal generator has an anti-interference function. 6. The composition and control system of an automatic torsional drag reduction control device for drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that the control circuit board has anti-vibration and anti-magnetic functions. 7. The composition and control system of an automatic torsional drag reduction control device for drilling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the power supply includes a battery and a small generator, the small generator uses the rotation of the drill bit to provide power for generating electricity, and the battery is used to store the electric energy generated by the small generator and provide electric energy for the circuit board and the signal generator. 8. The composition and control system of an automatic torsional drag reduction control device for drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that a signal bridge is provided between the industrial computer and the signal generator. 9. The composition and control system of an automatic torsional drag reduction control device for drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that the inverter torsional control system adopts the Modbus universal protocol and uses an RS485 interface to have high compatibility. 10. The composition and control system workflow of the automatic torsional drag reduction control device for drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is characterized in that it includes the following steps: Step 1: First, encode the feedback signal of the drilling tool. The number near the drill bit is n, and then the number is incremented by 1 until it reaches the wellhead drilling tool. Step 2: During operation, the anti-torque torque generated by the downhole power tool on the drilling tool is fed back to the control program in real time, and the control program reasonably selects the buffer zone and simultaneously records the anti-torque transmission position; Step 3: The industrial computer controls the torsion control system to start the frequency converter, drives the top drive or the turntable to rotate forward, and feeds back the torque signal of the drilling tool in the working area in real time; Step 4: When the drilling tool touches the buffer zone from the working zone, the industrial computer sends a signal to the torque control system, and the torque control system controls the frequency converter to reverse the top drive or the turntable; Step 5: When there is no feedback signal from the drilling tool in the working area, it proves that the drilling tool in the working area has returned to normal; Step 6: Repeat steps 2-5 during sliding drilling to achieve twisting drilling.