CN118222813A - Spring steel wire with self-lubricating surface and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Spring steel wire with self-lubricating surface and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118222813A CN118222813A CN202410390075.9A CN202410390075A CN118222813A CN 118222813 A CN118222813 A CN 118222813A CN 202410390075 A CN202410390075 A CN 202410390075A CN 118222813 A CN118222813 A CN 118222813A
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- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001632 barium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/08—Cleaning involving contact with liquid the liquid having chemical or dissolving effect
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
- B21C37/042—Manufacture of coated wire or bars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
- B21C37/047—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire of fine wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
- C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/525—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length for wire, for rods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
- C21D9/68—Furnace coilers; Hot coilers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wire Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a spring steel wire with a self-lubricating surface and a manufacturing method thereof. The cross section of the spring steel wire is of an annular layered structure, and an outer surface oxide layer, a subsurface self-lubricating layer and a steel wire matrix are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; the secondary surface self-lubricating layer is an epitaxial surface layer of the steel wire matrix, is full of micropores formed by shot blasting pore forming and is pressed with a lubricating phase in the micropores; the outer surface oxide layer is an outer lubricating protective layer which is formed by quenching-tempering the formed steel wire and wraps the periphery of the subsurface self-lubricating layer. The surface oxide layer and the secondary surface self-lubricating layer of the spring steel wire coil spring can automatically provide uninterrupted lubrication for the surface of the spring steel wire in succession before the surface oxide layer and the secondary surface self-lubricating layer, ensure that the surface of the spring steel wire is always in a self-lubricating state in the process of coiling the spring, effectively reduce friction coefficient, reduce surface abrasion, reduce coiling resistance, prolong the fatigue life of the coiled spring, improve the qualification rate of the spring, improve coiling efficiency and reduce the production cost of the spring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal products, and in particular relates to a spring steel wire with a self-lubricating surface and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
At present, a cold rolling method is commonly adopted in spring production, namely, spring manufacturers purchase heat-treated quenched-tempered steel wires and then roll the quenched-tempered steel wires into springs with specified shapes through a spring coiling machine. As the coiling speed of spring coiling machines increases, lubrication during coiling becomes more important. During the spring rolling process, the friction between the wire and the profiled rail is sliding friction, whereas conventional oil quenched tempered spring wire relies solely on the outer surface oxide layer formed during the heat treatment to provide lubrication. The outer surface oxide layer belongs to a brittle phase, can be peeled off from the surface of the steel wire after slight deformation, can only provide lubrication at the rolling front section, and can directly contact with a forming guide rail at the deformed end section under the non-lubrication condition, so that abrasion and scratch of the surface of the steel wire are extremely easy to cause, the fatigue life of a spring is influenced, even early fracture is caused, and the outer surface oxide layer formed in the oil quenching tempering stage also tends to be partially peeled off at the quenching section, so that reliable lubrication in the rolling process cannot be provided by simply relying on the outer surface oxide layer, and particularly under the condition of quick strand feeding.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention addresses the above-described deficiencies of the prior art by providing a spring steel wire having a self-lubricating surface and a method of making the same. When the spring steel wire is used for rolling the spring, the outer surface oxidation layer and the secondary surface self-lubricating layer can automatically provide uninterrupted lubrication for the surface of the spring steel wire in a front-to-back manner, ensure that the surface of the spring steel wire is always in a self-lubricating state in the spring rolling process, and can effectively reduce friction coefficient, surface abrasion and rolling resistance, thereby greatly prolonging the fatigue life of the rolled spring, improving the spring qualification rate, improving the rolling efficiency and reducing the production cost of the spring.
The object of the invention can be achieved by the following steps:
The cross section of the spring steel wire with the self-lubricating surface is of an annular layered structure, and the cross section of the spring steel wire with the self-lubricating surface is sequentially provided with an outer surface oxide layer, a subsurface self-lubricating layer and a steel wire matrix from outside to inside; the outer surface oxide layer is an annular outer lubricating protective layer formed by oxides; the secondary surface self-lubricating layer is an epitaxial surface layer of the steel wire matrix, and micropores with inner cavities filled with lubricating phases are distributed on the secondary surface self-lubricating layer.
The lubricating phase is any one or a mixture of a plurality of graphite, moS 2, HBN and eutectic CaF 2/BaF2.
The manufacturing method of the spring steel wire with the self-lubricating surface is realized through the following steps:
A. Acid pickling and phosphating: carrying out pickling and phosphating pretreatment on the spring steel wire rod;
B. Paying-off drawing: placing the steel wire rod subjected to acid pickling and phosphating into an active paying-off device, and paying out the straightened steel wire through a paying-off guide wheel; sequentially penetrating the paying-off steel wire through a plurality of drawing dies to draw the steel wire into a formed steel wire with a required shape and a required size;
C. And (3) shot blasting and pore forming: penetrating the drawn formed steel wire from the inner cavity of the shot blasting machine, performing shot blasting and pore forming on the epitaxial surface layer of the formed steel wire, wherein micropores are distributed on the epitaxial surface layer of the formed steel wire after shot blasting treatment;
D. Pressing in a lubricating phase: the formed steel wire after shot blasting and pore forming continuously moves forward to pass through a lubricating phase box filled with a lubricating phase, and the lubricating phase is extruded into micropores after extrusion by a rear extrusion die, so that the epitaxial surface layer of the formed steel wire is changed into a subsurface self-lubricating layer with micropores fully distributed on the surface and lubricating phase filled in the inner cavities of the micropores; the inside of the formed steel wire, which is wrapped by the subsurface self-lubricating layer, is a steel wire matrix;
E. And (3) heat treatment oxidation: quenching-tempering the formed steel wire pressed into the lubricating phase to form a secondary surface self-lubricating layer, forming an outer surface oxide layer on the periphery of the secondary surface self-lubricating layer after heat treatment, and obtaining the spring steel wire with the self-lubricating surface at the moment, wherein the outer surface oxide layer of the obtained spring steel wire can provide primary lubrication at the cold rolling deformation initial section of the coiled spring, and the outer surface oxide layer with brittleness gradually drops along with the deformation of the steel wire to fail; meanwhile, the secondary surface self-lubricating layer containing lubricating phase is influenced by deformation stress and deformation heat, the solid lubricating phase spontaneously forms a continuous lubricating phase film, and the surface of the spring steel wire is continuously lubricated by replacing the outer surface oxide layer, so that the surface of the spring steel wire is always in a self-lubricating state in the spring coiling process;
F. Winding and coiling: the obtained spring steel wire with the self-lubricating surface is wound up into a coil by a winding machine.
The design principle of the invention is as follows:
The cross section of the spring steel wire is of an annular layered structure, and an outer surface oxide layer, a subsurface self-lubricating layer and a steel wire matrix are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; the secondary surface self-lubricating layer is an epitaxial surface layer of the steel wire matrix, is full of micropores formed by shot blasting and pore forming, and is pressed with a lubricating phase in the micropores; the outer surface oxide layer is an outer lubricating protective layer which is formed by quenching-tempering the formed steel wire which is pressed into the lubricating phase to form a secondary surface self-lubricating layer and wraps the periphery of the secondary surface self-lubricating layer. When the spring steel wire is used for rolling the spring, the outer surface oxide layer of the spring steel wire can provide primary lubrication at the cold rolling deformation initial section of the rolled spring, and the outer surface oxide layer with brittleness gradually drops along with the deformation of the steel wire to fail; meanwhile, the secondary surface self-lubricating layer containing the lubricating phase is influenced by deformation stress and deformation heat, the solid lubricating phase spontaneously forms a continuous lubricating phase film, the outer surface oxide layer is replaced to continuously lubricate the surface of the spring steel wire, the surface of the spring steel wire is always in a self-lubricating state in the spring rolling process, the friction coefficient can be effectively reduced, the surface abrasion is reduced, the rolling resistance is reduced, the fatigue life of the rolled spring is greatly prolonged, the spring qualification rate is improved, the rolling efficiency is improved, and the production cost of the spring is reduced.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
When the spring steel wire is used for rolling the spring, the outer surface oxidation layer and the secondary surface self-lubricating layer can automatically provide uninterrupted lubrication for the surface of the spring steel wire in a front-to-back manner, ensure that the surface of the spring steel wire is always in a self-lubricating state in the spring rolling process, and can effectively reduce friction coefficient, surface abrasion and rolling resistance, thereby greatly prolonging the fatigue life of the rolled spring, improving the spring qualification rate, improving the rolling efficiency and reducing the production cost of the spring.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the cross-section of the spring wire of the present invention after being partially expanded.
Fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the self-lubrication of the spring wire during coiling of the spring according to the invention.
FIG. 4 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) morphology of the subsurface self-lubricating layer after pressing into the lubricating phase in an embodiment of the invention.
Figure 5 is an XRD phase analysis of an example of the present invention after formation of an external surface oxide layer.
Number in the figure: 1. an outer surface oxide layer, 2, a subsurface self-lubricating layer, 3, a steel wire matrix, 4, micropores, 5, a lubricating phase, 6, a lubricating phase film, 7 and a forming guide rail.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the cross section of the spring steel wire with the self-lubricating surface is of an annular layered structure, and the cross section of the spring steel wire with the self-lubricating surface is sequentially provided with an outer surface oxide layer 1, a subsurface self-lubricating layer 2 and a steel wire matrix 3 from outside to inside; the outer surface oxide layer 1 is an annular outer lubricating protective layer formed by oxides; the secondary surface self-lubricating layer 2 is an epitaxial surface layer of the steel wire matrix, and micropores 4 with inner cavities filled with lubricating phases 5 are distributed in the secondary surface self-lubricating layer 2.
The lubricating phase 5 is any one or a mixture of a plurality of graphite, moS 2, HBN and eutectic CaF 2/BaF2.
The manufacturing method of the spring steel wire with the self-lubricating surface is realized through the following steps:
A. Acid pickling and phosphating: carrying out pickling and phosphating pretreatment on the spring steel wire rod;
B. Paying-off drawing: placing the steel wire rod subjected to acid pickling and phosphating into an active paying-off device, and paying out the straightened steel wire through a paying-off guide wheel; sequentially penetrating the paying-off steel wire through a plurality of drawing dies to draw the steel wire into a formed steel wire with a required shape and a required size;
C. And (3) shot blasting and pore forming: penetrating the drawn formed steel wire from the inner cavity of the shot blasting machine, performing shot blasting and pore forming on the epitaxial surface layer of the formed steel wire, wherein micropores 4 are distributed on the epitaxial surface layer of the formed steel wire after shot blasting treatment;
D. Pressing in a lubricating phase: the formed steel wire after shot blasting and pore forming continuously moves forward to pass through a lubricating phase box provided with a lubricating phase 5, and the lubricating phase 5 is extruded into the micropores 4 after being extruded by a rear extrusion die, so that the epitaxial surface layer of the formed steel wire is changed into a subsurface self-lubricating layer 2 with the micropores 4 distributed on the surface and the lubricating phase 5 filled in the inner cavity of the micropores 4; the inside of the formed steel wire, which is wrapped by the subsurface self-lubricating layer 2, is a steel wire matrix 3;
E. And (3) heat treatment oxidation: quenching-tempering the formed steel wire pressed into the lubricating phase to form a secondary surface self-lubricating layer 2, forming an outer surface oxide layer 1 on the periphery of the secondary surface self-lubricating layer 2 after heat treatment, and obtaining a spring steel wire with a self-lubricating surface at the moment, wherein the outer surface oxide layer 1 of the obtained spring steel wire can provide primary lubrication at the cold rolling deformation initial section of a coiled spring, and the outer surface oxide layer 1 with brittleness gradually drops along with the deformation of the steel wire to fail; meanwhile, the secondary surface self-lubricating layer 2 containing the lubricating phase 5 is influenced by deformation stress and deformation heat, the solid lubricating phase spontaneously forms a continuous lubricating phase film 6, and the surface oxide layer is replaced to continuously lubricate the surface of the spring steel wire, so that the surface of the spring steel wire is always in a self-lubricating state in the spring coiling process;
F. Winding and coiling: the obtained spring steel wire with the self-lubricating surface is wound up into a coil by a winding machine.
The invention is further described in connection with one embodiment below:
The steps of this embodiment are as follows:
A. Acid pickling and phosphating: carrying out pickling and phosphating pretreatment on a spring steel wire rod with the diameter of 8.0 and the mark of 55 SiCr;
B. Paying-off drawing: placing the steel wire rod subjected to acid pickling and phosphating into an active paying-off device, and paying out the straightened steel wire through a paying-off guide wheel; sequentially penetrating the paid-out steel wire through a drawing die to draw the steel wire into a formed steel wire with a circular diameter of 4.5;
C. And (3) shot blasting and pore forming: carrying out shot blasting and pore forming on the epitaxial surface layer of the drawn formed steel wire by adopting a 4-way expansion shot blasting machine and shot grains with the diameter of 0.2mm, wherein micropores 4 are distributed on the epitaxial surface layer of the formed steel wire after shot blasting;
D. Pressing in a lubricating phase: the formed steel wire after shot blasting and pore forming continuously moves forward to pass through a lubricating phase box, and the lubricating phase box is internally provided with a lubricating phase box with the following volume ratio of 1:2:2:5, graphite, moS2, HBN, a lubricating phase 5 composed of a eutectic CaF2/BaF2 mixture; the formed steel wire moves forward and then penetrates into an extrusion die with the specification of 4.0, the lubrication phase 5 is extruded into the micropores 4 after being extruded by the extrusion die, so that the epitaxial surface layer of the formed steel wire is changed into a subsurface self-lubrication layer 2 with the surface being fully distributed with the micropores 4, the inner cavity of the micropores 4 is filled with the lubrication phase 5, and a scanning electron microscope morphological diagram of the subsurface self-lubrication layer after being pressed into the lubrication phase is shown in fig. 4 in detail; the inside of the formed steel wire, which is wrapped by the subsurface self-lubricating layer 2, is a steel wire matrix 3;
E. And (3) heat treatment oxidation: heating the steel wire after extruding the lubricant to 850 ℃ for 7min to austenitize and form an oxide layer, then entering quenching oil to cool to room temperature, and then tempering at 460 ℃; the thickness of the formed outer surface oxide layer 1 is 3.4-5.8um, and the XRD phase analysis chart is shown in figure 5 in detail; at this time, a spring steel wire with a self-lubricating surface is obtained, namely, the outer surface oxide layer 1 of the obtained spring steel wire can provide primary lubrication at the cold rolling deformation initial section of the coiled spring, and the outer surface oxide layer 1 with brittleness gradually falls off to fail along with the deformation of the steel wire; meanwhile, the secondary surface self-lubricating layer 2 containing the lubricating phase 5 is influenced by deformation stress and deformation heat, the solid lubricating phase spontaneously forms a continuous lubricating phase film 6, and the surface oxide layer is replaced to continuously lubricate the surface of the spring steel wire, so that the surface of the spring steel wire is always in a self-lubricating state in the spring coiling process;
F. Winding and coiling: the obtained spring steel wire with the self-lubricating surface is wound up into a coil by a winding machine.
Through the practical verification of clients, the spring steel wire finished product obtained by the method is rolled into a spring, the surface is free from serious scratch, the qualification rate of the spring is greatly improved, the rolling efficiency is also obviously improved, the production cost of the spring is greatly reduced, the service life of the formed guide rail 7 is prolonged by 2-3 times, and the self-lubricating effect is good.
The examples described above are intended to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, and the parameters are not limiting of the invention. The common structures not related to the present invention in the embodiments are not specifically pointed out, and modifications made by the skilled person based on the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A spring steel wire having a self-lubricating surface, characterized in that: the cross section of the spring steel wire is of an annular layered structure, and an outer surface oxidation layer (1), a subsurface self-lubricating layer (2) and a steel wire matrix (3) are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; the outer surface oxide layer (1) is an annular outer lubricating protective layer formed by oxides; the secondary surface self-lubricating layer (2) is an epitaxial surface layer of the steel wire matrix, and micropores (4) with inner cavities filled with lubricating phases (5) are distributed in the secondary surface self-lubricating layer (2).
2. A spring steel wire with self-lubricating surface as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the lubricating phase (5) is any one or a mixture of a plurality of graphite, moS 2, HBN and eutectic CaF 2/BaF2.
3. A method for manufacturing the spring wire with self-lubricating surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: the process is realized by the following steps:
A. Acid pickling and phosphating: carrying out pickling and phosphating pretreatment on the spring steel wire rod;
B. Paying-off drawing: placing the steel wire rod subjected to acid pickling and phosphating into an active paying-off device, and paying out the straightened steel wire through a paying-off guide wheel; sequentially penetrating the paying-off steel wire through a plurality of drawing dies to draw the steel wire into a formed steel wire with a required shape and a required size;
C. And (3) shot blasting and pore forming: penetrating the drawn formed steel wire from the inner cavity of the shot blasting machine, performing shot blasting and pore forming on the epitaxial surface layer of the formed steel wire, wherein micropores (4) are distributed on the epitaxial surface layer of the formed steel wire after shot blasting treatment;
D. Pressing in a lubricating phase: the formed steel wire after shot blasting and pore forming continuously moves forward to pass through a lubricating phase box provided with a lubricating phase (5), and the lubricating phase (5) is extruded into the micropores (4) after extrusion by a rear extrusion die, so that the epitaxial surface layer of the formed steel wire is changed into a subsurface self-lubricating layer (2) with the micropores (4) fully distributed on the surface and the lubricating phase (5) filled in the inner cavities of the micropores (4); the inside of the formed steel wire, which is wrapped by the subsurface self-lubricating layer (2), is a steel wire matrix (3);
E. And (3) heat treatment oxidation: quenching-tempering the formed steel wire pressed into the lubricating phase to form a secondary surface self-lubricating layer (2), forming an outer surface oxide layer (1) on the periphery of the secondary surface self-lubricating layer (2) after heat treatment, and obtaining the spring steel wire with a self-lubricating surface at the moment, wherein the obtained outer surface oxide layer (1) of the spring steel wire can provide primary lubrication at the cold rolling deformation initial section of the coiled spring, and the outer surface oxide layer (1) with brittleness gradually drops along with the deformation of the steel wire to fail; meanwhile, the secondary surface self-lubricating layer (2) containing the lubricating phase (5) is influenced by deformation stress and deformation heat, the solid lubricating phase spontaneously forms a continuous lubricating phase film (6) to replace an outer surface oxide layer to continuously lubricate the surface of the spring steel wire, and the surface of the spring steel wire is always in a self-lubricating state in the spring coiling process;
F. Winding and coiling: the obtained spring steel wire with the self-lubricating surface is wound up into a coil by a winding machine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410390075.9A CN118222813A (en) | 2024-04-02 | 2024-04-02 | Spring steel wire with self-lubricating surface and manufacturing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410390075.9A CN118222813A (en) | 2024-04-02 | 2024-04-02 | Spring steel wire with self-lubricating surface and manufacturing method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118222813A true CN118222813A (en) | 2024-06-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410390075.9A Pending CN118222813A (en) | 2024-04-02 | 2024-04-02 | Spring steel wire with self-lubricating surface and manufacturing method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118222813A (en) |
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2024
- 2024-04-02 CN CN202410390075.9A patent/CN118222813A/en active Pending
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