CN118203286A - Endoscope structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an endoscope structure, which comprises a handle and a sheath tube, wherein an internal channel is penetrated in the sheath tube, the handle is rotatably connected with the sheath tube, an instrument connector is fixedly arranged on the handle, an instrument channel used for communicating with the outside of the handle is arranged in the instrument connector, the instrument connector is rotatably connected with the sheath tube, and the instrument channel is communicated with the internal channel. The endoscope structure can compensate the rotation angle of the wrist through rotating the thumb wheel, thereby achieving the purpose of rotating the distal end direction of the sheath tube and avoiding the torsional deformation of the sheath tube.

Description

An endoscope structure

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular to an endoscope structure.

Background technique

An endoscope is a commonly used medical device, including a handle and an insertion channel. The handle controls an insertion tube to enter the body through a natural orifice of the human body or a channel formed by surgery.

The handle is provided with a connecting channel and an instrument channel for the insertion tube to pass through. The instrument channel is used for the entry and exit of various medical instruments such as biopsy forceps and guide wires.

In the prior art, endoscopes usually use a wire rope to pull the snake-bend turning to achieve the bending of the head end. When the user operates the endoscope, the handle is driven by the rotation of the wrist to rotate the lens at the head end, but due to the limited rotation angle of the wrist, it cannot rotate a full circle. And if the pipe outside the handle is twisted directly, it will inevitably cause the pipe to twist, thereby damaging the pipe, and will also reduce the passing area inside the pipe, making it impossible for medical devices to pass. Although the rotating knob in patent CN214157255U can drive the hard sheath to rotate, the rotation of the hard sheath will drive the rotation of the instrument connector, causing the pipe to twist. At this time, the dial wheel will rotate relative to the instrument connector, causing damage to the medical device.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome at least one of the defects of the prior art described above, an object of the present invention is to provide an endoscope structure to solve the problem in the prior art that when the endoscope is rotated, the pipe is twisted so that the instrument cannot pass through.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the problem is: an endoscope structure, including a handle and a sheath, the handle is provided with a rotatable thumbwheel, the thumbwheel and the sheath are fixed to each other, the handle is fixedly provided with an instrument connector, the instrument connector includes a connector joint, and a connecting catheter connected to the connector joint; the distal end of the connecting catheter is provided with a straight tube section, the straight tube section is rotatably connected to the thumbwheel, and the central axis of the straight tube section and the rotation central axis of the thumbwheel are located on the same straight line.

Optionally, the connecting conduit is a linear structure or a non-linear structure; when the connecting conduit is a non-linear structure, at least one section of the distal end of the connecting conduit is a straight tube section.

Optionally, a rotating joint is provided in the thumbwheel, and the rotating joint connects the connecting catheter and the inner tube, wherein the rotating joint, the sheath tube and the thumbwheel are coaxially arranged.

Optionally, the handle is rotatably connected to the sheath, the instrument connector is rotatably connected to the sheath, the connector joint and the interior of the connecting catheter form an instrument channel connected to the outside, the sheath forms an internal channel, and the instrument channel is connected to the internal channel through the rotating joint.

Optionally, a connecting channel is formed in the rotary joint, and the internal channel, the connecting channel and the instrument channel are connected in sequence, wherein the instrument channel passes through the straight pipe section, and the straight pipe section is partially or fully inserted into the connecting channel so that the connecting channel is connected to the instrument channel.

Optionally, the rotary joint is provided with a connecting hole connected to the connecting channel, a sealing ring is further provided in the connecting hole, the straight pipe section of the instrument connector is connected to the connecting hole, and the sealing ring is used to seal the gap between the straight pipe section of the instrument connector and the connecting hole.

Optionally, a rotation groove is provided in the handle, and a rotation protrusion that cooperates with the rotation groove is provided on the dial wheel.

Optionally, a limiting groove is further provided outside the thumbwheel, a limiting protrusion is provided on the handle, an elastic damping member is further provided in the limiting groove, and the limiting protrusion is located in the limiting groove and squeezes the elastic damping member.

Optionally, a first zero point positioning protrusion is provided on the handle, and a second zero point positioning protrusion is provided outside the dial wheel at a position corresponding to the first zero point positioning protrusion.

Optionally, a zero-point groove is provided in the handle, and an elastic protrusion capable of cooperating with the zero-point groove is fixed on the dial wheel.

Optionally, the elastic protrusion is arranged on the elastic spring sheet, and an arc-shaped transition structure is also arranged in the handle, and one transition structure is arranged on both sides of the circumferential direction of the zero point groove respectively. When the elastic protrusion moves along the transition structure toward the zero point groove as the dial wheel rotates, the transition structure can gradually compress the elastic spring sheet.

It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages and positive effects:

By placing the central axis of the straight tube section and the rotation central axis of the thumbwheel on the same straight line, the thumbwheel can be prevented from rotating or twisting the instrument connector relative to the instrument connector, thereby reducing the impact on the medical device inside the instrument connector.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of an endoscope structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the A-A plane in Fig. 1;

FIG3 is a second structural schematic diagram of an endoscope structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the B-B plane in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the C-C plane in Fig. 3;

Fig. 6a is an enlarged view of portion D in Fig. 4;

FIG. 6 b is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure in FIG. 6 a .

FIG. 6c is a schematic diagram of another part of the structure in FIG. 6a .

FIG. 6d is a schematic diagram of another part of the structure in FIG. 6a .

The meanings of the reference numerals are as follows:

1. Handle; 101. Rotation groove; 102. Limiting protrusion; 103. First shell; 104. Second shell; 105. First zero point positioning protrusion; 106. Zero point groove; 107. Transition structure; 108. Limiting rib; 1081. Limiting groove; 2. Sheath; 200. Internal channel; 201. Inner tube; 202. Outer tube; 203. Controllable snake bone segment; 204. Passive bending segment; 3. Instrument connector; 300. Instrument channel; 301. Connector joint; 302. Connecting catheter; 3021. Straight Pipe section; 4, dial wheel; 400, connecting channel; 401, connecting hole; 402, first limit block; 4021, slot; 403, second limit block; 4031, connecting through hole; 404, rotating protrusion; 405, limit groove; 406, second zero point positioning protrusion; 407, elastic protrusion; 5, sealing ring; 6, rotating joint; 7, elastic damping member; 8, elastic spring; 9, control member; 10, first traction line; 11, second traction line; 13, limit member; 1301, wire groove; M, center line.

Detailed ways

For better understanding and implementation, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "far", "near" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. Specifically, the "distal end" herein refers to a position away from the operator, and the "proximal end" refers to a position close to the operator.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4 , the present invention discloses an endoscope structure, including a handle 1 and a sheath tube 2, wherein the handle 1 is rotatably connected to the sheath tube 2, a thumbwheel 4 is rotatably provided on the handle 1, the thumbwheel 4 and the sheath tube 2 are fixed to each other, an instrument connector 3 is fixedly provided on the handle 1, the instrument connector 3 is rotatably connected to the sheath tube 2, and the instrument connector 3 includes a connector joint 301 and a connecting catheter 302 connected to the connector joint 301. A straight tube section 3021 is formed at the distal end of the connecting catheter 302 to connect with the thumbwheel 4, and the central axis of the straight tube section 3021 and the rotation central axis of the thumbwheel 4 are located on the same straight line (i.e., the central line M of FIGS. 6a , 6b , 6c and 6d ). It should be understood that the straight tube section 3021 is a part of the connecting catheter 302.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG4 , the connector joint 301 is partially exposed outside the handle 1 and partially inside the handle. However, the connector joint 301 may also be completely exposed outside the handle, and the present disclosure does not impose any specific limitation thereto.

It should be understood that, as shown in Figure 1, the sheath tube 2 is connected to the handle 1 in sequence from the distal end to the proximal end. In addition, although in some embodiments, the internal channel 200 penetrates the sheath tube 2 in the direction from the proximal end to the distal end, the present disclosure does not limit the direction and position of the penetration. For example, in some embodiments, the distal opening of the internal channel 200 is not located at the farthest end (such as the head end or the pioneer part) of the sheath tube 2, but is located on the side wall of the sheath tube 2 near the far end. In general, the farthest end of the sheath tube 2 is mainly used to install equipment such as optical sensors to capture images.

It should be noted that, since the thumbwheel 4 and the handle 1 are rotatable with each other, and the instrument connector 3 is fixedly arranged on the handle 1, the instrument connector 3 and the thumbwheel 4 are rotatable with each other. In the above scheme, the central axis of the straight tube section 3021 and the rotation central axis of the thumbwheel 4 are co-located on the center line M to prevent the thumbwheel 4 from rotating relative to the instrument connector 3, driving the instrument connector 3 to rotate or twist the instrument connector 3, so as to reduce the impact on the medical device inside the instrument connector 3.

Optionally, the connecting conduit 302 is a linear structure or a non-linear structure. When the connecting conduit is a non-linear structure, at least one section of the distal end of the connected conduit is a straight tube section. It should be noted that there are many types of non-linear structures, such as arc-shaped structures, bent structures, etc., which are not specifically limited in the present disclosure. The linear structure can be understood as a structure extending in a single direction. The non-linear structure refers to a structure other than the linear structure.

Specifically, referring to Figures 4, 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d, the connector joint 301 and the connecting catheter 302 form an instrument channel 300 that is connected to the outside world. The instrument channel 300 passes through the straight pipe section 3021. The dial wheel 4 is provided with a connecting channel 400. The straight pipe section 3021 is partially or completely inserted into the connecting channel 400 so that the connecting channel 400 is connected to the instrument channel 300.

Specifically, one end of the connecting conduit 302 is fixed to the connector joint 301, and the other end of the connecting conduit 302 is formed with a straight tube section 3021. Since the straight tube section 3021 is partially or completely inserted into the connecting channel 400, the connecting channel 400 is connected to the instrument channel 300.

Since the straight tube section 3021 is partially or completely inserted into the connecting channel 400, when the thumbwheel 4 rotates relative to the handle 1, the thumbwheel 4 and the connecting channel 400 of the thumbwheel 4 rotate around the portion where the straight tube section 3021 is inserted into the connecting channel 400. At this time, since the connecting channel 400 and the straight tube section 3021 still extend along the center line M after the rotation, the medical device located inside the connecting channel 400 and the instrument channel 300 will not rotate along with the connecting channel 400 to cause damage.

Optionally, the portion of the connecting conduit 302 inserted into the connecting channel 400 is a rigid circular tube structure. Specifically, the connecting conduit 302 is a rigid circular tube structure. Since the connecting conduit 302 has a certain rigidity, when the thumbwheel 4 rotates around the connecting conduit 302, the connecting conduit 302 is not easily deformed by force, so as to better protect the medical device inside the connecting conduit 302.

The connection between the connecting conduit 302 and the connector joint 301 is not limited to bonding, snap connection or connection through a common fixing structure in the prior art.

In some embodiments, the instrument connector 3 may also be integrally formed with the handle 1 .

Specifically, the internal channel 200 is connected to the instrument channel 300 through the connecting channel 400, and the connecting channel 400 and the instrument channel 300 can rotate with each other, and when the instrument connector 3 and the sheath tube 2 rotate, the instrument channel 300 remains connected to the internal channel 200. By rotating the dial 4, the sheath tube 2 can be driven to rotate relative to the handle 1 to achieve the purpose of adjusting the distal direction of the sheath tube 2, thereby increasing the gripping area of the sheath tube 2, and facilitating the rotation of the sheath tube 2 in actual use.

Moreover, during the rotation of the sheath 2 and the dial 4 relative to the handle 1, the internal channel 200 of the sheath 2 and the connecting channel 400 of the dial 4 will rotate with the instrument channel 300, and the internal channel 200 and the connecting channel 400 can remain connected with the instrument channel 300, meeting the need to adjust the direction of the distal end of the sheath 2 around its own axis during actual use.

The instrument channel 300 is a channel connected to the outside of the handle 1 for inserting medical instruments, such as medical holmium laser guide wires, stone removal baskets, etc. In some embodiments, the medical instrument passes through the internal channel 200 of the sheath tube 2 and passes out from the distal end of the sheath tube 2 until it enters the human body.

In order to reduce slipping, anti-skid grooves (not marked in the figure) are also provided on the surface of the thumbwheel 4 around its rotation direction.

Referring to Fig. 6a, in one embodiment, the thumbwheel 4 is provided with a connection hole 401 communicating with the connection channel 400, a sealing ring 5 is further provided in the connection hole 401, the instrument connector 3 is connected in the connection hole 401, and the sealing ring 5 is used to seal the gap between the instrument connector 3 and the connection hole 401. Specifically, the sealing ring 5 is used to seal the gap between the connecting conduit 302 and the connection hole 401.

Thereby, the thumbwheel 4 can rotate relative to the handle 1 , that is, relative to the instrument connector 3 , and the gap between the instrument connector 3 and the connecting hole 401 is sealed by the sealing ring 5 .

Specifically, the straight tube section 3021 of the connecting catheter 302 is inserted into the connecting hole 401 and the sealing ring 5 is sleeved on the straight tube section 3021 to achieve the communication and sealing between the instrument channel 300 and the connecting channel 400 and the rotation of the thumbwheel 4 relative to the connecting catheter 302 .

The sealing ring 5 can be an O-ring.

6b and 6c, in some optional embodiments, a rotary joint 6 is provided in the thumbwheel 4, and the rotary joint 6 communicates with the connecting catheter 302 and the inner tube 201. The rotary joint 6, the sheath tube 2, and the thumbwheel 4 are coaxially arranged, that is, the rotation axes of the rotary joint 6, the sheath tube 2, and the thumbwheel 4 are located on the same straight line. The connection channel 400 and the connection hole 401 are both arranged on the rotary joint 6. Two first limit blocks 402 and second limit blocks 403 are arranged opposite to each other in the dial wheel 4. The first limit block 402 is provided with a slot 4021 for fixing the rotary joint 6. The second limit block 403 abuts against the end of the rotary joint 6. The second limit block 403 is provided with a connection through hole 4031 connected with the connection hole 401. The straight pipe section 3021 can be inserted into the connection hole 401 through the connection through hole 4031, that is, the instrument connector 3 can be connected to the connection hole 401 after passing through the connection through hole 4031, so that the instrument channel 300 can be connected with the connection channel 400. The rotary joint 6 is well fixed by the first limit block 402 and the second limit block 403.

At the same time, the opening of the connecting hole 401 is larger than the opening of the connecting channel 400 , so that the straight tube section 3021 is easier to insert into the connecting hole 401 , thereby achieving communication between the connecting channel 400 and the instrument channel 300 .

Referring to FIG. 6 a and FIG. 6 b , in one embodiment, a rotation groove 101 is provided in the handle 1 , and a rotation protrusion 404 cooperating with the rotation groove 101 is provided on the dial 4 .

The rotation protrusion 404 and the rotation groove 101 can rotate relative to each other after being matched, so as to realize the rotation connection between the dial wheel 4 and the handle 1, and further realize the sheath tube 2 can rotate relative to the handle 1.

6 a and 6 c , in one embodiment, a limiting groove 405 is further provided outside the dial wheel 4 , a limiting protrusion 102 is provided on the handle 1 , an elastic damping member 7 is further provided in the limiting groove 405 , and the first shell 103 is located in the limiting groove 405 and squeezes the elastic damping member 7 .

By setting the limiting protrusion 102 to cooperate with the limiting groove 405, the dial wheel 4 is prevented from moving along its axis. Since the elastic damping member 7 is provided, after the limiting protrusion 102 squeezes the elastic damping member 7, the elastic damping member 7 can provide a reverse elastic force between the limiting protrusion 102 and the limiting groove 405 to increase the resistance to the rotation of the dial wheel 4, provide damping for the dial wheel 4, and avoid the phenomenon of misoperation. It should be understood that the elastic damping member 7 can be an O-shaped rubber ring, a plastic or metal spring.

Referring to FIG. 3 , for the convenience of processing, the handle 1 is formed by combining a first shell 103 and a second shell 104 .

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 , in one embodiment, a first zero point positioning protrusion 105 is disposed on the handle 1 , and a second zero point positioning protrusion 406 is disposed outside the dial wheel 4 at a position corresponding to the first zero point positioning protrusion 105 .

By providing the first zero point positioning protrusion 105 and the second zero point positioning protrusion 406, when the first zero point positioning protrusion 105 is aligned with the second zero point positioning protrusion 406, it is possible to visually observe that the thumbwheel 4 rotates to the initial zero position, which facilitates reset and alignment.

Referring to FIG. 5 , in one embodiment, a zero point groove 106 is provided in the handle 1 , and an elastic protrusion 407 capable of cooperating with the zero point groove 106 is fixed on the dial wheel 4 .

When the dial wheel 4 rotates, the elastic protrusion 407 can be driven to rotate with it. When the elastic protrusion 407 cooperates with the zero point groove 106, the dial wheel 4 returns to the initial zero point position. After the elastic protrusion 407 cooperates with the zero point groove 106, it can also play a certain positioning and fixing role to avoid the dial wheel 4 from rotating accidentally.

In addition, during the process of returning to the zero position, the elastic protrusion 407 can significantly increase the resistance when cooperating with the zero point groove 106, so that the operator can sense that the dial wheel 4 has returned to the zero position.

Referring to FIG. 5 , in one embodiment, the elastic protrusion 407 is disposed on the elastic spring sheet 8 , and an arc-shaped transition structure 107 is further disposed in the handle 1 . The transition structure 107 is disposed on both sides of the zero-point groove 106 in the circumferential direction.

When the elastic protrusion 407 moves along the transition structure 107 toward the zero point groove 106 as the dial wheel 4 rotates, the transition structure 107 can gradually compress the elastic spring 8, so that the elastic spring 8 can smoothly pass through the transition structure 107 to reach the zero point groove 106.

During the process of the elastic protrusion 407 being engaged with the zero point groove 106, the transition structure 107 can play a guiding role. When the elastic protrusion 407 moves along the transition structure 107 toward the zero point groove 106, the elastic reed 8 will gradually be compressed and elastically deformed until the elastic protrusion 407 passes through the transition structure 107 and is engaged with the zero point groove 106. When the elastic protrusion 407 is engaged with the zero point groove 106, the elastic protrusion 407 is reset and produces a sound or vibration, so that the operator can sense that the dial 4 has returned to the zero position.

When a large force is applied to the thumbwheel 4 , the elastic protrusion 407 can be disengaged from the zero-point groove 106 , thereby enabling the thumbwheel 4 to rotate relative to the handle 1 .

In one embodiment, the zero-point groove 106 is V-shaped, and the elastic protrusion 407 is arranged to correspond to the shape of the zero-point groove 106 .

4 and 6 a , in one embodiment, the sheath 2 includes a controllable snake segment 203 and a passive bending segment 204 , the passive bending segment 204 is located between the controllable snake segment 203 and the thumbwheel 4 , and the internal channel 200 passes through the passive bending segment 204 to reach the controllable snake segment 203 .

The endoscope structure also includes a first traction line 10 and a second traction line 11 for controlling the bending of the controllable snake segment 203. It should be noted that since the controllable snake segment 203 is connected to the dial wheel 4 through the passive bending segment 204, when the first traction line 10 and the second traction line 11 drive the controllable snake segment 203 to bend, the passive bending segment 204 will also bend accordingly under the action of external force.

Furthermore, the endoscope structure also includes a control member 9, one end of the first traction line 10 is connected to the control member 9, the other end of the first traction line 10 is connected to the controllable serpentine segment 203, one end of the second traction line 11 is connected to the control member 9, the other end of the second traction line 11 is connected to the control member 9, and the control member 9 is used to adjust the tightness of the first traction line 10 and the second traction line 11 to control the bending of the controllable serpentine segment 203.

Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 , in one embodiment, the sheath tube 2 includes an inner tube 201 and an outer tube 202, the outer tube 202 is sleeved outside the inner tube 201, the controllable snake bone section 203 is located at the end of the outer tube 202 away from the handle 1, and the passive bending section 204 is located at the end of the outer tube 202 close to the handle 1. The outer tube 202 is fixed to the thumbwheel 4, and the inner tube 201 is connected to the connecting channel 400 in the thumbwheel 4. Specifically, the internal channel 200 is formed in the inner tube 201.

In other embodiments, the internal through hole of the passive bending section 204 is a part of the internal channel 200 , that is, the internal channel 200 is not only used for the insertion of medical devices, but also for the passage of the first traction line 10 and the second traction line 11 .

Optionally, as shown in FIG2 , the outer tube 202 is fixed with two stoppers 13, and the two stoppers 13 are used to limit the movable positions of the first traction line 10 and the second traction line 11, respectively. The stoppers 13 are provided with wire grooves 1301, and the first traction line 10 and the second traction line 11 respectively pass through the wire grooves 1301 of the corresponding stoppers 13. The function of the stoppers 13 is to limit the movement of the first traction line 10 and the second traction line 11 to protect the first traction line 10 and the second traction line 11. The stoppers 13 can prevent the first traction line 10 and the second traction line 11 from moving significantly and leaving their original positions, so as to prevent the first traction line 10 and the second traction line 11 from being unable to pull the controllable snake bone segment 203 to bend or be damaged.

In one embodiment, the control member 9 adopts a turntable, one end of the first traction line 10 is connected to the turntable, and the other end is connected to the controllable snake bone segment 203 after passing through the dial wheel 4, one end of the second traction line 11 is connected to the turntable, and the other end is connected to the controllable snake bone segment 203 after passing through the dial wheel 4, and the first traction line 10 and the second traction line 11 are relatively arranged on both sides of the controllable snake bone segment 203.

By rotating the turntable, the first traction line 10 can be stretched and the second traction line 11 can be contracted, or the second traction line 11 can be stretched and the second traction line 11 can be contracted, so as to adjust the bending direction of the controllable snake bone segment 203.

In other embodiments, the control member 9 may also be replaced by other structures in the prior art that are capable of pulling the first pulling line 10 and the second pulling line 11 .

The first traction line 10 and the second traction line 11 are fixedly connected to a position at the distal end of the controllable snake segment 203. It should be noted that the above fixed connection includes but is not limited to laser welding, electric welding, soldering, glue bonding, or indirect fixed connection through other parts.

In summary, the endoscope structure of the present invention can compensate for the angle of wrist rotation by rotating the dial wheel 4, thereby achieving the purpose of rotating the sheath 2 in the distal direction and avoiding torsional deformation of the sheath 2. In addition, a zero position indication is provided to facilitate the return of the rotating balance wheel.

The technical means disclosed in the scheme of the present invention are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above-mentioned implementation mode, but also include technical schemes composed of any combination of the above-mentioned technical features. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. An endoscope structure comprises a handle (1) and a sheath tube (2), and is characterized in that a rotatable thumb wheel (4) is arranged on the handle (1), the thumb wheel (4) and the sheath tube (2) are mutually fixed, an instrument connector (3) is fixedly arranged on the handle (1), and the instrument connector (3) comprises a connector joint (301) and a connecting catheter (302) connected with the connector joint (301); the distal end of the connecting catheter (302) is provided with a straight pipe section (3021), the straight pipe section (3021) is rotatably connected with the thumb wheel (4), and the central axis of the straight pipe section (3021) and the rotation central axis of the thumb wheel (4) are positioned on the same straight line.

2. The endoscope structure according to claim 1, characterized in that said connecting duct (302) is of rectilinear or non-rectilinear configuration; when the connecting catheter (302) is in a nonlinear structure, at least one section of the distal end of the connecting catheter (302) is a straight tube section.

3. The endoscope structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a rotary joint (6) is arranged in the thumb wheel (4), the rotary joint (6) is communicated with the connecting conduit (302) and the inner tube (201), wherein the rotary joint (6), the sheath tube (2) and the thumb wheel (4) are coaxially arranged.

4. An endoscope structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the handle (1) is rotatably connected with the sheath tube (2), the instrument connector (3) is rotatably connected with the sheath tube (2), the connector joint (301) and the inside of the connecting catheter (302) are formed with an instrument channel (300) communicating with the outside, the sheath tube (2) is formed with an internal channel (200), and the instrument channel (300) communicates with the internal channel (200) through the rotary joint (6).

5. The endoscope structure according to claim 4, characterized in that a connection channel (400) is formed in the swivel joint (6), the internal channel (200), the connection channel (400) and the instrument channel (300) are sequentially communicated, wherein the instrument channel (300) penetrates through the straight tube section (3021), and the straight tube section (3021) is partially or completely inserted into the connection channel (400) so that the connection channel (400) is communicated with the instrument channel (300).

6. The endoscope structure according to claim 5, characterized in that the swivel joint (6) is provided with a connection hole (401) communicating with the connection channel (400), a sealing ring (5) is further provided in the connection hole (401), a straight tube section (3021) of the instrument connector (3) is connected to the connection hole (401), and the sealing ring (5) is used for sealing a gap between the straight tube section (3021) of the instrument connector (3) and the connection hole (401).

7. An endoscope structure according to any of claims 1-6, characterized in that a rotation groove (101) is provided in the handle (1), and a rotation protrusion (404) cooperating with the rotation groove (101) is provided on the thumb wheel (4).

8. The endoscope structure according to claim 7, characterized in that a limit groove (405) is further formed outside the thumb wheel (4), the handle (1) is provided with a limit protrusion (102), an elastic damping piece (7) is further arranged in the limit groove (405), and the limit protrusion (102) is positioned in the limit groove (405) and presses the elastic damping piece (7).

9. The endoscope structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a first zero-point positioning lug (105) is arranged on the handle (1), and a second zero-point positioning lug (406) is arranged outside the thumb wheel (4) at a position corresponding to the first zero-point positioning lug (105).

10. An endoscope structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a zero groove (106) is arranged in the handle (1), and an elastic bulge (407) which can be matched with the zero groove (106) is fixed on the thumb wheel (4).

11. The endoscope structure according to claim 10, wherein the elastic protrusion (407) is disposed on the elastic reed (8), an arc-shaped transition structure (107) is further disposed in the handle (1), the transition structure (107) is disposed on two sides of the zero groove (106) in the circumferential direction, and when the elastic protrusion (407) rotates along with the thumb wheel (4) and moves along the transition structure (107) toward the zero groove (106), the transition structure (107) can gradually compress the elastic reed (8).