CN118202823A - A combined land preparation machine for shallow and deep loosening, stubble removal and leveling in saline-alkali paddy fields - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a combined land preparation machine device for shallow and deep loosening, stubble removal and scraping of saline-alkali paddy fields, comprising a frame, a stubble pressing and scraping assembly, and a harrow assembly. Driven by a mobile device, the device moves in the saline-alkali paddy field, and the motor rotates to drive each harrow blade to rotate, cutting the soil or crop roots and stems, and can achieve shallow and deep loosening in spring and stubble removal and scraping in autumn; the motor speed is adjustable to change the cutting efficiency of the harrow blade; the depth of the two harrow assemblies is adjustable to achieve shallow and deep loosening effects and increase the stubble removal and scraping efficiency; the stubble pressing and scraping assembly can be adjusted flexibly to prevent the scraper from being subjected to excessive resistance. The present invention provides a foundation for combined land preparation equipment for saline-alkali paddy fields based on soda saline-alkali land management.

Description

A combined land preparation machine for shallow and deep loosening, stubble removal and leveling in saline-alkali paddy fields

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a combined land preparation machine for shallow and deep loosening, stubble removal and scraping in saline-alkali paddy fields.

Background technique

Combined land preparation machines are a type of soil tillage machine that gradually emerged and developed in the 1990s. They have several different operating effects, such as rotary tillage, stubble removal, ridge formation, and deep loosening. There are many types of combined land preparation machines at present. The blades of traditional combined land preparation machines are fixed, and they can usually only be used for land preparation on flat land. The degree of disturbance to the land is large, and often produces a soil turning effect. However, saline-alkali land has the characteristics of soil compaction, thin nutrient layer, and poor permeability. The use of traditional combined land preparation machines in saline-alkali paddy fields can easily bring the poor soil below to the surface, reducing the nutrient-rich soil on the surface, which is not conducive to subsequent cultivation. Therefore, it is of great significance to invent a combined land preparation machine for stubble removal and leveling that can cope with saline-alkali paddy fields. It can effectively deal with the problem of thin nutrient layer in saline-alkali paddy fields and bring poor soil to the surface, and can increase the permeability of the soil below, promote the efficiency of irrigation and salt washing in saline-alkali land, and promote the management and high-quality development of soda saline-alkali land.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of shallow dredging, deep loosening, stubble removal and scraping in saline-alkali paddy fields, and to provide a combined land preparation machine for shallow dredging, deep loosening, stubble removal and scraping in saline-alkali paddy fields, which can realize shallow dredging, deep loosening in spring and stubble removal and scraping in autumn. Shallow dredging means cutting the surface compacted soil of saline-alkali paddy fields into mud, and deep loosening means cutting the deep soil to increase the permeability of the deep soil. The knife rake is driven by a motor, with adjustable speed, low carbon and environmental protection.

A combined land preparation machine for shallow and deep loosening, stubble removal and scraping in saline-alkali paddy fields is 1550 mm long, 3235 mm wide and 1150 mm high, comprising a frame, a stubble pressing and scraping assembly and a harrow assembly.

The frame is the body of a combined land preparation machine for shallow and deep loosening, stubble removal and scraping in saline-alkali paddy fields. Two stubble pressing and scraping assemblies are located side by side at the rear of the frame, and are fixed with the spring pressure plate and the scraper crossbeam respectively through an adjusting rod mounting seat and a scraper mounting seat. Two harrow assemblies are located below the frame and are assembled with the corresponding holes of the hydraulic cylinder and the integral weldment frame through the reducers on both sides of the harrow assemblies.

The frame includes an integral welded frame, a rear cover plate, a front cover plate, a gantry, a hydraulic cylinder, a gantry front mounting seat, a gantry rear mounting seat, a cylinder mounting seat, an adjustment rod mounting seat, a scraper mounting seat, and a cover mounting seat;

The integral welded frame is welded from 80mm square tubes, 3220mm long, 1296mm wide, 220mm high, and has two through holes with a diameter of 40mm on both sides;

There are two rear cover plates, which are stamped from 1.5 mm thick metal plates and are located on both sides of the rear of the integral welding frame. Bolts are used to fasten the corresponding cover plate mounting seats to shield splashed mud.

There are two front cover plates, which are stamped from 1.5 mm thick metal plates and are located on the front sides of the integral welding frame, respectively, and are fastened by bolts through corresponding cover plate mounting seats to shield splashed mud;

The gantry is located above the integral welded frame, the rear end is fastened by bolts through the gantry rear mounting seat, and the front end is fastened by bolts through the gantry front mounting seat, so as to be assembled with the corresponding traveling mechanical equipment outside the present invention;

There are four hydraulic cylinders, two of which are located on both sides below the integral welded frame and are assembled through holes on both sides of the integral welded frame to change the thickness of the soil cut by the rake assembly;

There are two front mounting seats of the gantry, which are welded by two metal parts with 6 holes, 12mm thick and 8mm thick, and are welded to the front end of the integral welding frame along the notch, so as to assemble and fix the gantry and the corresponding traveling mechanical equipment outside the present invention;

There are two rear mounting seats of the gantry, which are 1 piece of metal parts with 3 holes and 12mm thickness, and are welded to the middle rectangular tube of the integral welding frame along the notch part to assemble and fix the gantry;

There are four cylinder mounting seats, which are stepped shafts with a shaft shoulder, and are welded to the inner sides of both ends of the integral welding frame in pairs, for assembling the hydraulic cylinder;

There are 4 adjusting rod mounting seats, which are 1 piece of metal parts with 3 holes and 12mm thickness, all welded to the rectangular tube in front of the integral welding frame along the notch part, with a spacing of 715mm, for assembling and fixing the stubble scraping assembly;

There are two scraper mounting seats, which are 12mm thick notched metal parts, both of which are welded along the notched part on both sides of the rectangular tube in front of the integral welding frame to assemble and fix the stubble scraping assembly;

There are 16 cover plate mounting seats, which are 1 piece of 3mm thick metal bent piece, with an extended hole drilled in the bent part and the other part welded together with the rectangular tube of the integral welding frame, for positioning and assembling the rear cover plate and the front cover plate.

Referring to Figures 4 and 5, the two stubble-scraping assemblies include a scraper, a scraper side plate, a scraper beam, an adjustment rod mounting seat, a spring seat, a spring, a spring pressure plate, a pressure plate seat, a pin, and an adjustment rod;

The scraper is formed by bending a 3mm thick metal flat plate, with a width of 1540mm and a height of 460mm. A slender metal strip is welded on the upper end. The scraper is used to flatten the uneven saline-alkali paddy field.

There are three scraper side plates, which are metal plates shaped like machetes and are welded at both ends and the center of the scraper to prevent the scraped mud from overflowing to both sides of the device;

The scraper crossbeam is a cylindrical steel pipe located at the upper end of the scraper and used for assembling the scraper and the integral welding frame;

There are two adjusting rod mounting seats, which are respectively welded at the symmetric axis positions of two adjacent scraper side plates to position and assemble the adjusting rod;

The spring seat is a 5mm thick metal ring located in the middle of the adjustment rod to support the spring;

The spring is sleeved on the adjusting rod, with the lower end in contact with the spring seat and the upper end in contact with the spring pressure plate, so as to support the spring seat and the pressure plate seat on both sides;

The spring pressure plate is composed of two 8mm thick metal sheets welded vertically together, one of which has three round holes for fixing with the adjusting rod mounting seat using bolts; the other has an extended hole cut out to be sleeved on the adjusting rod, and the two sides are in contact with the spring and the pressure plate seat respectively, and the extended hole enables the adjusting rod to rotate at a certain angle;

The pressure plate seat is a 5mm thick metal ring located above the adjustment rod and in contact with the spring pressure plate at the bottom;

There are four pins, which are inserted into two adjusting rods in pairs to position the spring seat and the pressure plate seat;

There are two adjusting rods, which are steel pipes with several holes, 510mm long, 16mm radius and 4mm thickness. The hole at the bottom is fixed to the adjusting rod mounting seat by bolts, and the hole in the upper part is used for pin cooperation. The pin is positioned with the holes in different positions to achieve the effect of adjusting the lifting and lowering angle of the stubble scraping assembly.

Referring to FIG6 , the rake assembly has two, 3235 mm wide, including rake blades, I-shaped flanges, T-shaped flanges, gaskets, bearings, flange sleeves, reducers, and motors;

There are 29 rake blades, which are hexagonal rake blades with 6 holes in the middle and a thickness of 5mm, arranged side by side on the same axis with a spacing of 100mm, for cutting soil and removing stubble;

There are 28 I-shaped flanges, and the end faces on both sides are provided with 6 evenly distributed through holes, which are fixedly matched with the holes of the rake blades in pairs by bolts and combined on an axis;

There are two T-shaped flanges, and the end faces are provided with six evenly distributed through holes, which are respectively located outside the outermost rake blades at both ends, and bolts are used to fix and match with the outermost rake blades at both ends through the holes, and the end faces of the stepped shafts are processed with splines to match with the gears inside the reducer;

There are two washers, which are respectively sleeved on the stepped shaft of the T-shaped flange;

There are two bearings, which are respectively mounted on the stepped shaft of the T-shaped flange, and the inner sides are in contact with the gasket;

There are two flange sleeves, the bottom of the sleeve part is hollowed out, the hollow projection shape is rectangular, the sleeve thickness is 3mm, and the disc part is evenly distributed with 6 through holes, which are fastened with the reducer by using bolts to cover and protect the gasket, bearing and T-flange stepped shaft part;

There are two reducers, which are located on both sides of the rake assembly. The cylindrical component welded in the middle of the shell cooperates with one end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the input end and the output end cooperate with the motor and the T-shaped flange respectively.

There are two motors, which are respectively located inside the reducer. The spline parts match the input end of the reducer and serve as the power source for the rake blade to actively cut the soil.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. It can simultaneously realize the shallow and deep loosening, stubble removal and leveling operations of saline-alkali paddy fields, saving agricultural equipment.

2. The harrow assembly can actively cut the soil by relying on the motor drive, the speed can be adjusted, the soil loosening is highly flexible, and it is low-carbon and environmentally friendly.

3. The rake assembly can adjust the soil cutting depth by extending and retracting the cylinder, so that the device can adjust the loosening depth according to the actual situation.

4. The stubble-pressing and scraping assembly is flexible and can change the angle of the scraper according to actual conditions, effectively preventing excessive resistance.

5. Each rake blade can be disassembled independently, and the connection device is simple, which is helpful to reduce the time of replacing problematic tools.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is a general assembly diagram of the present invention;

FIG2 is an exploded view of the general assembly of the present invention;

FIG3 is an exploded view of a frame of the present invention;

FIG4 is an assembly diagram of the stubble-scraping and leveling total difference of the present invention;

FIG5 is an exploded view of the stubble-scraping and leveling assembly of the present invention;

FIG6 is an exploded view of the rake assembly of the present invention;

In the figure: A, frame; B, stubble-scraping and leveling assembly; C, rake assembly; 1, integral welded frame; 2, rear cover plate; 3, front cover plate; 4, gantry; 5, hydraulic cylinder; 6, gantry front mounting seat; 7, gantry rear mounting seat; 8, cylinder mounting seat; 9, adjusting rod mounting seat; 10, scraper mounting seat; 11, cover mounting seat; 12, scraper; 13, scraper side plate; 14, scraper crossbeam; 15, adjusting rod mounting seat; 16, spring seat; 17, spring; 18, spring pressure plate; 19, pressure plate seat; 20, pin; 21, adjusting rod; 22, rake blade; 23, I-shaped flange; 24, T-shaped flange; 25, gasket; 26, bearing; 27, flange sleeve; 28, reducer; 29, motor.

Detailed ways

Referring to Figures 1 to 2, a saline-alkali paddy field shallow and deep loosening, stubble removal and scraping combined land preparation machine is 1550mm long, 3235mm wide and 1150mm high, comprising a frame (A), a stubble pressing and scraping assembly (B) and a harrow assembly (C).

The frame (A) is the body of a combined land preparation machine for shallow and deep loosening, stubble removal and scraping in saline-alkali paddy fields. Two stubble pressing and scraping assemblies (B) are arranged side by side behind the frame (A) and are respectively fixed with a spring pressure plate (18) and a scraper crossbeam (14) through an adjusting rod mounting seat (9) and a scraper mounting seat (10). Two rake assemblies (C) are located below the frame (A) and are respectively assembled with corresponding holes of a hydraulic cylinder (5) and an integral weldment frame (1) through reducers (28) on both sides of the rake assemblies (C).

Referring to FIG3 , the frame (A) comprises an integrally welded frame (1), a rear cover plate (2), a front cover plate (3), a gantry (4), a hydraulic cylinder (5), a gantry front mounting seat (6), a gantry rear mounting seat (7), a cylinder mounting seat (8), an adjusting rod mounting seat (9), a scraper mounting seat (10), and a cover mounting seat (11);

The integral welded frame (1) is welded from 80 mm square tubes, is 3220 mm long, 1296 mm wide, and 220 mm high, and has two through holes with a diameter of 40 mm on both sides;

There are two rear covers (2), which are stamped from 1.5 mm thick metal plates and are located on both sides of the rear of the integral welding frame (1). Bolts are used to fasten the rear covers through corresponding cover mounting seats (11) to shield splashed mud.

There are two front covers (3), which are stamped from 1.5 mm thick metal plates and are located on the front sides of the integral welding frame (1) respectively, and are fastened by bolts through corresponding cover mounting seats (11) to shield splashed mud;

The gantry (4) is located above the integral welded frame (1), the rear end is fastened by bolts through the gantry rear mounting seat (7), and the front end is fastened by bolts through the gantry front mounting seat (6), so as to be assembled with corresponding traveling mechanical equipment outside the present invention;

There are four hydraulic cylinders (5), which are located in pairs on both sides below the integral welded frame (1) and are assembled through holes on both sides of the integral welded frame (1) to change the thickness of the soil cut by the rake assembly (C);

There are two front mounting seats (6) for the gantry, which are welded from two metal parts with 6 holes and 12 mm thick notches and a metal part with 8 mm thickness, and are welded along the notches to the front end of the integral welding frame (1) for assembling and fixing the gantry (4) and assembling corresponding traveling mechanical equipment outside the present invention;

There are two gantry rear mounting seats (7), which are 1 piece of metal parts with 3 holes and 12 mm thickness, and are welded to the middle rectangular tube of the integral welding frame (1) along the notch part, so as to assemble and fix the gantry (4);

There are four cylinder mounting seats (8) which are stepped shafts with a shaft shoulder, and are welded to the inner sides of both ends of the integral welding frame (1) in pairs, for assembling the hydraulic cylinder (5);

There are four adjusting rod mounting seats (9), which are 1 piece of metal parts with 3 holes and 12 mm thickness, and are welded to the rectangular tube in front of the integral welding frame (1) along the notch portion, with a spacing of 715 mm, for assembling and fixing the stubble scraping assembly (B);

There are two scraper mounting seats (10), which are 12 mm thick notched metal parts, both of which are welded along the notched part on both sides of the rectangular tube in front of the integral welding frame (1) to assemble and fix the stubble scraping assembly (B);

There are 16 cover plate mounting seats (11), which are 3 mm thick metal bent parts, with an extended hole drilled in the bent part and the other part welded to the rectangular tube of the integral welding frame (1) for positioning and assembling the rear cover plate (2) and the front cover plate (3).

Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5 , the two stubble-scraping and leveling assemblies include a scraper (12), a scraper side plate (13), a scraper crossbeam (14), an adjustment rod mounting seat (15), a spring seat (16), a spring (17), a spring pressure plate (18), a pressure plate seat (19), a pin (20), and an adjustment rod (21);

The scraper (12) is formed by bending a 3mm thick metal flat plate, is 1540mm wide and 460mm high, and has a slender metal strip welded on the upper end. The scraper (12) is used to scrape the saline-alkali paddy field.

There are three scraper side plates (13) which are metal plates shaped like a machete and are welded to the two ends and the center of the scraper (12) to prevent the scraped mud from overflowing to the two sides of the device;

The scraper cross beam (14) is a cylindrical steel pipe, located at the upper end of the scraper (12), and used for assembling the scraper (12) and the integral welding frame (1);

There are two adjusting rod mounting seats (15), which are respectively welded to the symmetric axis positions of two adjacent scraper side plates (13) to position and assemble the adjusting rod (21);

The spring seat (16) is a 5 mm thick metal ring located in the middle of the adjustment rod (21) to support the spring (17);

The spring (17) is sleeved on the adjusting rod (21), the lower end of which contacts the spring seat (16) and the upper end of which contacts the spring pressure plate (18), so as to support the spring seat (16) and the pressure plate seat on both sides;

The spring pressure plate (18) is composed of two 8 mm thick metal sheets welded vertically together, one of which has three round holes for fixing with the adjusting rod mounting seat (9) using bolts; the other has an extended hole cut out and sleeved on the adjusting rod (21), and the two sides are respectively in contact with the spring (17) and the pressure plate seat (19), and the extended hole enables the adjusting rod (21) to rotate at a certain angle;

The pressure plate seat (19) is a 5mm thick metal ring, located above the adjustment rod (21), and in contact with the spring pressure plate (18) at the bottom;

There are four pins (20), which are inserted into two adjusting rods (21) in pairs to position the spring seat (16) and the pressure plate seat (19);

There are two adjusting rods (21), which are steel pipes with several holes, 510 mm long, 16 mm in radius and 4 mm in thickness. The holes at the bottom are fixedly matched with the adjusting rod mounting seat (15) by bolts, and the holes in the upper part are used to match the pins (20). The pins (20) are positioned and matched with the holes at different positions to achieve the effect of adjusting the lifting and lowering angle of the stubble scraping assembly (B).

Referring to FIG. 6 , there are two rake assemblies (C) with a width of 3235 mm, including rake blades (22), I-shaped flanges (23), T-shaped flanges (24), washers (25), bearings (26), flange sleeves (27), reducers (28), and motors (29);

There are 29 rake blades (22), which are hexagonal rake blades with 6 holes in the middle and a thickness of 5 mm, arranged side by side on the same axis with a spacing of 100 mm, and are used for cutting soil and removing stubble;

There are 28 I-shaped flanges (23), and both side end surfaces have 6 evenly distributed through holes, which are fixedly matched with the holes of the rake blades (22) in pairs by bolts and combined on an axis;

There are two T-shaped flanges (24), and the end faces are provided with six evenly distributed through holes, which are respectively located outside the outermost rake blades at both ends, and bolts are used to fix and match with the outermost rake blades at both ends through the holes, and the end faces of the stepped shafts are processed with splines to match with the gears inside the reducer (28);

There are two washers (25), which are respectively sleeved on the stepped shaft of the T-shaped flange (24);

There are two bearings (26), which are respectively sleeved on the stepped shaft of the T-shaped flange (24), and the inner side of the bearings (26) is in contact with the gasket (25);

There are two flange sleeves (27), the lower part of the sleeve is hollowed out, the hollow projection shape is a rectangle, the sleeve thickness is 3mm, and the disc part has 6 through holes evenly distributed. It is fastened with the reducer (28) by using bolts to cover and protect the gasket (25), the bearing (26) and the stepped shaft part of the T-shaped flange (24);

There are two reducers (28), which are respectively located on both sides of the rake assembly (C). The cylindrical component welded in the middle of the shell cooperates with one end of the hydraulic cylinder (5), and the input end and the output end cooperate with the motor (29) and the T-shaped flange (24) respectively.

There are two motors (29), which are respectively located inside the reducer (28). The spline part cooperates with the input end of the reducer (28) and serves as a power source for the rake blade to actively cut the soil.

Working principle of the present invention:

Referring to Figures 1 to 6, the working principle of the combined land preparation machine for shallow dredging, deep loosening, stubble removal and scraping of saline-alkali paddy fields of the present invention is as follows. The combined land preparation machine for shallow dredging, deep loosening, stubble removal and scraping of saline-alkali paddy fields is installed behind the mobile device through a gantry (4). Driven by the mobile device, the combined land preparation machine for shallow dredging, deep loosening, stubble removal and scraping of saline-alkali paddy fields travels in the saline-alkali paddy fields. When the motor (29) rotates, the torque is transmitted to the reducer (28) and then transmitted to the rake blades (22) on both sides through the T-shaped flange (24). At the same time, the torque is transmitted to the remaining rake blades (22) through the I-shaped flange (23), so that each rake blade (22) rotates to cut the soil, thereby realizing shallow dredging, deep loosening of soil in spring and stubble removal in autumn. The speed of the motor (29) is adjustable, which can change the cutting efficiency of the rake blade (22) to cope with the travel speed of saline-alkali paddy fields or equipment of different hardness. The soil after shallow dredging, deep loosening or stubble removal can be scraped and leveled by the scraper (12) behind the device.

Referring to Figures 1 to 2, the working principle of the soil cutting depth adjustment of the present invention is as follows. The hydraulic cylinders (5) at both ends of the rake assembly (B) are shortened at the same time, so that the reducer (28) rotates, and the output end of the reducer (28) is correspondingly raised relative to the ground, so that the rake blade (22) coaxial with the output end of the reducer (28) is raised, and the depth of the rake blade (22) cutting the soil is reduced. If the soil loosening depth is to be deepened, the hydraulic cylinders (5) at both ends of the rake assembly (B) are extended at the same time, and the corresponding rake blade (22) is lowered. In this way, the hydraulic cylinders (5) on both sides of the front are shortened, and the hydraulic cylinders (5) on both sides of the rear are extended, so that the front cuts the shallow soil and the rear cuts the deep soil, achieving the effect of shallow loosening and deep loosening. When used for stubble removal, the front can cut the rhizomes and the rear can cut the underground roots, and the sequential cutting can reduce the cutting resistance.

Referring to Figures 4 to 5, the stubble-scraping and leveling assembly (B) of the present invention has elasticity and angle adjustment principles as follows. When the scraper (12) is not in contact with the soil, the spring (17) applies pressure to push the adjustment rod (21) down, so that the bottom of the scraper (12) is in the closest state to the soil. When the device is working, if the scraper (12) scrapes thicker soil, the soil pushes the scraper (12) upward, causing the scraper (12) to rotate, and the adjustment rod (21) rotates accordingly and moves upward relatively, and the spring (17) is compressed, so that the bottom of the scraper (12) keeps a tendency to approach the soil, thereby achieving elastic adjustment of the stubble-scraping and leveling assembly (B) to prevent the scraper (12) from being subjected to excessive resistance.

Claims (3)

1. A combined soil preparation machine for shallow, sparse, deep, loose stubble cleaning and stricken of a saline-alkali paddy field is characterized by comprising a frame (A), a stubble pressing and stricken assembly (B) and a harrow assembly (C), wherein the length of the frame is 1550mm, the width of the frame is 3235, and the height of the frame is 1150 mm;

The machine frame (A) is a machine body of a saline-alkali paddy field shallow-thinning, deep-loosening, stubble-cleaning and scraping combined soil preparation machine, 2 stubble-pressing and scraping assemblies (B) are arranged behind the machine frame (A) side by side, are respectively matched and fixed with a spring pressing plate (18) and a scraper beam (14) through an adjusting rod mounting seat (9) and a scraper mounting seat (10), are positioned below the machine frame (A), and are respectively matched and assembled with holes corresponding to a hydraulic cylinder (5) and an integral weldment frame (1) through speed reducers (28) on two sides of the harrow assemblies (C);

The frame (A) comprises an integral welding frame (1), a rear cover plate (2), a front cover plate (3), a portal frame (4), a hydraulic cylinder (5), a portal frame front mounting seat (6), a portal frame rear mounting seat (7), an oil cylinder mounting seat (8), an adjusting rod mounting seat (9), a scraper mounting seat (10) and a cover plate mounting seat (11);

the integral welding frame (1) is formed by welding square tubes with the length of 3220mm, the width of 1296mm and the height of 220mm, and two sides of the integral welding frame are respectively provided with 2 through holes with the diameter of 40 mm;

The rear cover plates (2) are formed by stamping metal plates with the thickness of 1.5mm, are respectively positioned at the two rear sides of the integral welding frame (1), and are fastened by corresponding cover plate mounting seats (11) through bolts so as to shield splashed slurry;

The front cover plates (3) are formed by stamping metal plates with the thickness of 1.5mm, are respectively positioned on the two sides of the front of the integral welding frame (1), and are fastened by corresponding cover plate mounting seats (11) through bolts so as to shield splashed slurry;

the portal frame (4) is positioned above the integral welding frame (1), the rear end is fastened by bolts through a portal frame rear mounting seat (7), and the front end is fastened by bolts through a portal frame front mounting seat (6) so as to be assembled with corresponding travelling mechanical equipment outside the invention;

the number of the hydraulic cylinders (5) is 4, the hydraulic cylinders are respectively positioned at two sides below the integral welding frame (1) in pairs, and the hydraulic cylinders are assembled through holes at two sides of the integral welding frame (1) to change the thickness of soil cut by the rake assembly (C);

The two front mounting seats (6) of the portal frame are formed by welding two notched metal parts with the thickness of 6 holes and the thickness of 12mm and metal parts with the thickness of 8mm, and are welded at the front end of the integral welding frame (1) along the notches, so as to assemble and fix the portal frame (4) and corresponding travelling mechanical equipment outside the portal frame;

The rear mounting seats (7) of the portal frame are 2, 1 notch metal parts with 3 holes and a thickness of 12mm are welded on the middle rectangular tube of the integral welding frame (1) along the notch parts for assembling and fixing the portal frame (4);

the oil cylinder mounting seats (8) are 4 stepped shafts with 1 shaft shoulder, are welded on the inner sides of two ends of the integral welding frame (1) respectively, and are used for assembling the hydraulic cylinders (5);

The adjusting rod mounting seats (9) are 4, 1 notch metal parts with 3 holes and 12mm thickness are welded on a long square tube in front of the integral welding frame (1) along notch parts, and the spacing is 715mm for assembling and fixing the stubble pressing and scraping assembly (B);

the scraper mounting seat (10) is provided with 21 notch metal parts with the thickness of 12mm, and the notch metal parts are welded on two sides of a rectangular pipe in front of the integral welding frame (1) along the notch parts for assembling and fixing the stubble pressing and scraping assembly (B);

The cover plate mounting seat (11) has 16, is 1 piece metal bending piece that 3mm is thick, and the bight bores the extension hole, and another part welds together with whole welded frame (1) rectangular pipe for locating assembly back cover plate (2) and front cover plate (3).

2. The saline-alkali paddy field shallow-thinning deep-loosening stubble-cleaning and scraping combined soil preparation machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that the 2 stubble-pressing and scraping assemblies comprise a scraper (12), a scraper side plate (13), a scraper cross beam (14), an adjusting rod mounting seat (15), a spring seat (16), a spring (17), a spring pressing plate (18), a pressing plate seat (19), a pin (20) and an adjusting rod (21);

The scraper (12) is formed by bending a metal flat plate with the thickness of 3mm, the width of 1540mm and the height of 460mm, the upper end of the scraper is welded with a slender metal strip, and the scraper (12) is used for scraping uneven saline-alkali paddy fields;

3 scraper side plates (13) are metal plates which are similar to hacking knives in shape and are welded at two ends and the middle position of the scraper (12) respectively so as to prevent scraped slurry from overflowing to two sides of the device;

the scraper beam (14) is 1 cylindrical steel pipe and is positioned at the upper end of the scraper (12) for assembling the scraper (12) and the integral welding frame (1);

the number of the adjusting rod mounting seats (15) is 2, and the adjusting rod mounting seats are respectively welded at the symmetrical shaft positions of two adjacent scraper side plates (13) and are used for positioning and assembling adjusting rods (21);

The spring seat (16) is a metal ring with the thickness of 1 to 5mm and is positioned in the middle of the adjusting rod (21) and used for supporting the spring (17);

the spring (17) is sleeved on the adjusting rod (21), the lower end of the spring is contacted with the spring seat (16), and the upper end of the spring is contacted with the spring pressing plate (18) so as to support the spring seat (16) and the pressing plate seat at two sides;

The spring pressing plate (18) is formed by welding 2 metal sheets with the thickness of 8mm together in a mutually perpendicular mode, wherein one metal sheet is provided with 3 round holes for fixedly matching with the adjusting rod mounting seat (9) by using bolts; the other piece is cut to form an extension hole which is sleeved on the adjusting rod (21), two sides of the extension hole are respectively contacted with the spring (17) and the pressing plate seat (19), and the extension hole can enable the adjusting rod (21) to rotate at a certain angle;

the pressing plate seat (19) is a metal ring with the thickness of 1 and 5mm, is positioned above the adjusting rod (21), and the lower edge of the pressing plate seat is contacted with the spring pressing plate (18);

the number of the pins (20) is 4, and the pins are respectively inserted into two adjusting rods (21) for positioning the spring seat (16) and the pressing plate seat (19);

the two adjusting rods (21) are steel pipes with a plurality of holes, the length is 510mm, the radius is 16mm, the thickness is 4mm, the holes at the bottom end are fixedly matched with the adjusting rod mounting seat (15) through bolts, the holes at the upper half part are matched with the pins (20), and the pins (20) are matched with the holes at different positions in a positioning mode, so that the effect of adjusting the lifting and placing angle of the stubble pressing and scraping assembly (B) can be achieved.

3. The combined soil preparation machine for shallow, sparse, deep scarification, stubble cleaning and stricken-soil of a saline-alkali paddy field according to claim 1 is characterized in that 2 harrow assemblies (C) are arranged, wherein the width of each harrow assembly is 3235mm, each harrow assembly comprises harrow blades (22), an I-shaped flange plate (23), a T-shaped flange plate (24), a gasket (25), a bearing (26), a flange sleeve (27), a speed reducer (28) and a motor (29);

29 harrows (22) are hexagonal harrows with 6 holes in the middle and 5mm in thickness, are arranged on the same axis side by side, have a spacing of 100mm and are used for cutting soil to play roles in loosening soil and cleaning stubble;

The I-shaped flange plates (23) are 28, the end surfaces of the two sides are provided with 6 uniformly distributed through holes, and the I-shaped flange plates and the holes of the harrow blades (22) are fixedly matched and combined on an axis in pairs;

the T-shaped flange plate (24) is provided with 2 through holes which are uniformly distributed, the end faces of the T-shaped flange plate are respectively positioned at the outer sides of the harrow pieces at the outermost sides of the two ends, the T-shaped flange plate is fixedly matched with the harrow pieces at the outermost sides of the two ends by using bolts through the holes, and the end faces of the stepped shaft are provided with splines for being matched with gears in the speed reducer (28);

2 gaskets (25) are respectively sleeved on the stepped shafts of the T-shaped flange plates (24);

The number of the bearings (26) is 2, the bearings are respectively sleeved on the stepped shafts of the T-shaped flange plate (24), and the inner sides of the bearings are contacted with the gasket (25);

The flange sleeve (27) is provided with 2 hollow sleeve parts, the hollow projection shape is rectangular, the thickness of the sleeve is 3mm, 6 through holes are uniformly distributed on the disc part, and the sleeve is tightly matched with the speed reducer (28) by using bolts to shield the protection gasket (25), the bearing (26) and the stepped shaft part of the T-shaped flange (24);

The number of the speed reducers (28) is 2, the speed reducers are respectively positioned at two sides of the harrow assembly (C), a cylindrical part welded in the middle of the shell is matched with one end of the hydraulic cylinder (5), and the input end and the output end are respectively matched with the motor (29) and the T-shaped flange plate (24);

the number of the motors (29) is 2, the motors are respectively positioned at the inner side of the speed reducer (28), and the spline part is matched with the input end of the speed reducer (28) and used as a power source for actively cutting soil by the harrow blades.