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CN118191809B - A phased array system, combined baseband chip and ranging method - Google Patents

A phased array system, combined baseband chip and ranging method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118191809B
CN118191809B CN202410210055.9A CN202410210055A CN118191809B CN 118191809 B CN118191809 B CN 118191809B CN 202410210055 A CN202410210055 A CN 202410210055A CN 118191809 B CN118191809 B CN 118191809B
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data
baseband
port
input end
input
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CN118191809A (en
Inventor
易翔
涂峻源
曹云飞
车文荃
薛泉
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40Circuits
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/06Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S13/08Systems for measuring distance only
    • G01S13/32Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S2013/0236Special technical features
    • G01S2013/0245Radar with phased array antenna
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a phased array system, a chip array element, a combined baseband chip and a ranging method, and relates to the field of communication or radar or perception. The invention provides the radar communication integrated system for the radar communication, the radar communication and the radar communication, and aims at solving the problems that the existing communication integrated system can not realize radar communication and waveform integration, circuit integration and single antenna receiving and transmitting. The chip array element architecture provided by the invention comprises a bidirectional transceiver, a frequency source and a baseband, wherein the bidirectional transceiver has two different schemes, and realizes multiplexing of single-antenna transceiving and radar communication circuits; the provided amplitude modulation continuous wave radar ranging mode realizes radar communication waveform integration. The chip array element architecture provided by the invention supports the formation of a large-scale general sense integrated array, and fills the blank in the industry.

Description

Phased array system, integrated baseband chip and ranging method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of communication or radar or perception, in particular to a phased array system, a combined baseband chip and a ranging method.
Background
The 6G can help human society to realize ' everything alliance ', digital twinning ' good prospect, and radar communication perception integrated technology is an indispensable key technology. The depth fusion of communication and perception is beneficial to the reciprocal enhancement of the communication and perception, and has great application prospect in the aspects of low-altitude security, intelligent traffic, intelligent home, social management, intelligent medical treatment and the like. Typical application scenarios place higher demands on performance indicators of 6G networks and radars.
At present, in the field of a sense-of-general integrated system, the following problems still exist to be solved:
(1) Lack of single antenna transmit-receive integrated technology: in the published literature, two sets of antennas need to be received and transmitted, such that the volume of the antennas increases or the functionality of the system is limited.
(2) The radar function and the communication function cannot realize simultaneous multiplexing of circuits: in the disclosed document, since the waveform of the radar mode and the waveform of the communication mode cannot be multiplexed, separate circuits are required to process the radar signal and the communication signal, respectively.
(3) A lack of massive phased array systems in the millimeter wave band: in the published literature, only a single sense-on-a-chip system has been studied.
In summary, higher operating frequency, higher integration level, higher circuit multiplexing rate and larger-scale array are the necessary trend of the development of the millimeter wave sense-on-all integrated radio frequency front-end chip in the future. Therefore, how to realize an ultra-wideband, full-integrated and large-caliber millimeter wave sense integrated phased array system is an important problem worthy of intensive research.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the embodiment of the invention provides a phased array system, a chip array element, a combined baseband chip and a ranging method.
The first aspect of the invention provides a millimeter wave ventilation integrated phased array system, which comprises a combined baseband chip, a motherboard, at least one substrate and at least one chip array element, and has radar and communication functions; the integrated baseband chip is used for providing and collecting data signals for the chip array elements; the chip array element is used for carrying out amplitude modulation on the carrier signal according to the data signal to obtain a modulation signal, and the radar and the circuit are multiplexed in a communication mode; the substrate is used for transmitting the modulation signals and receiving echo signals, and subarrays are formed; the mother board expands the subarrays.
Further, the integrated baseband chip comprises a data input port, a data output port and a data transmission port; the data input port of the integrated substrate chip is used for receiving external data signal input, the data transmission port is connected with the external data transmission port of each substrate through the motherboard to transmit data signals, and the data output port is used for sending data signals to the outside for output.
Further, each of the substrates includes an external reference frequency input port, an external data transmission port, at least one internal reference frequency output port, and at least one antenna port; the substrate receives external reference frequency signal input through an external reference frequency input port, is connected with the reference frequency input port of each chip array element through an internal reference frequency output port to output reference frequency signals, and is connected with the antenna interface of each chip array element through an antenna port; and the internal data transmission port is connected with the intermediate frequency port of each chip array element to transmit data signals.
Further, the substrate comprises an array package antenna, a power division network and a power supply layer; the array package antenna is connected with an antenna port for receiving and transmitting antenna signals, the power division network is used for distributing power among a plurality of chip array elements, the power supply layer provides direct current potential for the chip array elements, and at least one chip array element is arranged on the substrate and is connected with the motherboard.
Further, the array package antenna comprises a plurality of separated antenna units, each antenna unit adopts double-end feed, and two feed ends are respectively used as a receiving signal path and a transmitting signal path; each antenna unit is isolated by a metal wall.
The invention provides a general sense integrated chip array element, which is applied to the proposed chip array element in a phased array system and is characterized by comprising a frequency source, a bidirectional transceiver and a baseband, and a communication mode and a radar mode circuit for multiplexing; the frequency source provides local oscillation for the bidirectional transceiver and has the functions of phase shifting and frequency doubling; the bidirectional transceiver has a direct digital sequence amplitude modulation function, and the receiver and the transmitter share an antenna end and a local oscillator input end; the baseband has a delay function, and the receiving path and the transmitting path share an intermediate frequency port.
Further, the frequency source has an output and an input; the bidirectional transceiver has an antenna end, a data output end, and a data input end; the baseband is provided with a data input end, a data output end and an intermediate frequency port; the input end of the frequency source receives reference frequency signal input through a reference frequency input port, and the output end of the frequency source is connected to the local oscillation input end of the bidirectional transceiver; the antenna end of the bidirectional transceiver is connected to the antenna interface, and the data output end and the data input end of the bidirectional transceiver are respectively connected to the data input end and the data output end of the baseband; the intermediate frequency port of the baseband is used for inputting or outputting data signals.
Further, the frequency source specifically comprises a phase shifter, a harmonic frequency multiplication circuit and an oscillator; the input end of the frequency source is the input end of the phase shifter, the output end of the phase shifter is connected to the input end of the harmonic frequency doubling circuit, the output end of the harmonic frequency doubling circuit is connected to the input end of the oscillator, and the output end of the oscillator is the output end of the frequency source.
Further, the baseband specifically comprises a receiving analog signal delay circuit, a transmitting digital signal delay circuit, an active balun circuit and an intermediate frequency input matching circuit; the data input end of the baseband is the input end of an active balun circuit, the output end of the active balun circuit is connected to the input end of a received analog signal delay circuit, the output end of the received analog signal delay circuit is in common point with the input end of an intermediate frequency input matching circuit and an intermediate frequency port of the baseband, the output end of the intermediate frequency input matching circuit is connected to the input end of a transmitting digital signal delay circuit, and the data output end of the baseband is the output end of the transmitting digital signal delay circuit.
Further, the bidirectional transceiver specifically includes an antenna switch, a low noise amplifier, a power amplifier, a first demodulator, a second demodulator, and a local oscillator switch; the first demodulator and the second demodulator have two modes of amplifying and demodulating; the local oscillation input end of the bidirectional transceiver is an input end of a local oscillation switch, the output end of the local oscillation switch is respectively connected to the local oscillation end of a first demodulator and the local oscillation end of a second demodulator, the data end of the first demodulator is a data output end of the bidirectional transceiver, the radio frequency end of the first demodulator is connected to the output end of a low noise amplifier, the radio frequency end of the second demodulator is connected to the input end of a power amplifier, the modulation end of the power amplifier is a data input end of the bidirectional transceiver, and the input end of the low noise amplifier is connected to the receiving end of an antenna switch; the output end of the power amplifier is connected to the transmitting end of the antenna switch, and the antenna end of the antenna switch is the antenna end of the bidirectional transceiver.
Further, the bidirectional transceiver specifically comprises a bidirectional amplifier and a demodulator, wherein the local oscillator end of the demodulator is the local oscillator input end of the bidirectional transceiver; the demodulator has two modes of amplifying and demodulating; the radio frequency end of the demodulator is connected to the first radio frequency end of the bidirectional amplifier, the data end of the demodulator is the data output end of the bidirectional transceiver, the modulation end of the bidirectional amplifier is the data input end of the bidirectional transceiver, and the second radio frequency end of the bidirectional amplifier is the antenna end of the bidirectional transceiver.
The third aspect of the present invention provides a composite baseband chip, which is applied to the proposed phased array system, and comprises a multi-baseband synthesis circuit, a variable gain amplifier, a switch, a pseudo random sequence generator and a baseband self-interference cancellation circuit; the multi-baseband synthesis circuit combines a transmitting baseband and a receiving baseband into a port to transmit and receive data signals; the variable gain amplifier is used for providing gain amplification of different gears; the switch is used for switching between radar data and communication data; the pseudo-random sequence generator is used for generating a periodic pseudo-random sequence; the baseband self-interference cancellation circuit is used for canceling interference of a transmitting signal to a receiving signal.
Further, the multi-baseband synthesis circuit is provided with a synthesis end and a branch end, wherein the synthesis end is used as a data transmission port of the integrated baseband chip for external connection, and the branch end is respectively connected with the input end of the variable gain amplifier and the output end of the switch; the switch is provided with a first input end, a second input end and an output end, wherein the first input end is used as a data input port of the integrated baseband chip for external connection, and the second input end is connected with the output end of the pseudo random sequence generator; the variable gain amplifier has an input and an output; the baseband self-interference cancellation circuit is provided with an input end and an output end, wherein the input end is connected with the output end of the pseudo-random sequence generator, and the output end is externally connected with the output end of the variable gain amplifier as a data output port of the integrated baseband chip after being combined.
The fourth aspect of the present invention provides a radar ranging method, applied to a proposed phased array system, characterized in that the method uses a pseudo-random sequence to modulate the amplitude of a carrier wave and transmit the carrier wave, digitally samples an echo-demodulated signal and performs correlation analysis with the pseudo-random sequences with different delays, and the delay corresponding to the path with the highest correlation is the flight time, so as to determine the distance of a target. The pseudo-random sequence repeats periodically with a sharp blurring function.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a millimeter wave communication perception integrated phased array system architecture with direct digital sequence amplitude modulation, which realizes multiplexing of radar communication circuits. Meanwhile, the proposed bidirectional transceiver scheme realizes single-antenna transceiving. In the system architecture, the phase shifter is utilized to carry out phase fine adjustment, and the baseband delay unit is utilized to carry out phase coarse adjustment, so that the system can support the requirement of a large-scale module array. The radar ranging method adopts the continuous wave amplitude modulation signal to sense, utilizes the pseudo-random sequence with the sharp fuzzy function to perform correlation analysis, has no problem of distance ambiguity, provides a solution for the waveform design of the sense-of-general integrated system, and realizes the integration of communication and sensing waveforms.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a millimeter wave sense-on-all integrated phased array system circuit structure according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a substrate structure in a millimeter wave sense-on-all integrated phased array system according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of a millimeter wave sense-on-all integrated phased array system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a sense-on-all integrated chip array element circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a sense-on-all integrated chip array element circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a combined baseband chip circuit structure according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a radar ranging method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
Higher working frequency, higher integration level, higher circuit multiplexing rate and larger-scale array are the necessary trend of the development of future millimeter wave sense-on-all integrated radio frequency front end chips. Therefore, how to realize an ultra-wideband, full-integrated and large-caliber millimeter wave sense integrated phased array system is an important problem worthy of intensive research.
Aiming at the situation, the invention provides a millimeter wave communication perception integrated phased array system with waveform integration and circuit integration, which solves the problems.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a first embodiment of the present invention discloses a millimeter wave sense-on-all integrated phased array system, which includes a combined baseband chip, at least one substrate, and at least one chip array element; the chip array element is arranged on the base plate, and the base plate and the combined base band chip are arranged on the motherboard;
The integrated baseband chip comprises a data input port, a data output port and a data transmission port; each substrate includes an external reference frequency input port, an external data transmission port, at least one internal reference frequency output port, and at least one antenna port; each chip array element comprises a reference frequency input port, an intermediate frequency port and an antenna interface;
The data input port of the integrated substrate chip is used for receiving external data signal input, the data transmission port is connected with the external data transmission port of each substrate through the motherboard to transmit data signals, and the data output port is used for sending data signals to the outside for output;
The substrate receives external reference frequency signal input through an external reference frequency input port, is connected with the reference frequency input port of each chip array element through an internal reference frequency output port to output a reference frequency signal, and is connected with the antenna interface of each chip array element through an antenna port; and the internal data transmission port is connected with the intermediate frequency port of each chip array element to transmit data signals.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the substrate includes an array package antenna, a power division network, and a power layer; the array packaging antenna is connected with the antenna port to receive and transmit antenna signals, the power division network comprises an SPI wiring layer, a power supply layer, a stratum layer, a data power division network layer and a local oscillator power division network layer, the power division network is used for distributing power among a plurality of chip array elements, the power supply layer provides direct current potential for the chip array elements, and each substrate is provided with at least one chip array element and establishes a connection relationship with a motherboard.
The physical structure of the phased array system of the first embodiment of the invention is shown in figure 3. The array package antenna in the embodiment of the invention comprises a plurality of separated antenna units, and each antenna unit is separated by a metal wall so as to improve the isolation degree between the antenna units. The array package antenna is arranged on one side of a substrate, and the other side of the substrate is connected with a chip array element through a solder ball; each substrate is connected with an even number of chip array elements, meanwhile, the substrates are connected with a motherboard on the same surface through solder balls, and the motherboard is connected with a combined substrate chip through wi rebond.
Example 2
The invention also discloses two general sense integrated chip array elements which are applied to the chip array elements in the phased array system provided by the first embodiment. The second embodiment shown in fig. 4 is a chip array element architecture in which the receiving path and the transmitting path are two paths switched by a switch, and the third embodiment shown in fig. 5 is a chip array element architecture in which the receiving path and the transmitting path are the same path and have different modes.
The chip array element of the second embodiment of the present invention includes a frequency source, a bidirectional transceiver and a baseband. Wherein the frequency source has an output and an input; the bidirectional transceiver is provided with an antenna end, a local oscillator input end, a data output end and a data input end; the baseband is provided with a data input end, a data output end and an intermediate frequency port; the input end of the frequency source receives reference frequency signal input through a reference frequency input port, and the output end of the frequency source is connected to the local oscillation input end of the bidirectional transceiver; the antenna end of the bidirectional transceiver is connected to the antenna interface, and the data output end and the data input end of the bidirectional transceiver are respectively connected to the data input end and the data output end of the baseband; the intermediate frequency port of the baseband is used for inputting or outputting data signals.
The frequency source of the second embodiment of the present invention specifically includes a phase shifter, a harmonic frequency multiplier circuit and an oscillator, and is configured to shift and multiply an input reference frequency signal, and then transmit the reference frequency signal to the bidirectional transceiver. In the embodiment of the invention, the input end of the frequency source is the input end of the phase shifter, the output end of the phase shifter is connected to the input end of the harmonic frequency doubling circuit, the output end of the harmonic frequency doubling circuit is connected to the input end of the oscillator, and the output end of the oscillator is the output end of the frequency source. The phase shifter of the embodiment of the invention has a phase shift range of at least 360 degrees; the harmonic frequency doubling circuit adopts more than 5 times of harmonic waves to double frequency so as to shorten a frequency doubling link and send the harmonic waves to the oscillator; the oscillator is locked by harmonic injection and outputs a harmonic.
The baseband of the second embodiment of the invention specifically comprises a receiving analog signal delay circuit, a transmitting digital signal delay circuit, an active balun circuit and an intermediate frequency input matching circuit; the data input end of the baseband is the input end of an active balun circuit, the output end of the active balun circuit is connected to the input end of a received analog signal delay circuit, the output end of the received analog signal delay circuit is in common point with the input end of an intermediate frequency input matching circuit and an intermediate frequency port of the baseband, the output end of the intermediate frequency input matching circuit is connected to the input end of a transmitting digital signal delay circuit, and the data output end of the baseband is the output end of the transmitting digital signal delay circuit. The baseband of the embodiment of the invention is provided with a receiving path and a transmitting path, and on the receiving path, the output of the bidirectional transceiver is sent to a receiving analog signal delay circuit through an active balun circuit; on the transmit path, a transmit digital signal delay circuit provides a data signal from an intermediate frequency input matching circuit to a bi-directional transceiver. In the baseband of the embodiment of the invention, a real delay unit based on a feedback amplifier is adopted in a delay circuit for receiving analog signals; the transmitting digital signal delay circuit adopts a true delay unit based on an inverter; the output end of the delay circuit for receiving the analog signals and the input end matched with the intermediate frequency input are combined into one path, so that multiplexing of the radar communication circuit is realized.
The bidirectional transceiver of the second embodiment of the present invention specifically includes an antenna switch, a low noise amplifier, a power amplifier, a first demodulator, a second demodulator, and a local oscillator switch; the local oscillation input end of the bidirectional transceiver is the input end of a local oscillation switch, the output end of the local oscillation switch is respectively connected to the local oscillation end of the first demodulator and the local oscillation end of the second demodulator, the data end of the first demodulator is the data output end of the bidirectional transceiver, the radio frequency end of the first demodulator is connected to the output end of the low noise amplifier, the radio frequency end of the second demodulator is connected to the input end of the power amplifier, the modulation end of the power amplifier is the data input end of the bidirectional transceiver, and the input end of the low noise amplifier is connected to the receiving end of the antenna switch; the output end of the power amplifier is connected to the transmitting end of the antenna switch, and the antenna end of the antenna switch is the antenna end of the bidirectional transceiver. The bidirectional transceiver of the second embodiment of the invention has a receiving path formed by the low noise amplifier and the first demodulator and a transmitting path formed by the second demodulator and the power amplifier; wherein the low noise amplifier has an amplitude modulation function to realize modulation of the carrier signal and the pseudo random sequence signal, and the first demodulator on the receiving path has a mixing function to realize demodulation of the echo signal.
Example 3
The chip array element of the third embodiment of the present invention includes a frequency source, a bidirectional transceiver and a baseband. Wherein the frequency source has an output and an input; the bidirectional transceiver is provided with an antenna end, a local oscillator input end, a data output end and a data input end; the baseband is provided with a data input end, a data output end and an intermediate frequency port; the input end of the frequency source receives reference frequency signal input through a reference frequency input port, and the output end of the frequency source is connected to the local oscillation input end of the bidirectional transceiver; the antenna end of the bidirectional transceiver is connected to the antenna interface, and the data output end and the data input end of the bidirectional transceiver are respectively connected to the data input end and the data output end of the baseband; the intermediate frequency port of the baseband is used for inputting or outputting data signals.
The frequency source according to the third embodiment of the present invention is the same as that described in embodiment 2, and specifically includes a phase shifter, a harmonic multiplier circuit and an oscillator, and is configured to shift and multiply an input reference frequency signal, and then transmit the reference frequency signal to the bidirectional transceiver. In the embodiment of the invention, the input end of the frequency source is the input end of the phase shifter, the output end of the phase shifter is connected to the input end of the harmonic frequency doubling circuit, the output end of the harmonic frequency doubling circuit is connected to the input end of the oscillator, and the output end of the oscillator is the output end of the frequency source. The phase shifter of the embodiment of the invention has a phase shift range of at least 360 degrees; the harmonic frequency doubling circuit adopts more than 5 times of harmonic waves to double frequency so as to shorten a frequency doubling link and send the harmonic waves to the oscillator; the oscillator is locked by harmonic injection and outputs a harmonic.
The baseband of the third embodiment of the invention is consistent with that of the embodiment 2, and specifically comprises a receiving analog signal delay circuit, a transmitting digital signal delay circuit, an active balun circuit and an intermediate frequency input matching circuit; the data input end of the baseband is the input end of an active balun circuit, the output end of the active balun circuit is connected to the input end of a received analog signal delay circuit, the output end of the received analog signal delay circuit is in common point with the input end of an intermediate frequency input matching circuit and an intermediate frequency port of the baseband, the output end of the intermediate frequency input matching circuit is connected to the input end of a transmitting digital signal delay circuit, and the data output end of the baseband is the output end of the transmitting digital signal delay circuit. The baseband of the embodiment of the invention is provided with a receiving path and a transmitting path, and on the receiving path, the output of the bidirectional transceiver is sent to a receiving analog signal delay circuit through an active balun circuit; on the transmit path, a transmit digital signal delay circuit provides a data signal from an intermediate frequency input matching circuit to a bi-directional transceiver. In the baseband of the embodiment of the invention, a real delay unit based on a feedback amplifier is adopted in a delay circuit for receiving analog signals; the transmitting digital signal delay circuit adopts a true delay unit based on an inverter; the output end of the delay circuit for receiving the analog signals and the input end matched with the intermediate frequency input are combined into one path, so that multiplexing of the radar communication circuit is realized.
The bidirectional transceiver of the third embodiment of the present invention includes a bidirectional amplifier and a demodulator; the local oscillator end of the demodulator is a local oscillator input end of the bidirectional transceiver, the radio frequency end of the demodulator is connected to the first radio frequency end of the bidirectional amplifier, the data end of the demodulator is a data output end of the bidirectional transceiver, the modulation end of the bidirectional amplifier is a data input end of the bidirectional transceiver, and the second radio frequency end of the bidirectional amplifier is an antenna end of the bidirectional transceiver. The bidirectional transceiver of the third embodiment of the present invention has a transmission path and a reception path composed of a bidirectional amplifier and a demodulator, wherein the demodulator transmission path exhibits an amplifying function and the reception path exhibits a demodulating function.
Example 4
A fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a combined baseband chip, which is applied to the phased array system proposed in the first embodiment, and as shown in fig. 6, includes a multi-baseband synthesis circuit, a variable gain amplifier, a switch, a pseudo random sequence generator, and a baseband self-interference cancellation circuit.
The multi-baseband synthesis circuit is provided with a synthesis end and a branch end, wherein the synthesis end is used as a data transmission port of the baseband chip for external connection, and the branch end is respectively connected with the input end of the variable gain amplifier and the output end of the switch; the switch is provided with a first input end, a second input end and an output end, wherein the first input end is used as a data input port of the integrated baseband chip for external connection, and the second input end is connected with the output end of the pseudo-random sequence generator; the variable gain amplifier has an input and an output; the baseband self-interference cancellation circuit is provided with an input end and an output end, wherein the input end is connected with the output end of the pseudo-random sequence generator, and the output end is externally connected with the output end of the variable gain amplifier as a data output port of the combined baseband chip after being combined.
Example 5
The fifth embodiment of the invention provides a radar ranging method, which is applied to the millimeter wave general sense integrated phased array system provided by the first embodiment, and utilizes a pseudo-random sequence to modulate the amplitude of a carrier wave and then transmit the carrier wave, and the transmitted signal is reflected after striking a target to form an echo; the echo demodulated signal is an analog signal, and is converted into a digital signal after digital sampling. As shown in fig. 7, the digital signal is delayed by one time of flight compared to a periodic pseudo-random sequence modulating the carrier wave; the D trigger can generate a series of pseudo-random sequences with different delays, the pseudo-random sequences and the digital signals are subjected to correlation analysis, the delay corresponding to the path with the highest correlation is the flight time, and the pseudo-random sequences can be obtained through calculation:
Wherein d is the distance between the target and the radar, c is the speed of light, and t flight is the time of flight.
The phased array system architecture provided by the invention can support the communication rate of 5Gps and the ranging accuracy of 3 cm. In the system architecture, the phase shifter is utilized to carry out phase fine adjustment, and the baseband delay unit is utilized to carry out phase coarse adjustment, so that the system can support the requirement of a large-scale module array. Experiments prove that after the 8×8 phased array system is formed, the system can realize a ranging range of 10m and a communication distance of 30 m.
In some alternative embodiments, the functions/acts noted in the block diagrams may occur out of the order noted in the operational illustrations. For example, two blocks shown in succession may in fact be executed substantially concurrently or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved. Furthermore, the embodiments presented and described in the flowcharts of the present invention are provided by way of example in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the technology. The disclosed methods are not limited to the operations and logic flows presented herein. Alternative embodiments are contemplated in which the order of various operations is changed, and in which sub-operations described as part of a larger operation are performed independently.
Furthermore, while the invention is described in the context of functional modules, it should be appreciated that, unless otherwise indicated, one or more of the described functions and/or features may be integrated in a single physical device and/or software module or one or more functions and/or features may be implemented in separate physical devices or software modules. It will also be appreciated that a detailed discussion of the actual implementation of each module is not necessary to an understanding of the present invention. Rather, the actual implementation of the various functional modules in the apparatus disclosed herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of their attributes, functions and internal relationships. Accordingly, one of ordinary skill in the art can implement the invention as set forth in the claims without undue experimentation. It is also to be understood that the specific concepts disclosed are merely illustrative and are not intended to be limiting upon the scope of the invention, which is to be defined in the appended claims and their full scope of equivalents.
Logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, e.g., a ordered listing of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
While the preferred embodiment of the present application has been described in detail, the present application is not limited to the embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are included in the scope of the present application as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (12)

1.一种毫米波通感一体化相控阵系统,其特征在于,包括合路基带芯片、母板、至少一个基板和至少一个芯片阵元,具有雷达和通信功能;所述合路基带芯片用于为芯片阵元提供和收集数据信号;所述芯片阵元用于根据所述数据信号对载波信号进行幅度调制,得到调制信号,雷达和通信模式时电路复用;所述基板用于发射所述调制信号并接收回波信号,并组成子阵;所述母板对所述的子阵进行阵列扩展;其中,所述芯片阵元包括频率源、双向收发机和基带,通信模式和雷达模式电路复用;所述频率源为双向收发机提供本振,具有移相和倍频功能;所述双向收发机具有直接数字序列幅度调制功能,接收机和发射机共用一个天线端和一个本振输入端;所述基带具有延时功能,接收路径和发射路径共用一个中频端口;所述基带具体包括接收模拟信号延时电路、发射数字信号延时电路、有源巴伦电路和中频输入匹配电路;所述基带的数据输入端为有源巴伦电路的输入端,所述有源巴伦电路的输出端连接至接收模拟信号延时电路的输入端,所述接收模拟信号延时电路的输出端与中频输入匹配电路的输入端和基带的中频端口共点,所述中频输入匹配电路的输出端连接至发射数字信号延时电路的输入端,所述基带的数据输出端为发射数字信号延时电路的输出端。1. A millimeter-wave synaesthesia integrated phased array system, characterized in that it includes a combined baseband chip, a motherboard, at least one substrate and at least one chip array element, and has radar and communication functions; the combined baseband chip is used to provide and collect data signals for the chip array element; the chip array element is used to amplitude modulate the carrier signal according to the data signal to obtain a modulated signal, and the circuit is multiplexed in radar and communication modes; the substrate is used to transmit the modulated signal and receive the echo signal to form a subarray; the motherboard performs array expansion on the subarray; wherein the chip array element includes a frequency source, a bidirectional transceiver and a baseband, and the communication mode and radar mode circuits are multiplexed; the frequency source provides a local oscillator for the bidirectional transceiver, and has phase shifting and frequency multiplication functions; the bidirectional transceiver has a direct digital The baseband has a delay function, and the receiving path and the transmitting path share an intermediate frequency port. The baseband specifically includes a receiving analog signal delay circuit, a transmitting digital signal delay circuit, an active balun circuit and an intermediate frequency input matching circuit. The data input end of the baseband is the input end of the active balun circuit, and the output end of the active balun circuit is connected to the input end of the receiving analog signal delay circuit. The output end of the receiving analog signal delay circuit shares a common point with the input end of the intermediate frequency input matching circuit and the intermediate frequency port of the baseband. The output end of the intermediate frequency input matching circuit is connected to the input end of the transmitting digital signal delay circuit. The data output end of the baseband is the output end of the transmitting digital signal delay circuit. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种毫米波通感一体化相控阵系统,其特征在于,所述合路基带芯片包括数据输入端口、数据输出端口和数据传输端口;所述合路基带芯片的数据输入端口用于接收外部数据信号输入,数据传输端口通过母板与每个所述基板的外部数据传输端口连接以传输数据信号,数据输出端口用于向外部发送数据信号输出。2. A millimeter-wave synaesthesia integrated phased array system according to claim 1, characterized in that the combiner baseband chip includes a data input port, a data output port and a data transmission port; the data input port of the combiner baseband chip is used to receive external data signal input, the data transmission port is connected to the external data transmission port of each substrate through a motherboard to transmit data signals, and the data output port is used to send data signal output to the outside. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种毫米波通感一体化相控阵系统,其特征在于,每个所述基板包括外部参考频率输入端口、外部数据传输端口、至少一个内部数据传输端口、至少一个内部参考频率输出端口和至少一个天线端口;所述基板通过外部参考频率输入端口接收外部参考频率信号输入并通过内部参考频率输出端口与每个所述芯片阵元的参考频率输入端口连接以输出参考频率信号,通过天线端口与每个所述芯片阵元的天线接口连接;3. A millimeter-wave synaesthesia integrated phased array system according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the substrates comprises an external reference frequency input port, an external data transmission port, at least one internal data transmission port, at least one internal reference frequency output port and at least one antenna port; the substrate receives an external reference frequency signal input through the external reference frequency input port and is connected to the reference frequency input port of each chip array element through the internal reference frequency output port to output a reference frequency signal, and is connected to the antenna interface of each chip array element through the antenna port; 通过内部数据传输端口与每个所述芯片阵元的中频端口连接以传输数据信号。The internal data transmission port is connected to the intermediate frequency port of each chip array element to transmit data signals. 4.根据权利要求3所述的一种毫米波通感一体化相控阵系统,其特征在于,所述基板包括阵列封装天线、功分网络和电源层;所述阵列封装天线连接天线端口进行天线信号的接收和发射,所述功分网络用于在多个所述芯片阵元之间进行功率分配,所述电源层为芯片阵元提供直流电位;所述基板上安装至少一个芯片阵元并与母板建立连接关系。4. A millimeter-wave synaesthesia integrated phased array system according to claim 3, characterized in that the substrate comprises an array package antenna, a power division network and a power supply layer; the array package antenna is connected to the antenna port to receive and transmit antenna signals, the power division network is used to distribute power among multiple chip array elements, and the power supply layer provides a DC potential for the chip array element; at least one chip array element is installed on the substrate and establishes a connection relationship with a motherboard. 5.根据权利要求4所述的一种毫米波通感一体化相控阵系统,其特征在于,所述阵列封装天线包括多个分离的天线单元,每个所述天线单元采用双端馈电,两个馈电端分别作为接收信号路径和发射信号路径,每个所述天线单元之间通过金属墙阻隔。5. A millimeter-wave synaesthesia integrated phased array system according to claim 4, characterized in that the array packaged antenna includes a plurality of separate antenna units, each of the antenna units adopts dual-end feeding, the two feeding ends serve as a receiving signal path and a transmitting signal path respectively, and each of the antenna units is separated by a metal wall. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种毫米波通感一体化相控阵系统,其特征在于,所述频率源具有输出端和输入端;所述双向收发机具有天线端、本振输入端、数据输出端和数据输入端;所述基带具有数据输入端、数据输出端和中频端口;所述频率源的输入端通过参考频率输入端口接收参考频率信号输入,频率源的输出端连接至所述双向收发机的本振输入端;所述双向收发机的的天线端连接至天线接口,双向收发机的数据输出端和数据输入端分别连接至基带的数据输入端和数据输出端;所述基带的中频端口用于输入或输出数据信号。6. A millimeter-wave synaesthesia integrated phased array system according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency source has an output end and an input end; the bidirectional transceiver has an antenna end, a local oscillator input end, a data output end and a data input end; the baseband has a data input end, a data output end and an intermediate frequency port; the input end of the frequency source receives a reference frequency signal input through a reference frequency input port, and the output end of the frequency source is connected to the local oscillator input end of the bidirectional transceiver; the antenna end of the bidirectional transceiver is connected to an antenna interface, and the data output end and data input end of the bidirectional transceiver are respectively connected to the data input end and data output end of the baseband; the intermediate frequency port of the baseband is used to input or output data signals. 7.根据权利要求1所述的一种毫米波通感一体化相控阵系统,其特征在于,所述频率源具体包括移相器、谐波倍频电路和振荡器;所述频率源的输入端为移相器的输入端,所述移相器的输出端连接至谐波倍频电路的输入端,所述谐波倍频电路的输出端连接至振荡器的输入端,所述振荡器的输出端为频率源的输出端。7. A millimeter-wave synaesthesia integrated phased array system according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency source specifically includes a phase shifter, a harmonic frequency multiplication circuit and an oscillator; the input end of the frequency source is the input end of the phase shifter, the output end of the phase shifter is connected to the input end of the harmonic frequency multiplication circuit, the output end of the harmonic frequency multiplication circuit is connected to the input end of the oscillator, and the output end of the oscillator is the output end of the frequency source. 8.根据权利要求1所述的一种毫米波通感一体化相控阵系统,其特征在于,所述双向收发机具体包括天线开关、低噪声放大器、功率放大器、第一解调器、第二解调器和本振开关;所述的第一解调器和第二解调器具有放大和解调两种模式;所述双向收发机的本振输入端为本振开关的输入端,本振开关的输出端分别连接至第一解调器的本振端和第二解调器的本振端,所述第一解调器的数据端为双向收发机的数据输出端,所述第一解调器的射频端连接至低噪声放大器的输出端,所述第二解调器的射频端连接至功率放大器的输入端,所述功率放大器的调制端为双向收发机的数据输入端,所述低噪声放大器的输入端连接至天线开关的接收端;所述功率放大器的输出端连接至天线开关的发射端,所述天线开关的天线端为双向收发机的天线端。8. A millimeter-wave synaesthesia integrated phased array system according to claim 1, characterized in that the bidirectional transceiver specifically includes an antenna switch, a low-noise amplifier, a power amplifier, a first demodulator, a second demodulator and a local oscillator switch; the first demodulator and the second demodulator have two modes of amplification and demodulation; the local oscillator input end of the bidirectional transceiver is the input end of the local oscillator switch, and the output end of the local oscillator switch is respectively connected to the local oscillator end of the first demodulator and the local oscillator end of the second demodulator, the data end of the first demodulator is the data output end of the bidirectional transceiver, the radio frequency end of the first demodulator is connected to the output end of the low-noise amplifier, the radio frequency end of the second demodulator is connected to the input end of the power amplifier, the modulation end of the power amplifier is the data input end of the bidirectional transceiver, and the input end of the low-noise amplifier is connected to the receiving end of the antenna switch; the output end of the power amplifier is connected to the transmitting end of the antenna switch, and the antenna end of the antenna switch is the antenna end of the bidirectional transceiver. 9.根据权利要求1所述的一种毫米波通感一体化相控阵系统,其特征在于,所述双向收发机具体包括双向放大器和解调器;所述的解调器具有放大和解调两种模式;所述解调器的本振端为双向收发机的本振输入端,所述解调器的射频端连接至双向放大器的第一射频端,所述解调器的数据端为双向收发机的数据输出端,双向放大器的调制端为双向收发机的数据输入端,双向放大器的第二射频端为双向收发机的天线端。9. According to claim 1, a millimeter-wave synaesthesia integrated phased array system is characterized in that the bidirectional transceiver specifically includes a bidirectional amplifier and a demodulator; the demodulator has two modes of amplification and demodulation; the local oscillator end of the demodulator is the local oscillator input end of the bidirectional transceiver, the radio frequency end of the demodulator is connected to the first radio frequency end of the bidirectional amplifier, the data end of the demodulator is the data output end of the bidirectional transceiver, the modulation end of the bidirectional amplifier is the data input end of the bidirectional transceiver, and the second radio frequency end of the bidirectional amplifier is the antenna end of the bidirectional transceiver. 10.一种合路基带芯片,应用于如权利要求1-8任一项所提出相控阵系统中的合路基带芯片,其特征在于,包括多基带合成电路、可变增益放大器、开关、伪随机序列生成器和基带自干扰抵消电路;所述多基带合成电路将发射基带和接收基带合为一个端口发射和接收数据信号;所述可变增益放大器用于提供不同档位的增益放大;所述开关用于在雷达数据和通信数据间切换;所述伪随机序列生成器用于产生周期性的伪随机序列;所述基带自干扰抵消电路用于抵消发射信号对接收信号的干扰。10. A combined baseband chip, used as a combined baseband chip in a phased array system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it includes a multi-baseband synthesis circuit, a variable gain amplifier, a switch, a pseudo-random sequence generator and a baseband self-interference cancellation circuit; the multi-baseband synthesis circuit combines the transmitting baseband and the receiving baseband into one port to transmit and receive data signals; the variable gain amplifier is used to provide gain amplification of different gears; the switch is used to switch between radar data and communication data; the pseudo-random sequence generator is used to generate a periodic pseudo-random sequence; the baseband self-interference cancellation circuit is used to cancel the interference of the transmitting signal on the receiving signal. 11.根据权利要求10所述的一种合路基带芯片,其特征在于,所述多基带合成电路具有合成端和支路端,其中合成端作为合路基带芯片的数据传输端口进行外部连接,支路端分别连接所述可变增益放大器的输入端和所述开关的输出端;所述开关具有第一输入端、第二输入端和输出端,其中第一输入端作为所述合路基带芯片的数据输入端口进行外部连接,第二输入端连接所述伪随机序列生成器的输出端;所述可变增益放大器具有输入端和输出端;所述基带自干扰抵消电路具有输入端和输出端,其中输入端与所述伪随机序列生成器的输出端连接,输出端与所述可变增益放大器的输出端合路后作为所述合路基带芯片的数据输出端口进行外部连接。11. A combined baseband chip according to claim 10, characterized in that the multi-baseband synthesis circuit has a synthesis end and a branch end, wherein the synthesis end is used as the data transmission port of the combined baseband chip for external connection, and the branch end is respectively connected to the input end of the variable gain amplifier and the output end of the switch; the switch has a first input end, a second input end and an output end, wherein the first input end is used as the data input port of the combined baseband chip for external connection, and the second input end is connected to the output end of the pseudo-random sequence generator; the variable gain amplifier has an input end and an output end; the baseband self-interference cancellation circuit has an input end and an output end, wherein the input end is connected to the output end of the pseudo-random sequence generator, and the output end is combined with the output end of the variable gain amplifier and then used as the data output port of the combined baseband chip for external connection. 12.一种雷达测距方法,应用于如权利要求1-8任一项所提出相控阵系统,其特征在于,利用伪随机序列对载波进行幅度调制后发射,对回波解调后的信号进行数字采样并与不同延时的伪随机序列进行相关分析,相关性最高的路径所对应的延时为飞行时间,从而确定目标的距离;所述的伪随机序列周期性重复,具有尖锐的模糊函数。12. A radar ranging method, applied to the phased array system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the carrier wave is amplitude modulated by a pseudo-random sequence and then transmitted, the demodulated echo signal is digitally sampled and correlated with the pseudo-random sequences with different delays, the delay corresponding to the path with the highest correlation is the flight time, thereby determining the distance of the target; the pseudo-random sequence is repeated periodically and has a sharp fuzzy function.
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