CN118187851A - Suspension cutting rock breaking device and heading machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hard rock tunneling, and particularly relates to a suspension cutting rock breaking device and a tunneling machine, wherein the suspension cutting rock breaking device comprises a cutting assembly, a driving assembly and a supporting shell, and the rear end of the supporting shell is fixedly connected with a cutting arm of the tunneling machine; the cutting assembly is rotatably arranged at the front end of the supporting shell, and the cutting assembly is driven to freely rotate through friction force between the cutting assembly and rock; the driving assembly is positioned in the cutting assembly and the inner cavity of the supporting shell, and drives the cutting assembly to vibrate at high frequency. The invention utilizes the high-frequency vibration of the cutterhead to impact and squeeze the rock, thereby realizing high-efficiency rock cutting; meanwhile, the cutter head rotates automatically by following friction force between the cutter head and rock, so that compared with the traditional cutting pick milling rock breaking, the abrasion of the cutter head is reduced, and the service life of the cutter head is prolonged.

Description

Suspension cutting rock breaking device and heading machine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of hard rock tunneling, and particularly relates to a suspension cutting rock breaking device and a tunneling machine.

Background

The tunnel is excavated by mechanical equipment, so that the development trend in tunnel construction is realized. The existing rock stratum excavating equipment mainly adopts cutting teeth for milling and breaking rock, however, for hard rock with the firmness coefficient larger than f8, the cutting teeth are seriously worn and have low exploitation efficiency, and the excavating requirement of the hard rock cannot be met; while the full face rock tunnel boring machine can meet the excavation requirement of hard rock, the full face rock tunnel boring machine has high cost, poor flexibility, incapability of excavating special-shaped sections, easy occurrence of machine clamping and poor geological adaptability.

Aiming at the problems, the Chinese patent with the publication number of CN 210013700U provides a hard rock cutting device, which can realize hard rock cutting, but when a main shaft and a milling cutter head are driven by a hydraulic motor to run, collision friction with rocks generates a large amount of sparks, so that the cutter head is severely worn, the service life of the cutter head is obviously reduced, and meanwhile, the device cannot generate impact vibration to ensure that the penetration degree of the cutter head is low, so that the cutting efficiency is low. Chinese patent publication No. CN 114991795A provides a swing type hard rock cutting device and heading machine, the device uses impact generated by misalignment of the cutting disc and the spindle rotation axis to break rock, but it cannot realize high-speed rotation, so that the impact frequency to rock is low, and thus the rock cutting efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems and the defects, the invention provides a suspended cutting rock breaking device and a heading machine, which utilize high-frequency vibration of a cutterhead to impact and squeeze rock so as to realize efficient rock cutting; meanwhile, the cutter head rotates automatically by following friction force between the cutter head and rock, so that compared with the traditional cutting pick milling rock breaking, the abrasion of the cutter head is reduced, and the service life of the cutter head is prolonged.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted is as follows:

The suspended cutting rock breaking device comprises a cutting assembly, a driving assembly and a supporting shell, wherein the rear end of the supporting shell is fixedly connected with a cutting arm of a heading machine; the cutting assembly is rotatably arranged at the front end of the supporting shell, and the cutting assembly is driven to freely rotate through friction force between the cutting assembly and rock; the driving assembly is positioned in the cutting assembly and the inner cavity of the supporting shell, and drives the cutting assembly to vibrate at high frequency.

According to the suspended cutting rock breaking device, further, the cutting assembly comprises a cutter disc, a cutter hub and a main shaft, wherein the cutter disc is detachably fixed at the front end of the cutter hub and is coaxial with the cutter hub; the main shaft is detachably fixed at the rear end of the cutter hub, and the main shaft is rotatably arranged in the support shell.

According to the suspended cutting rock breaking device, further, the main shaft is radially fixed in the support shell through at least one first bearing, and the outer end face of the first bearing is provided with a sealing structure; the main shaft and the cutter hub are hollow structures.

According to the suspended cutting rock breaking device, further, a cutter head end cover and a sealing gland are arranged in the middle of the cutter head, the cutter head end cover is fixedly arranged on the front end face of the cutter hub, and the sealing gland is embedded into the opening side of the cutter head end cover.

According to the suspended cutting rock breaking device, further, the driving assembly comprises an eccentric shaft and a power part, wherein the eccentric shaft is rotatably arranged in the hollow cavity of the cutter hub, and the rotation axis of the eccentric shaft is coincident with the center line of the cutter disc; the power part is arranged in the inner cavity of the support shell, and axially penetrates through the main shaft to drive the eccentric shaft to rotate.

According to the suspended cutting rock breaking device, further, the front end and the rear end of the eccentric shaft are radially supported and provided with the second bearing, and the rear end of the second bearing close to the power part is provided with the stop piece.

According to the suspended cutting rock breaking device, further, the power part comprises a coupler, a transmission shaft and a hydraulic motor, the transmission shaft is arranged in the hollow cavity of the main shaft, the front end of the transmission shaft is detachably and fixedly connected with the eccentric shaft, the rear end of the transmission shaft is connected with the hydraulic motor through the coupler, and the hydraulic motor is fixed at the rear end of the main shaft.

According to the suspended cutting rock breaking device, the hydraulic motor is further connected with the hydraulic rotary joint through the grease pipe, and the hydraulic rotary joint is fixedly arranged on the cutting arm of the heading machine.

A heading machine, comprising:

A heading machine main body;

a heading machine cutting arm provided in a front portion of the heading machine main body;

and the suspended cutting rock breaking device is arranged at the front end of the cutting arm of the heading machine.

By adopting the technical scheme, the beneficial effects are that:

The suspension cutting rock breaking device adopts the cutterhead in the form of a block detachable structure, and when the abrasion is serious, the cutterhead is only required to be replaced, so that the operation is simple and convenient. The support shell is detachably connected with the cutting arm of the heading machine, the hydraulic rotary joint is detachably connected with the cutting arm of the heading machine, the cutter hub is detachably connected with the main shaft, the hydraulic motor is detachably connected with the main shaft, and the like.

When the cutterhead is subjected to friction passive rotation, power is transmitted to the main shaft through the cutter hub, free rotation and rotation stability of the cutterhead can be guaranteed by utilizing the first bearing between the supporting shell and the main shaft, the second bearing between the eccentric shaft and the main shaft and the hydraulic rotary joint, the follow-up motion enables the cutterhead to be small in abrasion and even in abrasion, the cutterhead is prevented from being eccentric, the service life of the cutterhead is prolonged, the construction cost is reduced, and the problem that the cutterhead of the existing hard rock cutting device is seriously abraded is solved.

The eccentric shaft is arranged at the front end of the suspended cutting rock breaking device in a bearing connection mode, the centrifugal force generated by high-speed eccentric rotation of the eccentric shaft drives the cutter disc to vibrate at high frequency to impact and squeeze rock, fatigue cracks are generated in the rock, hard rock excavation is carried out under the combined action of high-frequency impact and suspended cutting extrusion, and therefore rock cutting efficiency and hard rock excavation capacity are remarkably improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will briefly explain the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating some embodiments of the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a hanging and cutting rock breaking apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a cutting assembly of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a drive assembly according to an embodiment of the invention.

The meaning represented by the numbers in the figures is:

1. the cutting assembly, the cutter disc end cover, the sealing gland, the cutter hub and the main shaft are arranged in sequence, wherein the cutter disc end cover and the cutter hub are arranged in sequence;

2. the hydraulic oil pump comprises a driving assembly 201, an eccentric shaft 202, a transmission shaft 203, a coupling 204, a hydraulic motor 205, a grease pipe 206 and a hydraulic rotary joint;

3. A support housing; 4. the cutting arm of the heading machine comprises a stop piece 5, a sealing structure 6, a second bearing 7, a first bearing 8 and a shaft end gland 9.

Detailed Description

An exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments of the invention are shown. Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the expressions "first" and "second" are used to describe various elements of the present invention and do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another.

It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "connected," "coupled," or "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected, coupled, or connected, but it is understood that there may be intervening elements present therebetween; i.e. the positional relationship of direct connection and indirect connection is covered.

It should be noted that the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not necessarily denote a limitation of quantity. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that elements or items preceding the word are included in the element or item listed after the word and equivalents thereof, but does not exclude other elements or items.

It should be noted that terms like "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like, which indicate an orientation or a positional relationship, are merely used to indicate a relative positional relationship, and are provided for convenience in describing the present invention, and do not necessarily refer to devices or elements having a particular orientation, being constructed and operated in a particular orientation; when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed, the relative positional relationship may be changed accordingly.

Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses a suspended cutting rock breaking device, which comprises a cutting assembly 1, a driving assembly 2 and a supporting shell 3, wherein the rear end of the supporting shell 3 is fixedly connected with a cutting arm 4 of a heading machine, including but not limited to adopting a bolt connection; the cutting assembly 1 is rotatably arranged at the front end of the supporting shell 3, and the cutting assembly 1 is driven to freely rotate through friction force between the cutting assembly and rock; the driving component 2 is positioned in the inner cavities of the cutting component 1 and the supporting shell 3, and drives the cutting component 1 to vibrate at high frequency.

Referring to fig. 2, a specific structure of the cutting assembly 1 is shown. The cutting assembly 1 comprises a cutter disc 101, a cutter hub 104 and a main shaft 105; the cutter disc 101 is designed to be of a block structure and is detachably fixed at the front end of the cutter hub 104, including but not limited to the adoption of bolt connection, when the cutter disc 101 is severely worn, the cutter disc 101 can be conveniently replaced, and the operation is simple and convenient; and the cutter disc 101 is coaxial with the cutter hub 104, the cutter disc 101 is driven by friction force between the cutter disc 101 and rock, and rolling friction is adopted between the cutter disc 101 and the rock, so that the cutter disc 101 is small in abrasion and uniform in abrasion, and the service life is long. The main shaft 105 and the cutter hub 104 are hollow structures, and the front end of the main shaft 105 is detachably fixed at the rear end of the cutter hub 104, preferably, the front end of the main shaft 105 is connected with the cutter hub 104 in a mode of bolt connection and spline engagement, so that the rotation stability of the cutter disc 101 is ensured. The spindle 105 is rotatably arranged inside the support housing 3, preferably the spindle 105 is fixed radially inside the support housing 3 by means of the front and rear first bearings 8, in such a way that a free rotation of the spindle 105 inside the support housing 3 is ensured, without being affected by other components.

In order to ensure a closed working space of the cutting assembly 1, a cutter head end cover 102 and a sealing gland 103 are arranged in the middle of the cutter head 101, the cutter head end cover 102 can be fixed on the front end surface of the cutter hub 104 through bolts, and the sealing gland 103 is embedded into the opening side of the cutter head end cover 102.

In order to avoid the outward oil leakage of the first bearings 8 and the damage of the bearings caused by the external silt entering the first bearings 8, the sealing structures 6 are arranged on the outer end faces of the two first bearings 8, so that the sealing performance of the first bearings 8 is improved.

Referring to fig. 3, a specific structure of the drive assembly 2 is shown. The driving assembly 2 comprises an eccentric shaft 201 and a power part, the eccentric shaft 201 is rotatably arranged in a hollow cavity of the cutter hub 104, the rotation axis of the eccentric shaft is coincident with the center line of the cutter disc 101, and the cutter disc 101 is driven to generate high-frequency vibration to impact rock by utilizing the centrifugal force generated by high-speed eccentric rotation of the eccentric shaft 201, so that the excavation capability of the cutter disc 101 can be improved. Preferably, the front end and the rear end of the eccentric shaft 201 are radially supported and provided with the second bearing 7, the front second bearing 7 is arranged between the eccentric shaft 201 and the cutter head end cover 102, and the rear second bearing 7 is arranged between the main shaft 105 and the eccentric shaft 201, so that the self-rotation of the cutter head 101 is not controlled by the eccentric shaft 201, and conditions are provided for the follow-up rotation of the cutter head 101. The power part mainly provides power for the rotation movement of the eccentric shaft 201, is arranged in the inner cavity of the support housing 3, and axially penetrates through the main shaft 105 to drive the eccentric shaft 201 to rotate.

In order to prevent axial play of the second bearing 7 at the rear end of the eccentric shaft 201 during operation, a stop 5 is provided at the rear end thereof, alternatively, the stop 5 is a round nut which is fixed to the eccentric shaft 201 at the rear end of the second bearing 7 in a threaded manner.

The power part comprises a coupling 203, a transmission shaft 202 and a hydraulic motor 204, wherein the transmission shaft 202 is arranged in a hollow cavity of the main shaft 105, the front end of the transmission shaft 202 is detachably and fixedly connected with the eccentric shaft 201, the front end of the transmission shaft 202 is connected with the hydraulic motor 204 through the coupling 203 in a threaded connection mode, and the hydraulic motor 204 provides rotary power for the eccentric shaft 201. The hydraulic motor 204 is fixed to the rear end of the main shaft 105 through the shaft end gland 9, and oil supply is realized by a grease pipe 205 and a hydraulic swivel joint 206 therebehind. The hydraulic swivel 206 is removably secured to the heading machine cutting arm 4. When the cutter disc 101 is driven by the rock friction force, the cutter hub 104 and the main shaft 105 can drive the hydraulic motor 204 and the hydraulic rotary joint 206 to synchronously rotate so as to prevent the grease pipe 205 from winding.

In actual work, the suspended cutting rock breaking device is arranged on the cutting arm 4 of the heading machine, hydraulic oil is transmitted to the hydraulic motor 204 through the hydraulic rotary joint 206 through the oil pipe 205, the hydraulic motor 204 is driven to operate, the hydraulic motor 204 transmits power to the eccentric shaft 201 through the transmission shaft 202, and finally the eccentric shaft 201 is driven to rotate at a high speed. The centrifugal force generated by the high-speed eccentric rotation of the eccentric shaft 201 is utilized to drive the cutter disc 101 to generate high-frequency vibration to impact the rock, through cracks are generated in the rock, and the excavation of harder rock can be realized under the condition of applying smaller load, so that the aim of efficiently cutting hard rock is fulfilled; therefore, the high-frequency vibration impact of the suspended cutting rock breaking device can effectively reduce the rock breaking cutting force and improve the rock breaking efficiency. When the cutterhead 101 rotates around the geometric center of the cutterhead under the action of rock friction force, power is transmitted to the main shaft 105 through the cutter hub 104, the first bearing 8 between the support shell 3 and the main shaft 105, the second bearing 7 between the eccentric shaft 201 and the main shaft 105 and the hydraulic rotary joint 206 can ensure free rotation and rotation stability of the cutterhead 101, eccentric wear of the cutterhead 101 is prevented, abrasion of the cutterhead 101 is reduced, and the service life of the cutterhead 101 is prolonged.

The embodiment also discloses a development machine, which comprises a development machine main body, a development machine cutting arm 4 and the suspension cutting rock breaking device, wherein the development machine cutting arm 4 is arranged at the front part of the development machine main body, and the suspension cutting rock breaking device is arranged at the front end of the development machine cutting arm 4. The tunneling machine adopts the suspended cutting rock breaking device, so that the tunneling machine can remarkably improve the excavation efficiency of the tunneling machine in hard rock stratum, and the construction cost is reduced.

Preferred embodiments for carrying out the invention have been described in detail hereinabove, but it should be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope, applicability or configuration of the invention in any way. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof. Many modifications and variations of the foregoing embodiments will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the teachings of this invention, which will fall within the scope of this invention.

Claims (9)

1. The suspension cutting rock breaking device is characterized by comprising a cutting assembly, a driving assembly and a supporting shell, wherein the rear end of the supporting shell is fixedly connected with a cutting arm of a heading machine; the cutting assembly is rotatably arranged at the front end of the supporting shell, and the cutting assembly is driven to freely rotate through friction force between the cutting assembly and rock; the driving assembly is positioned in the cutting assembly and the inner cavity of the supporting shell, and drives the cutting assembly to vibrate at high frequency.

2. The hanging rock breaking device according to claim 1, wherein the cutting assembly comprises a cutter disc, a cutter hub and a main shaft, the cutter disc being detachably fixed to the front end of the cutter hub and being coaxial with the cutter hub; the main shaft is detachably fixed at the rear end of the cutter hub, and the main shaft is rotatably arranged in the support shell.

3. The hanging and cutting rock breaking device according to claim 2, wherein the main shaft is fixed in the support housing radially through at least one first bearing, the outer end surface of which is provided with a sealing structure; the main shaft and the cutter hub are hollow structures.

4. The hanging rock breaking device according to claim 2, wherein a cutter head end cover and a sealing gland are arranged in the middle of the cutter head, the cutter head end cover is fixedly arranged on the front end face of the cutter hub, and the sealing gland is embedded into the opening side of the cutter head end cover.

5. A hanging and cutting rock breaking device according to claim 3, wherein the driving assembly comprises an eccentric shaft and a power part, the eccentric shaft is rotatably arranged in the hollow cavity of the cutter hub, and the rotation axis of the eccentric shaft is coincident with the center line of the cutter disc; the power part is arranged in the inner cavity of the support shell, and axially penetrates through the main shaft to drive the eccentric shaft to rotate.

6. The hanging rock breaking device according to claim 5, wherein the front and rear ends of the eccentric shaft are radially supported with a second bearing, and a stopper is provided near the rear end of the second bearing of the power section.

7. The hanging and cutting rock breaking device according to claim 5, wherein the power part comprises a coupler, a transmission shaft and a hydraulic motor, the transmission shaft is arranged in the hollow cavity of the main shaft, the front end of the transmission shaft is detachably and fixedly connected with the eccentric shaft, the rear end of the transmission shaft is connected with the hydraulic motor through the coupler, and the hydraulic motor is fixed at the rear end of the main shaft.

8. The suspended solids rock breaking device according to claim 7, wherein the hydraulic motor is connected to a hydraulic swivel via a grease tube, the hydraulic swivel being fixedly mounted on the heading machine cutting arm.

9. A heading machine, comprising:

A heading machine main body;

a heading machine cutting arm provided in a front portion of the heading machine main body;

A suspended shear rock breaking device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, provided at the front end of the cutter arm of the heading machine.